# dictionary

word: Petrifactive
definition:
Petrifactive

Pet`ri*fac"tive
(?)
a.
1.
Having the quality of converting organic matter into stone; petrifying.

2.
Pertaining to, or characterized by, petrifaction.

The . . . petrifactive mutations of hard bodies.
Sir T. Browne.


word: Petrific
definition:
Petrific

Pe*trif"ic
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. pétrifique.]
Petrifying; petrifactive.

Death with his mace petrific, cold and dry.
Milton.


word: Petrificate
definition:
Petrificate

Pet"ri*fi*cate
(?)
v. t.
To petrify.
[Obs.]

Our hearts petrificated were.
J. Hall (1646).


word: Petrification
definition:
Petrification

Pet`ri*fi*ca"tion
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. pétrification. See Petrify.]
1.
See Petrifaction.

2.
Fig.: Obduracy; callousness.
Hallywell.


word: petrified
definition:
petrified

petrified
adj.
1.
Converted into stone.

2.
Converted into a mineral; as, petrified wood.

Syn. -- mineralized.

3.
Same as terrified; as, petrified by the sight of the approaching bear.

Syn. -- panicky, panic-stricken, panic-struck, terrified, frightened.

4.
rendered unable to act due to intense fear.
petrified with fear

Syn. -- frozen.

5.
Rendered lifeless or inactive; as, an imagination petrified by habitual television viewing.

Syn. -- frozen; ossified.


word: Petrify
definition:
Petrify

Pet"ri*fy
(pĕt"rĭ*fī)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Petrified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Petrifying (?).]
[L. petra rock, Gr. pe`tra (akin to pe`tros a stone) + -fy: cf. F. pétrifier.  Cf. Parrot, Petrel, Pier.]
1.
To convert, as any animal or vegetable matter, into stone or stony substance; as, petrified wood.

A river that petrifies any sort of wood or leaves.
Kirwan.

2.
To make callous or obdurate; to transform, as by petrifaction; as, to petrify the heart. Young.
Petrifying
Sir W. Scott.

And petrify a genius to a dunce.
Pope.

A hideous fatalism, which ought, logically, to petrify your volition.
G. Eliot.

3.
To paralyze, especially with fear; to stupefy; as, she was petrified by the sight of the bear in her tent.

The poor, petrified journeyman, quite unconscious of what he was doing.
De Quincey.


word: Petrify₂
definition:
Petrify

Pet"ri*fy
v. i.
1.
To become stone, or of a stony hardness, as organic matter by calcareous deposits.

2.
Fig.: To become stony, callous, or obdurate.

Like Niobe we marble grow,
And petrify with grief.
Dryden.


word: Petro-
definition:
Petro-

Pet"ro-
(?)
A combining form from Gr. pe`tra a rock, pe`tros a stone; as, petrology, petroglyphic.


word: Petrocoptis
definition:
Petrocoptis

Petrocoptis
prop. n.
A genus of perennial tussock-forming rock plants; native to the Pyrenees and mountains of Northern Spain; it is similar to and sometimes placed in the genus Lychnis.

Syn. -- genus Petrocoptis.


word: Petrogale
definition:
Petrogale

Pe*trog"a*le
(pe̝*tr&obreve_;g"ȧ*lē)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. pe`tra a rock + galh^ a weasel.]
(Zool.)
Any Australian kangaroo of the genus Petrogale, as the rock wallaby (Petrogale penicillata).


word: petroglyph
definition:
petroglyph

pet"ro*glyph`
(pĕt"ro̝*glĭf`)
n.
A carving or drawing on rock, especially one made by prehistoric humans; called also a petrograph.


word: Petroglyphy
definition:
Petroglyphy

Pe*trog"ly*phy
(?)
n.
[Petro + Gr. gly`fein to carve.]
The art or operation of carving figures or inscriptions on rock or stone.


word: petrograph
definition:
petrograph

pet"ro*graph`
(pĕt"ro̝*grăf`)
n.
A carving or drawing on rock, especially one made by prehistoric humans; called also a petrograph.


word: Petrographical
definition:
Petrographical

Petrographic

{ Pet`ro*graph"ic (?), Pet`ro*graph"ic*al (?), }
a.
Pertaining to petrography.


word: Petrography
definition:
Petrography

Pe*trog"ra*phy
(?)
n.
[Petro + -graphy.]
1.
The art of writing on stone.

2.
The scientific description of rocks; that department of science which investigates the constitution of rocks; petrology.


word: petrohyoid
definition:
petrohyoid

pet`ro*hy"oid
(pĕt`ro̝*hī"oid)
a.
[Petro + hyoid.]
(Anat.)
Pertaining to the petrous, or periotic, portion of the skull and the hyoid arch; as, the petrohyoid muscles of the frog.


word: Petrol
definition:
Petrol

Pe*trol"
(pe̝*tr&omacrl)
n.
1.
Petroleum.
[Archaic and R.]

2.
(pĕ"tr&asuml_;l")
Same as gasoline; -- British usage.
[British]


word: Petrolatum
definition:
Petrolatum

Pet`ro*la"tum
(?)
n.
(Chem. & Pharm.)
A semisolid unctuous substance, neutral, and without taste or odor, derived from petroleum by distilling off the lighter portions and purifying the residue.  It is a yellowish, fatlike mass, transparent in thin layers, and somewhat fluorescent.  It is used as a bland protective dressing, and as a substitute for fatty materials in ointments.
U. S. Pharm.

&hand_; Petrolatum is the official name for the purified product.  Cosmoline and vaseline are commercial names for substances essentially the same, but differing slightly in appearance and consistency or fusibility.


word: Petroleum
definition:
Petroleum

Pe*tro"le*um
(pe̝*tr&omacr"le̝*ŭm)
n.
[NL., fr. L. petra a rock + oleum oil: cf. F. pétrole.  Cf. Petrify, and Oil.]
Rock oil, mineral oil, or natural oil, a dark brown or greenish inflammable liquid, which, at certain points, exists in the upper strata of the earth, from whence it is pumped, or forced by pressure of the gas attending it.  It consists of a complex mixture of various hydrocarbons, largely of the methane series, but may vary much in appearance, composition, and properties.  It is refined by distillation, and the products include kerosene, benzine, gasoline, paraffin, etc.

Petroleum spirit, a volatile liquid obtained in the distillation of crude petroleum at a temperature of 170° Fahr., or below.  The term is rather loosely applied to a considerable range of products, including benzine and ligroin.  The terms petroleum ether, and naphtha, are sometimes applied to the still more volatile products, including rhigolene, gasoline, cymogene, etc.


word: Petroleuse
definition:
Petroleuse

Petroleur

{ &VerbarPé`tro`leur" (?), n. m. &VerbarPé`tro`leuse" (?), n. f. }
[F.]
One who makes use of petroleum for incendiary purposes.


word: Petroline
definition:
Petroline

Pet"ro*line
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A paraffin obtained from petroleum from Rangoon in India, and practically identical with ordinary paraffin.


word: Petrological
definition:
Petrological

Petrologic

{ Pet`ro*log"ic (?), Pet`ro*log"ic*al (?), }
a.
Of or pertaining to petrology.


word: Petrology
definition:
Petrology

Pe*trol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Petro + -logy.]
1.
The department of science which is concerned with the mineralogical and chemical composition of rocks, and with their classification: lithology.

2.
A treatise on petrology.


word: Petromastoid
definition:
Petromastoid

Pet`ro*mas"toid
(?)
a.
[Petro + mastoid.]
(Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the petrous and mastoid parts of the temporal bone; periotic.


word: Petronel
definition:
Petronel

Pet`ro*nel
(?)
n.
[OF. petrinal, fr. peitrine, petrine, the breast, F. poitrine; so called because it was placed against the breast in order to fire. See Poitrel.]
A sort of hand cannon, or portable firearm, used in France in the 15th century.


word: Petrosal
definition:
Petrosal

Pe*tro"sal
(?)
a.
[See Petrous.]
(Anat.)
(a)
Hard; stony; petrous; as, the petrosal bone; petrosal part of the temporal bone.
(b)
Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the petrous, or petrosal, bone, or the corresponding part of the temporal bone.

Petrosal bone (Anat.), a bone corresponding to the petrous portion of the temporal bone of man; or one forming more or less of the periotic capsule.


word: Petrostearine
definition:
Petrostearine

Pet`ro*ste"a*rine
(?)
n.
[Petro + stearine.]
A solid unctuous material, of which candles are made.


word: Petrous
definition:
Petrous

Pe"trous
(?)
a.
[L. petrosus, fr. petra a stone.]
1.
Like stone; hard; stony; rocky; as, the petrous part of the temporal bone.
Hooper.

2.
(Anat.)
Same as Petrosal.


word: pe-tsai
definition:
pe-tsai

pe-tsai
n.
A plant with an elongated celerylike head of broadstalked leaves used as a vegetable in east Asia.

Syn. -- Chinese cabbage, celery cabbage, napa, Brassica rapa pekinensis.


word: Petticoat
definition:
Petticoat

Pet"ti*coat
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
[Petty + coat.]
A loose under-garment worn by women, and covering the body below the waist.

Petticoat government, government by women, whether in politics or domestic affairs. [Colloq.] -- Petticoat pipe (Locomotives), a short, flaring pipe surrounding the blast nozzle in the smoke box, to equalize the draft.


word: petticoated
definition:
petticoated

petticoated
adj.
1.
wearing or furnished with a petticoat; as, petticoated ladies; a petticoated table.


word: Pettifog
definition:
Pettifog

Pet"ti*fog
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Pettifogged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pettifogging (?).]
[Petty + fog to pettifog.]
1.
To do a petty business as a lawyer; also, to do law business in a petty or tricky way.
pettifogs
S. Butler.

2.
To debate or quarrel over unimportant, trifling matters.

3.
To use subterfuge, deception, or flattery for any purpose; to practice chicanery.


word: Pettifog₂
definition:
Pettifog

Pet"ti*fog
v. t.
To advocate like a pettifogger; to argue trickily; as, to pettifog a claim.
[Colloq.]


word: Pettifogger
definition:
Pettifogger

Pet"ti*fog`ger
(?)
n.
A lawyer who deals in petty cases; an attorney whose methods are mean and tricky; an inferior lawyer.

A pettifogger was lord chancellor.
Macaulay.


word: Pettifoggery
definition:
Pettifoggery

Pet"ti*fog`ger*y
(?)
n.
pl. pettifoggeries (_;).
The practice or arts of a pettifogger; disreputable tricks; quibbles; chicanery.

Quirks of law, and pettifoggeries.
Barrow.


word: Pettifogulize
definition:
Pettifogulize

Pet`ti*fog"u*lize
(?)
v. i.
To act as a pettifogger; to use contemptible tricks.
De Quincey.


word: petting
definition:
petting

petting
n.
Sexually titillating foreplay without contact with the genital organs.

Syn. -- caressing, cuddling, fondling, hugging, kissing, necking, smooching, snuggling.


word: Pettish
definition:
Pettish

Pet"tish
(?)
a.
[From Pet.]
Fretful; peevish; moody; capricious; inclined to ill temper.
pettish
Sterne.
Pet"tish*ly, adv. -- Pet"tish*ness, n.


word: Pettitoes
definition:
Pettitoes

Pet"ti*toes
(?)
n. pl.
[Petty + toes.]
The toes or feet of a pig, -- often used as food; sometimes, in contempt, the human feet.
Shak.


word: Petto
definition:
Petto

Pet"to
(pĕt"to̝)
n.
[It., fr. L. pectus.]
The breast.
[Obsolescent]

In petto, in the breast; hence, in secrecy; in reserve.


word: Petty
definition:
Petty

Pet"ty
(pĕt"t&ybreve_;)
a.
[Compar. Pettier (pĕt"tĭ*ẽr); superl. Pettiest.]
[OE. petit, F. petit; probably of Celtic origin, and akin to E. piece.  Cf. Petit.]
Little; trifling; inconsiderable; unimportant; also, inferior; subordinate; as, a petty fault; petty complaints; a petty prince.
Denham.

Like a petty god
I walked about, admired of all.
Milton.

Petty averages. See under Average. -- Petty cash, money expended or received in small items or amounts. -- Petty officer, a subofficer in the navy, as a gunner, etc., corresponding to a noncommissionned officer in the army.

&hand_; For petty constable, petty jury, petty larceny, petty treason, See Petit.


word: Pettychaps
definition:
Pettychaps

Pet"ty*chaps
(pĕt"t&ybreve_;*ch&obreve_;ps)
n.
(Zool.)
Any one of several species of small European singing birds of the subfamily Sylviinæ, as the willow warbler, the chiff-chaff, and the golden warbler (Sylvia hortensis).


word: Pettywhin
definition:
Pettywhin

Pet"ty*whin
(pĕt"t&ybreve_;*hwĭn)
n.
[Petty + whin.]
(Bot.)
The needle furze. See under Needle.


word: Petulancy
definition:
Petulancy

Petulance

{ Pet"u*lance (?), Pet"u*lan*cy (?), }
n.
[L. petulania: cf. F. pétulance. See Petulant.]
The quality or state of being petulant; temporary peevishness; pettishness; capricious ill humor.
petulancy
B. Jonson.

Like pride in some, and like petulance in others.
Clarendon.

The lowering eye, the petulance, the frown.
Cowper.


word: Petulant
definition:
Petulant

Pet"u*lant
(?)
a.
[L. petulans, -antis, prop., making slight attacks upon, from a lost dim. of petere to fall upon, to attack: cf. F. pétulant. See Petition.]
1.
Forward; pert; insolent; wanton.
[Obs.]
Burton.

2.
Capriciously fretful; characterized by ill-natured freakishness; irritable.
Petulant
Macaulay.


word: Petulcous
definition:
Petulcous

Pe*tul"cous
(?)
a.
[L. petulcus.  Cf. Petulant.]
Wanton; frisky; lustful.
[Obs.]
J. V. Cane.


word: Petune
definition:
Petune

Pe*tune"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Petuned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Petuning.]
[See Petunia.]
(Agric.)
To spray (tobacco) with a liquid intended to produce flavor or aroma.


word: Petunia
definition:
Petunia

Pe*tu"ni*a
(pe̝*tū"nĭ*ȧ)
n.
[NL., fr. Braz. petun tobacco.]
(Bot.)
A genus of solanaceous herbs with funnel-form or salver-shaped corollas.  Two species are common in cultivation, Petunia violacea, with reddish purple flowers, and Petunia nyctaginiflora, with white flowers. There are also many hybrid forms with variegated corollas.


word: Petuntze
definition:
Petuntze

Petuntse

Petunse

{ Pe*tunse", Pe*tuntse", Pe*tuntze"  }
(pe̝*tŭns")
n.
[From Chinese.]
Powdered fledspar, kaolin, or quartz, used in the manufacture of porcelain.


word: Petworth marble
definition:
Petworth marble

Pet"worth mar"ble
(?)
A kind of shell marble occurring in the Wealden clay at Petworth, in Sussex, England; -- called also Sussex marble.


word: Petzite
definition:
Petzite

Petz"ite
(?)
n.
[From Petz, who analyzed it.]
(Min.)
A telluride of silver and gold, related to hessite.


word: Peucedanin
definition:
Peucedanin

Peu*ced"a*nin
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A tasteless white crystalline substance, extracted from the roots of the sulphurwort (Peucedanum), masterwort (Imperatoria), and other related plants; -- called also imperatorin.


word: Peucil
definition:
Peucil

Peu"cil
(pū"sĭl)
n.
[Gr. pey`kh pine tree.]
(Chem.)
A liquid resembling camphene, obtained by treating turpentine hydrochloride with lime.
[Written also peucyl.]


word: Pew
definition:
Pew

Pew
(pū)
n.
[OE. pewe, OF. puie parapet, balustrade, balcony, fr. L. podium an elevated place, a jutty, balcony, a parapet or balcony in the circus, where the emperor and other distinguished persons sat, Gr. po`dion, dim. of poy`s, podo`s, foot; -- hence the Latin sense of a raised place (orig. as a rest or support for the foot). See Foot, and cf. Podium, Poy.]
1.
One of the compartments in a church which are separated by low partitions, and have long seats upon which several persons may sit; -- sometimes called slip.  Pews were originally made square, but are now usually long and narrow.

2.
Any structure shaped like a church pew, as a stall, formerly used by money lenders, etc.; a box in theater; a pen; a sheepfold.
[Obs.]
Pepys. Milton.

Pew opener, an usher in a church. [Eng.] Dickens.


word: Pewee
definition:
Pewee

Pe"wee
(?)
n.
[So called from its note.]
1.
(Zool.)
A common American tyrant flycatcher (Sayornis phœbe, or Sayornis fuscus).  Called also pewit, and phœbe.

2.
The woodcock.
[Local, U.S.]

Wood pewee (Zool.), a bird (Contopus virens) similar to the pewee (See Pewee, 1), but of smaller size.


word: Pewfellow
definition:
Pewfellow

Pew"fel`low
(?)
n.
1.
One who occupies the same pew with another.

2.
An intimate associate; a companion.
Shak.


word: Pewit
definition:
Pewit

Pe"wit
(?)
n.
[Prob. of imitative origin; cf. OD. piewit, D. kievit, G. kibitz.]
(Zool.)
(a)
The lapwing.
(b)
The European black-headed, or laughing, gull (Xema ridibundus). See under Laughing.
(c)
The pewee.
[Written also peevit, peewit, pewet.]


word: Pewter
definition:
Pewter

Pew"ter
(pū"tẽr)
n.
[OE. pewtyr, OF. peutre, peautre, piautre: cf. D. peauter, piauter, It. peltro, Sp. & Pg. peltre, LL. peutreum, pestrum.  Cf. Spelter.]
1.
A hard, tough, but easily fusible, alloy, originally consisting of tin with a little lead, but afterwards modified by the addition of copper, antimony, or bismuth.

2.
Utensils or vessels made of pewter, as dishes, porringers, drinking vessels, tankards, pots.

&hand_; Pewter was formerly much used for domestic utensils. Inferior sorts contain a large proportion of lead.


word: Pewterer
definition:
Pewterer

Pew"ter*er
(?)
n.
One whose occupation is to make utensils of pewter; a pewtersmith.
Shak.


word: Pexity
definition:
Pexity

Pex"i*ty
(?)
n.
[L. pexitas, fr. pexus woolly, nappy, p. p. of pectere to comb.]
Nap of cloth.
[Obs.]


word: Peyer's glands
definition:
Peyer's glands

Pey"er's glands`
(?)
[So called from J. K. Peyer, who described them in 1677.]
(Anat.)
Patches of lymphoid nodules, in the walls of the small intestiness; agminated glands; -- called also Peyer's patches.  In typhoid fever they become the seat of ulcers which are regarded as the characteristic organic lesion of that disease.


word: Peytrel
definition:
Peytrel

Pey"trel
(?)
n.
[OF. peitral. See Poitrel.]
(Anc. Armor)
The breastplate of a horse's armor or harness. [Spelt also peitrel.] See Poitrel.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.


word: Peziza
definition:
Peziza

Pe*zi"za
(?)
prop. n.
[NL., corrupt. from L. pezica a sessile mushroom, fr. Gr. pe`zis, fr. pe`za, poy`s, a foot.]
(Bot.)
A genus of fungi embracing a great number of species, some of which are remarkable for their regular cuplike form and deep colors.


word: Pezizaceae
definition:
Pezizaceae

Pezizaceae
prop. n.
1.
A large natural family comprising many typical cup fungi.

Syn. -- family Pezizaceae.


word: Pezizales
definition:
Pezizales

Pezizales
prop. n.
1.
An order of mostly saprophytic fungi having cup-shaped ascocarps.

Syn. -- order Pezizales.


word: Pezizoid
definition:
Pezizoid

Pez"i*zoid
(?)
a.
[Peziza + -oid.]
(Bot.)
Resembling a fungus of the genus Peziza; having a cuplike form.


word: Pezophaps
definition:
Pezophaps

Pezophaps
prop. n.
A genus constituted by the extinct solitaire.

Syn. -- genus Pezophaps.


word: Pfalz
definition:
Pfalz

Pfalz
prop. n.
(Geog.)
A territory in southwestern Germany formerly ruled by the counts palatine.

Syn. -- Palatinate.


word: pfannkuchen
definition:
pfannkuchen

pfannkuchen
n.
[German.]
A puffy mildly sweet lemon-flavored egg mixture sprinkled with confectioners' sugar and served with jam or a wine or fruit sauce.

Syn. -- german pancake.


word: Pfennig
definition:
Pfennig

Pfen"nig
(?)
n.
pl. Pfennigs (#), G. Pfennige (#).
[G. See Penny.]
A small copper coin of Germany.  It is the hundredth part of a mark.  In 2001 it was superseded by the euro.


word: Phacellus
definition:
Phacellus

Pha*cel"lus
(?)
n.
pl. Phacelli (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. fa`kelos a bundle of fagots.]
(Zool.)
One of the filaments on the inner surface of the gastric cavity of certain jellyfishes.


word: Phacochere
definition:
Phacochere

Phac"o*chere
(?)
n.
[Gr. fako`s a lentil seed, a wart + choi^ros a pig.]
(Zool.)
The wart hog.


word: Phacolite
definition:
Phacolite

Phac"o*lite
(?)
n.
[Gr. fako`s lentil + -lite.]
(Min.)
A colorless variety of chabazite; the original was from Leipa, in Bohemia.


word: Phacops
definition:
Phacops

Pha"cops
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fako`s a lentil + 'w`ps, 'wpo`s, the eye.]
(Paleon.)
A genus of trilobites found in the Silurian and Devonian formations. Phacops bufo is one of the most common species.


word: Phaeacian
definition:
Phaeacian

Phæ*a"cian
(?)
a.
Of or pertaining to the Phæacians, a fabulous seafaring people fond of the feast, the lyre, and the dance, mentioned by Homer.


word: Phaenogamia
definition:
Phaenogamia

Phæ`no*ga"mi*a
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fai`nein to show + ga`mos marriage.]
(Bot.)
The class of flowering plants including all which have true flowers with distinct floral organs; phanerogamia.


word: Phaenogamous
definition:
Phaenogamous

Phæ*nog"a*mous
(?)
a.
(Bot.)
Having true flowers with distinct floral organs; flowering.


word: Phaeospore
definition:
Phaeospore

Phæ"o*spore
(?)
n.
[Gr. faio`s dusky + E. spore.]
(Bot.)
A brownish zoospore, characteristic of an order (Phæosporeæ) of dark green or olive-colored algæ.
Phæ`o*spor"ic (#), a.


word: Phaethon
definition:
Phaethon

Pha"ë*thon
(fā"e̝*th&obreve_;n)
prop. n.
[L., Phaëthon (in sense 1), fr. Gr. Fae`qwn, fr. fae`qein, fa`ein, to shine. See Phantom.]
1.
(Class. Myth.)
The son of Helios (Phœbus), that is, the son of light, or of the sun. He is fabled to have obtained permission to drive the chariot of the sun, in doing which his want of skill would have set the world on fire, had he not been struck with a thunderbolt by Jupiter, and hurled headlong into the river Po.

2.
(Zool.)
A genus of oceanic birds including the tropic birds.


word: Phaeton
definition:
Phaeton

Pha"ë*ton
(fā"e̝*t&obreve_;n)
n.
[F. phaéton a kind of carriage, fr. Phaéthon Phaëthon, the son of Helios. See Phaëthon.]
1.
A four-wheeled carriage (with or without a top), open, or having no side pieces, in front of the seat. It is drawn by one or two horses.

2.
See Phaëthon.

3.
(Zool.)
A handsome American butterfly (Euphydryas Phaëton syn. Melitæa Phaëton). The upper side of the wings is black, with orange-red spots and marginal crescents, and several rows of cream-colored spots; -- called also Baltimore.


word: Phagedena
definition:
Phagedena

Phag`e*de"na
(?)
n.
[L. phagedaena, Gr. fage`daina, fr. fagei^n to eat.]
(Med.)
(a)
A canine appetite; bulimia.
[Obs.]
(b)
Spreading, obstinate ulceration.


word: Phagedenical
definition:
Phagedenical

Phagedenic

{ Phag`e*den"ic (?), Phag`e*den"ic*al (?), }
a.
[L. phagedaenicus, Gr. fagedainiko`s: cf. F. phagédénique.]
(Med.)
Of, like, or pertaining to, phagedena; used in the treatment of phagedena; as, a phagedenic ulcer or medicine.
n. A phagedenic medicine.


word: phagocyte
definition:
phagocyte

phag"o*cyte
(făg"o̝*sīt)
n.
[Gr. fagei^n to eat + ky`tos a hollow vessel.]
(Physiol.)
A leucocyte which plays a part in immunity and retrogressive processes by taking up (eating), in the form of fine granules, foreign objects such as bacteria or cellular parts to be removed.  There are two principle subtypes, (1) microphages, polymorphonuclear lymphocytes which principally digest bacteria; and (2) macrophages, mononucleated cells which primarily scavenge dead tissue and degenerate cells.
Stedman.


word: Phainopepla
definition:
Phainopepla

Pha*i`no*pep"la
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. faeino`s shining + pe`plos robe.]
(Zool.)
A small crested passerine bird (Phaïnopepla nitens), native of Mexico and the Southern United States. The adult male is of a uniform glossy blue-black; the female is brownish. Called also black flycatcher.


word: Phakoscope
definition:
Phakoscope

Phak"o*scope
(?)
n.
[Gr. fako`s a lentil, or lenticular body + -scope.]
(Physiol.)
An instrument for studying the mechanism of accommodation.


word: Phalaena
definition:
Phalaena

Pha*læ"na
(fȧ*lē"nȧ)
prop. n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fa`laina, fa`llaina, a kind of moth.]
(Zool.)
A linnæan genus which included the moths in general.


word: Phalaenid
definition:
Phalaenid

Pha*læ"nid
(?)
n.
[Gr. fa`laina, fa`llaina, a kind of moth.]
(Zool.)
Any moth of the family Phalænidæ, of which the cankerworms are examples; a geometrid.


word: Phalaenopsis
definition:
Phalaenopsis

Phalaenopsis
prop. n.
A genus of ornamental epiphytic orchids of Asia and Australia.

Syn. -- genus Phalaenopsis.


word: Phalangal
definition:
Phalangal

Phalangeal

{ Pha*lan"ge*al (?), Pha*lan"gal (?), }
a.
Of or pertaining to the phalanges. See Phalanx, 2.


word: Phalanger
definition:
Phalanger

Pha*lan"ger
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. phalanger. See Phalanx.]
(Zool.)
Any marsupial belonging to Phalangista, Cuscus, Petaurus, and other genera of the family Phalangistidæ.  They are arboreal, and the species of Petaurus are furnished with lateral parachutes. See Flying phalanger, under Flying.


word: Phalangious
definition:
Phalangious

Pha*lan"gi*ous
(?)
a.
[L. phalangium a kind of venomous spider, Gr. fala`ggion, fr. fa`lagx a spider.  Cf. Phalanx.]
(Zool.)
Of or pertaining to Phalangoidea.


word: Phalangist
definition:
Phalangist

Pha*lan"gist
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
Any arboreal marsupial of the genus Phalangista.  The vulpine phalangist (Phalangista vulpina) is the largest species, the full grown male being about two and a half feet long.  It has a large bushy tail.


word: Phalangistine
definition:
Phalangistine

Phalangister

{ Phal`an*gis"ter (?), Phal`an*gis"tine (?), }
n.
(Zool.)
Same as Phalangist.


word: Phalangite
definition:
Phalangite

Phal"an*gite
(?)
n.
[Gr. falaggi`ths: cf. F. phalangite.]
A soldier belonging to a phalanx.
[Obs.]


word: Phalangoidea
definition:
Phalangoidea

Phal`an*goi"de*a
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., from Phalangium the daddy longlegs (see Phalangious) + Gr. e'i^dos form.]
(Zool.)
A division of Arachnoidea, including the daddy longlegs or harvestman (Phalangium) and many similar kinds.  They have long, slender, many-jointed legs; usually a rounded, segmented abdomen; and chelate jaws.  They breathe by tracheæ.  Called also Phalangides, Phalangidea, Phalangiida, and Opilionea.


word: Phalansterian
definition:
Phalansterian

Phal`an*ste"ri*an
(?)
a.
[F. phalanstérien, a. & n.]
Of or pertaining to phalansterianism.


word: Phalansterian₂
definition:
Phalansterian

Phal`an*ste"ri*an
n.
One who favors the system of phalansteries proposed by Fourier.


word: Phalansterianism
definition:
Phalansterianism

Phalansterism

{ Pha*lan"ster*ism (?), Phal`an*ste"ri*an*ism (?), }
n.
A system of phalansteries proposed by Fourier; Fourierism.


word: Phalanstery
definition:
Phalanstery

Phal"an*ster*y
(?)
n.
pl. -ies (#).
[F. phalanstère, fr. Gr. fa`lagx a phalanx + stereo`s firm, solid.]
1.
An association or community organized on the plan of Fourier. See Fourierism.

2.
The dwelling house of a Fourierite community.


word: Phalanx
definition:
Phalanx

Pha"lanx
(?)
n.
pl. Phalanxes (#), L. Phalanges (#).
[L., from Gr. fa`lagx.]
1.
(Gr. Antiq.)
A body of heavy-armed infantry formed in ranks and files close and deep.  There were several different arrangements, the phalanx varying in depth from four to twenty-five or more ranks of men.
phalanx
Milton.

The Grecian phalanx, moveless as a tower.
Pope.

2.
Any body of troops or men formed in close array, or any combination of people distinguished for firmness and solidity of a union.

At present they formed a united phalanx.
Macaulay.

The sheep recumbent, and the sheep that grazed,
All huddling into phalanx, stood and gazed.
Cowper.

3.
A Fourierite community; a phalanstery.

4.
(Anat.)
One of the digital bones of the hand or foot, beyond the metacarpus or metatarsus; an internode.

5.
[pl. Phalanges.]
(Bot.)
A group or bundle of stamens, as in polyadelphous flowers.


word: Phalarope
definition:
Phalarope

Phal"a*rope
(?)
n.
[Gr. falaro`s having a patch of white + poy`s, podo`s, a foot: cf. F. phalarope.]
(Zool.)
Any species of Phalaropus and allied genera of small wading birds (Grallæ), having lobate toes. They are often seen far from land, swimming in large flocks.  Called also sea goose.


word: Phalaropidae
definition:
Phalaropidae

Phalaropidae
prop. n.
A natural family of birds, consisting of the phalaropes.

Syn. -- family Phalaropidae.


word: Phalaropus
definition:
Phalaropus

Phalaropus
prop. n.
The type genus of the Phalaropidae: the phalaropes.

Syn. -- genus Phalaropus.


word: Phallaceae
definition:
Phallaceae

Phallaceae
prop. n.
A natural family of fungi consisting of the true stinkhorns.

Syn. -- family Phallaceae.


word: Phallales
definition:
Phallales

Phallales
prop. n.
An order of fungi comprising the stinkhorns and related forms whose mature hymenium is slimy and fetid; sometimes placed in the subclass Homobasidiomycetes.

Syn. -- order Phallales.


word: Phallism
definition:
Phallism

Phal"lism
(făl"lĭz'm)
n.
The worship of the generative principle in nature, symbolized by the phallus.


word: Phallus
definition:
Phallus

Phal"lus
(făl"lŭs)
n.
pl. Phalli (_;).
[L., a phallus (in sense 1), Gr. fallo`s.]
1.
The emblem of the generative power in nature, carried in procession in the Bacchic orgies, or worshiped in various ways.

2.
(Anat.)
The penis or clitoris, or the embryonic or primitive organ from which either may be derived.

3.
(Bot.)
A genus of fungi which have a fetid and disgusting odor; the stinkhorn.


word: Phanar
definition:
Phanar

Phan"ar
(făn"ȧr)
n.
[Turk. fanar, fr. NGr. fana`ri lighthouse, Gr. fana`rion lantern; -- from a lighthouse on a point projecting into the Golden Horn.]
A quarter of Constantinople which, after the Turkish conquest of the city, became the chief Greek quarter; hence, the Greek officials of Turkey, or phanariots, as a class.


word: Phanariote
definition:
Phanariote

Phanariot

{ Pha*nar"i*ot (fȧ*năr"ĭ*&obreve_;t), n. Also Pha*nar"i*ote (fȧ*năr"ĭ*&omacrt)}
[NGr. Fanariw`ths, fr. Phanar. See Phanar.]
One of the Greeks of Constantinople who after the Turkish conquest became powerful in clerical and other offices under Turkish patronage.


word: Phanerite
definition:
Phanerite

Phan"er*ite
(făn"ẽr*īt)
a.
[Gr. fanero`s visible, from fai`nein to bring to light.]
Evident; visible.

Phanerite series (Geol.), the uppermost part of the earth's crust, consisting of deposits produced by causes in obvious operation.


word: Phanerocarpae
definition:
Phanerocarpae

Phan`er*o*car"pæ
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., from Gr. fanero`s evident + karpo`s fruit (but taken to mean, ovary).]
(Zool.)
Same as Acraspeda.


word: Phanerocodonic
definition:
Phanerocodonic

Phan`er*o*co*don"ic
(?)
a.
[Gr. fanero`s evident + kw`dwn a bell.]
(Zool.)
Having an umbrella-shaped or bell-shaped body, with a wide, open cavity beneath; -- said of certain jellyfishes.


word: Phanerocrystalline
definition:
Phanerocrystalline

Phan`er*o*crys"tal*line
(?)
a.
[Gr. fanero`s visible + E. crystalline.]
(Geol.)
Distinctly crystalline; -- used of rocks. Opposed to cryptocrystalline.


word: Phanerodactyla
definition:
Phanerodactyla

Phan`er*o*dac"ty*la
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fanero`s evident + da`ktylos finger.]
(Zool.)
Same as Saururæ.


word: Phanerogamia
definition:
Phanerogamia

Phan`er*o*ga"mi*a
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fanero`s visible (fr. fai`nein to bring to light) + ga`mos marriage.]
(Bot.)
That one of the two primary divisions of the vegetable kingdom which contains the phanerogamic, or flowering, plants.


word: Phanerogamous
definition:
Phanerogamous

Phanerogamic

{ Phan`er*o*gam"ic (?), Phan`er*og"a*mous (?), }
a.
Having visible flowers containing distinct stamens and pistils; -- said of plants.


word: Phaneroglossal
definition:
Phaneroglossal

Phan`er*o*glos"sal
(?)
a.
[Gr. fanero`s evident + glw`ssa tongue.]
(Zool.)
Having a conspicious tongue; -- said of certain reptiles and insects.


word: Phantascope
definition:
Phantascope

Phan"ta*scope
(făn"tȧ*sk&omacrp)
n.
[Gr. fa`ntasma image + -scope.]
An optical instrument or toy, resembling the phenakistoscope, and illustrating the same principle; -- called also phantasmascope.


word: Phantasm
definition:
Phantasm

Phan"tasm
(?)
n.
[L. phantasma. See Phantom, and cf. Fantasm.]
[Spelt also fantasm.]
1.
An image formed by the mind, and supposed to be real or material; a shadowy or airy appearance; sometimes, an optical illusion; a phantom; a dream.

They be but phantasms or apparitions.
Sir W. Raleigh.

2.
A mental image or representation of a real object; a fancy; a notion.
Cudworth.

Figures or little features, of which the description had produced in you no phantasm or expectation.
Jer. Taylor.


word: Phantasmagoria
definition:
Phantasmagoria

Phan*tas`ma*go"ri*a
(?)
n.
[NL., from Gr. fa`ntasma a phantasm + 'agora` an assembly, fr. 'agei`rein to gather: cf. F. phantasmagorie.]
1.
An optical effect produced by a magic lantern.  The figures are painted in transparent colors, and all the rest of the glass is opaque black.  The screen is between the spectators and the instrument, and the figures are often made to appear as in motion, or to merge into one another.

2.
The apparatus by which such an effect is produced.

3.
Fig.: A medley of figures; illusive images.
phantasmagoria
Sir W. Scott.


word: Phantasmagorial
definition:
Phantasmagorial

Phan*tas`ma*go"ri*al
(?)
a.
Of, relating to, or resembling phantasmagoria; phantasmagoric.


word: Phantasmagoric
definition:
Phantasmagoric

Phan*tas`ma*gor"ic
(?)
a.
Of or pertaining to phantasmagoria; phantasmagorial.
Hawthorne.


word: Phantasmal
definition:
Phantasmal

Phan*tas"mal
(?)
a.
Pertaining to, of the nature of, or resembling, a phantasm; spectral; illusive.


word: Phantasmatography
definition:
Phantasmatography

Phan*tas`ma*tog"ra*phy
(?)
n.
[Gr. fa`ntasma, fanta`smatos, phantasm + -graphy.]
A description of celestial phenomena, as rainbows, etc.


word: Phantom
definition:
Phantom

Phan"tom
(?)
n.
[OE. fantome, fantosme, fantesme, OF. fantôme, fr. L. phantasma, Gr. fa`ntasma, fr. fai`nein to show. See Fancy, and cf. Phaëton, Phantasm, Phase.]
That which has only an apparent existence; an apparition; a specter; a phantasm; a sprite; an airy spirit; an ideal image.

Strange phantoms rising as the mists arise.
Pope.

She was a phantom of delight.
Wordsworth.

Phantom ship. See Flying Dutchman, under Flying. -- Phantom tumor (Med.), a swelling, especially of the abdomen, due to muscular spasm, accumulation of flatus, etc., simulating an actual tumor in appearance, but disappearing upon the administration of an anæsthetic.


word: Phantom₂
definition:
Phantom

Phan"tom
a.
Being, or of the nature of, a phantom.
Phantom isles are floating in the skies.
B. Taylor.


word: Phantom circuit
definition:
Phantom circuit

Phantom circuit
(Elec.)
The equivalent of an additional circuit or wire, in reality not existing, obtained by certain arrangements of real circuits, as in some multiplex telegraph systems.


word: Pharaoh
definition:
Pharaoh

Pha"raoh
(?)
n.
[Heb. par&omacrh; of Egyptian origin: cf. L. pharao, Gr. faraw`.  Cf. Faro.]
1.
A title by which the sovereigns of ancient Egypt were designated.

2.
See Faro.

Pharaoh's chicken (Zool.), the gier-eagle, or Egyptian vulture; -- so called because often sculpured on Egyptian monuments.  It is nearly white in color. -- Pharaoh's rat (Zool.), the common ichneumon.


word: Pharaonic
definition:
Pharaonic

Phar`a*on"ic
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. pharaonique.]
Of or pertaining to the Pharaohs, or kings of ancient Egypt.


word: Phare
definition:
Phare

Phare
(?)
n.
[See Pharos.]
1.
A beacon tower; a lighthouse.
[Obs.]

2.
Hence, a harbor.
Howell.


word: Pharisaical
definition:
Pharisaical

Pharisaic

{ Phar`i*sa"ic (făr`ĭ*sā"ĭk), Phar`i*sa"ic*al (-ĭ*kal), }
a.
[L. Pharisaicus, Gr. Farisai:ko`s: cf. F. pharisaïque. See Pharisee.]
1.
Of or pertaining to the Pharisees; resembling the Pharisees.
Pharisaic
Cudworth.

2.
Hence:
Addicted to external forms and ceremonies; making a show of religion without the spirit of it; ceremonial; formal; hypocritical; self-righteous.
pharisaical
Bacon.
Pharisaical
Macaulay.


word: Pharisaism
definition:
Pharisaism

Phar`i*sa"ism
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. pharisaisme.]
1.
The notions, doctrines, and conduct of the Pharisees, as a sect.
Sharp.

2.
Rigid observance of external forms of religion, without genuine piety; hypocrisy in religion; a censorious, self-righteous spirit in matters of morals or manners.
pharisaism
Hammond.


word: Pharisean
definition:
Pharisean

Phar`i*se"an
(?)
a.
[L. Pharisaeus, Gr. Farisai^os.]
Following the practice of Pharisees; Pharisaic.
[Obs.]
Pharisean
Milton.


word: Pharisee
definition:
Pharisee

Phar"i*see
(făr"ĭ*sē)
n.
[L. Pharisaeus, Gr. Farisai^os, from Heb. pārash to separate.]
One of a sect or party among the Jews, noted for a strict and formal observance of rites and ceremonies and of the traditions of the elders, and whose pretensions to superior sanctity led them to separate themselves from the other Jews.


word: Pharmaceutical
definition:
Pharmaceutical

Pharmaceutic

{ Phar`ma*ceu"tic (fär`mȧ*sū"tĭk), Phar`ma*ceu"tic*al (-tĭ*kal), }
a.
[L. pharmaceuticus, Gr. farmakeytiko`s, fr. farmakey`ein: cf. F. pharmaceutique. See Pharmacy.]
Of or pertaining to the knowledge or art of pharmacy, or to the art of preparing medicines according to the rules or formulas of pharmacy; as, pharmaceutical preparations.
Phar`ma*ceu"tic*al*ly, adv.

Pharmaceutical chemistry, that department of chemistry which ascertains or regulates the composition of medicinal substances.


word: Pharmaceutist
definition:
Pharmaceutist

Phar`ma*ceu"tist
(?)
n.
One skilled in pharmacy; a pharmacist; a druggist. See the Note under Apothecary.


word: Pharmacist
definition:
Pharmacist

Phar"ma*cist
(?)
n.
One skilled in pharmacy; a pharmaceutist; a druggist; an apothecary.


word: Pharmacodymanics
definition:
Pharmacodymanics

Phar`ma*co*dy*man"ics
(?)
n.
[Gr. fa`rmakon medicine + E. dynamics.]
That branch of pharmacology which treats of the action and the effects of medicines in the body, and also their distribution in various bodily tissues over time, and their breakdown and excretion.


word: Pharmacognosis
definition:
Pharmacognosis

Phar`ma*cog*no"sis
(?)
n.
[Gr. fa`rmakon a drug + gnw^sis a knowing.]
That branch of pharmacology which treats of unprepared medicines or simples; -- usually called pharmacognosy, and also pharmacography, and pharmacomathy.


word: Pharmacognosy
definition:
Pharmacognosy

Phar`ma*cog"no*sy
(?)
n.
1.
Pharmacognosis.

2.
The study of the distribution of, methods for finding, and properties of medically useful agents in natural sources, especially plants.


word: Pharmacolite
definition:
Pharmacolite

Phar*mac"o*lite
(?)
n.
[Gr. fa`rmakon drug, poisonous drug + -lite: cf. F. pharmacolithe.]
(Min.)
A hydrous arsenate of lime, usually occurring in silky fibers of a white or grayish color.


word: Pharmacology
definition:
Pharmacology

Phar`ma*col"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Gr. fa`rmakon drug + -logy: cf. F. pharmacologie.]
1.
The science dealing with knowledge of the preparation, use, and effects of drugs or medicines; the art of preparing medicines.

2.
A treatise on the art of preparing medicines.


word: Pharmacomathy
definition:
Pharmacomathy

Phar`ma*com"a*thy
(?)
n.
[Gr. fa`rmakon a drug + manqa`nein to learn.]
See Pharmacognosis.


word: Pharmacon
definition:
Pharmacon

Phar"ma*con
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fa`rmakon.]
A medicine or drug; also, a poison.
Dunglison.


word: Pharmacopoeia
definition:
Pharmacopoeia

Phar`ma*co*pœ"ia
(?)
n.
[NL., from Gr. farmakopoii:`a the preparation of medicines; fa`rmakon medicine + poiei^n to make.]
1.
A book or treatise describing the drugs, preparations, etc., used in medicine; especially, one that is issued by official authority and considered as an authoritative standard.

2.
A chemical laboratory.
[Obs.]
Dunglison.


word: Pharmacopolist
definition:
Pharmacopolist

Phar`ma*cop"o*list
(?)
n.
[L. pharmacopola, Gr. farmakopw`lhs; fa`rmakon medicine + pwlei^n to sell.]
One who sells medicines; an apothecary.


word: Pharmacosiderite
definition:
Pharmacosiderite

Phar`ma*co*sid"er*ite
(?)
n.
[Gr. fa`rmakon drug, poison + E. siderite.]
(Min.)
A hydrous arsenate of iron occurring in green or yellowish green cubic crystals; cube ore.


word: Pharmacy
definition:
Pharmacy

Phar"ma*cy
(?)
n.
[OE. fermacie, OF. farmacie, pharmacie, F. pharmacie, Gr. farmakei`a, fr. farmakey`ein to administer or use medicines, fr. fa`rmakon medicine.]
1.
The art or practice of preparing and preserving drugs, and of compounding and dispensing medicines according to prescriptions of physicians; the occupation of an apothecary or a pharmaceutical chemist.

2.
A place where medicines are compounded; a drug store; an apothecary's shop.


word: Pharology
definition:
Pharology

Pha*rol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Gr. fa`ros a lighthouse + -logy.]
The art or science which treats of lighthouses and signal lights.


word: Pharos
definition:
Pharos

Pha"ros
(?)
n.
[L., fr. Gr. fa`ros, fr. Fa`ros an island in the Bay of Alexandria, where king Ptolemy Philadelphus built a famous lighthouse, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.]
A lighthouse or beacon for the guidance of seamen.

He . . . built a pharos, or lighthouse.
Arbuthnot.


word: Pharyngeal
definition:
Pharyngeal

Phar`yn*ge"al
(?)
a.
[See Pharynx.]
(Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the pharynx; in the region of the pharynx.


word: Pharyngeal₂
definition:
Pharyngeal

Phar`yn*ge"al
n.
(Anat.)
A pharyngeal bone or cartilage; especially, one of the lower pharyngeals, which belong to the rudimentary fifth branchial arch in many fishes, or one of the upper pharyngeals, or pharyngobranchials, which are the dorsal elements in the complete branchial arches.


word: Pharyngitis
definition:
Pharyngitis

Phar`yn*gi"tis
(?)
n.
[NL. See Pharynx, and -itis.]
(Med.)
Inflammation of the pharynx.


word: Pharyngobranchial
definition:
Pharyngobranchial

Pha*ryn`go*bran"chi*al
(?)
a.
[Pharynx + branchial.]
(Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the pharynx and the branchiæ; -- applied especially to the dorsal elements in the branchial arches of fishes. See Pharyngeal.
n. A pharyngobranchial, or upper pharyngeal, bone or cartilage.


word: Pharyngobranchii
definition:
Pharyngobranchii

Pha*ryn`go*bran"chi*i
(?)
n. pl.
[NL. See Pharynx, and Branchia.]
(Zool.)
Same as Leptocardia.


word: Pharyngognathi
definition:
Pharyngognathi

Phar`yn*gog"na*thi
(?)
n. pl.
[NL. See Pharynx, and Gnathic.]
(Zool.)
A division of fishes in which the lower pharyngeal bones are united.  It includes the scaroid, labroid, and embioticoid fishes.


word: Pharyngolaryngeal
definition:
Pharyngolaryngeal

Pha*ryn`go*lar`yn*ge"al
(?)
a.
[Pharynx + laryngeal.]
Of or pertaining both to pharynx and the larynx.


word: Pharyngopneusta
definition:
Pharyngopneusta

Pha*ryn`gop*neus"ta
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fa`rygx the pharynx + pnei^n to breathe.]
(Zool.)
A group of invertebrates including the Tunicata and Enteropneusta.
Pha*ryn`gop*neus"tal (#), a.


word: Pharyngotome
definition:
Pharyngotome

Pha*ryn"go*tome
(?)
n.
(Surg.)
An instrument for incising or scarifying the tonsils, etc.


word: Pharyngotomy
definition:
Pharyngotomy

Phar`yn*got"o*my
(?)
n.
[Pharynx + Gr. te`mnein to cut: cf. F. pharyngotomie.]
(Surg.)
(a)
The operation of making an incision into the pharynx, to remove a tumor or anything that obstructs the passage.
(b)
Scarification or incision of the tonsils.


word: Pharynx
definition:
Pharynx

Phar"ynx
(?)
n.
pl. pharynges (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. fa`rygx, fa`ryggos: cf. F. pharynx.]
(Anat.)
The part of the alimentary canal between the cavity of the mouth and the esophagus.  It has one or two external openings through the nose in the higher vertebrates, and lateral branchial openings in fishes and some amphibias.


word: Phascolarctos
definition:
Phascolarctos

Phascolarctos
prop. n.
A genus of animals consisting of the koalas.

Syn. -- genus Phascolarctos.


word: Phascolome
definition:
Phascolome

Phas"co*lome
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; pouch + _; mouse.]
(Zool.)
A marsupial of the genus Phascolomys; a wombat.


word: Phase
definition:
Phase

Phase
(fāz)
n.
pl. Phases (fāz"ĕz).
[NL. phasis, Gr. fa`sis, fr. fai`nein to make to appear: cf. F. phase. See Phenomenon, Phantom, and Emphasis.]
1.
That which is exhibited to the eye; the appearance which anything manifests, especially any one among different and varying appearances of the same object.

2.
Any appearance or aspect of an object of mental apprehension or view; as, the problem has many phases.

3.
(Astron.)
A particular appearance or state in a regularly recurring cycle of changes with respect to quantity of illumination or form of enlightened disk; as, the phases of the moon or planets. See Illust. under Moon.

4.
(Physics)
Any one point or portion in a recurring series of changes, as in the changes of motion of one of the particles constituting a wave or vibration; one portion of a series of such changes, in distinction from a contrasted portion, as the portion on one side of a position of equilibrium, in contrast with that on the opposite side.

5.
(Phys. Chem.)
A homogenous, physically distinct portion of matter in a system not homogeneous; as, the three phases, ice, water, and aqueous vapor; in a mixture of gasoline and water, the gasoline will settle as the upper phase.  A phase may be either a single chemical substance or a mixture, as of gases.

6.
(Zool.)
In certain birds and mammals, one of two or more color variations characteristic of the species, but independent of the ordinary seasonal and sexual differences, and often also of age.  Some of the herons which appear in white and colored phases, and certain squirrels which are sometimes uniformly blackish instead of the usual coloration, furnish examples.  Color phases occur also in other animals, notably in butterflies.

7.
(Physics)
the relation at any instant of any cyclically varying physical quantity, such as voltage in an A.C. circuit, an electromagnetic wave, a sound wave, or a rotating object, to its initial value as expressed as a fractional part of the complete cycle. It is usually expressed in angular measure, the complete cycle being 360°.   Such periodic variations are generally well represented by sine curves; and phase relations are shown by the relative positions of the crests and hollows of such curves.  Magnitudes which have the same phase are said to be in phase.
The concept of phase is also applied generally to any periodically varying phenomenon, as the cycle of daylight.  One person who sleeps during the day and another who sleeps at night may be said to be out of phase with each other.

8.
Specifically:
(Elec.)
The relation at any instant of a periodically varying electric magnitude, as electro-motive force, a current, etc., to its initial value as expressed in factorial parts of the complete cycle.  It is usually expressed in angular measure, the cycle being four right angles, or 360°.


word: Phase₂
definition:
Phase

Phase
(fāz)
v. t.
[Cf. Feeze.]
To disturb the composure of; to disconcert; to nonplus; -- an older spelling, now replaced by faze.
[Colloq., Archaic]

Syn. -- faze.


word: Phase converter
definition:
Phase converter

Phase converter
(Elec.)
A machine for converting an alternating current into an alternating current of a different number of phases and the same frequency.


word: Phase displacement
definition:
Phase displacement

Phase displacement
(Elec.)
A charge of phase whereby an alternating current attains its maximum later or earlier. An inductance would cause a lag, a capacity would cause an advance, in phase.


word: Phase in
definition:
Phase in

Phase" in`
(fāz" ĭn`)
v. t.
To begin an activity or to incorporate new elements or replace older elements of an activity in steps, or by degrees.


word: Phasel
definition:
Phasel

Pha"sel
(?)
n.
[L. phaselus, phaseolus, Gr. _;, _;: cf. F. phaséole, faséole.  Cf. Fesels.]
The French bean, or kidney bean.


word: Phasemeter
definition:
Phasemeter

Phase meter

{ Phase meter, or Phase"me`ter }
n.
(Elec.)
A device for measuring the difference in phase of two alternating currents of electromotive forces.


word: Phaseolus
definition:
Phaseolus

Pha*se"o*lus
(?)
prop. n.
[L.]
(Bot.)
A genus of leguminous plants, including the Lima bean, the kidney bean, the scarlet runner, etc. See Bean.


word: Phaseomannite
definition:
Phaseomannite

Pha`se*o*man"nite
(?)
n.
[So called because found in the unripe fruit of the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).]
(Chem.)
Same as Inosite.


word: Phase out
definition:
Phase out

Phase" out`
(fāz" out`)
v. t.
To halt (an activity) in steps, or gradually; as, to phase out use of 386-based PC's.


word: Phase rule
definition:
Phase rule

Phase rule
(Phys. Chem.)
A generalization with regard to systems of chemical equilibrium, discovered by Prof. J. Willard Gibbs.  It may be stated thus: The degree of variableness (number of degrees of freedom) of a system is equal to the number of components minus the number of phases, plus two.  Thus, if the components be salt and water, and the phases salt, ice, saturated solution, and vapor, the system is invariant, that is, there is only one set of conditions under which these four phases can exist in equilibrium.  If only three phases be considered, the system is univariant, that is, the fixing of one condition, as temperature, determines the others.


word: Phase splitter
definition:
Phase splitter

Phase splitter
(Elec.)
A device by which a single-phase current is split into two or more currents differing in phase. It is used in starting single-phase induction motors.


word: Phase splitting
definition:
Phase splitting

Phase splitting
(Elec.)
The dephasing of the two parts of a single alternating current in two dissimilar branches of a given circuit.


word: Phasianidae
definition:
Phasianidae

Phasianidae
prop. n.
A natural family of fowl including the pheasants, quails, and partridges.

Syn. -- family Phasianidae.


word: Phasianus
definition:
Phasianus

Phasianus
prop. n.
The type genus of the Phasianidae: the typical pheasants.

Syn. -- genus Phasianus.


word: Phasing current
definition:
Phasing current

Phasing current
The momentary current between two alternating-current generators when juxtaposed in parallel and not agreeing exactly in phase or period.


word: Phasing transformer
definition:
Phasing transformer

Phasing transformer
Any of several transformers (there must be at least two) for changing phase.


word: Phasma
definition:
Phasma

Phasm

{ Phasm (?), Phas"ma (?), }
n.
[L. phasma, Gr. fa`sma. See Phase.]
An apparition; a phantom; an appearance.
[R.]
Hammond. Sir T. Herbert.


word: Phasmatidae
definition:
Phasmatidae

Phasmatidae
prop. n.
A natural family consisting of the stick insects.

Syn. -- Phasmidae, family Phasmidae, family Phasmatidae.


word: Phasmatodea
definition:
Phasmatodea

Phasmatodea
n.
1.
in some classifications considered a suborder of Orthoptera: stick insects; leaf insects.

Syn. -- Phasmida, order Phasmida, order Phasmatodea.


word: Phasmid
definition:
Phasmid

Phas"mid
(?)
n.
[See Phasm. Probably so called from its mimicking, or appearing like, inanimate objects.]
(Zool.)
Any orthopterous insect of the family Phasmidæ, as a leaf insect or a stick insect.


word: Phasmidae
definition:
Phasmidae

Phasmidae
n.
1.
Same as phasmatidae; the stick insects.

Syn. -- family Phasmidae, Phasmatidae, family Phasmatidae.


word: Phasmidia
definition:
Phasmidia

Phasmidia
prop. n.
One of two subgroups of Nematoda used in some classification systems.

Syn. -- class Phasmidia.


word: Phassachate
definition:
Phassachate

Phas"sa*chate
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; the wood pigeon + _; the agate.]
(Min.)
The lead-colored agate; -- so called in reference to its color.


word: Phatagin
definition:
Phatagin

Phat"a*gin
(?)
n.
[Cf. Gr. _;; perhaps from native name.]
(Zool.)
The long-tailed pangolin (Manis tetradactyla); -- called also ipi.


word: Ph.D.
definition:
Ph.D.

PhD

PhD, Ph.D.
n.
[Abbrfev. from L., Philosophae Doctor.]
A scholastic degree awarded for study beyond college; the Doctorate degree in Philosophy.  In America it is usually based on at least 3 years graduate study and a dissertation; the doctorate is the highest degree awarded by a graduate school, and is awarded in other fields, such as Doctor of Arts.  The Ph.D. is broadly applicable, as in most fields of science and technology; -- the term philosophy being derived from an earlier label for experimental science as Natural Philosophy.

Syn. -- Doctor of Philosophy.


word: Pheasant
definition:
Pheasant

Pheas"ant
(fĕz"ant)
n.
[OE. fesant, fesaunt, OF. faisant, faisan, F. faisan, L. phasianus, Gr. fasiano`s (sc. 'o`rnis) the Phasian bird, pheasant, fr. Fa`sis a river in Colchis or Pontus.]
1.
(Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of large gallinaceous birds of the genus Phasianus, and many other genera of the family Phasianidæ, found chiefly in Asia.

&hand_; The common pheasant, or English pheasant (Phasianus Colchicus) is now found over most of temperate Europe, but was introduced from Asia. The ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus torquatus) and the green pheasant (Phasianus versicolor) have been introduced into Oregon.  The golden pheasant (Thaumalea picta) is one of the most beautiful species. The silver pheasant (Euplocamus nychthemerus) of China, and several related species from Southern Asia, are very beautiful.

2.
(Zool.)
The ruffed grouse.
[Southern U.S.]

&hand_; Various other birds are locally called pheasants, as the lyre bird, the leipoa, etc.

Fireback pheasant. See Fireback. -- Gold pheasant, or Golden pheasant (Zool.), a Chinese pheasant (Thaumalea picta), having rich, varied colors. The crest is amber-colored, the rump is golden yellow, and the under parts are scarlet. -- Mountain pheasant (Zool.), the ruffed grouse. [Local, U.S.] -- Pheasant coucal (Zool.), a large Australian cuckoo (Centropus phasianus). The general color is black, with chestnut wings and brown tail. Called also pheasant cuckoo. The name is also applied to other allied species. -- Pheasant duck. (Zool.) (a) The pintail. (b) The hooded merganser. -- Pheasant parrot (Zool.), a large and beautiful Australian parrakeet (Platycercus Adelaidensis). The male has the back black, the feathers margined with yellowish blue and scarlet, the quills deep blue, the wing coverts and cheeks light blue, the crown, sides of the neck, breast, and middle of the belly scarlet. -- Pheasant's eye. (Bot.) (a) A red-flowered herb (Adonis autumnalis) of the Crowfoot family; -- called also pheasant's-eye Adonis. (b) The garden pink (Dianthus plumarius); -- called also Pheasant's-eye pink. -- Pheasant shell (Zool.), any marine univalve shell of the genus Phasianella, of which numerous species are found in tropical seas. The shell is smooth and usually richly colored, the colors often forming blotches like those of a pheasant. -- Pheasant wood. (Bot.) Same as Partridge wood (a), under Partridge. -- Sea pheasant (Zool.), the pintail. -- Water pheasant. (Zool.) (a) The sheldrake. (b) The hooded merganser.


word: Pheasantry
definition:
Pheasantry

Pheas"ant*ry
(fĕz"ant*r&ybreve_;)
n.
[Cf. F. faisanderie.]
A place for keeping and rearing pheasants.
Gwilt.


word: Phelloderm
definition:
Phelloderm

Phel"lo*derm
(?)
n.
[Gr. fello`s cork + -derm.]
(Bot.)
A layer of green parenchymatous cells formed on the inner side of the phellogen.


word: Phellogen
definition:
Phellogen

Phel"lo*gen
(?)
n.
[Gr. fello`s cork + -gen.]
(Bot.)
The tissue of young cells which produces cork cells.


word: Phelloplastics
definition:
Phelloplastics

Phel`lo*plas"tics
(?)
n.
[Gr. fello`s cork + pla`ssein to mold.]
Art of modeling in cork.


word: Phenacetine
definition:
Phenacetine

Phenacetin

{ Phe*nac"e*tin, Phe*nac"e*tine }
(?)
n.
[Phenyl + acetic + -in.]
(Pharm.)
A white, crystalline compound, C10H13O2N, once used in medicine principally as an antipyretic.  It is now seldom used because of serious side effects.

Syn. -- N-(4-ethoxyphenyl)acetamide, p-acetophenetidide, p-ethoxyacetanilide, acetophenetidin, para-acetphenetidin, p-acetophenetide.


word: Phenacite
definition:
Phenacite

Phen"a*cite
(?)
n.
[Gr. fe`nax, fe`nakos, impostor, deceiver.]
(Min.)
A glassy colorless mineral occurring in rhombohedral crystals, sometimes used as a gem.  It is a silicate of glucina, and receives its name from its deceptive similarity to quartz.


word: Phenakistoscope
definition:
Phenakistoscope

Phen`a*kis"to*scope
(?)
n.
[Gr. fenakisth`s a deceiver + -scope.]
A revolving disk on which figures drawn in different relative attitudes are seen successively, so as to produce the appearance of an object in actual motion, as an animal leaping, etc., in consequence of the persistence of the successive visual impressions of the retina.  It is often arranged so that the figures may be projected upon a screen.


word: Phenalgin
definition:
Phenalgin

Phe*nal"gin
(?)
n.
[Phenyl + analgetic + -in.]
(Pharm.)
An ammoniated compound of phenyl and acetamide, used as an analgesic and antipyretic.  It resembles phenacetin in its therapeutic action.


word: Phenanthrene
definition:
Phenanthrene

Phe*nan"threne
(?)
n.
[Phenyl + antracene.]
(Chem.)
A complex hydrocarbon, C14H10, found in coal tar, and obtained as a white crystalline substance with a bluish fluorescence.


word: Phenanthridine
definition:
Phenanthridine

Phe*nan"thri*dine
(?)
n.
[Phenanthrene + pyridine.]
(Chem.)
A nitrogenous hydrocarbon base, C13H9N, analogous to phenanthrene and quinoline.


word: Phenanthroline
definition:
Phenanthroline

Phe*nan"thro*line
(?)
n.
[Phenanthrene + quinoline.]
(Chem.)
Either of two metameric nitrogenous hydrocarbon bases, C12H8N2, analogous to phenanthridine, but more highly nitrogenized.


word: Phenetol
definition:
Phenetol

Phe"ne*tol
(?)
n.
[Phenyl + ethyl + L. oleum oil.]
(Chem.)
The ethyl ether of phenol, obtained as an aromatic liquid, C6H5.O.C2H5.


word: Phenic
definition:
Phenic

Phe"nic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, phenyl or phenol.

Phenic acid (Chem.), a phenol. [Obsoles.]


word: Phenicine
definition:
Phenicine

Phen"i*cine
(?)
n.
[Gr. foi^nix purple red: cf. F. phénicine.]
(Chem.)
(a)
A purple powder precipitated when a sulphuric solution of indigo is diluted with water.
(b)
A coloring matter produced by the action of a mixture of strong nitric and sulphuric acids on phenylic alcohol.
Watts.


word: Phenicious
definition:
Phenicious

Phe*ni"cious
(?)
a.
[L. phoeniceus, Gr. foini`keos, from foi^nix purple red.]
Of a red color with a slight mixture of gray.
Dana.


word: Phenicopter
definition:
Phenicopter

Phen`i*cop"ter
(?)
n.
[L. phoenicopterus, Gr. foiniko`pteros, i. e., red-feathered; foi^nix, foi`nikos, purple red + ptero`n feather: cf. F. phénicoptère.]
(Zool.)
A flamingo.


word: Phenix
definition:
Phenix

Phe"nix
(?)
n.
pl. Phenixes (#).
[L. phoenix, Gr. foi^nix.]
[Written also phœnix.]
1.
(Gr. Myth.)
A bird fabled to exist single, to be consumed by fire by its own act, and to rise again from its ashes.  Hence, an emblem of immortality.

2.
(Astron.)
A southern constellation.

3.
A marvelous person or thing.
[R.]
Latimer.

4.
A person or thing that suffered destruction or defeat and was restored to its former state.

to rise like a phoenix, to resume an endeavor after an apparently final defeat.


word: Phenocryst
definition:
Phenocryst

Phe"no*cryst
(?)
n.
[Gr. fai`nesqai to appear + kry`stallos crystal.]
(Geol.)
One of the prominent embedded crystals of a porphyry.


word: Phenogamous
definition:
Phenogamous

Phenogamic

Phenogamian

{ Phen`o*ga"mi*an (?), Phen`o*gam"ic (?), Phe*nog"a*mous (?) }
a.
Same as Phænogamian, Phænogamic, etc.


word: Phenol
definition:
Phenol

Phe"nol
(fē"n&omacrl; 277)
n.
[Gr. fai`nein to show + -ol: cf. F. phénol.]
(Chem.)
1.
A white or pinkish crystalline substance, C6H5OH, produced by the destructive distillation of many organic bodies, as wood, coal, etc., and obtained from the heavy oil from coal tar.

&hand_; It has a peculiar odor, somewhat resembling creosote, which is a complex mixture of phenol derivatives.  It is of the type of alcohols, and is called also phenyl alcohol, but has acid properties, and hence is popularly called carbolic acid, and was formerly called phenic acid.  It is a powerful caustic poison, and in dilute solution has been used as an antiseptic.

2.
Any one of the series of hydroxyl derivatives of which phenol proper is the type.

Glacial phenol (Chem.), pure crystallized phenol or carbolic acid. -- Phenol acid (Chem.), any one of a series of compounds which are at once a derivative of phenol and an organic acid; thus, salicylic acid is a phenol acid. -- Phenol alcohol (Chem.), any one of series of derivatives of phenol and carbinol which have the properties of both combined; thus, saligenin is a phenol alcohol. -- Phenol aldehyde (Chem.), any one of a series of compounds having both phenol and aldehyde properties. -- Phenol phthalein. See phenolphthalein.


word: Phenology
definition:
Phenology

Phe*nol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Contracted from Phenomenology.]
(Biol.)
The science of the relations between climate and periodic biological phenomena, as the migrations and breeding of birds, the flowering and fruiting of plants, etc.
Phe`no*log"ic*al (#), a. -- Phe`no*log"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Phe*nol"o*gist (#), n.


word: Phenol phthalein
definition:
Phenol phthalein

Phenolphthalein

Phe`nol*phthal"e*in (?), or Phenol phthalein.
n.
(Chem.)
A white or yellowish white crystalline substance, C20H14O4, formed by condensation of the anhydride of phthalic acid and phenol. Its solution in alkalies is brilliant red, but is decolorized by acids.  This reaction, being very delicate, is used as a pH indicator.  It is sometimes used as a laxative in veterinary medicine.


word: Phenomenal
definition:
Phenomenal

Phe*nom"e*nal
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. phénoménal.]
Relating to, or of the nature of, a phenomenon; hence, extraordinary; wonderful; as, a phenomenal memory.
Phe*nom"e*nal*ly, adv.


word: Phenomenalism
definition:
Phenomenalism

Phe*nom"e*nal*ism
(?)
n.
(Metaph.)
That theory which limits positive or scientific knowledge to phenomena only, whether material or spiritual.


word: Phenomenology
definition:
Phenomenology

Phe*nom`e*nol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Phenomenon + -logy: cf. F. phénoménologie.]
A description, history, or explanation of phenomena.
phenomenology
Sir W. Hamilton.


word: Phenomenon
definition:
Phenomenon

Phe*nom"e*non
(?)
n.
pl. Phenomena (#).
[L. phaenomenon, Gr. faino`menon, fr. fai`nesqai to appear, fai`nein to show. See Phantom.]
1.
An appearance; anything visible; whatever, in matter or spirit, is apparent to, or is apprehended by, observation; as, the phenomena of heat, light, or electricity; phenomena of imagination or memory.

In the phenomena of the material world, and in many of the phenomena of mind.
Stewart.

2.
That which strikes one as strange, unusual, or unaccountable; an extraordinary or very remarkable person, thing, or occurrence; as, a musical phenomenon.


word: Phenose
definition:
Phenose

Phe"nose`
(?)
n.
[Phenyl + dextrose.]
(Chem.)
A sweet amorphous deliquescent substance obtained indirectly from benzene, and isometric with, and resembling, dextrose.


word: phenotype
definition:
phenotype

phenotype
n.
(Biology)
The observable characteristics of an organism, resulting from the genetic characteristics influenced by a particular environment.   Contrasted with genotype.


word: phenotypical
definition:
phenotypical

phenotypic

phenotypic phenotypical
adj.
(Biology)
Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a phenotype; as, phenotypic profile.   Contrasted with genotypic.


word: Phenyl
definition:
Phenyl

Phe"nyl
(?)
n.
[Gr.  fai`nein to bring to light + -yl: cf. F. phényle.  So called because it is a by-product of illuminating gas.]
(Chem.)
A hydrocarbon radical (C6H5) regarded as the essential residue of benzene, and the basis of an immense number of aromatic derivatives.

Phenyl hydrate (Chem.), phenol or carbolic acid. -- Phenyl hydrazine (Chem.), a nitrogenous base (C6H5.NH.NH2) produced artificially as a colorless oil which unites with acids, ketones, etc., to form easily crystallized compounds.  It is used in organic chemistry, particulary to isolate compounds in pure form for analysis.


word: phenylacetamide
definition:
phenylacetamide

phenylacetamide
n.
A white crystalline compound used as an analgesic and also as an antipyretic.

Syn. -- acetanilide, acetanilid.


word: Phenylamine
definition:
Phenylamine

Phe`nyl*am"ine
(?)
n.
[Phenyl + amine.]
(Chem.)
Any one of certain class of organic bases regarded as formed from ammonia by the substitution of phenyl for hydrogen.


word: Phenylene
definition:
Phenylene

Phe"nyl*ene
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A hypothetic radical (C6H4) occurring in certain derivatives of benzene; as, phenylene diamine.


word: Phenylic
definition:
Phenylic

Phe*nyl"ic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, phenyl.

Phenylic alcohol (Chem.), phenol.


word: Pheon
definition:
Pheon

Phe"on
(?)
n.
[Prob. from Old French.]
(Her.)
A bearing representing the head of a dart or javelin, with long barbs which are engrailed on the inner edge.


word: Phial
definition:
Phial

Phi"al
(fī"al)
n.
[F. fiole, L. phiala a broad, flat, shallow cup or bowl, Gr. fia`lh. cf. Vial.]
A glass vessel or bottle, especially a small bottle for medicines; a vial.


word: Phial₂
definition:
Phial

Phi"al
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Phialed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Phialing.]
To put or keep in, or as in, a phial.

Its phial'd wrath may fate exhaust.
Shenstone.


word: Philadelphia lawyer
definition:
Philadelphia lawyer

Philadelphia lawyer
A lawyer knowledgeable about the most detailed and minute points of law, especially one with an exceptional propensity and ability to exploit fine technical points of law for the client's advantage.
[U. S.]


word: Philadelphian
definition:
Philadelphian

Phil`a*del"phi*an
(?)
a.
[Gr. filadelfia brotherly love, from fila`delfos brotherly; fi`los loved, loving, friendly + 'adelfo`s brother.]
Of or pertaining to Ptolemy Philadelphus, or to one of the cities named Philadelphia, esp. the modern city in Pennsylvania.


word: Philadelphian₂
definition:
Philadelphian

Phil`a*del"phi*an
n.
1.
A native or an inhabitant of Philadelphia.

2.
(Eccl. Hist.)
One of a society of mystics of the seventeenth century, -- called also the Family of Love.
Tatler.


word: philadelphus
definition:
philadelphus

philadelphus
n.
Any of various chiefly deciduous ornamental shrubs of the genus Philadelphus having white sweet-scented flowers, single or in clusters; it is widely grown in temperate regions.


word: Philalethist
definition:
Philalethist

Phil`a*le"thist
(?)
n.
[Philo- + Gr. 'alh`qeia truth.]
A lover of the truth.
[Obs.]
Brathwait.


word: Philander
definition:
Philander

Phi*lan"der
(?)
v. i.
[Gr. fi`landros fond of men; fi`los loving + 'anh`r man.]
To make love to women; to play the male flirt.

You can't go philandering after her again.
G. Eliot.


word: Philander₃
definition:
Philander

Phi*lan"der
n.
(Zool.)
(a)
A South American opossum (Didelphys philander).
(b)
An Australian bandicoot (Perameles lagotis).


word: Philanthropical
definition:
Philanthropical

Philanthropic

{ Phil`an*throp"ic (?), Phil`an*throp"ic*al (?), }
a.
[Cf. F. philanthropique.]
Of or pertaining to philanthropy; characterized by philanthropy; loving or helping mankind; as, a philanthropic enterprise.
Phil`an*throp"ic*al*ly, adv.


word: Philanthropinism
definition:
Philanthropinism

Phil`an*throp"i*nism
(?)
n.
A system of education on so-called natural principles, attempted in Germany in the last century by Basedow, of Dessau.


word: Philanthropist
definition:
Philanthropist

Phi*lan"thro*pist
(?)
n.
[Gr. fila`nqrwpos; fi`los loving + 'a`nqrwpos man: cf. F. philanthrope.]
1.
One who practices philanthropy; one who loves mankind, and seeks to promote the good of others; especially, a wealthy individual who donates large amounts of money to charitable or philanthropic causes.  Opposite of misanthrope.


word: Philanthropistic
definition:
Philanthropistic

Phi*lan`thro*pis"tic
(?)
a.
Pertaining to, or characteristic of, a philanthropist.
[R.]
Carlyle.


word: Philanthropy
definition:
Philanthropy

Phi*lan"thro*py
(?)
n.
[L. philanthropia, Gr. filanqrwpi`a: cf. F. philanthropie.]
Love to mankind; benevolence toward the whole human family; universal good will; desire and readiness to do good to all men; -- opposed to misanthropy.
Jer. Taylor.

2.
An active effort to promote human welfare; humanitarian activity.  in this sense, it is an action, not merely a state of mind.

3.
An organization whose purpose is to engage in philanthropy(2), and is supported by funds from one or a small number of wealthy individuals; a type of charity, the source of whose funds is typically from a wealthy individual or a corporation, or a trust fund established by a wealthy individual.  It is distinguished from other charitable organizations in that the source of funds of other charities may come from a large number of sources, or from public solicitation.


word: Philatelist
definition:
Philatelist

Phi*lat"e*list
(?)
n.
One versed in philately; one who collects postage stamps, as a hobby or for investment; a stamp collector.


word: Philately
definition:
Philately

Phi*lat"e*ly
(?)
n.
[Philo- + Gr. 'ate`leia exemption from tax; cf. frank to send free.]
The collection of postage stamps of various issues.


word: Philathea
definition:
Philathea

Phi*la"the*a
(?)
n.
[Coined from Gr. fi`los loving + 'alh`qeia truth.]
An international, interdenominational organization of Bible classes of young women.


word: Philatory
definition:
Philatory

Phil"a*to*ry
(?)
n.
[OF. filatiere, philatiere. See Phylactery.]
(Eccl.)
A kind of transparent reliquary with an ornamental top.


word: Philauty
definition:
Philauty

Phil"au*ty
(?)
n.
[Gr. filayti`a; fi`los loving + a'yto`s self.]
Self-love; selfishness.
[Obs.]
Beaumont.


word: Philharmonic
definition:
Philharmonic

Phil`har*mon"ic
(?)
a.
[Philo- + Gr. "armoni`a harmony: cf. F. philharmonique.]
Loving harmony or music.


word: Philharmonic₂
definition:
Philharmonic

Phil`har*mon"ic
n.
One who loves harmony or music;
also
(Colloq.)
short for Philharmonic Society, Philharmonic concert, Philharmonic assemblage, or the like.


word: Philhellenist
definition:
Philhellenist

Phil*hel"len*ist
n.
[Philo- + Gr. "E`llhn a Greek: cf. F. philhellène.]
A friend of Greece; one who supports the cause of the Greeks; particularly, one who supported them in their struggle for independence against the Turks; a philhellene.


word: Philip
definition:
Philip

Phil"ip
(?)
n.
[So called from their notes.]
(Zool.)
(a)
The European hedge sparrow.
(b)
The house sparrow. Called also phip.
[Prov. Eng.]


word: Philippian
definition:
Philippian

Phi*lip"pi*an
(?)
a.
Of or pertaining to Philippi, a city of ancient Macedonia.
n. A native or an inhabitant of Philippi.


word: Philippic
definition:
Philippic

Phi*lip"pic
(?)
n.
[L. Philippiko`s belonging to Philip, Philippic, Gr. filippikos, fr. Fi`lippos Philip, fi`lippos fond of horses: cf. F. philippique.]
1.
Any one of the series of famous orations of Demosthenes, the Grecian orator, denouncing Philip, king of Macedon.

2.
Hence: Any discourse or declamation abounding in acrimonious invective.


word: Philippine
definition:
Philippine

Philippine
n.
The official language of the Philippines,  based on Tagalog; it draws its lexicon from other Philippine languages.

Syn. -- Filipino.


word: Philippines
definition:
Philippines

Philippines
prop. n.
An East Asian country occupying the Phillipine Islands.

Syn. -- Republic of the Philippines.

2.
An archipelago off the eastern coast of Asia.

Syn. -- Philippine Islands.


word: Philippium
definition:
Philippium

Phi*lip"pi*um
(?)
n.
[NL. So named from Philippe Plantamour, of Geneva, Switzerland.]
(Chem.)
A rare and doubtful metallic element said to have been discovered in the mineral samarskite.


word: Philippize
definition:
Philippize

Phil"ip*pize
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Philippized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Philippizing.]
[Gr. _; to be on Philip's side.]
1.
To support or advocate the cause of Philip of Macedon.

2.
[See Philippic.]
To write or speak in the style of a philippic.


word: Philister
definition:
Philister

Phi*lis"ter
(?)
n.
[G.]
A Philistine; -- a cant name given to townsmen by students in German universities.


word: Philistine
definition:
Philistine

Phi*lis"tine
(?)
n.
[L. Philistinus, Heb. Phlishthī, pl. Phlishthīm.]
1.
A native or an inhabitant of ancient Philistia, a coast region of southern Palestine.

2.
A bailiff.
[Cant, Eng.]
[Obs.]
Swift.

3.
A person deficient in liberal culture and refinement; one without appreciation of the nobler aspirations and sentiments of humanity; one whose scope is limited to selfish and material interests.
[Recent]
M. Arnold.


word: Philistinism
definition:
Philistinism

Phi*lis"tin*ism
(?)
n.
The condition, character, aims, and habits of the class called Philistines. See Philistine, 3.
[Recent]
Carlyle.

On the side of beauty and taste, vulgarity; on the side of morals and feeling, coarseness; on the side of mind and spirit, unintelligence, -- this is Philistinism.
M. Arnold.


word: Phillipsite
definition:
Phillipsite

Phil"lips*ite
(?)
n.
[So named after John Phillips, an English mineralogist.]
(Min.)
A hydrous silicate of aluminia, lime, and soda, a zeolitic mineral commonly occurring in complex twin crystals, often cruciform in shape; -- called also christianite.


word: Phillygenin
definition:
Phillygenin

Phil*lyg"e*nin
(?)
n.
[Phillyrin + -gen + -in.]
(Chem.)
A pearly crystalline substance obtained by the decomposition of phillyrin.


word: Phillyrea
definition:
Phillyrea

Phil*lyr"e*a
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. _;, _;.]
(Bot.)
A genus of evergreen plants growing along the shores of the Mediterranean, and bearing a fruit resembling that of the olive.


word: Phillyrin
definition:
Phillyrin

Phil"ly*rin
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A glucoside extracted from Phillyrea as a bitter white crystalline substance. It is sometimes used as a febrifuge.


word: Philo-
definition:
Philo-

Philo-
A combining form from Gr. fi`los loving, fond of, attached to; as, philosophy, philotechnic.


word: Philogynist
definition:
Philogynist

Phi*log"y*nist
(?)
n.
[See Philogyny.]
A lover or friend of women; one who esteems woman as the higher type of humanity; -- opposed to misogynist.


word: Philogyny
definition:
Philogyny

Phi*log"y*ny
(?)
n.
[Gr. filogyni`a; fi`los loving + gynh` woman.]
Fondness for women; uxoriousness; -- opposed to misogyny.
[R.]
Byron.


word: Philologer
definition:
Philologer

Phi*lol"o*ger
(?)
n.
[Cf. L. philologus a man of letters, Gr. filo`logos, originally, fond of talking; hence, fond of learning and literature; fi`los loving + lo`gos speech, discourse.]
A philologist.
Burton.


word: Philologic
definition:
Philologic

Philological

{ Phil`o*log"ic*al (?), Phil`o*log"ic (?), }
a.
[Cf. F. philologique.]
Of or pertaining to philology.
Phil`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.


word: Philology
definition:
Philology

Phi*lol"o*gy
(fĭ*l&obreve_;l"o̝*j&ybreve_;)
n.
[L. philologia love of learning, interpretation, philology, Gr. filologi`a: cf. F. philologie. See Philologer.]
1.
Criticism; grammatical learning.
[R.]
Johnson.

2.
The study of language, especially in a philosophical manner and as a science; the investigation of the laws of human speech, the relation of different tongues to one another, and historical development of languages; linguistic science.

&hand_; Philology comprehends a knowledge of the etymology, or origin and combination of words; grammar, the construction of sentences, or use of words in language; criticism, the interpretation of authors, the affinities of different languages, and whatever relates to the history or present state of languages. It sometimes includes rhetoric, poetry, history, and antiquities.

3.
A treatise on the science of language.


word: Philomath
definition:
Philomath

Phil"o*math
(fĭl"o̝*măth)
n.
[Gr. filomaqh`s; fi`los loving, a friend + ma`qh learning, fr. maqei^n, manqa`nein, to learn.]
A lover of learning; a scholar.
Chesterfield.


word: Philomathic
definition:
Philomathic

Phil`o*math"ic
(fĭl`o̝*măth"ĭk)
a.
[Cf. F. philomathique.]
1.
Of or pertaining to philomathy.

2.
Having love of learning or letters.


word: Philomathy
definition:
Philomathy

Phi*lom"a*thy
(fĭ*l&obreve_;m"ȧ*th&ybreve_;)
n.
[Gr. filomaqi`a, filoma`qeia.]
The love of learning or letters.


word: Philomela
definition:
Philomela

Phil`o*me"la
(?)
n.
[L. philomela, Gr. filomh`la, according to the legend, from Filomh`la Philomela (daughter of Pandion, king of Athens), who was changed into a nightingale.]
1.
The nightingale; philomel.
Shak.

2.
(Zool.)
A genus of birds including the nightingales.


word: Philopena
definition:
Philopena

Phil`o*pe"na
(?)
n.
[Probably a corruption fr. G. vielliebchen, LG. vielliebken, or D. veelliebken, a philopena, literally, much loved; but influenced by Gr. fi`los a friend, and L. poena penalty, from an idea that the gift was a penalty of friendship or love.]
A present or gift which is made as a forfeit in a social game that is played in various ways; also, the game itself.
[Written also fillipeen and phillippine.]

&hand_; One of the ways may be stated as follows: A person finding a nut with two kernels eats one, and gives the other to a person of the opposite sex, and then whichever says philopena first at the next meeting wins the present.  The name is also applied to the kernels eaten.


word: Philopolemical
definition:
Philopolemical

Philopolemic

{ Phil`o*po*lem"ic (?), Phil`o*po*lem"ic*al (?), }
a.
[Gr. filopo`lemos fond of war, warlike; fi`los loving + po`lemos war.]
Fond of polemics or controversy.
[R.]


word: Philoprogenitiveness
definition:
Philoprogenitiveness

Phil`o*pro*gen"i*tive*ness
n.
[Philo- + L. progenies offspring.]
(Phren.)
The love of offspring; fondness for children.


word: Philosophaster
definition:
Philosophaster

Phi*los"o*phas`ter
(?)
n.
[L., a bad philosopher, fr. philosophus: cf. OF. philosophastre.]
A pretender to philosophy.
[Obs.]
Dr. H. More.


word: Philosophate
definition:
Philosophate

Phi*los"o*phate
(?)
v. i.
[L. philosophatus, p. p. of philosophari to philosophize.]
To play the philosopher; to moralize.
[Obs.]
Barrow.


word: Philosophation
definition:
Philosophation

Phi*los`o*pha"tion
(?)
n.
Philosophical speculation and discussion.
[Obs.]
Sir W. Petty.


word: Philosophe
definition:
Philosophe

Phil"o*sophe
(?)
n.
[F., a philosopher.]
A philosophaster; a philosopher.
[R.]
Carlyle.


word: Philosopheme
definition:
Philosopheme

Phi*los"o*pheme
(?)
n.
[Gr. filoso`fhma, from filosofei^n to love knowledge.]
A philosophical proposition, doctrine, or principle of reasoning.
[R.]

This, the most venerable, and perhaps the most ancient, of Grecian myths, is a philosopheme.
Coleridge.


word: Philosopher
definition:
Philosopher

Phi*los"o*pher
(?)
n.
[OE. philosophre, F. philosophe, L. philosophus, Gr. filo`sofos; fi`los loving + sofo`s wise.  Cf. Philosophy.]
1.
One who philosophizes; one versed in, or devoted to, philosophy.

Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoics, encountered him.
Acts xvii. 18.

2.
One who reduces the principles of philosophy to practice in the conduct of life; one who lives according to the rules of practical wisdom; one who meets or regards all vicissitudes with calmness.

3.
An alchemist.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.

Philosopher's stone, an imaginary stone which the alchemists formerly sought as the instrument of converting the baser metals into gold.


word: Philosophical
definition:
Philosophical

Philosophic

{ Phil`o*soph"ic (?), Phil`o*soph"ic*al (?), }
a.
[L. philosophicus: cf. F. philosophique.]
Of or pertaining to philosophy; versed in, or imbued with, the principles of philosophy; hence, characterizing a philosopher; rational; wise; temperate; calm; cool.
Phil`o*soph"ic*al*ly, adv.


word: Philosophism
definition:
Philosophism

Phi*los"o*phism
(fĭ*l&obreve_;s"o̝*fĭz'm)
n.
[Cf. F. philosophisme.]
Spurious philosophy; the love or practice of sophistry.
Carlyle.


word: Philosophist
definition:
Philosophist

Phi*los"o*phist
(fĭ*l&obreve_;s"o̝*fĭst)
n.
[Cf. F. philosophiste.]
A pretender in philosophy.


word: Philosophistical
definition:
Philosophistical

Philosophistic

{ Phi*los`o*phis"tic (?), Phi*los`o*phis"tic*al (?), }
a.
Of or pertaining to the love or practice of sophistry.
[R.]


word: philosophize
definition:
philosophize

phi*los"o*phize
(fĭ*l&obreve_;s"o̝*fīz)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Philosophized (fĭ*l&obreve_;s"o̝*fīzd); p. pr. & vb. n. hilosophizing (fĭ*l&obreve_;s"o̝*fī`zĭng).]
To reason like a philosopher; to search into the reason and nature of things; to investigate phenomena, and assign rational causes for their existence.

Man philosophizes as he lives. He may philosophize well or ill, but philosophize he must.
Sir W. Hamilton.


word: Philosophy
definition:
Philosophy

Phi*los"o*phy
(fĭ*l&obreve_;s"o̝*f&ybreve_;)
n.
pl. Philosophies (fĭ*l&obreve_;s"o̝*fĭz).
[OE. philosophie, F. philosophie, L. philosophia, from Gr. filosofi`a. See Philosopher.]
1.
Literally, the love of, inducing the search after, wisdom; in actual usage, the knowledge of phenomena as explained by, and resolved into, causes and reasons, powers and laws.

&hand_; When applied to any particular department of knowledge, philosophy denotes the general laws or principles under which all the subordinate phenomena or facts relating to that subject are comprehended.  Thus philosophy, when applied to God and the divine government, is called theology; when applied to material objects, it is called physics; when it treats of man, it is called anthropology and psychology, with which are connected logic and ethics; when it treats of the necessary conceptions and relations by which philosophy is possible, it is called metaphysics.

&hand_; “Philosophy has been defined: -- the science of things divine and human, and the causes in which they are contained; -- the science of effects by their causes; -- the science of sufficient reasons; -- the science of things possible, inasmuch as they are possible; -- the science of things evidently deduced from first principles; -- the science of truths sensible and abstract; -- the application of reason to its legitimate objects; -- the science of the relations of all knowledge to the necessary ends of human reason; -- the science of the original form of the ego, or mental self; -- the science of science; -- the science of the absolute; -- the science of the absolute indifference of the ideal and real.”
Sir W. Hamilton.

2.
A particular philosophical system or theory; the hypothesis by which particular phenomena are explained.

[Books] of Aristotle and his philosophie.
Chaucer.

We shall in vain interpret their words by the notions of our philosophy and the doctrines in our school.
Locke.

3.
Practical wisdom; calmness of temper and judgment; equanimity; fortitude; stoicism; as, to meet misfortune with philosophy.

Then had he spent all his philosophy.
Chaucer.

4.
Reasoning; argumentation.

Of good and evil much they argued then, . . . 
Vain wisdom all, and false philosophy.
Milton.

5.
The course of sciences read in the schools.
Johnson.

6.
A treatise on philosophy.

Philosophy of the Academy, that of Plato, who taught his disciples in a grove in Athens called the Academy. -- Philosophy of the Garden, that of Epicurus, who taught in a garden in Athens. -- Philosophy of the Lyceum, that of Aristotle, the founder of the Peripatetic school, who delivered his lectures in the Lyceum at Athens. -- Philosophy of the Porch, that of Zeno and the Stoics; -- so called because Zeno of Citium and his successors taught in the porch of the Poicile, a great hall in Athens.


word: Philostorgy
definition:
Philostorgy

Phil`o*stor"gy
(?)
n.
[Gr. filostorgi`a; fi`los loving + storgh` affection.]
Natural affection, as of parents for their children.
[R.]


word: Philotechnical
definition:
Philotechnical

Philotechnic

{ Phil`o*tech"nic (?), Phil`o*tech"nic*al (?), }
a.
[Philo- + Gr. te`chnh an art: cf. F. philotechnique.]
Fond of the arts.
[R.]


word: Philter
definition:
Philter

Phil"ter
(?)
n.
[F. philtre, L. philtrum, Gr. fi`ltron, fr. filei^n to love, fi`los dear, loving.]
A potion or charm intended to excite the passion of love.
[Written also philtre.]
Addison.


word: Philter₂
definition:
Philter

Phil"ter
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Philtered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Philtering.]
1.
To impregnate or mix with a love potion; as, to philter a draught.

2.
To charm to love; to excite to love or sexual desire by a potion.
Gov. of Tongue.


word: Phimosis
definition:
Phimosis

Phi*mo"sis
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. _; a muzzling, fr. _; muzzle.]
(Med.)
A condition of the penis in which the prepuce can not be drawn back so as to uncover the glans penis.


word: Phlebitis
definition:
Phlebitis

Phle*bi"tis
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fle`ps, flebo`s, a vein + -itis.]
(Med.)
Inflammation of a vein.


word: Phlebogram
definition:
Phlebogram

Phleb"o*gram
(?)
n.
[Gr. fle`ps, flebo`s + -gram.]
(Physiol.)
A tracing (with the sphygmograph) of the movements of a vein, or of the venous pulse.


word: Phlebolith
definition:
Phlebolith

Phlebolite

{ Phleb"o*lite (?), Phleb"o*lith (?), }
n.
[Gr. _;, _;, a vein + -lite, -lith.]
(Med.)
A small calcareous concretion formed in a vein; a vein stone.


word: Phlebology
definition:
Phlebology

Phle*bol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Gr. fle`ps, flebo`s, a vein + -logy.]
A branch of anatomy which treats of the veins.


word: Phlebotomize
definition:
Phlebotomize

Phle*bot"o*mize
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Phlebotomized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Phlebotomizing (?).]
[Cf. F. phlébotomiser.]
To let blood from by opening a vein; to bleed.
[R.]
Howell.


word: phlebotomus
definition:
phlebotomus

phlebotomus
n.
1.
A mild viral disease transmitted by the bite of the sand fly Phlebotomus papatasii.

Syn. -- sandfly fever, pappataci fever.

2.
[Capitalized]
A genus of small blood-sucking mothlike sand flies.

Syn. -- genus Phlebotomus.


word: Phlebotomy
definition:
Phlebotomy

Phle*bot"o*my
(?)
n.
[L. phlebotomia, Gr. flebotomi`a; fle`ps, flebo`s, a vein + te`mnein to cut: cf. F. phlébotomie.  Cf. Fleam.]
(Med.)
The act or practice of opening a vein for letting blood, in the treatment of disease; venesection; bloodletting.


word: Phlegethon
definition:
Phlegethon

Phleg"e*thon
(?)
n.
[L., fr. Gr. _;, prop. p. pr. of _; to blaze.]
(Class Myth.)
One of the principal rivers of Hades, in the channel of which fire flowed instead of water.
Fierce Phlegethon,
Whose waves of torrent fire inflame with rage.
Milton.


word: Phlegm
definition:
Phlegm

Phlegm
(flĕm)
n.
[F. phlegme, flegme, L. phlegma, fr. Gr. fle`gma a flame, inflammation, phlegm, a morbid, clammy humor in the body, fr. fle`gein to burn.  Cf. Phlox, Flagrant, Flame, Bleak, a., and Fluminate.]
1.
One of the four humors of which the ancients supposed the blood to be composed. See Humor.
Arbuthnot.

2.
(Physiol.)
Viscid mucus secreted in abnormal quantity in the respiratory and digestive passages.

3.
(Old Chem.)
A watery distilled liquor, in distinction from a spirituous liquor.
Crabb.

4.
Sluggishness of temperament; dullness; want of interest; indifference; coldness.

They judge with fury, but they write with phlegm.
Pope.


word: Phlegmagogue
definition:
Phlegmagogue

Phleg"ma*gogue
(?)
n.
[Gr. flegmagwgo`s carrying of phlegm; fle`gma phlegm + 'a`gein to lead.]
(Old Med.)
A medicine supposed to expel phlegm.


word: Phlegmasia
definition:
Phlegmasia

Phleg*ma"si*a
(?)
n.
[NL., from Gr. _;. See Phlegm.]
(Med.)
An inflammation; more particularly, an inflammation of the internal organs.

&VerbarPhlegmasia dolens (d&omacr"lĕnz) [NL.], milk leg.


word: Phlegmatic
definition:
Phlegmatic

Phleg*mat"ic
(?)
a.
[L. phlegmaticus, Gr. _;: cf. F. phlegmatique.]
1.
Watery.
[Obs.]
phlegmatic
Sir I. Newton.

2.
Abounding in phlegm; as, phlegmatic humors; a phlegmatic constitution.
Harvey.

3.
Generating or causing phlegm.
phlegmatic
Sir T. Browne.

4.
Not easily excited to action or passion; cold; dull; sluggish; heavy; as, a phlegmatic person.
Addison.

Phlegmatic temperament (Old Physiol.), lymphatic temperament. See under Lymphatic.


word: Phlegmon
definition:
Phlegmon

Phleg"mon
(?)
n.
[L. phlegmone, phlegmon, inflammation beneath the skin, Gr. flegmonh`, fr. fle`gein to burn: cf. F. phlegmon.]
(Med.)
Purulent inflammation of the cellular or areolar tissue.


word: Phlegmonous
definition:
Phlegmonous

Phleg"mon*ous
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. phlegmoneux.]
Having the nature or properties of phlegmon; as, phlegmonous pneumonia.
Harvey.


word: Phleum
definition:
Phleum

Phle"um
(?)
prop. n.
[NL., fr. Gr. _; a kind of marsh plant.]
(Bot.)
A genus of grasses, including the timothy (Phleum pratense), which is highly valued for hay; cat's-tail grass.
Gray.


word: Phloem
definition:
Phloem

Phlo"ëm
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; bark.]
(Bot.)
That portion of fibrovascular bundles which corresponds to the inner bark; the liber tissue; -- distinguished from xylem.


word: Phlogistic
definition:
Phlogistic

Phlo*gis"tic
(?)
a.
1.
(Old Chem.)
Of or pertaining to phlogiston, or to belief in its existence.

2.
(Med.)
Inflammatory; belonging to inflammations and fevers.


word: Phlogisticate
definition:
Phlogisticate

Phlo*gis"ti*cate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Phlogisticated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Phlogisticating.]
(Old Chem.)
To combine phlogiston with; -- usually in the form and sense of the p. p. or the adj.; as, highly phlogisticated substances.


word: Phlogistication
definition:
Phlogistication

Phlo*gis`ti*ca"tion
(?)
n.
(Old Chem.)
The act or process of combining with phlogiston.


word: Phlogiston
definition:
Phlogiston

Phlo*gis"ton
(flo̝*jĭs"t&obreve_;n; 277)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. flogisto`s burnt, set on fire, fr. flogi`zein to set on fire, to burn, fr. flo`x, flogo`s, a flame, blaze. See Phlox.]
(Old Chem.)
The former hypothetical principle of fire, or inflammability, regarded by Stahl as a chemical element; it is now known to be nonexistent.

&hand_; This was supposed to be united with combustible (phlogisticated) bodies and to be separated from incombustible (dephlogisticated) bodies, the phenomena of flame and burning being the escape of phlogiston. Soot and sulphur were regarded as nearly pure phlogiston.  The essential principle of this theory was, that combustion was a decomposition rather than the union and combination which it has since been shown to be.  This theory is now discredited and superseded by the theory of chemical reaction between oxidizable substances and oxidants as an explanation of combustion


word: Phlogogenous
definition:
Phlogogenous

Phlo*gog"e*nous
(?)
a.
[Gr. flo`x, flogo`s fire + -genous.]
(Med.)
Causing inflammation.


word: Phlogopite
definition:
Phlogopite

Phlog"o*pite
(?)
n.
[Gr. flogwpo`s firelike.]
(Min.)
A kind of mica having generally a peculiar bronze-red or copperlike color and a pearly luster.  It is a silicate of aluminia, with magnesia, potash, and some fluorine.  It is characteristic of crystalline limestone or dolomite and serpentine.  See Mica.


word: Phlogosis
definition:
Phlogosis

Phlo*go"sis
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. flo`gwsis burning heat.]
(Med.)
Inflammation of external parts of the body; erysipelatous inflammation.


word: Phloramine
definition:
Phloramine

Phlo*ram"ine
(?)
n.
[Phlorlucin + amine.]
(Chem.)
A basic amido derivative of phloroglucin, having an astringent taste.


word: Phloretic
definition:
Phloretic

Phlo*ret"ic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, or designating, an organic acid obtained by the decomposition of phloretin.


word: Phloretin
definition:
Phloretin

Phlor"e*tin
(?)
n.
[From Phlorizin.]
(Chem.)
A bitter white crystalline substance obtained by the decomposition of phlorizin, and formerly used to some extent as a substitute for quinine.


word: Phlorizin
definition:
Phlorizin

Phlor"i*zin
(?)
n.
[Gr. _;, _;, bark + "ri`za root.]
(Chem.)
A bitter white crystalline glucoside extracted from the root bark of the apple, pear, cherry, plum, etc.
[Formerly also written phloridzin.]


word: Phloroglucin
definition:
Phloroglucin

Phlor`o*glu"cin
(?)
n.
[Phloretin + Gr. glyky`s sweet.]
(Chem.)
A sweet white crystalline substance, metameric with pyrogallol, and obtained by the decomposition of phloretin, and from certain gums, as catechu, kino, etc.  It belongs to the class of phenols. [Called also phloroglucinol.]


word: Phlorol
definition:
Phlorol

Phlo"rol
(?)
n.
[Phloretic + -ol.]
(Chem.)
A liquid metameric with xylenol, belonging to the class of phenols, and obtained by distilling certain salts of phloretic acid.


word: Phlorone
definition:
Phlorone

Phlo"rone
(?)
n.
[Phlorol + quinone.]
(Chem.)
A yellow crystalline substance having a peculiar unpleasant odor, resembling the quinones, and obtained from beechwood tar and coal tar, as also by the oxidation of xylidine; -- called also xyloquinone.


word: phlox
definition:
phlox

phlox
(fl&obreve_;ks)
n.
[L., a kind of flower, fr. Gr. flo`x flame, fr. fle`gein to burn.]
(Bot.)
A genus of American herbs, having showy red, white, or purple flowers.

Phlox worm (Zool.), the larva of an American moth (Heliothis phloxiphaga).  It is destructive to phloxes. -- Phlox subulata, the moss pink. See under Moss.


word: Phlyctenular
definition:
Phlyctenular

Phlyc*ten"u*lar
(?)
a.
[Gr. _; a blister or pustule.]
(Med.)
Characterized by the presence of small pustules, or whitish elevations resembling pustules; as, phlyctenular ophthalmia.


word: phobia
definition:
phobia

pho"bi*a
(f&omacr"be̝*ȧ)
n.
Any irrational and persistent fear, whether of a situation, activity, or object;  a phobia typically leads to a strong desire to avoid the object of the phobia.

Syn. -- phobic disorder, phobic neurosis.


word: -phobia
definition:
-phobia

-pho"bi*a
(f&omacr"be̝*ȧ)
suffix
A combining form used as a suffix to designate specific phobias, such as agoraphobia (fear of public places), acrophobia (fear of heights).  The first part of the combining form is usually derived from Greek.


word: Phoca
definition:
Phoca

Pho"ca
(f&omacr"kȧ)
prop. n.
[L., a seal, fr. Gr. fw`kh.]
(Zool.)
A genus of seals. It includes the common harbor seal and allied species. See Seal.


word: phocenic
definition:
phocenic

pho*cen"ic
(fo̝*sĕn"ĭk)
a.
[Gr. fw`kaina a porpoise.]
(Chem.)
Of or pertaining to dolphin oil or porpoise oil; -- said of an acid (called also delphinic acid) subsequently found to be identical with valeric acid.
Watts.


word: Phocine
definition:
Phocine

Pho"cine
(f&omacr"sĭn)
a.
[L. phoca a seal.]
(Zool.)
Of or pertaining to the seal tribe; phocal.


word: Phocodontia
definition:
Phocodontia

Pho`co*don"ti*a
(f&omacr`ko̝*d&obreve_;n"shĭ*ȧ)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fw`kh a seal + 'odoy`s, 'odo`ntos, a tooth.]
(Zool.)
A group of extinct carnivorous whales.  Their teeth had compressed and serrated crowns.  It includes Squalodon and allied genera.


word: Phoebus
definition:
Phoebus

Phœ"bus
(fē"bŭs)
n.
[L., fr. Gr. Foi^bos, fr. foi^bos pure, bright.]
1.
(Class. Myth.)
Apollo; the sun god.

2.
The sun.
Phœbus
Shak.


word: Phoenician
definition:
Phoenician

Phœ*ni"cian
(fe̝*nĭsh"an)
prop. a.
Of or pertaining to Phœnica.
prop. n. A native or inhabitant of Phœnica.


word: Phoenicopterus
definition:
Phoenicopterus

Phœ`ni*cop"te*rus
(?)
n.
[NL. See Phenicopter.]
(Zool.)
A genus of birds which includes the flamingoes.


word: Phoenix
definition:
Phoenix

Phœ"nix
(fē"nĭks)
n.
[L., a fabulous bird. See Phenix.]
1.
Same as Phenix.
Shak.

2.
(Bot.)
[Capitalized]
A genus of palms including the date tree.


word: Pholas
definition:
Pholas

Pho"las
(?)
n.
pl. Pholades (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. fwla`s, fwla`dos, a kind of mollusk.]
(Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of marine bivalve mollusks of the genus Pholas, or family Pholadidæ.  They bore holes for themselves in clay, peat, and soft rocks.


word: Pholistoma
definition:
Pholistoma

Pholistoma
prop. n.
A genus of straggling herbs of the southwestern U.S.

Syn. -- genus Pholistoma.


word: Phonal
definition:
Phonal

Pho"nal
(f&omacr"nal)
a.
[Gr. fwnh` the voice.]
Of or relating to the voice; as, phonal structure.
Max Müller.


word: Phonascetics
definition:
Phonascetics

Pho`nas*cet"ics
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; to practice the voice; fwnh` voice + _; to practice.]
Treatment for restoring or improving the voice.


word: Phonation
definition:
Phonation

Pho*na"tion
(?)
n.
[Gr. fwnh` the voice.]
The act or process by which articulate sounds are uttered; the utterance of articulate sounds; articulate speech.


word: Phonautograph
definition:
Phonautograph

Pho*nau"to*graph
(?)
n.
[Phono- + Gr. a'yto`s self + -graph.]
(Physics)
An instrument by means of which a sound can be made to produce a visible trace or record of itself.  It consists essentially of a resonant vessel, usually of paraboloidal form, closed at one end by a flexible membrane.  A stylus attached to some point of the membrane records the movements of the latter, as it vibrates, upon a moving cylinder or plate.


word: Phone
definition:
Phone

Phone
n.
[Colloq. for Telephone.]
1.
An instrument that converts sound into signals that can be transmitted over distances and then converts received signals back into sounds; a telephone; as, I talked to him on the phone.

Syn. -- telephone, telephone set.

2.
(Phonetics)
An individual sound unit of speech without concern as to whether or not it is a phoneme of some language.  A speech sound.

Syn. -- speech sound, sound.

3.
A device for converting electric signals into sounds; it is held over or inserted into the ear.

Syn. -- earearpiece, headphone, phone.


word: phone
definition:
phone

phone
v. t.
To get or try to get into communication with, using a telephone; as, I phoned him this morning.

Syn. -- call, telephone, call up, ring.

E. T. phone home.
E. T. (the movie)


word: Phoneidoscope
definition:
Phoneidoscope

Pho*nei"do*scope
(?)
n.
[Phono- + Gr. e'i^dos form + -scope.]
(Physics)
An instrument for studying the motions of sounding bodies by optical means.  It consists of a tube across the end of which is stretched a film of soap solution thin enough to give colored bands, the form and position of which are affected by sonorous vibrations.


word: phone-in
definition:
phone-in

phone-in
n.
A radio or telephone program, or part of a program, during which the audience participates by telephone.


word: phoneme
definition:
phoneme

pho"neme
(f&omacr"ne̝m)
n.
(Linguistics)
One of a small set of speech sounds that are used by and distinguished by the speakers of a particular language.  They are combined into morphemes, words, and sentences.


word: phonemic
definition:
phonemic

pho*ne"mic
(fo̝*nē"mĭk)
adj.
(Linguistics)
Of or pertaining to a phoneme; as, phonemic analysis.


word: phonemics
definition:
phonemics

pho*ne"mics
(fo̝*nē"mĭks)
n.
(Linguistics)
The study of the sound system of a given language and the analysis and classification of its phonemes.

Syn. -- phonology.


word: Phonetic
definition:
Phonetic

Pho*net"ic
(fo̝*nĕt"ĭk)
a.
[Gr. fwnhtiko`s, fr. fwnh` a sound, tone; akin to Gr. fa`nai to speak: cf. F. phonétique. See Ban a proclamation.]
1.
Of or pertaining to the voice, or its use.

2.
Representing sounds; as, phonetic characters; -- opposed to ideographic; as, a phonetic notation.

Phonetic spelling, spelling in phonetic characters, each representing one sound only; -- contrasted with Romanic spelling, or that by the use of the Roman alphabet.


word: Phonetics
definition:
Phonetics

Pho*net"ics
(fo̝*nĕt"ĭks)
n.
1.
The doctrine or science of sounds; especially those of the human voice; phonology.

2.
The art of representing vocal sounds by signs and written characters.


word: Phonetist
definition:
Phonetist

Pho"ne*tist
(f&omacr"ne̝*tĭst)
n.
1.
One versed in phonetics; a phonologist.

2.
One who advocates a phonetic spelling.


word: Phonetization
definition:
Phonetization

Pho`ne*ti*za"tion
(f&omacr`ne̝*tĭ*zā"shŭn; 277)
n.
The act, art, or process of representing sounds by phonetic signs.


word: phoney
definition:
phoney

pho"ney
(f&omacr"nē)
a.
[Also spelled phony.]
[Compar. phonier (?); superl. phoniest.]
1.
Imitating something superior; intended to deceive; fraudulent; having a misleading appearance; not genuine; false; counterfeit; fake; as, a phoney diamond; a phoney hundred-dollar bill.

Syn. -- bogus, counterfeit, fake, ersatz; fraudulent; false.

2.
Pretending to be other than one is; putting on false appearances; insincere; hypocritical; -- of people.


word: Phonic
definition:
Phonic

Phon"ic
(f&obreve_;n"ĭk; 277)
a.
[Gr. fwnh` sound: cf. F. phonique.]
Of or pertaining to sound; of the nature of sound; acoustic.
Tyndall.


word: Phonics
definition:
Phonics

Phon"ics
(f&obreve_;n"ĭks)
n.
1.
Same as Phonetics.

2.
A method of teaching reading and spelling to beginning students, emphasizing the sound values of individual letters and syllables, and the relationship between pronunciation and spelling.  Contrasted to whole language method and sentence method.


word: Phono
definition:
Phono

Phono
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
A South American butterfly (Ithonia phono) having nearly transparent wings.


word: Phonocamptic
definition:
Phonocamptic

Pho`no*camp"tic
(?)
a.
[Phono- + Gr. ka`mptein to bend: cf. F. phonocamptique.]
Reflecting sound.
[R.]
Phonocamptic
Derham.


word: Phonogram
definition:
Phonogram

Pho"no*gram
(?)
n.
[Phono- + -gram.]
1.
A letter, character, or mark used to represent a particular sound.

Phonograms are of three kinds: (1) Verbal signs, which stand for entire words; (2) Syllabic signs, which stand for the articulations of which words are composed; (3) Alphabetic signs, or letters, which represent the elementary sounds into which the syllable can be resolved.
I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

2.
A record of sounds made by a phonograph.


word: Phonograph
definition:
Phonograph

Pho"no*graph
(?)
n.
[Phono- + -graph.]
1.
A character or symbol used to represent a sound, esp. one used in phonography.
[archaic]

2.
(Physics)
An instrument for the mechanical registration and reproduction of audible sounds, as articulate speech, etc. An early simple version consisted of a rotating cylinder or disk covered with some material easily indented, as tinfoil, wax, paraffin, etc., above which is a thin plate carrying a stylus.  As the plate vibrates under the influence of a sound, the stylus makes minute indentations or undulations in the soft material, and these, when the cylinder or disk is again turned, set the plate in vibration, and reproduce the sound.  Modern versions use electronic circuitry and various more stable recording media to record sound more accurately.

3.
An instrument for reproducing sounds, especially music,  previously recorded on a plastic cylinder or disk as a pattern of bumps or wiggles in a groove.  A needle (stylus) held in the groove is made to vibrate by motion (rotation) of the recording, and the vibrations caused by the bumps and wiggles are transmitted directly to a membrane, or first transduced into electrical impulses and sent to an electronic amplifier circuit, thereby reproducing with greater or less fidelity the original sounds.  A phonograph which is equipped with electronics enabling the playback of sound with high fidelity to the original is often called a hi-fi.
In the 1990's such devices are beginning to be replaced in many homes by compact disk players; the production of plastic recordings of music for playback on a phonograph has almost ceased for entertainment purposes.


word: Phonographer
definition:
Phonographer

Pho*nog"ra*pher
(?)
n.
1.
One versed or skilled in phonography.

2.
One who uses, or is skilled in the use of, the phonograph. See Phonograph, 2.


word: Phonographical
definition:
Phonographical

Phonographic

{ Pho`no*graph"ic (?), Pho`no*graph"ic*al (?), }
a.
[Cf. F. phonographique.]
1.
Of or pertaining to phonography; based upon phonography.

2.
Of or pertaining to phonograph; done by the phonograph.


word: Phonography
definition:
Phonography

Pho*nog"ra*phy
(?)
n.
[Phono- + -graphy.]
1.
A description of the laws of the human voice, or sounds uttered by the organs of speech.

2.
A representation of sounds by distinctive characters; commonly, a system of shorthand writing invented by Isaac Pitman, or a modification of his system, much used by reporters.

&hand_; The consonants are represented by straight lines and curves; the vowels by dots and short dashes; but by skilled phonographers, in rapid work, most vowel marks are omitted, and brief symbols for common words and combinations of words are extensively employed. The following line is an example of phonography, in which all the sounds are indicated: --
[1913 Webster]

[1913 Webster]
They also serve who only stand and wait. Milton.

3.
The art of constructing, or using, the phonograph.


word: Phonolite
definition:
Phonolite

Pho"no*lite
(?)
n.
[Phono- + -lite: cf. F. phonolithe.]
(Min.)
A compact, feldspathic, igneous rock containing nephelite, haüynite, etc.  Thin slabs give a ringing sound when struck; -- called also clinkstone.


word: Phonological
definition:
Phonological

Phonologic

{ Pho`no*log"ic (?), Pho`no*log"ic*al (?), }
a.
Of or pertaining to phonology.


word: Phonology
definition:
Phonology

Pho*nol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Phono- + -logy.]
The science or doctrine of the elementary sounds uttered by the human voice in speech, including the various distinctions, modifications, and combinations of tones; phonetics. Also, a treatise on sounds.


word: Phonometer
definition:
Phonometer

Pho*nom"e*ter
(?)
n.
[Phono- + -meter.]
(Physics)
An instrument for measuring sounds, as to their intensity, or the frequency of the vibrations.


word: Phonomotor
definition:
Phonomotor

Pho`no*mo"tor
(?)
n.
[Phono- + -motor.]
(Physics)
An instrument in which motion is produced by the vibrations of a sounding body.


word: Phonoscope
definition:
Phonoscope

Pho"no*scope
(?)
n.
[Phono- + -scope.]
(Physics)
(a)
An instrument for observing or exhibiting the motions or properties of sounding bodies; especially, an apparatus invented by König for testing the quality of musical strings.
(b)
An instrument for producing luminous figures by the vibrations of sounding bodies.


word: Phonotypical
definition:
Phonotypical

Phonotypic

{ Pho`no*typ"ic (?), Pho`no*typ"ic*al (?), }
a.
Of or pertaining to phonotypy; as, a phonotypic alphabet.


word: Phonotypy
definition:
Phonotypy

Pho*not"y*py
(?)
n.
A method of phonetic printing of the English language, as devised by Mr. Pitman, in which nearly all the ordinary letters and many new forms are employed in order to indicate each elementary sound by a separate character.


word: phony
definition:
phony

pho"ny
(f&omacr"nē)
a.
[Also spelled phoney.]
[Compar. phonier (?); superl. phoniest.]
1.
imitating something superior; intended to deceive; fraudulent; having a misleading appearance; not genuine; counterfeit; fake; as, a phony diamond; a phony hundred-dollar bill.

Syn. -- phoney, bogus, counterfeit, fake.

2.
Pretending to be other than one is; putting on false appearances; insincere; hypocritical; -- of people.


word: -phore
definition:
-phore

-phore
(fôr)
suff.
[Gr. fe`rein to bring, bear, carry.]
Combining form meaning bearer of the element preceding; as, ionophore; semaphore.


word: Phormium
definition:
Phormium

Phor"mi*um
(?)
n.
[NL. fr. Gr. _; a plaited mat, a kind of plant.]
(Bot.)
A genus of liliaceous plants, consisting of one species (Phormium tenax). See Flax-plant.


word: Phorone
definition:
Phorone

Phor"one
(?)
n.
[Camphor + acetone.]
(Chem.)
A yellow crystalline substance, having a geraniumlike odor, regarded as a complex derivative of acetone, and obtained from certain camphor compounds.


word: Phoronis
definition:
Phoronis

Pho*ro"nis
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. L. Phoronis, a surname of Io, Gr. _;.]
(Zool.)
A remarkable genus of marine worms having tentacles around the mouth. It is usually classed with the gephyreans.  Its larva (Actinotrocha) undergoes a peculiar metamorphosis.


word: Phoronomics
definition:
Phoronomics

Phor`o*nom"ics
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; a carrying, motion + _; a law.]
The science of motion; kinematics.
[R.]
Weisbach.


word: Phosgene
definition:
Phosgene

Phos"gene
(?)
a.
[Gr. fw^s light + the root of gi`gnesqai to be born: cf. F. phosgène.]
(Old Chem.)
Producing, or produced by, the action of light; -- used specifically to designate a gas also called carbonyl chloride.  See phosgene, n., and Carbonyl.


word: phosgene
definition:
phosgene

phos"gene
(f&obreve_;s"jēn or f&obreve_;z"jēn)
n.
(Chem.)
A reactive chemical substance (COCl2), also called carbonyl choride, used in synthesis of numerous substances.  In the First World War it was also used as a poisonous gas in combat.


word: Phosgenite
definition:
Phosgenite

Phos"gen*ite
(?)
n.
(Min.)
A rare mineral occurring in tetragonal crystals of a white, yellow, or grayish color and adamantine luster.  It is a chlorocarbonate of lead.


word: Phospham
definition:
Phospham

Phos"pham
(?)
n.
[Phosphorus + ammonia.]
(Chem.)
An inert amorphous white powder, PN2H, obtained by passing ammonia over heated phosphorus.
[Spelt also phosphame.]
Phos"pham"ic (#), a.


word: Phosphate
definition:
Phosphate

Phos"phate
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A salt of phosphoric acid or a compound containing the phosphate radical group -PO4; as, trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4); triethyl phosphate ((C2H5)3PO4).


word: Phosphatic
definition:
Phosphatic

Phos*phat"ic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, phosphorus, phosphoric acid, or phosphates; as, phosphatic nodules.

Phosphatic diathesis (Med.), a habit of body which leads to the undue excretion of phosphates with the urine.


word: Phosphaturia
definition:
Phosphaturia

Phos`pha*tu"ri*a
(?)
n.
[NL. See Phosphate, and Urine.]
(Med.)
The excessive discharge of phosphates in the urine.


word: Phosphene
definition:
Phosphene

Phos"phene
(f&obreve_;s"fēn)
n.
[Gr. fw^s light + fai`nein to show.]
(Physiol.)
A luminous impression produced through excitation of the retina by some cause other than the impingement upon it of rays of light, as by pressure upon the eyeball when the lids are closed.  Cf. After-image.


word: phosphine
definition:
phosphine

phos"phine
(f&obreve_;s"fēn or f&obreve_;s"fĭn)
n.
(Chem.)
A colorless gas, PH3, analogous to ammonia, and having a disagreeable odor resembling that of garlic.  Called also hydrogen phosphide, and formerly, phosphureted hydrogen.  It is postulated as one possible cause of the rare lights seen in marshes -- see ignis fatuus.

&hand_; It is the most important compound of phosphorus and hydrogen, and is produced by the action of caustic potash on phosphorus.  It is spontaneously inflammable, owing to impurities, and in burning produces peculiar vortical rings of smoke.


word: Phosphinic
definition:
Phosphinic

Phos*phin"ic
(f&obreve_;s*fĭn"ĭk)
a.
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, certain acids analogous to the phosphonic acids, but containing two hydrocarbon radicals, and derived from the secondary phosphines by oxidation.


word: Phosphonic
definition:
Phosphonic

Phos*phon"ic
(f&obreve_;s*f&obreve_;n"ĭk)
a.
[Phosphoric + sulphonic.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, certain derivatives of phosphorous acid containing a hydrocarbon radical with the phosphorus directly bonded to a carbon, and analogous to the sulphonic acids; as, methanephosphonic acid, CH3.PO.(OH)2.


word: Phosphonium
definition:
Phosphonium

Phos*pho"ni*um
(?)
n.
[Phosphorus + ammonium.]
(Chem.)
The hypothetical radical PH4, analogous to ammonium, and regarded as the nucleus of certain derivatives of phosphine.


word: Phosphor
definition:
Phosphor

Phos"phor
(f&obreve_;s"fôr or f&obreve_;s"f&obreve_;r)
n.
[Cf. G. phosphor. See Phosphorus.]
1.
Phosphorus.
[Obs.]
Addison.

2.
The planet Venus, when appearing as the morning star; Lucifer.
[Poetic and Rare]
Pope. Tennyson.

3.
A phosphorescent substance.
[archaic]

4.
A substance capable of exhibiting luminescence.  This term is now most commonly used to refer to substances used in fluorescent lights, image intensifiers, or cathode-ray tubes (CRT's), which luminesce when excited by ultraviolet radiation or an electron beam.  In color CRT's, three different phosphors, each giving different colors when excited, are used.


word: Phosphorate
definition:
Phosphorate

Phos"phor*ate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Phosphorated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Phosphorating.]
(Chem.)
To impregnate, or combine, with phosphorus or its compounds; as, phosphorated oil.


word: Phosphor-bronze
definition:
Phosphor-bronze

Phos"phor-bronze`
(?)
n.
[Phosphor + bronze.]
(Metal.)
A variety of bronze possessing great hardness, elasticity, and toughness, obtained by melting copper with tin phosphide. It contains one or two per cent of phosphorus and from five to fifteen per cent of tin.


word: Phosphoresce
definition:
Phosphoresce

Phos`phor*esce"
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Phosphoresced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Phosphorescing (?).]
1.
To shine as phosphorus; to be phosphorescent; to emit a phosphoric light.  Generally, to emit light at temperatures too low to excite incandescent radiation.

2.
To emit light after a source of illumination has been removed; to exhibit phosphorescence.


word: Phosphorescence
definition:
Phosphorescence

Phos`phor*es"cence
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. phosphorescence.]
1.
The quality or state of being phosphorescent.

2.
The process of phosphorescing, especially that of emitting light after a source of excitation has been removed.  This contrasts with the process of fluorescence, in which a substance emits light of a lower wavelength than the illuminating light, only while the illumination continues.

3.
Light emitted by the process of phosphorescence.


word: Phosphorescent
definition:
Phosphorescent

Phos`phor*es"cent
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. phosphorescent.]
Shining with a phosphoric light; emitting phosphorescence; luminous without sensible heat.
n. A phosphorescent substance.


word: Phosphoric
definition:
Phosphoric

Phos*phor"ic
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. phosphorique.]
1.
(Chem.)
Of or pertaining to phosphorus; resembling, or containing, phosporus; specifically, designating those compounds in which phosphorus has a higher valence as contrasted with the phosphorous compounds.

2.
Phosphorescent.
phosphoric
Byron.

Glacial phosphoric acid. (Chem.) (a) Metaphosphoric acid in the form of glassy semitransparent masses or sticks. (b) Pure normal phosphoric acid. -- Phosphoric acid (Chem.), a white crystalline substance, H3PO4, which is the most highly oxidized acid of phosphorus, and forms an important and extensive series of compounds, viz., the phosphates. -- Soluble phosphoric acid, Insoluble phosphoric acid (Agric. Chem.), phosphoric acid combined in acid salts, or in neutral or basic salts, which are respectively soluble and insoluble in water or in plant juices. -- Reverted phosphoric acid (Agric. Chem.), phosphoric acid changed from acid (soluble) salts back to neutral or basic (insoluble) salts.


word: Phosphoritic
definition:
Phosphoritic

Phos`phor*it"ic
(?)
a.
(Min.)
Pertaining to phosphorite; resembling, or of the nature of, phosphorite.


word: Phosphorogenic
definition:
Phosphorogenic

Phos`phor*o*gen"ic
(?)
a.
[Phosphorus + -gen + -ic.]
Generating phosphorescence; as, phosphorogenic rays.


word: Phosphoroscope
definition:
Phosphoroscope

Phos*phor"o*scope
(?)
n.
[Phosphorus + -scope.]
(Physics)
An apparatus for observing the phosphorescence produced in different bodies by the action of light, and for measuring its duration.


word: Phosphorous
definition:
Phosphorous

Phos"phor*ous
(f&obreve_;s"f&obreve_;r*ŭs)
a.
[Cf. F. phosphoreux.]
(Chem.)
Of or pertaining to phosphorus; resembling or containing phosphorus; specifically, designating those compounds in which phosphorus has a lower valence as contrasted with phosphoric compounds; as, phosphorous acid, H3PO3.


word: Phosphorus
definition:
Phosphorus

Phos"phor*us
(f&obreve_;s"f&obreve_;r*ŭs)
n.
pl. Phosphori (f&obreve_;s"f&obreve_;r*ī).
[L., the morning star, Gr. fwsfo`ros, lit., light bringer; fw^s light + fe`rein to bring.]
1.
The morning star; Phosphor.

2.
(Chem.)
A poisonous nonmetallic element of the nitrogen group, obtained as a white, or yellowish, translucent waxy substance, having a characteristic disagreeable smell; this waxy allotropic form is also called yellow phosphorus, to distinguish it from another allotropic form, red phosphorus.  It is very active chemically, must be preserved under water, and unites with oxygen even at ordinary temperatures, giving a faint glow, -- whence its name.  It always occurs combined, usually in phosphates, as in the mineral apatite, in bones, etc.  It is used in the composition on the tips of friction matches, and for many other purposes.  It is an essential component of the genetic material of all living organisms.  The molecule contains four atoms.  Symbol P. Atomic weight 31.0.

3.
(Chem.)
Hence, any substance which shines in the dark like phosphorus, as certain phosphorescent bodies.

Bologna phosphorus (Chem.), sulphide of barium, which shines in the dark after exposure to light; -- so called because this property was discovered by a resident of Bologna.  The term is sometimes applied to other compounds having similar properties. -- Metallic phosphorus (Chem.), an allotropic modification of phosphorus, obtained as a gray metallic crystalline substance, having very inert chemical properties.  It is obtained by heating ordinary phosphorus in a closed vessel at a high temperature. -- Phosphorus disease (Med.), a disease common among workers in phosphorus, giving rise to necrosis of the jawbone, and other symptoms. -- Red phosphorus, or Amorphous phosphorus (Chem.), an allotropic modification of phosphorus, obtained as a dark red powder by heating ordinary phosphorus in closed vessels.  It is not poisonous, is not phosphorescent, and is only moderately active chemically.  It is valuable as a chemical reagent, and is used in the composition of the friction surface on which safety matches are ignited. -- Solar phosphori (Chem.), phosphorescent substances which shine in the dark after exposure to the sunlight or other intense light. -- yellow phosphorus (Chem.), the waxy yellow allotropic form of elemental phosphorus.  See also phosphorus{2}.


word: Phosphorus steel
definition:
Phosphorus steel

Phosphorus steel
A steel in which the amount of phosphorus exceeds that of carbon.


word: Phosphoryl
definition:
Phosphoryl

Phos"phor*yl
(f&obreve_;s"f&obreve_;r*ĭl)
n.
[Phosphorus + -yl.]
(Chem.)
The radical PO, regarded as the typical nucleus of certain compounds.


word: Phosphureted
definition:
Phosphureted

Phos"phu*ret`ed
(f&obreve_;s"f&uuptack_;*rĕt`ĕd)
a.
(Chem.)
Impregnated, or combined, with phosphorus.
[Obsoles.]
[Written also phosphuretted.]

Phosphureted hydrogen. (Chem.) See Phosphine.


word: Photic
definition:
Photic

Pho"tic
(f&omacr"tĭk)
a.
[Gr. fw^s, fwto`s, light.]
Of or pertaining to light; specifically, relating to the production of light by the lower animals.


word: Photic region
definition:
Photic region

Photic region
(Phytogeography)
The uppermost zone of the sea, which receives the most light.


word: Photics
definition:
Photics

Pho"tics
(f&omacr"tĭks)
n.
(Physics)
The science of light; -- a general term sometimes employed when optics is restricted to light as a producing vision.
Knight.


word: Photism
definition:
Photism

Pho"tism
(f&omacr"tĭz'm)
n.
[Gr. fwtismo`s illumination.]
(Psycol.)
A luminous image or appearance of a hallucinatory character.


word: Photo-
definition:
Photo-

Pho"to-
(f&omacr"to̝-)
A combining form from Gr. fw^s, fwto`s, light; as, photography, phototype, photometer.


word: Photobacterium
definition:
Photobacterium

Pho`to*bac*te"ri*um
(f&omacr`to̝*băk*tē"re̝*ŭm)
n.
[NL. See Photo-, and Bacterium.]
(Bacteriol.)
A genus including certain comma-shaped marine bacteria which emit bluish or greenish phosphorescence. Also, any microorganism of this group.


word: Photobiotic
definition:
Photobiotic

Pho`to*bi*ot"ic
(?)
a.
[Photo- + biotic.]
(Biol.)
Requiring light to live; incapable of living without light; as, photobiotic plant cells.


word: photocathode
definition:
photocathode

pho`to*cath"ode
(f&omacr`to̝*kăth"&omacrd)
n.
A cathode that emits electrons when illuminated.


word: photocell
definition:
photocell

pho"to*cell`
(f&omacr"to̝*sĕl`)
n.
An electrical device which changes voltage or resistance upon exposure to light, used to detect and measure light and other radiations.

Syn. -- photoelectric cell, electric eye.


word: Photoceramics
definition:
Photoceramics

Pho`to*ce*ram"ics
(?)
n.
Art or process of decorating pottery with photographically prepared designs.
Pho`to*ce*ram"ic (#), a.


word: Photochemical
definition:
Photochemical

Pho`to*chem"ic*al
(?)
a.
[Photo- + chemical.]
(Chem.)
Of or pertaining to chemical changes produced by light; as, the photochemical changes of the visual purple of the retina.


word: Photochemistry
definition:
Photochemistry

Pho`to*chem"is*try
(?)
n.
[Photo- + chemistry.]
(Chem.)
The branch of chemistry which relates to the effect of light in producing chemical changes, as in photography.


word: Photochromatic
definition:
Photochromatic

Photochromic

{ Pho`to*chro"mic (?), Pho`to*chro*mat"ic (?), }
a.
Of or pertaining to photochromy; produced by photochromy.


word: Photochromography
definition:
Photochromography

Pho`to*chro*mog"ra*phy
(?)
n.
[Photo- + Gr. chrw^ma color + -graphy.]
Art or process of printing colored photographs.


word: Photochromoscope
definition:
Photochromoscope

Pho`to*chro"mo*scope
(?)
n.
[Photo- + Gr. chrw^ma color + -scope.]
1.
A device for giving shifting effects of color to a photograph.  The unmounted print, made translucent, is illuminated from behind with colored light.

2.
A combination of three optical lanterns for projecting objects on a screen in the colors of nature. The images of three partial photographs taken through color screens (red, green, and blue, respectively) are superimposed.  Each image is given its own primary color, and these colors blend and reproduce the colors of the object.


word: Photochromotype
definition:
Photochromotype

Pho`to*chro"mo*type
(?)
n.
[Photo- + Gr. chrw^ma color + -type.]
A colored print made photomechanically.


word: Photochromotype₂
definition:
Photochromotype

Pho`to*chro"mo*type
v. t.
To represent by a colored print made by any photomechanical process.


word: Photochromy
definition:
Photochromy

Pho*toch"ro*my
(?)
n.
[Photo- + Gr. chrw^ma color.]
The art or process of reproducing colors by photography.


word: Photochronograph
definition:
Photochronograph

Pho`to*chron"o*graph
(?)
n.
[Photo- + chronograph.]
1.
(Physics)
An instrument for recording minute intervals of time. The record is made by the power of a magnetic field, due to an electric signaling current, to turn the plane of polarization of light. A flash, coinciding in time and duration with the signal, is thus produced and is photographed on a moving plate.

2.
(Astron.)
An instrument for the photographic recording of star transits.


word: Photochronography
definition:
Photochronography

Pho`to*chro*nog"ra*phy
(?)
n.
Art of recording or measuring intervals of time by the photochronograph.
Pho`to*chron`o*graph"ic (#), -graph"ic*al (#), a. -- Pho`to*chron`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.


word: photodrome
definition:
photodrome

pho"to*drome
(f&omacr"to̝*dr&omacrm)
n.
[Photo- + Gr. dramei^n to run.]
(Physics)
An apparatus consisting of a large wheel with spokes, which when turning very rapidly is illuminated by momentary flashes of light passing through slits in a rotating disk.  By properly timing the succession of flashes the wheel is made to appear to be motionless, or to rotate more or less slowly in either direction.


word: Photodynamics
definition:
Photodynamics

Pho`to*dy*nam"ics
(?)
n.
[Photo- + dynamics.]
(Plant Physiol.)
The relation of light to the movements of plants and their organs; the study of the phenomena of curvatures induced by the stimulus of light.
Pho`to*dy*nam"ic (#), Pho`to*dy*nam"ic*al (#), a.


word: Photo-electric
definition:
Photo-electric

Pho`to-e*lec"tric
(?)
a.
[Photo- + electric.]
Acting by the operation of both light and electricity; -- said of apparatus for producing pictures by electric light.


word: Photo-electrical
definition:
Photo-electrical

Photo-electric

{ Pho`to-e*lec"tric, Pho`to-e*lec"tric*al }
a.
Pertaining to, or capable of developing, photo-electricity.


word: Photo-electric cell
definition:
Photo-electric cell

Photo-electric cell
A cell (as one of two electrodes embedded in selenium) which by exposure to light generates an electric current.


word: Photo-electricity
definition:
Photo-electricity

Pho`to-e*lec*tric"i*ty
n.
[Photo- + electricity.]
Electricity produced by light.


word: Photo-electrograph
definition:
Photo-electrograph

Pho`to-e*lec"tro*graph
n.
[See Photo-; Electrograph.]
(Meteor.)
An electrometer registering by photography.


word: Photo-electrotype
definition:
Photo-electrotype

Pho`to-e*lec"tro*type
(?)
n.
(Print.)
An electrotype plate formed in a mold made by photographing on prepared gelatine, etc.


word: Photo-engraving
definition:
Photo-engraving

Pho`to-en*grav"ing
(?)
n.
[Photo- + engraving.]
The process of obtaining an etched or engraved plate from the photographic image, to be used in printing; also, a picture produced by such a process.


word: Photo-engrave
definition:
Photo-engrave

Pho`to-en*grave"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Photo-engraved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Photo-engraving.]
[Photo- + engrave.]
To engrave by a photomechanical process; to make a photo-engraving of.
Pho`to-en*grav"er (#), n.


word: Photo-epinasty
definition:
Photo-epinasty

Pho`to-ep"i*nas`ty
(?)
n.
[See Photo-, and Epinastic.]
(Bot.)
A disproportionately rapid growth of the upper surface of dorsiventral organs, such as leaves, through the stimulus of exposure to light.
Encyc. Brit.


word: Photo-etch
definition:
Photo-etch

Pho`to-etch"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Photo-etched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Photo-etching.]
[Photo- + etch.]
To engrave, or make an engraving of, by any photomechanical process involving etching of the plate.


word: Photo-etching
definition:
Photo-etching

Pho`to-etch"ing
n.
A photo-engraving produced by any process involving the etching of the plate.


word: Photogalvanography
definition:
Photogalvanography

Pho`to*gal`va*nog"ra*phy
(?)
n.
[Photo- + galvanography.]
The art or process of making photo-electrotypes.
Sir D. Brewster.


word: Photogen
definition:
Photogen

Pho"to*gen
(?)
n.
[Photo- + -gen.]
(Chem.)
A light hydrocarbon oil resembling kerosene.  It is obtained by distilling coal, paraffin, etc., and is used as a lubricant, illuminant, etc.
[Written also photogene.]


word: Photogene
definition:
Photogene

Pho"to*gene
(?)
n.
[See Photogen.]
1.
A photograph.
[Obsoles.]

2.
A more or less continued impression or image on the retina.
H. Spencer.


word: Photogenic
definition:
Photogenic

Pho`to*gen"ic
(?)
a.
1.
Of or pertaining to photogeny; producing or generating light.

2.
Appearing attractive in a photograph; having features that appear attractive in a photograph.

3.
(Med.)
Caused by light, as for example a skin abnormality.


word: Photoglyphic
definition:
Photoglyphic

Pho`to*glyph"ic
(?)
a.
[Photo- + Gr. gly`fein to engrave.]
Pertaining to the art of engraving by the action of light.
[Written also photoglyptic.]

Photoglyphic engraving, a process of etching on copper, steel, or zinc, by means of the action of light and certain chemicals, so that from the plate impressions may be taken. Sir D. Brewster.


word: Photogrammeter
definition:
Photogrammeter

Pho`to*gram"me*ter
(?)
n.
[See Photogram; -meter.]
A phototheodolite, or a camera designed for use in photogrammetry.
Pho`to*gram*met"ric (#), Pho`to*gram*met"ric*al (#), a.


word: Photogrammetry
definition:
Photogrammetry

Pho`to*gram"me*try
(?)
n.
[Photogram + metry.]
A method of surveying or map making by photography, used also in determining the height and motions of clouds, sea waves, and the like.


word: Photograph₂
definition:
Photograph

Pho"to*graph
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Photographed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Photographing (?).]
To take a picture or likeness of by means of photography; as, to photograph a view; to photograph a group.

He makes his pen drawing on white paper, and they are afterwards photographed on wood.
Hamerton.

Also used figuratively.

He is photographed on my mind.
Lady D. Hardy.


word: Photographical
definition:
Photographical

Photographic

{ Pho`to*graph"ic (?), Pho`to*graph"ic*al (?), }
a.
[Cf. F. photographique.]
Of or pertaining to photography; obtained by photography; used ib photography; as a photographic picture; a photographic camera.
Pho`to*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Photographic printing, the process of obtaining pictures, as on chemically prepared paper, from photographic negatives, by exposure to light.


word: Photographometer
definition:
Photographometer

Pho*tog"ra*phom"e*ter
(?)
n.
[Photograph + -meter.]
(Photog.)
An instrument for determining the sensibility of the plates employed in photographic processes to luminous rays.


word: Photographone
definition:
Photographone

Pho*tog"ra*phone
(?)
n.
[See Photograph; -phone.]
A device, consisting essentially of an electric arc and a camera, by which a series of photographs of the variations of the arc due to sound waves are obtained for reproduction by means of a selenium cell and a telephone.


word: Photography
definition:
Photography

Pho*tog"ra*phy
(?)
n.
[Photo- + -graphy: cf. F. photographie.]
1.
The science which relates to the action of light on sensitive bodies in the production of pictures, the fixation of images, and the like.  The production of pictures by the photochemical action of light on films of chemicals sensitive to light, and also the production of electronic images in electronic cameras, are both considered types of photography.

2.
The art or process of producing pictures by this action of light.

&hand_; In traditional photography, the well-focused optical image is thrown on a surface of metal, glass, paper, or other suitable substance, coated with collodion or gelatin, and sensitized with the chlorides, bromides, or iodides of silver, or other salts sensitive to light. The exposed plate is then treated with reducing agents, as pyrogallic acid, ferrous sulphate, etc., to develop the latent image. The image is then fixed by washing off the excess of unchanged sensitive salt with sodium hyposulphite (thiosulphate) or other suitable reagents.

color photography, the production of colored images by a photographic process.  A variety of dyes are used to produced the colored images in photochemical processes.  Such processes may or may not use silver to produce the colored image.  Color photographs may also be produced by electronic cameras.


word: Photogravure
definition:
Photogravure

Pho`to*grav"ure
(?)
n.
[F.]
A photoengraving; also, the process by which such a picture is produced.


word: Photoheliograph
definition:
Photoheliograph

Pho`to*he"li*o*graph
(?)
n.
[Photo- + heliograph.]
(Physics)
A modified kind of telescope adapted to taking photographs of the sun.


word: Photoheliometer
definition:
Photoheliometer

Pho`to*he`li*om"e*ter
(?)
n.
[Photo- + heliometer.]
(Astron.)
A double-lens instrument for measuring slight variations of the sun's diameter by photography, utilizing the common chord of two overlapping images.


word: Photolithograph
definition:
Photolithograph

Pho`to*lith"o*graph
(?)
n.
[Photo- + lithograph.]
A lithographic picture or copy from a stone prepared by the aid of photography.


word: Photolithograph₂
definition:
Photolithograph

Pho`to*lith"o*graph
v. t.
To produce (a picture, a copy) by the process of photolithography.


word: Photolithographer
definition:
Photolithographer

Pho`to*li*thog"ra*pher
(?)
n.
One who practices, or one who employs, photolithography.


word: Photolithographic
definition:
Photolithographic

Pho`to*lith`o*graph"ic
(?)
n.
Of or pertaining to photolithography; produced by photolithography.


word: Photolithography
definition:
Photolithography

Pho`to*li*thog"ra*phy
(?)
n.
1.
The art or process of producing photolithographs.

2.
The process by which the image of a pattern is transferred photographically to a sensitive surface, and the surface subsequently etched; used for printing or in the production of integrated circuits.


word: Photological
definition:
Photological

Photologic

{ Pho`to*log"ic (?), Pho`to*log"ic*al (?), }
a.
Pertaining to photology, or the doctrine of light.


word: Photologist
definition:
Photologist

Pho*tol"o*gist
(?)
n.
1.
One who studies or expounds the laws of light.
[Obsolescent]

2.
One who studies the science of photography.


word: Photology
definition:
Photology

Pho*tol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Photo- + -logy: cf. F. photologie.]
1.
The doctrine or science of light, explaining its nature and phenomena; optics.
[Obsolescent]

2.
The science of photography.


word: Photoluminescence
definition:
Photoluminescence

Pho`to*lu`mi*nes"cence
(?)
a.
[Photo- + luminescence.]
(Physics)
Luminescence induced by exposure to light waves in the infrared to ultraviolet range.


word: Photoluminescent
definition:
Photoluminescent

Pho`to*lu`mi*nes"cent
(?)
a.
[Photo- + luminescent.]
(Physics)
Luminescent due to exposure to light waves.


word: Photomagnetism
definition:
Photomagnetism

Pho`to*mag"net*ism
(?)
n.
The branch of science which treats of the relation of magnetism to light.


word: Photomechanical
definition:
Photomechanical

Pho`to*me*chan"ic*al
(?)
a.
Pertaining to, or designating, any photographic process in which a printing surface is obtained without the intervention of hand engraving.


word: Photometer
definition:
Photometer

Pho*tom"e*ter
(?)
n.
[Photo- + -meter: cf. F. photomètre.]
(Physics)
An instrument for measuring the intensity of light, or, more especially, for comparing the relative intensities of different lights, or their relative illuminating power.


word: Photometrical
definition:
Photometrical

Photometric

{ Pho`to*met"ric (?), Pho`to*met"ric*al (?), }
a.
[Cf. F. photométrique.]
Of or pertaining to photometry, or to a photometer.


word: Photometrist
definition:
Photometrist

Photometrician

{ Pho*tom`e*tri"cian (?), Pho*tom"e*trist (?) }
n.
One engaged in the scientific measurement of light; a specialist in photometry.


word: Photometry
definition:
Photometry

Pho*tom"e*try
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. photométrie.]
That branch of science which treats of the measurement of the intensity of light.


word: Photomezzotype
definition:
Photomezzotype

Pho`to*mez"zo*type
(?)
n.
[Photo- + It. mezzo middle, half + -type.]
A photomechanical process similar to collotype.


word: Photomicrograph
definition:
Photomicrograph

Pho`to*mi"cro*graph
(f&omacr`to̝*mī"kro̝*grȧf)
n.
[Photo- + micro + -graph.]
1.
An enlarged or macroscopic photograph of a microscopic object. See Microphotograph.

2.
A microscopically small photograph of an object.


word: Photonephograph
definition:
Photonephograph

Pho`to*neph"o*graph
(f&omacr`to̝*nĕf"o̝*grȧf)
n.
[Photo- + Gr. ne`fos a cloud + -graph.]
(Meteor.)
A nephoscope registering by photography, commonly consisting of a pair of cameras used simultaneously.


word: Photophilous
definition:
Photophilous

Pho*toph"i*lous
(?)
n.
[Photo- + Gr. _; loving.]
(Phytogeog.)
Light-loving; growing in strong light, as many plants.


word: Photophobia
definition:
Photophobia

Pho`to*pho"bi*a
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fw^s, fwto`s, light + fo`bos fear.]
(Med.)
A dread or intolerance of light.
Sir T. Watson.


word: Photophone
definition:
Photophone

Pho"to*phone
(f&omacr"to̝*f&omacrn)
n.
[Photo- + Gr. fwnh` sound.]
(Physics)
An apparatus for the production of sound by the action of rays of light.
A. G. Bell.


word: Photoplay
definition:
Photoplay

Pho"to*play`
(?)
n.
A play for representation or exhibition by moving pictures; also, the moving-picture representation of a play.


word: Photophore
definition:
Photophore

Pho"to*phore
(?)
n.
[Photo- + Gr. fe`rein to bear.]
1.
(Med.)
A form of endoscope using an electric light.

2.
(Zool.)
A light-emitting organ; specif., one of the luminous spots on certain marine (mostly deep-sea) fishes.


word: Photopsia
definition:
Photopsia

Pho*top"si*a
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fw^s, fwto`s, light + 'o`psis sight.]
(Med.)
An affection of the eye, in which the patient perceives luminous rays, flashes, coruscations, etc. See phosphene.


word: Photorelief
definition:
Photorelief

Pho`to*re*lief"
(?)
n.
A printing surface in relief, obtained by photographic means and subsequent manipulations.
Knight.


word: Photoscope
definition:
Photoscope

Pho"to*scope
(?)
n.
[Photo- + -scope.]
(Physics)
Anything employed for the observation of light or luminous effects.


word: Photosculpture
definition:
Photosculpture

Pho`to*sculp"ture
(?)
n.
[Photo- + sculpture.]
A process in which, by means of a number of photographs simultaneously taken from different points of view on the same level, rough models of the figure or bust of a person or animal may be made with great expedition.


word: Photosphere
definition:
Photosphere

Pho"to*sphere
(?)
n.
[Photo- + sphere.]
A sphere of light; esp., the luminous envelope of the sun.


word: Photosynthesis
definition:
Photosynthesis

Pho`to*syn"the*sis
(?)
n.
(Plant Physiol.)
The process of constructive metabolism in which green plants utilize the energy of sunlight to manufacture carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll.  It was formerly called assimilation, but this is now commonly used as in animal physiology.
Pho`to*syn*thet"ic (#), a. -- Pho`to*syn*thet"ic*al*ly (#), adv.

  In green plants water is absorbed by the roots and carried to the leaves by the xylem, and carbon dioxide is obtained from air that enters the leaves through the stomata and diffuses to the cells containing chlorophyll. The green pigment chlorophyll  is uniquely capable of converting the active energy of light into a latent form that can be stored (in food) and used when needed.
     The initial process in photosynthesis is the decomposition of water (H2O) into oxygen, which is released, and hydrogen; direct light is required for this process. The hydrogen and the carbon and oxygen of carbon dioxide (CO2) are then converted into a series of increasingly complex compounds that result finally in a stable organic compound, glucose (C6H12O6 ), and water. This phase of photosynthesis utilizes stored energy and therefore can proceed in the dark. The simplified equation used to represent this overall process is 6CO2+12H2O+energy=C6H12O6+6O2+6H2 O. In general, the results of this process are the reverse of those in respiration, in which carbohydrates are oxidized to release energy, with the production of carbon dioxide and water.
    The intermediary reactions before glucose is formed involve several enzymes, which react with the coenzyme ATP (see adenosine triphosphate ) to produce various molecules. Studies using radioactive carbon have indicated that among the intermediate products are three-carbon molecules from which acids and amino acids, as well as glucose, are derived.

http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0860378.html


The role of chlorophyll
     Chlorophyll contains a hydrophyllic head group and a hydrophobic tail region. A magnesium atom is held in the center of a cyclic, conjugated double bond porphyrin ring which is responsible for absorbing red light. (There also is an absorption band in the blue. Thus red and blue are absorbed and green passes through, giving plants a characteristic green color.)
    Light is absorbed by antenna chlorophyll molecules, then transferred to the reaction center chlorophylls. Some hundreds of antenna chlorophyll molecules transfer energy to a reaction center, with transfer times of about 10-10 sec from the edge of the unit to the center.
    The energy from light is used to pump H+ ions from the stroma into the thylakoid space and to reduce NADP+ to NADPH. Flow of  H+ back into the stroma releases energy which is used to phosphorylate ADP to ATP.  The chemiosmotic coupling is working here in a similar way to the mechanism of ATP generation used in mitochondria.

Carbon Fixation
    Carbon fixation is catalyzed by ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBP carboxylase), the world's most abundent enzyme.
    The Calvin cycle combines three carbon dioxide molecules into one molecule of three carbon glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
    Some plants, particularly many which live in hot, dry climates, have a mechanism for storing carbon dioxide by combining it with a three carbon molecule to form a four carbon molecule. This pathway is known as the C4 or Hatch-Slack pathway.

http://fig.cox.miami.edu/Faculty/Tom/bil255/bil255sum98/17_photo.html


word: Phototaxy
definition:
Phototaxy

Phototaxis

{ &VerbarPho`to*tax"is (?), Pho"to*tax`y (?) }
n.
[NL. phototaxis; photo- + Gr. _; an arranging.]
(Biol.)
The influence of light on the movements of low organisms, as various infusorians, the zoospores of certain algæ, etc.; also, the tendency to follow definite directions of motion or assume definite positions under such influence. If the migration is toward the source of light, it is termed positive phototaxis; if away from the light, negative phototaxis.
Pho`to*tac"tic (#), a. -- Pho`to*tac"tic*al*ly, adv.


word: Phototelegraphy
definition:
Phototelegraphy

Pho`to*te*leg"ra*phy
(?)
n.
Telegraphy by means of light, as by the heliograph or the photophone. Also, less properly, telephotography.
Pho`to*tel"e*graph (#), n. -- Pho`to*tel`e*graph"ic (#), a.


word: Phototelescope
definition:
Phototelescope

Pho`to*tel"e*scope
(?)
n.
(Astron.)
A telescope adapted for taking photographs of the heavenly bodies.


word: Phototheodolite
definition:
Phototheodolite

Pho`to*the*od"o*lite
(?)
n.
An arrangement of two photographic cameras, the plates of which may be brought into exactly the same plane, used in surveying and map making. From the differences between two pictures taken at the same moment, measurements in all dimensions of the region may be obtained.


word: Phototherapy
definition:
Phototherapy

Pho`to*ther"a*py
(?)
n.
(Med.)
The application of light for therapeutic purposes, esp. for treating diseases of the skin.
Pho`to*the*rap"ic (#), Pho`to*ther`a*peu"tic (#), a.


word: Phototonus
definition:
Phototonus

Pho*tot"o*nus
(?)
n.
[NL. See Photo-, and Tone.]
1.
(Bot.)
A motile condition in plants resulting from exposure to light.
Pho`to*ton"ic (#), a.

2.
(Physiol.)
An irritable condition of protoplasm, resulting in movement, due to a certain intensity of light.
Pho`to*ton"ic (#), a.


word: Phototopography
definition:
Phototopography

Pho`to*to*pog"ra*phy
(?)
n.
Photogrammetry.
Pho`to*top`o*graph"ic (#), Pho`to*top`o*graph"ic*al (#), a.


word: Phototrichromatic
definition:
Phototrichromatic

Pho`to*tri`chro*mat"ic
(?)
a.
[Photo- + tri- + chromatic.]
Designating a photomechanical process for making reproductions in natural colors by three printings.


word: Phototropic
definition:
Phototropic

Pho`to*trop"ic
(?)
a.
[Photo- + Gr. _; to turn.]
(Bot.)
of or pertaining to phototropism; exhibiting phototropism; same as Heliotropic.


word: Phototropism
definition:
Phototropism

Pho*tot"ro*pism
(?)
n.
[Photo- + Gr. _; to turn.]
1.
(Plant Physiol.)
The tendency of growing plant organs to move or curve under the influence of light. In ordinary use the term is practically synonymous with heliotropism.

2.
(Microbiology)
exhibiting movement in a direction toward (positive phototropism) or away from (negative phototropism) a source of light.


word: Phototype
definition:
Phototype

Pho"to*type
(?)
n.
[Photo- + -type.]
A plate or block with a printing surface (usually in relief) obtained from a photograph; also, any one of the many methods of processes by which such a printing surface is obtained.


word: Photovisual
definition:
Photovisual

Pho`to*vis"u*al
(?)
a.
(Optics)
Of certain achromatic lenses, having the same focus for the actinic and for the brightest of the visual rays.


word: Photoxylography
definition:
Photoxylography

Pho`to*xy*log"ra*phy
(?)
n.
[Photo- + xylography.]
The process of producing a representation of an object on wood, by photography, for the use of the wood engraver.


word: Photozincograph
definition:
Photozincograph

Pho`to*zin"co*graph
(?)
n.
A print made by photozincography.
Pho`to*zin`co*graph"ic, a.


word: Photozincography
definition:
Photozincography

Pho`to*zin*cog"ra*phy
(?)
n.
[Photo- + zincography.]
A process, analogous to photolithography, for reproducing photographed impressions transferred to zinc plate.


word: Phragmocone
definition:
Phragmocone

Phrag"mo*cone
(?)
n.
[Gr. _;, _;, a fence, an inclosure + _; a cone.]
(Zool.)
The thin chambered shell attached to the anterior end of a belemnite.
[Written also phragmacone.]


word: Phrasal
definition:
Phrasal

Phras"al
(?)
a.
Of the nature of a phrase; consisting of a phrase; as, a phrasal adverb.
Earlc.


word: Phrase
definition:
Phrase

Phrase
(?)
n.
[F., fr. L. phrasis diction, phraseology, Gr. _;, fr. _; to speak.]
1.
A brief expression, sometimes a single word, but usually two or more words forming an expression by themselves, or being a portion of a sentence; as, an adverbial phrase.

“Convey” the wise it call. “Steal!” foh! a fico for the phrase.
Shak.

2.
A short, pithy expression; especially, one which is often employed; a peculiar or idiomatic turn of speech; as, to err is human.

3.
A mode or form of speech; the manner or style in which any one expreses himself; diction; expression.
Phrases
Tennyson.

Thou speak'st
In better phrase and matter than thou didst.
Shak.

4.
(Mus.)
A short clause or portion of a period.

&hand_; A composition consists first of sentences, or periods; these are subdivided into sections, and these into phrases.

Phrase book, a book of idiomatic phrases. J. S. Blackie.


word: Phrase₂
definition:
Phrase

Phrase
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Phrased (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Phrasing.]
[Cf. F. phraser.]
To express in words, or in peculiar words; to call; to style.
phrase
Shak.


word: Phrase₃
definition:
Phrase

Phrase
v. i.
1.
To use proper or fine phrases.
[R.]

2.
(Mus.)
To group notes into phrases; as, he phrases well. See Phrase, n., 4.


word: Phraseological
definition:
Phraseological

Phraseologic

{ Phra`se*o*log"ic (?), Phra`se*o*log"ic*al (?), }
a.
Of or pertaining to phraseology; consisting of a peculiar form of words.
phraseological
Bp. Pearson.


word: Phraseology
definition:
Phraseology

Phra`se*ol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Gr. _;, _;, phrase + -logy: cf. F. phraséologie.]
1.
Manner of expression; peculiarity of diction; style.

Most completely national in his . . . phraseology.
I. Taylor.

2.
A collection of phrases; a phrase book.
[R.]


word: Phrasing
definition:
Phrasing

Phras"ing
(?)
n.
1.
Method of expression; association of words.

2.
(Mus.)
The act or method of grouping the notes so as to form distinct musical phrases.


word: Phratry
definition:
Phratry

Phra"try
(?)
n.
pl. Phratries (#).
[Gr. _;, _;.]
(Gr. Antiq.)
A subdivision of a phyle, or tribe, in Athens.


word: Phreatic
definition:
Phreatic

Phre*at"ic
(?)
a.
[F. phréatique, from Gr. _;, _;, a well.]
(Geol.)
Subterranean; -- applied to sources supplying wells.


word: Phrenetical
definition:
Phrenetical

Phrenetic

{ Phre*net"ic (?), Phre*net"ic*al (?), }
a.
[L. phreneticus, Gr. frenhtiko`s, frenitiko`s: cf. F. phrénétique. See Frantic, and cf. Frenetic.]
Relating to phrenitis; suffering from frenzy; delirious; mad; frantic; frenetic.
Phre*net"ic*al*ly, adv.


word: phrenico-
definition:
phrenico-

phreni-

phreno-

phren-

phren-, phreno-, phreni-, phrenico-
(frĕn- or frēn-)
n.
[Gr. frh`n, freno`s, the midriff, or diaphragm, the heart (as the seat of emotions), the mind.]
(Anat.)
A combining form meaning, of or pertaining to the diaphragm, the mind, or the brain; frenic.
Stedman.


word: Phrenic
definition:
Phrenic

Phren"ic
(frĕn"ĭk)
a.
[Gr. frh`n, freno`s, the midriff, or diaphragm, the heart, the mind: cf. F. phrénique.]
(Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the diaphragm; diaphragmatic; as, the phrenic nerve.


word: Phrenics
definition:
Phrenics

Phren"ics
(frĕn"ĭks)
n.
That branch of science which relates to the mind; mental philosophy.
[R.]


word: Phrenitis
definition:
Phrenitis

Phre*ni"tis
(?)
n.
[L., fr. Gr. freni^tis, fr. frh`n, freno`s.]
1.
(Med.)
Inflammation of the brain, or of the meninges of the brain, attended with acute fever and delirium; -- called also cephalitis.

2.
See Frenzy.


word: Phrenograph
definition:
Phrenograph

Phre"no*graph
(frē"no̝*grȧf)
n.
[Gr. frh`n, freno`s, the midriff + -graph.]
(Physiol.)
An instrument for registering the movements of the diaphragm, or midriff, in respiration.


word: Phrenologist
definition:
Phrenologist

Phre*nol"o*gist
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. phrénologiste.]
One versed in phrenology; a craniologist.


word: Phrenology
definition:
Phrenology

Phre*nol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Gr. frh`n, freno`s, the mind + -logy: cf. F. phrénologie.]
1.
The science of the special functions of the several parts of the brain, or of the supposed connection between the various faculties of the mind and particular organs in the brain.

2.
In popular usage, the obsolete physiological hypothesis of Gall, that the mental faculties, and traits of character, are shown on the surface of the head or skull; craniology.  it is considered a pseudo-science by all reputable medical personnel, but is still believed by some people.

Syn. -- craniognomy.

&hand_; Gall marked out on his model of the head the places of twenty-six organs, as round inclosures with vacant interspaces. Spurzheim and Combe divided the whole scalp into oblong and conterminous patches.
Encyc. Brit.


word: Phrenomagnetism
definition:
Phrenomagnetism

Phre`no*mag"net*ism
(?)
n.
[Gr. frh`n, freno`s, the mind + E. magnetism.]
The power of exciting the organs of the brain by magnetic or mesmeric influence.


word: Phrenosin
definition:
Phrenosin

Phre"no*sin
(frē"no̝*sĭn or frĕn"o̝*sĭn)
n.
[See Phrenic.]
(Physiol. Chem.)
A cerebroside, related to cerebrin, present in white matter of the brain.

Syn. -- cerebron.


word: Phryganeides
definition:
Phryganeides

Phryg`a*ne"i*des
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Phryganea, the typical genus, fr. Gr. _; a dry stick.]
(Zool.)
A tribe of neuropterous insects which includes the caddice flies; -- called also Trichoptera. See Trichoptera.
[Written also Phryganides.]


word: Phrygian
definition:
Phrygian

Phryg"i*an
(?)
prop. a.
[L. Phrygius, Gr. Fry`gios, fr. Frygi`a Phrygia, a country of Asia Minor.]
Of or pertaining to Phrygia, or to its inhabitants.

Phrygian mode (Mus.), one of the ancient Greek modes, very bold and vehement in style; -- so called because fabled to have been invented by the Phrygian Marsyas. Moore (Encyc. of Music). -- Phrygian stone, a light, spongy stone, resembling a pumice, -- used by the ancients in dyeing, and said to be drying and astringent.


word: Phrygian cap
definition:
Phrygian cap

Phryg"i*an cap`
(?)
A close-fitting cap represented in Greek art as worn by Orientals, assumed to have been conical in shape. It has been adopted in modern art as the so-called liberty cap, or cap of liberty.


word: Phthalein
definition:
Phthalein

Phthal"e*in
(?)
n.
[See Phthalic.]
(Chem.)
One of a series of artificial organic dyes made as condensation products of the phenols with phthalic acid, and well represented by phenolphthalein.  Their alkaline solutions are fluorescent.

Phenol phthalein, a white or yellowish white crystalline substance made from phthalic acid and phenol.  Same as phenolphthalein.


word: Phthalic
definition:
Phthalic

Phthal"ic
(?)
a.
[Naphthalene + -ic.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic acid obtained by the oxidation of naphthalene and allied substances.

Phthalic acid (Chem.), a white crystalline substance, C6H4.(CO2H)2, analogous to benzoic acid, and employed in the brilliant dyestuffs called the phthaleins.


word: Phthalide
definition:
Phthalide

Phthal"ide
(?)
n.
[Phthalyl + anhydride.]
(Chem.)
A lactone (C8H6O2) obtained as a white crystalline substance by reduction of phthalyl chloride and other processes; hence, by extension, any one of the series of which phthalide proper is the type.
[Written also phthalid.]



2.
Specifically:
A fungicide (C8H2Cl4O2) which is a tetrachloro derivative of phthalide{1} proper; in this sense, the spelling fthalide is also used.  It has CAS Registry Number 27355-22-2.

Syn. 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone; -- .


word: Phthalimide
definition:
Phthalimide

Phthal"i*mide
(?)
n.
[Phthalic + imide.]
(Chem.)
An imido derivative of phthalic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance, C6H4.(CO)2NH, which has itself (like succinimide) acid properties, and forms a series of salts.  Cf. Imido acid, under Imido.


word: Phthalin
definition:
Phthalin

Phthal"in
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A colorless crystalline substance obtained by reduction from phthalein, into which it is easily converted by oxidation; hence, any one of the series of which phthalin proper is the type.


word: Phthiriasis
definition:
Phthiriasis

Phthi*ri"a*sis
(?)
n.
[L., fr. Gr. _;, fr. _; louse.]
(Med.)
A disease (morbus pediculous) consisting in the excessive multiplication of lice on the human body.


word: Phthisical
definition:
Phthisical

Phthis"ic*al
(?)
a.
[L. phthisicus, Gr. _;: cf. F. phthisique. See Phthisis.]
Of or pertaining to phthisis; affected with phthisis; wasting; consumptive.


word: Phthisicky
definition:
Phthisicky

Phthis"ick*y
(?)
a.
Having phthisis, or some symptom of it, as difficulty in breathing.


word: Phthisiology
definition:
Phthisiology

Phthis`i*ol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Phthisis + -logy.]
(Med.)
A treatise on phthisis.
Dunglison.


word: Phthisipneumony
definition:
Phthisipneumony

Phthisipneumonia

{ &VerbarPhthis`ip*neu*mo"ni*a (?), Phthis`ip*neu"mo*ny (?), }
n.
[NL. See Phthisis, Pneumonia.]
(Med.)
Pulmonary consumption; tuberculosis of the lungs.
[obs.]


word: phthisis
definition:
phthisis

phthi"sis
(thī"sĭs; 277)
n.
[L., fr. Gr. fqi`sis, fr. fqi`ein to pass or waste away: cf. F. phthisie.]
(Med.)
A wasting or consumption of the tissues.  The term is now obsolete; it was once applied to many wasting diseases, but in the early 1900's became restricted to tuberculosis of the lungs (pulmonary phthisis, or consumption). See Consumption.
[Obs.]

Fibroid phthisis. See under Fibroid.


word: Phthongal
definition:
Phthongal

Phthon"gal
(?)
a.
[Gr. _; voice.]
Formed into, or characterized by, voice; vocalized; -- said of all the vowels and the semivowels, also of the vocal or sonant consonants g, d, b, l, r, v, z, etc.


word: Phthongometer
definition:
Phthongometer

Phthon*gom"e*ter
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; voice + -meter.]
An instrument for measuring vocal sounds.
Whewell.


word: phtor
definition:
phtor

phtor
(tôr)
n.
[F. phthore, Gr. fqei`rein to destroy.]
(Old Chem.)
Fluorine.
[Written also phthor.]


word: Phycochrome
definition:
Phycochrome

Phy"co*chrome
(?)
n.
[Gr. fy^kos seaweed + chrw^ma color.]
(Bot.)
A bluish green coloring matter of certain algæ.


word: Phycocyanine
definition:
Phycocyanine

Phycocyanin

{ Phy`co*cy"a*nin (?), Phy`co*cy"a*nine (?), }
n.
[Gr. fy^kos seaweed + E. cyanin.]
A blue coloring matter found in certain algae.


word: Phycoerythrine
definition:
Phycoerythrine

Phycoerythrin

{ Phy`co*e*ryth"rin (?), Phy`co*e*ryth"rine (?), }
n.
[Gr. fy^kos seaweed + E. erythrin, -ine.]
A red coloring matter found in algae of the subclass Florideae.


word: Phycology
definition:
Phycology

Phy*col"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Gr. fy^kos seaweed + -logy.]
The science of algae, or seaweeds; algology.


word: Phycomater
definition:
Phycomater

Phy`co*ma"ter
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fy^kos seaweed + L. mater mother.]
(Bot.)
A gelatin in which the algae spores have been supposed to vegetate.


word: Phycomycetes
definition:
Phycomycetes

Phy`co*my*ce"tes
(?)
n. pl.
[NL.; Gr. fy^kos seaweed + mycetes.]
(Bot.)
A large, important class of parasitic or saprophytic fungi, the algal or algalike fungi.  The plant body ranges from an undifferentiated mass of protoplasm to a well-developed and much-branched mycelium.  Reproduction is mainly sexual, by the formation of conidia or sporangia; but the group shows every form of transition from this method through simple conjugation to perfect sexual reproduction by egg and sperm in the higher forms.
Phy`co*my*ce"tous (#), a.


word: Phycophaeine
definition:
Phycophaeine

Phy`co*phæ"ine
(?)
n.
[Gr. fy^kos seaweed + (_;) dusky.]
A brown coloring matter found in certain algæ.


word: Phycoxanthine
definition:
Phycoxanthine

Phycoxanthin

{ Phy`co*xan"thin (?), Phy`co*xan"thine (?), }
n.
[Gr. fy^kos seaweed + _; yellow.]
A yellowish coloring matter found in certain algae.


word: Phylacterical
definition:
Phylacterical

Phylacteric

{ Phyl`ac*ter"ic (?), Phyl`ac*ter"ic*al (?), }
a.
Of or pertaining to phylacteries.


word: Phylactery
definition:
Phylactery

Phy*lac"ter*y
(?)
n.
pl. Phylacteries (#).
[OE. filateri, OF. filatire, filatiere, F. phylactère, L. phylacterium, Gr. fylakth`rion, fr. fylakth`r a watcher, guard, fyla`ssein to watch, guard.  Cf. Philatory.]
1.
Any charm or amulet worn as a preservative from danger or disease.

2.
A small square box, made either of parchment or of black calfskin, containing slips of parchment or vellum on which are written the scriptural passages Exodus xiii. 2-10, and 11-17, Deut. vi. 4-9, 13-22.  They are worn by Jews on the head and left arm, on week-day mornings, during the time of prayer.
Schaff-Herzog Encyc.

3.
Among the primitive Christians, a case in which the relics of the dead were inclosed.


word: Phylactocarp
definition:
Phylactocarp

Phy*lac"to*carp
(?)
n.
[Gr. fyla`ssein to guard + karpo`s fruit.]
(Zool.)
A branch of a plumularian hydroid specially modified in structure for the protection of the gonothecæ.


word: Phylactolaemata
definition:
Phylactolaemata

Phylactolaema

{ &VerbarPhy*lac`to*læ"ma (?), &VerbarPhy*lac`to*læ"ma*ta (?), }
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fyla`ssein to guard + laimo`s the gullet.]
(Zool.)
An order of fresh-water Bryozoa in which the tentacles are arranged on a horseshoe-shaped lophophore, and the mouth is covered by an epistome.  Called also Lophopoda, and hippocrepians.


word: Phylactolemata
definition:
Phylactolemata

Phylactolema

{ &VerbarPhy*lac`to*le"ma (?), &VerbarPhy*lac`to*le"ma*ta (?), }
n. pl.
[NL.]
(Zool.)
Same as Phylactolæma.


word: Phylarch
definition:
Phylarch

Phy"larch
(?)
n.
[L. phylarchus, Gr. _;. See Phyle, and -arch.]
(Gr. Antiq.)
The chief of a phyle, or tribe.


word: Phylarchy
definition:
Phylarchy

Phy"larch*y
(?)
n.
[Gr. fylarchi`a.]
The office of a phylarch; government of a class or tribe.


word: Phyle
definition:
Phyle

Phy"le
(?)
n.
pl. Phylæ (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. _; a body of men united by ties of blood or habitation.]
A local division of the people in ancient Athens; a clan; a tribe.


word: Phyllite
definition:
Phyllite

Phyl"lite
(?)
n.
[See Phylo-.]
(Min.)
(a)
A mineral related to ottrelite.
(b)
Clay slate; argillaceous schist.


word: Phyllobranchia
definition:
Phyllobranchia

Phyl`lo*bran"chi*a
(?)
n.
pl. Phyllobranciæ (#).
[NL. See Phyllo-, and Branchia.]
(Zool.)
A crustacean gill composed of lamellae.


word: phyllocladium
definition:
phyllocladium

phylloclade

phylloclade, &Verbarphyl`lo*cla"di*um
(?)
n.
pl. Phyllocladia (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. fy`llon a leaf + kla`dos a sprout.]
(Bot.)
A flattened stem or branch which more or less resembles a leaf, and performs the function of a leaf as regards respiration and assimilation.

Syn. -- cladode, cladophyll, phylloclad.


word: Phyllocladus
definition:
Phyllocladus

Phyllocladus
prop. n.
A genus consisting of celery pine.

Syn. -- genus Phyllocladus.


word: Phyllocyanin
definition:
Phyllocyanin

Phyl`lo*cy"a*nin
(?)
n.
[Phyllo- + cyanin.]
(Chem.)
A blue coloring matter extracted from chlorophyll.
[Written also phyllocyanine.]


word: Phyllodium
definition:
Phyllodium

Phyl*lo"di*um
(?)
n.
pl. Phyllodia (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. _; leaflike; fy`llon leaf + e'i^dos form.]
(Bot.)
A petiole dilated into the form of a blade, and usually with vertical edges, as in the Australian acacias.


word: Phyllody
definition:
Phyllody

Phyl"lo*dy
(fĭl"lo̝*d&ybreve_;)
n.
[See Phyllodium.]
(Bot.)
A retrograde metamorphosis of the floral organs to the condition of leaves.


word: Phyllomania
definition:
Phyllomania

Phyl`lo*ma"ni*a
(fĭl`lo̝*mā"nĭ*ȧ)
n.
[Phyllo- + mania.]
(Bot.)
An abnormal or excessive production of leaves.


word: phyllome
definition:
phyllome

phyl"lome
(fĭl"l&omacrm)
n.
[Gr. fy`llwma foliage, fr. fy`llon a leaf.]
(Bot.)
A foliar part of a plant; any organ homologous with a leaf, or produced by metamorphosis of a leaf.


word: Phyllomorphosis
definition:
Phyllomorphosis

Phyl`lo*mor*pho"sis
(?)
n.
[NL. See Phyllo-, Morphosis.]
(Bot.)
The succession and variation of leaves during different seasons.
R. Brown.


word: Phyllophagan
definition:
Phyllophagan

Phyl*loph"a*gan
(?)
n.
[Phyllo- + Gr. fagei^n to eat.]
(Zool.)
(a)
One of a group of marsupials including the phalangists.
(b)
One of a tribe of beetles which feed upon the leaves of plants, as the chafers.


word: Phyllophorous
definition:
Phyllophorous

Phyl*loph"o*rous
(?)
a.
[Phyllo- + Gr. fe`rein to bear.]
(Bot.)
Leaf-bearing; producing leaves.


word: phyllopod
definition:
phyllopod

phyl"lo*pod
(fĭl"lo̝*p&obreve_;d)
n.
(Zool.)
One of the Phyllopoda. [Also used adjectively.]


word: Phyllopoda
definition:
Phyllopoda

Phyl*lop"o*da
(fĭl*l&obreve_;p"o̝*dȧ)
prop. n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fy`llon a leaf + -poda.]
(Zool.)
An order of Entomostraca including a large number of species, most of which live in fresh water.  They have flattened or leaflike legs, often very numerous, which they use in swimming. Called also Branchiopoda.

&hand_; In some, the body is covered with a bivalve shell (Holostraca); in others, as Apus, by a shield-shaped carapace (Monostraca); in others, like Artemia, there is no carapace, and the body is regularly segmented.  Sometimes the group is made to include also the Cladocera.


word: Phyllopodous
definition:
Phyllopodous

Phyl*lop"o*dous
(fĭl*l&obreve_;p"o̝*dŭs)
a.
(Zool.)
Of or pertaining to the Phyllopoda.


word: Phyllorhine
definition:
Phyllorhine

Phyl"lo*rhine
(fĭl"lo̝*rīn)
a.
[Phyllo- + Gr. "ri`s, "rino`s, the nose.]
(Zool.)
Of or pertaining to Phyllorhina and other related genera of bats that have a leaflike membrane around the nostrils.


word: Phyllosoma
definition:
Phyllosoma

Phyl`lo*so"ma
(fĭl`lo̝*s&omacr"mȧ)
n.
[NL. See Phyllo-, and -some body.]
(Zool.)
The larva of the spiny lobsters (Palinurus and allied genera).  Its body is remarkably thin, flat, and transparent; the legs are very long.  Called also glass-crab, and glass-shrimp.


word: Phyllostome
definition:
Phyllostome

Phyl"lo*stome
(fĭl"lo̝*st&omacrm)
n.
[Phyllo- + Gr. sto`ma mouth.]
(Zool.)
Any bat of the genus Phyllostoma, or allied genera, having large membranes around the mouth and nose; a nose-leaf bat.


word: Phyllotaxis
definition:
Phyllotaxis

Phyllotaxy

{ Phyl"lo*tax`y (fĭl"lo̝*tăks`&ybreve_;), Phyl"lo*tax`is (fĭl"lo̝*tăks`ĭs), }
n.
[Phyllo- + Gr. ta`xis order.]
(Bot.)
The order or arrangement of leaves on the stem; the science of the relative position of leaves.


word: Phyllous
definition:
Phyllous

Phyl"lous
(fĭl"lŭs)
a.
(Bot.)
Homologous with a leaf; as, the sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils are phyllous organs.


word: Phylloxanthin
definition:
Phylloxanthin

Phyl`lo*xan"thin
(?)
n.
[Phyllo- + Gr. xanqo`s yellow.]
(Bot.)
A yellow coloring matter extracted from chlorophyll.


word: Phylloxera
definition:
Phylloxera

Phyl`lox*e"ra
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fy`llon leaf + xhro`s dry.]
1.
(Zool.)
A small hemipterous insect (Phylloxera vastatrix) allied to the aphids.  It attacks the roots and leaves of the grapevine, doing great damage, especially in Europe.

&hand_; It exists in several forms, some of which are winged, other wingless.  One form produces galls on the leaves and twigs, another affects the roots, causing galls or swellings, and often killing the vine.

2.
The diseased condition of a vine caused by the insect just described.


word: Phylloxeridae
definition:
Phylloxeridae

Phylloxeridae
prop. n.
A natural family consisting of the plant lice.

Syn. -- family Phylloxeridae.


word: phylogeny
definition:
phylogeny

phylogenesis

{ phy`lo*gen"e*sis (fī`lo̝*jĕn;e̝*sĭs), phy*log"e*ny (fī*l&obreve_;j"e̝*n&ybreve_;), }
n.
[Gr. fy^lon race, tribe + E. genesis, or root of Gr. gi`gnesqai to be born.]
The history of genealogical development; the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms; the historic exolution of the phylon or tribe, in distinction from ontogeny, or the development of the individual organism, and from biogenesis, or life development generally.

Syn. -- evolution.


word: Phylogenetic
definition:
Phylogenetic

Phy*lo*ge*net"ic
(?)
a.
Relating to phylogenesis, or the evolutionary history of a type of organism.
Phy*lo*ge*net"ic*al*ly (#), adv.


word: Phylum
definition:
Phylum

Phy"lum
(?)
n.
pl. Phyla (#).
[NL. See Phylon.]
1.
(Zool.)
One of the larger divisions of the animal kingdom; a branch; a grand division.

2.
(Biol.)
A series of animals or plants genetically connected.


word: Phyma
definition:
Phyma

Phy"ma
(?)
n.
pl. Phymata (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. fy^ma, fr. fy`ein to produce.]
(Med.)
A tubercle on any external part of the body.


word: Physa
definition:
Physa

Phy"sa
(?)
prop. n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fy^sa a bellows.]
(Zool.)
A genus of fresh-water Pulmonifera, having reversed spiral shells. See Pond snail, under Pond.


word: Physalia
definition:
Physalia

Phy*sa"li*a
(?)
prop. n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fysalli`s a bladder, fr. fy^sa a bellows.]
(Zool.)
A genus of large oceanic Siphonophora which includes the Portuguese man-of-war.

&hand_; It has a large air sac, or float, with a sail-like crest on its upper side. Numerous zooids of different kinds are attached to the under side of the float. Some of the zooids have very long tentacles; some have a mouth and digest food; others produce gonophores. The American species (Physalia arethusa) is brilliantly colored, the float being pink or purple, and bright blue; the zooids blue. It is noted for its virulent stinging powers, as well as for its beautiful colors, graceful motions, and its ability to sail to windward.


word: Physaria
definition:
Physaria

Physaria
prop. n.
A small genus of Western North American herbs similar to Lesquerella; the bladderpods.

Syn. -- genus Physaria.


word: Physemaria
definition:
Physemaria

Phys`e*ma"ri*a
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., from Gr. fy^shma a blowing.]
(Zool.)
A group of simple marine organisms, usually classed as the lowest of the sponges. They have inflated hollow bodies.


word: Physeter
definition:
Physeter

Phy*se"ter
(fī*sē"tẽr)
n.
[L., fr. Gr. fyshth`r, fr. fysa^n to blow: cf. F. physétère.]
[capitalized]
1.
(Zool.)
The genus that includes the sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus).

2.
A filtering machine operated by air pressure.


word: Physianthropy
definition:
Physianthropy

Phys`i*an"thro*py
(?)
n.
[Gr. fy`sis nature + 'a`nqrwpos man.]
The philosophy of human life, or the doctrine of the constitution and diseases of man, and their remedies.


word: Physic
definition:
Physic

Phys"ic
(fĭz"ĭk)
n.
[OE. phisike, fisike, OF. phisique, F. physique knowledge of nature, physics, L. physica, physice, fr. Gr. fysikh`, fr. fysiko`s natural, from fy`sis nature, fr. fy`ein to produce, grow, akin to E. be. See Be, and cf. Physics, Physique.]
1.
The art of healing diseases; the science of medicine; the theory or practice of medicine; -- an archaic term, superseded by medicine.
[archaic]
physik
Chaucer.

2.
A specific internal application for the cure or relief of sickness; a remedy for disease; a medicine.

3.
Specifically, a medicine that purges; a cathartic.

4.
A physician.
[R.]
Shak.

Physic nut (Bot.), a small tropical American euphorbiaceous tree (Jatropha Curcas), and its seeds, which are well flavored, but contain a drastic oil which renders them dangerous if eaten in large quantities.


word: Physic₂
definition:
Physic

Phys"ic
(fĭz"ĭk)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Physiced (fĭz"ĭkt); p. pr. & vb. n. Physicking (fĭz"ĭk*ĭng).]
1.
To treat with physic or medicine; to administer medicine to, esp. a cathartic; to operate on as a cathartic; to purge.

2.
To work on as a remedy; to heal; to cure.

The labor we delight in physics pain.
Shak.

A mind diseased no remedy can physic.
Byron.


word: Physical
definition:
Physical

Phys"ic*al
(fĭz"ĭ*kal)
a.
1.
Of or pertaining to nature (as including all created existences); in accordance with the laws of nature; also, of or relating to natural or material things, or to the bodily structure, as opposed to things mental, moral, spiritual, or imaginary; material; natural; as, armies and navies are the physical force of a nation; the body is the physical part of man.

Labor, in the physical world, is . . . employed in putting objects in motion.
J. S. Mill.

A society sunk in ignorance, and ruled by mere physical force.
Macaulay.

2.
Of or pertaining to physics, or natural philosophy; treating of, or relating to, the causes and connections of natural phenomena; as, physical science; physical laws.
Physical
Pope.

3.
Perceptible through a bodily or material organization; cognizable by the senses; external; as, the physical, opposed to chemical, characters of a mineral.

4.
Of or pertaining to physic, or the art of medicine; medicinal; curative; healing; also, cathartic; purgative.
[Obs.]
Physical
Sir T. North.

Is Brutus sick? and is it physical
To walk unbraced, and suck up the humors
Of the dank morning?
Shak.

Physical astronomy, that part of astronomy which treats of the causes of the celestial motions; specifically, that which treats of the motions resulting from universal gravitation. -- Physical education, training of the bodily organs and powers with a view to the promotion of health and vigor. -- Physical examination (Med.), an examination of the bodily condition of a person. -- Physical geography. See under Geography. -- Physical point, an indefinitely small portion of matter; a point conceived as being without extension, yet having physical properties, as weight, inertia, momentum, etc.; a material point. -- Physical signs (Med.), the objective signs of the bodily state afforded by a physical examination.


word: physicalism
definition:
physicalism

physicalism
n.
(Philosophy)
The doctrine that matter is the only reality.

Syn. -- materialism.


word: physicality
definition:
physicality

physicality
n.
A preoccupation with satisfaction of physical drives and appetites; -- of people.

Syn. -- animalism.


word: Physically
definition:
Physically

Phys"ic*al*ly
adv.
In a physical manner; according to the laws of nature or physics; by physical force; not morally.

I am not now treating physically of light or colors.
Locke.

2.
According to the rules of medicine.
[Obs.]

He that lives physically must live miserably.
Cheyne.


word: physicalness
definition:
physicalness
physicalness
n.
The quality of being physical; consisting of matter; materiality.

Syn. -- materiality, corporeality.


word: Physician
definition:
Physician

Phy*si"cian
(fĭ*zĭsh"an)
n.
[OE. fisician, fisicien, OF. physucien, a physician, in F., a natural philosopher, an experimentalist in physics. See Physic.]
1.
A person skilled in medicine, or the art of healing; especially, one trained and licensed to treat illness and prescribe medicines; a doctor of medicine.

2.
Hence, figuratively, one who ministers to moral diseases; as, a physician of the soul.


word: Physicism
definition:
Physicism

Phys"i*cism
(fĭz"ĭ*sĭz'm)
n.
The tendency of the mind toward, or its preoccupation with, physical phenomena; materialism in philosophy and religion.

Anthropomorphism grows into theology, while physicism (if I may so call it) develops into science.
Huxley.


word: Physicist
definition:
Physicist

Phys"i*cist
(fĭz"ĭ*sĭst)
n.
One versed in physics.

2.
(Biol.)
A believer in the theory that the fundamental phenomena of life are to be explained upon purely chemical and physical principles; -- opposed to vitalist.


word: Physico-
definition:
Physico-

Phys"i*co-
(fĭz"ĭ*ko̝-)
[Fr. Gr. fysiko`s natural, physical.]
A combining form, denoting relation to, or dependence upon, natural causes, or the science of physics.


word: Physicochemical
definition:
Physicochemical

Phys`i*co*chem"ic*al
(?)
a.
[Physico- + chemical.]
Involving the principles of both physics and chemistry; dependent on, or produced by, the joint action of physical and chemical agencies.
Huxley.


word: Physicology
definition:
Physicology

Phys`i*col"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Physico- + -logy.]
Physics.
[R.]
Phys`i*col"o*gist (#), n. [R.]


word: Physico-philosophy
definition:
Physico-philosophy

Phys`i*co-phi*los"o*phy
(?)
n.
[Physico- + philosophy.]
The philosophy of nature.


word: Physico-theology
definition:
Physico-theology

Phys`i*co-the*ol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Physico- + theology.]
Theology or divinity illustrated or enforced by physics or natural philosophy.


word: Physics
definition:
Physics

Phys"ics
(?)
n.
[See Physic.]
The science of nature, or of natural objects; that branch of science which treats of the laws and properties of matter, and the forces acting upon it; especially, that department of natural science which treats of the causes (as gravitation, heat, light, magnetism, electricity, etc.) that modify the general properties of bodies; natural philosophy.

&hand_; Chemistry, though a branch of general physics, is commonly treated as a science by itself, and the application of physical principles which it involves constitute a branch called chemical physics, which treats more especially of those physical properties of matter which are used by chemists in defining and distinguishing substances.


word: Physiocrat
definition:
Physiocrat

Phys"i*o*crat
(fĭz"ĭ*o̝*krăt)
n.
[Gr. fy`sis nature + kratei^n to rule.]
One of the followers of Quesnay of France, who, in the 18th century, founded a system of political economy based upon the supremacy of natural order.
F. A. Walker.
Phys`i*o*crat"ic (#), a.


word: Physiogeny
definition:
Physiogeny

Phys`i*og"e*ny
(fĭz`ĭ*&obreve_;j"e̝*n&ybreve_;)
n.
[Gr. fy`sis nature + root of gi`gnesqai to be born.]
(Biol.)
The germ history of the functions, or the history of the development of vital activities, in the individual, being one of the branches of ontogeny. See Morphogeny.
Haeckel.


word: Physiognomical
definition:
Physiognomical

Physiognomic

{ Phys`i*og*nom"ic (fĭz`ĭ*&obreve_;g*n&obreve_;m"ĭk), Phys`i*og*nom"ic*al (fĭz`ĭ*&obreve_;g*n&obreve_;m"ĭ*kal), }
a.
[Gr. fysiognwmoniko`s: cf. F. physiognomonique.]
Of or pertaining to physiognomy; according with the principles of physiognomy.
Phys`i*og*nom"ic*al*ly, adv.


word: Physiognomist₂
definition:
Physiognomist

Phys`i*og"no*mist
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. physiognomiste.]
1.
One skilled in physiognomy.
Dryden.

2.
One who tells fortunes by physiognomy.
Holland.


word: Physiognomy
definition:
Physiognomy

Phys`i*og"no*my
(fĭz`ĭ*&obreve_;g"n&obreve_;*m&ybreve_;; 277)
n.
pl. Physiognomies (fĭz`ĭ*&obreve_;g"n&obreve_;*mĭz).
[OE. fisonomie, phisonomie, fisnamie, OF. phisonomie, F. physiognomie, physiognomonie, from Gr. fysiognwmoni`a; fy`sis nature + gnw`mwn one who knows or examines, a judge, fr. gnw^mai, gignw`skein, to know. See Physic, and Know, and cf. Phiz.]
1.
The art and science of discovering the predominant temper, and other characteristic qualities of the mind, by the outward appearance, especially by the features of the face.

2.
The face or countenance, especially viewed as an indication of the temper of the mind; particular configuration, cast, or expression of countenance, as denoting character.

3.
The art telling fortunes by inspection of the features.
[Obs.]
Bale.

4.
The general appearance or aspect of a thing, without reference to its scientific characteristics; as, the physiognomy of a plant, or of a meteor.


word: Physiogony
definition:
Physiogony

Phys`i*og"o*ny
(?)
n.
[Gr. fy`sis nature + go`nos birth.]
The birth of nature.
[R.]
Coleridge.


word: Physiographical
definition:
Physiographical

Physiographic

{ Phys`i*o*graph"ic (?), Phys`i*o*graph"ic*al (?), }
a.
[Cf. F. physiographique.]
Of or pertaining to physiography.


word: Physiography
definition:
Physiography

Phys`i*og"ra*phy
(fĭz`ĭ*&obreve_;g"rȧ*f&ybreve_;)
n.
[Gr. fy`sis nature + -graphy: cf. F. physiographie.]
1.
The science which treats of the earth's exterior physical features, climate, life, etc., and of the physical movements or changes on the earth's surface, as the currents of the atmosphere and ocean, the secular variations in heat, moisture, magnetism, etc.; physical geography.

2.
The descriptive part of a natural science as distinguished from the explanatory or theoretic part; as, mineral physiography.


word: Physiolatry
definition:
Physiolatry

Phys`i*ol"a*try
(?)
n.
[Gr. fy`sis nature + _; service.]
The worship of the powers or agencies of nature; materialism in religion; nature worship.
physiolatry
M. Williams.


word: Physiologic
definition:
Physiologic

Phys`i*o*log"ic
(?)
a.
[L. physiologicus, Gr. _;: cf. F. physiologique.]
Physiological.


word: Physiological
definition:
Physiological

Phys`i*o*log"ic*al
(?)
a.
Of or pertaining to physiology; relating to the science of the functions of living organism; as, physiological botany or chemistry.


word: Physiologist
definition:
Physiologist

Phys`i*ol"o*gist
(fĭz`ĭ*&obreve_;l"o̝*jĭst)
n.
[Cf. F. physiologiste.]
One who is versed in the science of physiology; a student of the properties and functions of animal and vegetable organs and tissues.


word: Physiologize
definition:
Physiologize

Phys`i*ol"o*gize
(?)
v. i.
To speculate in physiology; to make physiological investigations.
Cudworth.


word: physiology
definition:
physiology

phys`i*ol"o*gy
(fĭz`ĭ*&obreve_;l"o̝*j&ybreve_;)
n.
pl. Physiologies (#).
[L. physiologia, Gr. fysiologi`a; fy`sis nature + lo`gos discourse: cf. F. physiologie.]
1.
The science which treats of the phenomena of living organisms; the study of the processes incidental to, and characteristic of, life.

&hand_; It is divided into animal and vegetable physiology, dealing with animal and vegetable life respectively. When applied especially to a study of the functions of the organs and tissues in man, it is called human physiology.

2.
A treatise on physiology.

Mental physiology, the science of the functions and phenomena of the mind, as distinguished from a philosophical explanation of the same.


word: Physiophyly
definition:
Physiophyly

Phys`i*oph"y*ly
(?)
n.
[Gr. fy`sis nature + _; a clan.]
(Biol.)
The tribal history of the functions, or the history of the paleontological development of vital activities, -- being a branch of phylogeny. See Morphophyly.
Haeckel.


word: physiotherapy
definition:
physiotherapy

phys`i*o*ther"a*py
(fĭz`ĭ*o̝*thẽr"ȧ*p&ybreve_;)
n.
Therapy that uses physical agents: exercise and massage and so on.

Syn. -- physical therapy, physiatrics.


word: Physique
definition:
Physique

Phy*sique"
(fĭ*zēk")
n.
[F. See Physic.]
The natural constitution, or physical structure, of a person.

With his white hair and splendid physique.
Mrs. Stowe.


word: Physoclisti
definition:
Physoclisti

Phys`o*clis"ti
(?)
prop. n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fy^sa a bellows + _; to close.]
(Zool.)
An order of teleost in which the air bladder has no opening.


word: Physograde
definition:
Physograde

Phys"o*grade
(?)
n.
[Gr. fy^sa a bellows + L. gradi to walk, go.]
(Zool.)
Any siphonophore which has an air sac for a float, as the Physalia.


word: Physophorae
definition:
Physophorae

Phy*soph"o*ræ
(?)
prop. n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fy^sa a bellows + fe`rein to bear.]
(Zool.)
An order of Siphonophora, furnished with an air sac, or float, and a series of nectocalyces. See Illust. under Nectocalyx.


word: Physopoda
definition:
Physopoda

Phy*sop"o*da
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fy^sa a bellows + -poda.]
(Zool.)
Same as Thysanoptera.


word: Physostigmine
definition:
Physostigmine

Phy`so*stig"mine
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
An alkaloid found in the Calabar bean (the seed of Physostigma venenosum), and extracted as a white, tasteless, substance, amorphous or crystalline; -- formerly called eserine, with which it was regarded as identical.


word: Physostomi
definition:
Physostomi

Phy*sos"to*mi
(fĭ*s&obreve_;s"to̝*mī)
prop. n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fy^sa a bellows + sto`ma mouth.]
(Zool.)
An order of fishes in which the air bladder is provided with a duct, and the ventral fins, when present, are abdominal.  It includes the salmons, herrings, carps, catfishes, and others.


word: Physostomous
definition:
Physostomous

Phy*sos"to*mous
(fĭ*s&obreve_;s"to̝*mŭs)
a.
(Zool.)
(a)
Having a duct to the air bladder.
(b)
Pertaining to the Physostomi.


word: Phytelephas
definition:
Phytelephas

Phy*tel"e*phas
(fī*tĕl"e̝*făs)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fyto`n a plant + ele`fos the elephant; also, ivory.]
(Bot.)
A genus of South American palm trees, the seeds of which furnish the substance called vegetable ivory.


word: Phytivorous
definition:
Phytivorous

Phy*tiv"o*rous
(?)
a.
[Phyto- + L. vorare to eat greedily.]
Feeding on plants or herbage; phytophagous; as, phytivorous animals.
Ray.


word: Phyto-
definition:
Phyto-

Phy"to-
(?)
[See Physic.]
A combining form from Gr. fyto`n a plant; as, phytochemistry, phytography.


word: Phytochemistry
definition:
Phytochemistry

Phy"to*chem"is*try
(?)
n.
[Phyto- + chemistry.]
Chemistry in its relation to vegetable bodies; vegetable chemistry.
R. Hunt.


word: Phytochimy
definition:
Phytochimy

Phy*toch"i*my
(?)
n.
[F. phytochimie; Gr. fyto`n a plant + F. chimie chemistry.]
Phytochemistry.
[Obsoles.]


word: Phytogeny
definition:
Phytogeny

Phytogenesis

{ Phy`to*gen"e*sis (?), Phy*tog"e*ny (?), }
n.
[Phyto- + genesis, or root of Gr. gi`gnesqai to be born.]
The doctrine of the generation of plants.


word: Phytogeography
definition:
Phytogeography

Phy`to*ge*og"ra*phy
(?)
n.
[Phyto- + geography.]
The geographical distribution of plants.


word: Phytoglyphy
definition:
Phytoglyphy

Phy*tog"ly*phy
(?)
n.
[Phyto- + Gr. gly`fein to engrave.]
See Nature printing, under Nature.


word: Phytographical
definition:
Phytographical

Phy`to*graph"ic*al
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. phytographique.]
Of or pertaining to phytography.


word: Phytography
definition:
Phytography

Phy*tog"ra*phy
(?)
n.
[Phyto- + -graphy: cf. F. phytographie.]
The science of describing plants in a systematic manner; also, a description of plants.


word: Phytolacca
definition:
Phytolacca

Phy`to*lac"ca
(?)
prop. n.
[NL., fr. Gr. fyto`n plant + It. lacca lac.]
(Bot.)
A genus of herbaceous plants, some of them having berries which abound in intensely red juice; poke, or pokeweed.


word: Phytolithology
definition:
Phytolithology

Phy`to*li*thol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Phyto- + lithology.]
The branch of science which treats of fossil plants; -- usually called paleobotany, sometimes paleophytology.


word: Phytological
definition:
Phytological

Phy`to*log"ic*al
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. phytologique.]
Of or pertaining to phytology; botanical.


word: Phytologist
definition:
Phytologist

Phy*tol"o*gist
(fī*t&obreve_;l"o̝*jĭst)
n.
One skilled in phytology; a writer on plants; a botanist.
Evelyn.


word: Phytology
definition:
Phytology

Phy*tol"o*gy
(fī*t&obreve_;l"o̝*j&ybreve_;)
n.
[Phyto- + -logy: cf. F. phytologie.]
The science of plants; a description of the kinds and properties of plants; botany.
Sir T. Browne.


word: Phytomeron
definition:
Phytomeron

Phytomer

{ Phy"to*mer (?), Phy*tom"e*ron (?), }
n.
[NL. phytomeron, fr. Gr. fyto`n plant + me`ros share.]
(Bot.)
An organic element of a flowering plant; a phyton.


word: Phyton
definition:
Phyton

Phy"ton
(?)
n.
pl. Phytons (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. fyto`n plant.]
(Bot.)
One of the parts which by their repetition make up a flowering plant, each being a single joint of a stem with its leaf or leaves; a phytomer.


word: Phytonomy
definition:
Phytonomy

Phy*ton"o*my
(?)
n.
[Phyto- + Gr. _; law: cf. F. phytonomie.]
The science of the origin and growth of plants.


word: Phytopathology
definition:
Phytopathology

Phy`to*pa*thol"o*gy
(?)
n.
[Phyto- + pathology.]
The science of diseases to which plants are liable.


word: Phytophaga
definition:
Phytophaga

Phy*toph"a*ga
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. fyto`n a plant + fagei^n to eat.]
(Zool.)
A division of Hymenoptera; the sawflies.


word: Phytophagous
definition:
Phytophagous

Phy*toph"a*gous
(?)
a.
[Phyto- + Gr. fagei^n to eat.]
(Zool.)
Feeding on plants; herbivorous; as, a phytophagous animal.


word: Phytotomy
definition:
Phytotomy

Phy*tot"o*my
(?)
n.
[Phyto- + Gr. te`mnein to cut.]
The dissection of plants; vegetable anatomy.


word: Phytozoon
definition:
Phytozoon

Phy`to*zo"ön
(?)
n.
pl. Phytozoa (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. fyto`n + zw^,on an animal.]
(Zool.)
A plantlike animal. The term is sometimes applied to zoophytes.


word: Pi
definition:
Pi

Pi
(pē` ī")
n.
(Chem.)
The inorganic orthophoshate ion; -- a symbol used in biochemistry.
[acronym]


word: Pi₂
definition:
Pi

Pi
(pī)
n.
[See Pica, Pie magpie, service-book.]
(Print.)
A mass of type confusedly mixed or unsorted.
[Written also pie.]


word: Pi₃
definition:
Pi

Pi
(pī)
n.
[Gr. pi^.]
1.
A Greek letter (Π, π) corresponding to the Roman letter P.

2.
Specifically:
(Math.)
The letter π, Π, as used to denote the number or quotient approximately expressing the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter; also, the quotient or the ratio itself. The value of the quotient pi, to twenty decimal places, is 3.14159265358979323846 (see note). The number pi is an irrational number, i.e. it cannot be expressed as the quotient of two integers.  It is also a transcendental number, i.e. it cannot be expressed as a root of an algebraic equation with a finite number of terms; and from this fact follows the impossibility of the quadrature of the circle by purely algebraic processes, or by the aid of a ruler and compass.

&hand_;  The first 1000 decimal digits of the number pi are as displayed below.

The digits are arranged as five sets of ten digits per line in twenty lines, proceeding left to right in each line.

3.
1415926535   8979323846   2643383279   5028841971   6939937510
5820974944   5923078164   0628620899   8628034825   3421170679
8214808651   3282306647   0938446095   5058223172   5359408128
4811174502   8410270193   8521105559   6446229489   5493038196
4428810975   6659334461   2847564823   3786783165   2712019091
4564856692   3460348610   4543266482   1339360726   0249141273
7245870066   0631558817   4881520920   9628292540   9171536436
7892590360   0113305305   4882046652   1384146951   9415116094
3305727036   5759591953   0921861173   8193261179   3105118548
0744623799   6274956735   1885752724   8912279381   8301194912
9833673362   4406566430   8602139494   6395224737   1907021798
6094370277   0539217176   2931767523   8467481846   7669405132
0005681271   4526356082   7785771342   7577896091   7363717872
1468440901   2249534301   4654958537   1050792279   6892589235
4201995611   2129021960   8640344181   5981362977   4771309960
5187072113   4999999837   2978049951   0597317328   1609631859
5024459455   3469083026   4252230825   3344685035   2619311881
7101000313   7838752886   5875332083   8142061717   7669147303
5982534904   2875546873   1159562863   8823537875   9375195778
1857780532   1712268066   1300192787   6611195909   2164201989


word: Pi₄
definition:
Pi

Pi
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pieing (?).]
(Print.)
To put into a mixed and disordered condition, as type; to mix and disarrange the type of; as, to pi a form.
[Written also pie.]


word: Piacle
definition:
Piacle

Pi"a*cle
(?)
n.
[L. piaculum a propitiatory sacrifice, that which requires expiation, a wicked action, fr. piare to appease, to expiate, pius pious.]
A heinous offense which requires expiation.
[R.]
Howell.


word: Piacular
definition:
Piacular

Pi*ac"u*lar
(?)
a.
[L. piacularis: cf. F. piaculaire.]
1.
Expiatory; atoning.
Sir G. C. Lewis.

2.
Requiring expiation; criminal; atrociously bad.
Piacular
De Quincey.


word: Piacularity
definition:
Piacularity

Pi*ac`u*lar"i*ty
(?)
n.
The quality or state of being piacular; criminality; wickedness.
De Quincey.


word: Pia mater
definition:
Pia mater

Pi"a ma"ter
(?)
[NL., fr. L. pia (fem. of pius tender, kind) + mater mother.]
(Anat.)
The delicate and highly vascular membrane immediately investing the brain and spinal cord.


word: Pian
definition:
Pian

Pian
(?)
n.
[Pg. pian, epian, or. Sp. pian; from the native name in South America: cf. F. pian.]
(Med.)
The yaws. See Yaws.


word: Pianet
definition:
Pianet

Pi"a*net`
(?)
n.
[Cf. Pie magpie.]
(Zool.)
(a)
The magpie.
[Written also pianate, and pyenate.]
(b)
The lesser woodpecker.
[Obs.]
Bailey.


word: Pianino
definition:
Pianino

Pi`a*ni"no
(?)
n.
[It., dim. of piano, adj. See Piano.]
(Mus.)
A pianette, or small piano.


word: Pianissimo
definition:
Pianissimo

Pi`a*nis"si*mo
(?)
a.
[It., superl. of piano.]
(Mus.)
Very soft; -- a direction to execute a passage as softly as possible. (Abbrev. pp.)


word: Pianist
definition:
Pianist

Pi*an"ist
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. pianiste, It. pianista.]
A performer, esp. a skilled performer, on the piano.


word: Piano
definition:
Piano

Pi*a"no
(?)
a. & adv.
[It., even, smooth, soft, fr. L. planus even, level.]
(Mus.)
Soft; -- a direction to the performer to execute a certain passage softly, and with diminished volume of tone. (Abbrev. p.)


word: Piano₂
definition:
Piano

Pianoforte

{ Pi*an"o (?), Pi*an"o*for`te (?), }
n.
[It. piano soft (fr. L. planus even, smooth; see Plain, a.) + It. forte strong, fr. L. fortis (see Fort).]
(Mus.)
A well-known musical instrument somewhat resembling the harpsichord, and consisting of a series of wires of graduated length, thickness, and tension, struck by hammers moved by keys.

Dumb piano. See Digitorium. -- Grand piano. See under Grand. -- Square piano, one with a horizontal frame and an oblong case. -- Upright piano, one with an upright frame and vertical wires.


word: Pianograph
definition:
Pianograph

Pi*an"o*graph
(?)
n.
[Piano + -graph.]
(Mus.)
A form of melodiograph applied to a piano.


word: Pianola
definition:
Pianola

Pianola
n.
A mechanically operated piano that uses a roll of perforated paper to activate the keys.

Syn. -- mechanical piano, player piano.


word: Piarist
definition:
Piarist

Pi"a*rist
(?)
n.
[L. pius pious.]
(R. C. Ch.)
One of a religious order who are the regular clerks of the Scuole Pie (religious schools), an institute of secondary education, founded at Rome in the last years of the 16th century.
Addis & Arnold.


word: Piassava
definition:
Piassava

Pi*as"sa*va
(?)
n.
[Pg. piasaba.]
A fibrous product of two Brazilian palm trees (Attalea funifera and Leopoldinia Piassaba), -- used in making brooms, and for other purposes. Called also piaçaba and piasaba.


word: Piaster
definition:
Piaster

Pi*as"ter
(?)
n.
[F. piastre, It. piastra a thin plate of metal, a dollar, LL. piastra, fr. L. emplastrum. See Plaster.]
A silver coin of Spain and various other countries. See Peso. The Spanish piaster (commonly called peso, or peso duro) is of about the value of the American dollar. The Italian piaster, or scudo, was worth from 80 to 100 cents. The Turkish and Egyptian piasters are now worth about four and a half cents.


word: Piazza
definition:
Piazza

Pi*az"za
(?)
n.
pl. Piazzas (#).
[It., place, square, market place, L. platea street, courtyard. See Place.]
An open square in a European town, especially an Italian town; hence (Arch.), an arcaded and roofed gallery; a portico. In the United States the word is popularly applied to a veranda.

We walk by the obelisk, and meditate in piazzas.
Jer. Taylor.


word: Pibcorn
definition:
Pibcorn

Pib"corn`
(?)
n.
[W. pib pipe + corn horn.]
(Mus.)
A wind instrument or pipe, with a horn at each end, -- used in Wales.


word: Pibroch
definition:
Pibroch

Pi"broch
(?)
n.
[Gael. piobaireachd pipe music, fr. piobair a piper, fr. pioba pipe, bagpipe, from English. See Pipe, n.]
A Highland air, suited to the particular passion which the musician would either excite or assuage; generally applied to those airs that are played on the bagpipe before the Highlanders when they go out to battle.
Jamieson.


word: Pica
definition:
Pica

Pi"ca
(?)
n.
[L. pica a pie, magpie; in sense 3 prob. named from some resemblance to the colors of the magpie.  Cf. Pie magpie.]
1.
(Zool.)
The genus that includes the magpies.

2.
(Med.)
A vitiated appetite that craves what is unfit for food, such as clay, chalk, ashes, coal, etc.; chthonophagia.

Syn. -- allotriophagy.

3.
(R. C. Ch.)
A service-book. See Pie.
[Obs.]

4.
(Print.)
A size of type next larger than small pica, and smaller than English.

&hand_; This line is printed in pica

&hand_; Pica is twice the size of nonpareil, and is used as a standard of measurement in casting leads, cutting rules, etc., and also as a standard by which to designate several larger kinds of type, as double pica, two-line pica, four-line pica, and the like.

Small pica (Print.), a size of type next larger than long primer, and smaller than pica.

&hand_; This line is printed in small pica


word: Picador
definition:
Picador

Pic`a*dor"
(?)
n.
[Sp.]
A horseman armed with a lance, who in a bullfight receives the first attack of the bull, and excites him by picking him without attempting to kill him.


word: Picamar
definition:
Picamar

Pic"a*mar`
(?)
n.
[L. pix, picis, pitch + amarus bitter.]
(Chem.)
An oily liquid hydrocarbon extracted from the creosote of beechwood tar. It consists essentially of certain derivatives of pyrogallol.


word: Picard
definition:
Picard

Pic"ard
(?)
n.
(Eccl. Hist.)
One of a sect of Adamites in the fifteenth century; -- so called from one Picard of Flanders. See Adamite.


word: Picaresque
definition:
Picaresque

Pic`a*resque"
(?)
a.
[F., fr. Sp. picaro rogue.]
Applied to that class of literature in which the principal personage is the Spanish picaro, meaning a rascal, a knave, a rogue, an adventurer.


word: Picariæ
definition:
Picariæ

Pi*ca"ri*æ
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. L. picus a woodpecker.]
(Zool.)
An extensive division of birds which includes the woodpeckers, toucans, trogons, hornbills, kingfishers, motmots, rollers, and goatsuckers. By some writers it is made to include also the cuckoos, swifts, and humming birds.


word: Picaroon
definition:
Picaroon

Pic`a*roon"
(?)
n.
[Sp. picaron, aug. of picaro roguish, n., a rogue.]
One who plunders; especially, a plunderer of wrecks; a pirate; a corsair; a marauder; a sharper.
Sir W. Temple.


word: Picayune
definition:
Picayune

Pic`a*yune"
(?)
n.
[From the language of the Caribs.]
A small coin of the value of six and a quarter cents. See Fippenny bit.
[Local, U.S.]


word: Piccadilly
definition:
Piccadilly

Piccadil

{ Pic"ca*dil (?), Pic`ca*dil"ly (?), }
n.
[OF. piccagilles the several divisions of pieces fastened together about the brim of the collar of a doublet, a dim. fr. Sp. picado, p. p. of picar to prick. See Pike.]
A high, stiff collar for the neck; also, a hem or band about the skirt of a garment, -- worn by men in the 17th century.


word: Piccage
definition:
Piccage

Pic"cage
(?)
n.
[LL. piccadium, fr. F. piquer to prick.]
(O. Eng. Law)
Money paid at fairs for leave to break ground for booths.
Ainsworth.


word: Piccalilli
definition:
Piccalilli

Pic"ca*lil`li
(?)
n.
A pickle of various vegetables with pungent species, -- originally made in the East Indies.


word: Piccolo
definition:
Piccolo

Pic"co*lo
(?)
n.
[It., small.]
1.
(Mus.)
A small, shrill flute, the pitch of which is an octave higher than the ordinary flute; an octave flute.

2.
(Mus.)
A small upright piano.

3.
(Mus.)
An organ stop, with a high, piercing tone.


word: Pice
definition:
Pice

Pice
(?)
n.
[Hind. paisā]
A small copper coin of the East Indies, worth less than a cent.
Malcom.


word: Picea
definition:
Picea

Pic"e*a
(?)
n.
[L., the pitch pine, from pix, picis, pitch.]
(Bot.)
A genus of coniferous trees of the northen hemisphere, including the Norway spruce and the American black and white spruces. These trees have pendent cones, which do not readily fall to pieces, in this and other respects differing from the firs.


word: Picene
definition:
Picene

Pi"cene
(?)
n.
[See Piceous.]
(Chem.)
A hydrocarbon (C_;H_;) extracted from the pitchy residue of coal tar and petroleum as a bluish fluorescent crystalline substance.


word: Piceous
definition:
Piceous

Pic"e*ous
(?)
a.
[L. piceus, fr. pix, picis, pitch.]
Of or pertaining to pitch; resembling pitch in color or quality; pitchy.


word: Pichey
definition:
Pichey

Pi"chey
(?)
n.
[Native name.]
(Zool.)
A Brazilian armadillo (Dasypus minutus); the little armadillo.
[Written also pichiy.]


word: Pichiciago
definition:
Pichiciago

Pi`chi*ci*a"go
(?)
n.
[Native name.]
(Zool.)
A small, burrowing, South American edentate (Chlamyphorus truncatus), allied to the armadillos. The shell is attached only along the back.
[Written also pichyciego.]


word: Pichurim bean
definition:
Pichurim bean

Pich"u*rim bean`
(pĭch"&uuptack_;*rĭm bēn`)
(Bot.)
The seed of a Brazilian lauraceous tree (Nectandra Puchury) of a taste and smell between those of nutmeg and of sassafras, -- sometimes used medicinally.  Called also sassafras nut.


word: Pici
definition:
Pici

Pi"ci
(pī"sī)
prop. n. pl.
[NL., fr. L. picus a woodpecker.]
(Zool.)
A division of birds including the woodpeckers and wrynecks.


word: Piciformes
definition:
Piciformes

Pic`i*for"mes
(pĭs`ĭ*fôr"mēz)
prop. n. pl.
[NL. See Picus, and -form.]
(Zool.)
A group of birds including the woodpeckers, toucans, barbets, colies, kingfishes, hornbills, and some other related groups.


word: Pick
definition:
Pick

Pick
(pĭk)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Picked (pĭkt); p. pr. & vb. n. Picking.]
[OE. picken, pikken, to prick, peck; akin to Icel. pikka, Sw. picka, Dan. pikke, D. pikken, G. picken, F. piquer, W. pigo.  Cf. Peck, v., Pike, Pitch to throw.]
1.
To throw; to pitch.
[Obs.]

As high as I could pick my lance.
Shak.

2.
To peck at, as a bird with its beak; to strike at with anything pointed; to act upon with a pointed instrument; to pierce; to prick, as with a pin.

3.
To separate or open by means of a sharp point or points; as, to pick matted wool, cotton, oakum, etc.

4.
To open (a lock) as by a wire.

5.
To pull apart or away, especially with the fingers; to pluck; to gather, as fruit from a tree, flowers from the stalk, feathers from a fowl, etc.

6.
To remove something from with a pointed instrument, with the fingers, or with the teeth; as, to pick the teeth; to pick a bone; to pick a goose; to pick a pocket.

Did you pick Master Slender's purse?
Shak.

He picks clean teeth, and, busy as he seems
With an old tavern quill, is hungry yet.
Cowper.

7.
To choose; to select; to separate as choice or desirable; to cull; as, to pick one's company; to pick one's way; -- often with out.
picked
Shak.

8.
To take up; esp., to gather from here and there; to collect; to bring together; as, to pick rags; -- often with up; as, to pick up a ball or stones; to pick up information.

9.
To trim.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.

To pick at, to tease or vex by pertinacious annoyance. -- To pick a bone with. See under Bone. -- To pick a thank, to curry favor. [Obs.] Robynson (More's Utopia). -- To pick off. (a) To pluck; to remove by picking. (b) To shoot or bring down, one by one; as, sharpshooters pick off the enemy. -- To pick out. (a) To mark out; to variegate; as, to pick out any dark stuff with lines or spots of bright colors. (b) To select from a number or quantity. -- To pick to pieces, to pull apart piece by piece; hence [Colloq.], to analyze; esp., to criticize in detail. -- To pick a quarrel, to give occasion of quarrel intentionally. -- To pick up. (a) To take up, as with the fingers. (b) To get by repeated efforts; to gather here and there; as, to pick up a livelihood; to pick up news.


word: Pick₂
definition:
Pick

Pick
(?)
v. i.
1.
To eat slowly, sparingly, or by morsels; to nibble.

Why stand'st thou picking? Is thy palate sore?
Dryden.

2.
To do anything nicely or carefully, or by attending to small things; to select something with care.

3.
To steal; to pilfer.
picking
Book of Com. Prayer.

To pick up, to improve by degrees; as, he is picking up in health or business. [Colloq. U.S.]


word: Pick₃
definition:
Pick

Pick
n.
[F. pic a pickax, a pick. See Pick, and cf. Pike.]
1.
A sharp-pointed tool for picking; -- often used in composition; as, a toothpick; a picklock.

2.
(Mining & Mech.)
A heavy iron tool, curved and sometimes pointed at both ends, wielded by means of a wooden handle inserted in the middle, -- used for digging ino the ground by quarrymen, roadmakers, etc.; also, a pointed hammer used for dressing millstones.

3.
A pike or spike; the sharp point fixed in the center of a buckler.
[Obs.]
pick
Beau. & Fl.

4.
Choice; right of selection; as, to have one's pick; in cat breeding, the owner of a stud gets the pick of the litter.

France and Russia have the pick of our stables.
Ld. Lytton.

5.
Hence:
That which would be picked or chosen first; the best; as, the pick of the flock.

6.
(Print.)
A particle of ink or paper imbedded in the hollow of a letter, filling up its face, and occasioning a spot on a printed sheet.
MacKellar.

7.
(Painting)
That which is picked in, as with a pointed pencil, to correct an unevenness in a picture.

8.
(Weaving)
The blow which drives the shuttle, -- the rate of speed of a loom being reckoned as so many picks per minute;
hence,
in describing the fineness of a fabric
a weft thread; as, so many picks to an inch.

Pick dressing (Arch.), in cut stonework, a facing made by a pointed tool, leaving the surface in little pits or depressions. -- Pick hammer, a pick with one end sharp and the other blunt, used by miners.


word: Pickaback
definition:
Pickaback

Pick"a*back`
(pĭk"ȧ*băk`)
adv.
On the back or shoulders; as, to ride pickback.
[Written also pickapack, pickback, and pickpack.]
Syn. -- piggyback.

A woman stooping to take a child pickaback.
R,Jefferies.


word: Pickaninny
definition:
Pickaninny

Pick"a*nin`ny
(pĭk"ȧ*nĭn`n&ybreve_;)
n.
pl. Pickaninnies (pĭk"ȧ*nĭn`nĭz).
[Cf. Sp. pequeño little, young.]
A small child; especially, a negro or mulatto infant.  Now (2001) used primarily in the latter sense, and in that sense often considered derogatory.
[U.S. & West Indies]


word: Pickaxe
definition:
Pickaxe

Pickax

{ Pick"ax`, Pick"axe`  }
(pĭk"ăks`)
n.
[A corruption of OE. pikois, pikeis, F. picois, fr. pic. See Pick, n.]
A pick with a point at one end, a transverse edge or blade at the other, and a handle inserted at the middle; a hammer with a flattened end for driving wedges and a pointed end for piercing as it strikes.
Shak.


word: Picked
definition:
Picked

Pick"ed
(?)
a.
1.
Pointed; sharp.
Picked
Chapman.

Let the stake be made picked at the top.
Mortimer.

2.
(Zool.)
Having a pike or spine on the back; -- said of certain fishes.

3.
Carefully selected; chosen; as, picked men.

4.
Fine; spruce; smart; precise; dianty.
[Obs.]
Shak.

Picked dogfish. (Zool.) See under Dogfish. -- Picked out, ornamented or relieved with lines, or the like, of a different, usually a lighter, color; as, a carriage body dark green, picked out with red.


word: Pickedness
definition:
Pickedness

Pick"ed*ness
(?)
n.
1.
The state of being sharpened; pointedness.

2.
Fineness; spruceness; smartness.
[Obs.]

Too much pickedness is not manly.
B. Jonson.


word: Pickeer
definition:
Pickeer

Pick*eer"
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Pickeered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pickeering.]
[F. picorer to go marauding, orig., to go to steal cattle, ultimately fr. L. pecus, pecoris, cattle; cf. F. picorée, Sp. pecorea robbery committed by straggling soldiers.]
To make a raid for booty; to maraud; also, to skirmish in advance of an army. See Picaroon.
[Obs.]
Bp. Burnet.


word: Picker
definition:
Picker

Pick"er
(?)
n.
[From Pick.]
1.
One who, or that which, picks, in any sense, -- as, one who uses a pick; one who gathers; a thief; a pick; a pickax; as, a cotton picker.
Pickers
Shak.

2.
(Mach.)
A machine for picking fibrous materials to pieces so as to loosen and separate the fiber.

3.
(Weaving)
The piece in a loom which strikes the end of the shuttle, and impels it through the warp.

4.
(Ordnance)
A priming wire for cleaning the vent.


word: Pickerel
definition:
Pickerel

Pick"er*el
(?)
n.
[Dim. of Pike.]
[Written also pickerell.]
1.
A young or small pike.
[Obs.]

Bet [better] is, quoth he, a pike than a pickerel.
Chaucer.

2.
(Zool.)
(a)
Any one of several species of freshwater fishes of the genus Esox, esp. the smaller species.
(b)
The glasseye, or wall-eyed pike. See Wall-eye.

&hand_; The federation, or chain, pickerel (Esox reticulatus) and the brook pickerel (Esox Americanus) are the most common American species. They are used for food, and are noted for their voracity. About the Great Lakes the pike is called pickerel.

Pickerel weed (Bot.), a blue-flowered aquatic plant (Pontederia cordata) having large arrow-shaped leaves. So called because common in slow-moving waters where pickerel are often found.


word: Pickering
definition:
Pickering

Pick"er*ing
(?)
n.
[Probably a corruption of Pickerel.]
(Zool.)
The sauger of the St.Lawrence River.


word: Pickery
definition:
Pickery

Pick"er*y
(?)
n.
[From Pick to steal; or perhaps from Pickeer.]
Petty theft.
[Scot.]
Holinshed.


word: Picket
definition:
Picket

Pick"et
(?)
n.
[F. piquet, properly dim. of pique spear, pike. See Pike, and cf. Piquet.]
1.
A stake sharpened or pointed, especially one used in fortification and encampments, to mark bounds and angles; or one used for tethering horses.

2.
A pointed pale, used in marking fences.

3.
[Probably so called from the picketing of the horses.]
(Mil.)
A detached body of troops serving to guard an army from surprise, and to oppose reconnoitering parties of the enemy; -- called also outlying picket.

4.
By extension, men appointed by a trades union, or other labor organization, to intercept outsiders, and prevent them from working for employers with whom the organization is at variance.
[Cant]

5.
A military punishment, formerly resorted to, in which the offender was forced to stand with one foot on a pointed stake.

6.
A game at cards. See Piquet.

Inlying picket (Mil.), a detachment of troops held in camp or quarters, detailed to march if called upon. -- Picket fence, a fence made of pickets. See def. 2, above. -- Picket guard (Mil.), a guard of horse and foot, always in readiness in case of alarm. -- Picket line. (Mil.) (a) A position held and guarded by small bodies of men placed at intervals. (b) A rope to which horses are secured when groomed. -- Picketpin, an iron pin for picketing horses.


word: Picket₂
definition:
Picket

Pick"et
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Picketed; p. pr. & vb. n. Picketing.]
1.
To fortify with pointed stakes.

2.
To inclose or fence with pickets or pales.

3.
To tether to, or as to, a picket; as, to picket a horse.

4.
To guard, as a camp or road, by an outlying picket.

5.
To torture by compelling to stand with one foot on a pointed stake.
[Obs.]


word: Picking
definition:
Picking

Pick"ing
n.
1.
The act of digging or breaking up, as with a pick.

2.
The act of choosing, plucking, or gathering.

3.
That which is, or may be, picked or gleaned.

4.
Pilfering; also, that which is pilfered.

5.
pl.
The pulverized shells of oysters used in making walks.
[Eng.]
Simmonds.

6.
(Mining)
Rough sorting of ore.

7.
Overburned bricks.
Simmonds.


word: Picking₂
definition:
Picking

Pick"ing
a.
1.
Done or made as with a pointed tool; as, a picking sound.

2.
Nice; careful.
[Obs.]

 was too warm on picking work to dwell.
Dryden.

Picking peg. (Weaving) See Picker, n., 3.


word: Pickle₂
definition:
Pickle

Pic"kle
n.
[Cf. D. pekel. Probably a dim. fr. Pick, v. t., alluding to the cleaning of the fish.]
1.
(a)
A solution of salt and water, in which fish, meat, etc., may be preserved or corned; brine.
(b)
Vinegar, plain or spiced, used for preserving vegetables, fish, eggs, oysters, etc.

2.
Any article of food which has been preserved in brine or in vinegar.

3.
(Founding)
A bath of dilute sulphuric or nitric acid, etc., to remove burnt sand, scale rust, etc., from the surface of castings, or other articles of metal, or to brighten them or improve their color.

4.
A troublesome child; as, a little pickle.
[Colloq.]

To be in a pickle, to be in disagreeable position; to be in a condition of embarrassment, difficulty, or disorder. “How cam'st thou in this pickle?” Shak. -- To put a rod in pickle, to prepare a particular reproof, punishment, or penalty for future application.


word: Pickle₃
definition:
Pickle

Pic"kle
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pickled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pickling (?).]
1.
To preserve or season in pickle; to treat with some kind of pickle; as, to pickle herrings or cucumbers.

2.
To give an antique appearance to; -- said of copies or imitations of paintings by the old masters.


word: Pickle-herring
definition:
Pickle-herring

Pic"kle-her"ring
(?)
n.
1.
A herring preserved in brine; a pickled herring.
[Obs.]
Shak.

2.
A merry-andrew; a buffoon.
[Obs.]
Addison.


word: Picklock
definition:
Picklock

Pick"lock`
(?)
n.
1.
An instrument for picking locks.
Shak.

2.
One who picks locks; a thief.
picklock
Jer. Taylor.


word: Pickmire
definition:
Pickmire

Pick"mire`
(?)
n.
[So called from its picking its food from the mire.]
(Zool.)
The pewit, or black-headed gull.
[Prov. Eng.]


word: Pick off
definition:
Pick off

Pick" off
(?)
v. t.
1.
(Baseball)
to put out a baserunner who is off base by tagging him/her, especially by a quick throw from the pitcher or catcher.

2.
to shoot so as to kill or disable, especially one by one from a position or in a situation where the target is unable to return fire at the shooter; -- used commonly of sniper fire.
picked off

3.
(Football)
to intercept (a pass).


word: Pickthank
definition:
Pickthank

Pick"thank`
(?)
n.
One who strives to put another under obligation; an officious person; hence, a flatterer. Used also adjectively.

Smiling pickthanks, and base newsmongers.
Shak.


word: Pick-up
definition:
Pick-up

Pickup

{ Pick"up, or Pick"-up`  }
n.
[Colloq., Cant, or Slang]
1.
Act of picking up, as, in various games, the fielding or hitting of a ball just after it strikes the ground.

2.
That which picks up;
specif.:
(Elec.)
same as Brush b.

3.
One that is picked up, as a meal hastily got up for the occasion, a chance acquaintance, an informal game, etc.

4.
a social companion for the evening who is met without prior arrangement, as at a singles bar; also, the act of joining with such a companion in that fashion.

5.
(Automobiles)
acceleration; a measure of the ability of a vehicle to accelerate.

6.
(Electronics)
a component of a phonograph which contains the stylus and also components for converting the vibrations of the stylus into electrical impulses for subsequent processing into sound; often referred to as a cartridge; also, the process of converting vibrations into electrical impulses.

7.
(Electronics)
the conversion of sound or light into electrical signals in a sound or image recording or transmitting device.

8.
(Vehicles)
a small truck having an enclosed driver's compartment (cab) but an open rear with usually low sides and a tailgate.  Also called pickup truck.

9.
a hitchhiker who has been picked up.


word: Picle
definition:
Picle

Pi"cle
((pĭk"'l)
n.
[Prob. fr. pightel or pingle.]
A small piece of land inclosed with a hedge; a close.
[Obs.]
[Written also pickle.]


word: Picnic
definition:
Picnic

Pic"nic
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. piquenique. See Pick, v., and cf. Knickknack.]
Formerly, an entertainment at which each person contributed some dish to a common table; now, an excursion or pleasure party in which the members partake of a collation or repast (usually in the open air, and from food carried by themselves).


word: Picnic₂
definition:
Picnic

Pic"nic
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Picnicked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Picnicking (?).]
To go on a picnic, or pleasure excursion; to eat in public fashion.


word: Picoline
definition:
Picoline

Pic"o*line
(?)
n.
[L. pix, picis, pitch + oleum oil + -ine.]
(Chem.)
Any one of three isometric bases (C6H7N) related to pyridine, and obtained from bone oil, acrolein ammonia, and coal-tar naphtha, as colorless mobile liquids of strong odor; -- called also methyl pyridine.


word: Picot
definition:
Picot

Pi`cot"
(?)
n.
[F.]
One of many small loops, as of thread, forming an ornamental border, as on a ribbon.


word: Picotine
definition:
Picotine

Picotee

{ Pic`o*tee" (?), Pic`o*tine" (?), }
n.
[F. picoté dotted, picked.]
(Bot.)
A variety of carnation having petals of a light color variously dotted and spotted at the edges.


word: Picra
definition:
Picra

Pi"cra
(?)
n.
[L., fr. Gr. _; sharp, bitter.]
(Med.)
The powder of aloes with canella, formerly officinal, employed as a cathartic.


word: Picric
definition:
Picric

Pi"cric
(?)
a.
[Gr. _; bitter.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, a strong organic acid (called picric acid), intensely bitter.

&hand_; Picric acid is obtained by treating phenol with strong nitric acid, as a brilliant yellow crystalline substance, C6H2(NO2)3.OH. It is used in dyeing silk and wool, and also in the manufacture of explosives, as it is very unstable when heated. Called also trinitrophenol, and formerly carbazotic acid.


word: Picrite
definition:
Picrite

Pic"rite
(?)
n.
[From Gr. _; bitter.]
(Min.)
A dark green igneous rock, consisting largely of chrysolite, with hornblende, augite, biotite, etc.


word: Picrolite
definition:
Picrolite

Pic"ro*lite
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; bitter + -lite.: cf. F. picrolithe.]
(Min.)
A fibrous variety of serpentine.


word: Picromel
definition:
Picromel

Pic"ro*mel
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; bitter + _; honey: cf. F. picromel.]
(Old Chem.)
A colorless viscous substance having a bitter-sweet taste.

&hand_; It was formerly supposed to be the essential principle of the bile, but is now known to be a mixture, principally of salts of glycocholic and taurocholic acids.


word: Picrotoxin
definition:
Picrotoxin

Pic`ro*tox"in
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; bitter + toxic + -in.]
(Chem.)
A bitter white crystalline substance found in the cocculus indicus. It is a peculiar poisonous neurotic and intoxicant, and consists of a mixture of several neutral substances.


word: Picryl
definition:
Picryl

Pi"cryl
(?)
n.
[Picric + -yl.]
(Chem.)
The hypothetical radical of picric acid, analogous to phenyl.


word: Pictograph
definition:
Pictograph

Pic"to*graph
(?)
n.
[See Picture, and -graph.]
A picture or hieroglyph representing and expressing an idea.
Pic`to*graph"ic (#), a.


word: Pictorial
definition:
Pictorial

Pic*to"ri*al
(?)
a.
[L. pictorius, fr. pictor a painter, fr. pingere to paint. See Paint.]
Of or pertaining to pictures; illustrated by pictures; forming pictures; representing with the clearness of a picture; as, a pictorial dictionary; a pictorial imagination.
Pictorial
Ruskin.
Pic*to"ri*al*ly, adv.


word: Picts
definition:
Picts

Picts
(?)
n. pl.
sing. Pict (_;).
[L. Picti; cf. AS. Peohtas.]
(Ethnol.)
A race of people of uncertain origin, who inhabited Scotland in early times.


word: Picture
definition:
Picture

Pic"ture
(?)
n.
[L. pictura, fr. pingere, pictum, to paint: cf. F. peinture. See Paint.]
1.
The art of painting; representation by painting.
[Obs.]

Any well-expressed image . . . either in picture or sculpture.
Sir H. Wotton.

2.
A representation of anything (as a person, a landscape, a building) upon canvas, paper, or other surface, produced by means of painting, drawing, engraving, photography, etc.; a representation in colors. By extension, a figure; a model.

Pictures and shapes are but secondary objects.
Bacon.

The young king's picture . . . in virgin wax.
Howell.

3.
An image or resemblance; a representation, either to the eye or to the mind; that which, by its likeness, brings vividly to mind some other thing; as, a child is the picture of his father; the man is the picture of grief.

My eyes make pictures when they are shut.
Coleridge.

&hand_; Picture is often used adjectively, or in forming self-explaining compounds; as, picture book or picture-book, picture frame or picture-frame, picture seller or picture-seller, etc.

Animated picture, a moving picture. -- Picture gallery, a gallery, or large apartment, devoted to the exhibition of pictures. -- Picture red, a rod of metal tube fixed to the walls of a room, from which pictures are hung. -- Picture writing. (a) The art of recording events, or of expressing messages, by means of pictures representing the actions or circumstances in question. Tylor. (b) The record or message so represented; as, the picture writing of the American Indians.


word: Picture₂
definition:
Picture

Pic"ture
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pictured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Picturing.]
To draw or paint a resemblance of; to delineate; to represent; to form or present an ideal likeness of; to bring before the mind.
picture
Spenser.

I have not seen him so pictured.
Shak.


word: Pictured
definition:
Pictured

Pic"tured
(?)
a.
Furnished with pictures; represented by a picture or pictures; as, a pictured scene.


word: Picturesque
definition:
Picturesque

Pic`tur*esque"
(?)
a.
[It. pittoresco: cf. F. pittoresque. See Pictorial.]
Forming, or fitted to form, a good or pleasing picture; representing with the clearness or ideal beauty appropriate to a picture; expressing that peculiar kind of beauty which is agreeable in a picture, natural or artificial; graphic; vivid; as, a picturesque scene or attitude; picturesque language.

What is picturesque as placed in relation to the beautiful and the sublime? It is . . . the characteristic pushed into a sensible excess.
De Quincey.


word: Picturize
definition:
Picturize

Pic"tur*ize
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Picturized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Picturizing.]
[R.]
1.
To picture.

2.
To adorn with pictures.


word: Picul
definition:
Picul

Pic"ul
(?)
n.
[Jav. & Malay pikul, fr. pikul to carry on the back, to carry a burden; n., a man's burden.]
A commercial weight varying in different countries and for different commodities. In Borneo it is 1355/8 lbs.; in China and Sumatra, 1331/2 lbs.; in Japan, 1331/3 lbs.; but sometimes 130 lbs., etc. Called also, by the Chinese, tan.
[Written also pecul, and pecal.]


word: Piculet
definition:
Piculet

Pic"u*let
(?)
n.
[Dim. of Picus.]
(Zool.)
Any species of very small woodpeckers of the genus Picumnus and allied genera. Their tail feathers are not stiff and sharp at the tips, as in ordinary woodpeckers.


word: Picus
definition:
Picus

Pi"cus
(?)
n.
pl. Pici (#).
[L., a woodpecker.]
(Zool.)
A genus of woodpeckers, including some of the common American and European species.


word: Piddle
definition:
Piddle

Pid"dle
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Piddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Piddling (?).]
[Cf. dial. Sw. pittla to keep picking at, Sw. peta to pick.]
1.
To deal in trifles; to concern one's self with trivial matters rather than with those that are important.
Ascham.

2.
To be squeamishly nice about one's food.
Swift.

3.
To urinate; -- child's word.


word: Piddling
definition:
Piddling

Pid"dling
(?)
a.
Trifling; trivial; frivolous; paltry; -- applied to persons and things.

The ignoble hucksterage of piddling tithes.
Milton.


word: Pie
definition:
Pie

Pie
(?)
n.
[OE. pie, pye; cf. Ir. & Gael. pighe pie, also Gael. pige an earthen jar or pot.  Cf. Piggin.]
1.
An article of food consisting of paste baked with something in it or under it; as, chicken pie; venison pie; mince pie; apple pie; pumpkin pie.

2.
See Camp, n., 5.
[Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.

Pie crust, the paste of a pie.


word: Pie₂
definition:
Pie

Pie
n.
[F. pie, L. pica; cf. picus woodpecker, pingere to paint; the bird being perhaps named from its colors.  Cf. Pi, Paint, Speight.]
1.
(Zool.)
(a)
A magpie.
(b)
Any other species of the genus Pica, and of several allied genera.
[Written also pye.]

2.
(R. C. Ch.)
The service book.

3.
(Pritn.)
Type confusedly mixed. See Pi.

By cock and pie, an adjuration equivalent to “by God and the service book.” Shak. -- Tree pie (Zool.), any Asiatic bird of the genus Dendrocitta, allied to the magpie. -- Wood pie. (Zool.) See French pie, under French.


word: Piebald
definition:
Piebald

Pie"bald`
(?)
a.
[Pie the party-colored bird + bald.]
1.
Having spots and patches of black and white, or other colors; mottled; pied.
piebald
Dryden.

2.
Fig.: Mixed.
Piebald
Hudibras.


word: Piece
definition:
Piece

Piece
(?)
n.
[OE. pece, F. pièce, LL. pecia, petia, petium, probably of Celtic origin; cf. W. peth a thing, a part, portion, a little, Armor. pez, Gael. & Ir. cuid part, share.  Cf. Petty.]
1.
A fragment or part of anything separated from the whole, in any manner, as by cutting, splitting, breaking, or tearing; a part; a portion; as, a piece of sugar; to break in pieces.

Bring it out piece by piece.
Ezek. xxiv. 6.

2.
A definite portion or quantity, as of goods or work; as, a piece of broadcloth; a piece of wall paper.

3.
Any one thing conceived of as apart from other things of the same kind; an individual article; a distinct single effort of a series; a definite performance
(a)
A literary or artistic composition; as, a piece of poetry, music, or statuary.
(b)
A musket, gun, or cannon; as, a battery of six pieces; a following piece.
(c)
A coin; as, a sixpenny piece; -- formerly applied specifically to an English gold coin worth 22 shillings.
(d)
A fact; an item; as, a piece of news; a piece of knowledge.

4.
An individual; -- applied to a person as being of a certain nature or quality; often, but not always, used slightingly or in contempt.
piece
Sir P. Sidney.

Thy mother was a piece of virtue.
Shak.

His own spirit is as unsettled a piece as there is in all the world.
Coleridge.

5.
(Chess)
One of the superior men, distinguished from a pawn.

6.
A castle; a fortified building.
[Obs.]
Spenser.

Of a piece, of the same sort, as if taken from the same whole; like; -- sometimes followed by with. Dryden. -- Piece of eight, the Spanish piaster, formerly divided into eight reals. -- To give a piece of one's mind to, to speak plainly, bluntly, or severely to (another). Thackeray. -- Piece broker, one who buys shreds and remnants of cloth to sell again. -- Piece goods, goods usually sold by pieces or fixed portions, as shirtings, calicoes, sheetings, and the like.


word: Piece₂
definition:
Piece

Piece
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pieced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Piecing (?).]
1.
To make, enlarge, or repair, by the addition of a piece or pieces; to patch; as, to piece a garment; -- often with out.
Shak.

2.
To unite; to join; to combine.
Fuller.

His adversaries . . . pieced themselves together in a joint opposition against him.
Fuller.


word: Piecemeal
definition:
Piecemeal

Piece"meal`
(?)
adv.
[OE. pecemele; pece a piece + AS. m_;lum, dat. pl. of m_;l part. See Meal a portion.]
1.
In pieces; in parts or fragments.
piecemeal
Chapman.

The beasts will tear thee piecemeal.
Tennyson.

2.
Piece by piece; by little and little in succession.

Piecemeal they win, this acre first, than that.
Pope.


word: Piecener
definition:
Piecener

Piece"ner
(?)
n.
1.
One who supplies rolls of wool to the slubbing machine in woolen mills.

2.
Same as Piecer, 2.


word: Piecer
definition:
Piecer

Pie"cer
(?)
n.
1.
One who pieces; a patcher.

2.
A child employed in spinning mill to tie together broken threads.


word: Piecework
definition:
Piecework

Piece"work`
(?)
n.
Work done by the piece or job; work paid for at a rate based on the amount of work done, rather than on the time employed.

The reaping was piecework, at so much per acre.
R. Jefferies.


word: Pied₂
definition:
Pied

Pied
(?)
a.
[From Pie the party-colored bird.]
Variegated with spots of different colors; party-colored; spotted; piebald.
Pied
Burton.
pied
Milton.

Pied antelope (Zool.), the bontebok. -- Pied-billed grebe (Zool.), the dabchick. -- Pied blackbird (Zool.), any Asiatic thrush of the genus Turdulus. -- Pied finch (Zool.) (a) The chaffinch. (b) The snow bunting. [Prov. Eng.] -- Pied flycatcher (Zool.), a common European flycatcher (Ficedula atricapilla). The male is black and white.


word: Piedmont
definition:
Piedmont

Pied"mont
(?)
a.
[F. pied foot + mont mountain.]
(Geol.)
Noting the region of foothills near the base of a mountain chain.


word: Piedmontite
definition:
Piedmontite

Pied"mont*ite
(?)
n.
(Min.)
A manganesian kind of epidote, from Piedmont. See Epidote.


word: Piédouche
definition:
Piédouche

Pié`douche"
(?)
n.
[F., fr. It. peduccio console, corbel.]
A pedestal of small size, used to support small objects, as busts, vases, and the like.


word: Pieplant
definition:
Pieplant

Pie"plant`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A plant (Rheum Rhaponticum) the leafstalks of which are acid, and are used in making pies; the garden rhubarb.


word: Piepowder
definition:
Piepowder

Piepoudre

{ Pie"pou`dre, Pie"pow`der  }
(?)
n.
[Lit., dustyfoot, i. e., dusty-footed dealers, fr. F. pied foot + poudreux dusty.]
(O. Eng. Law)
An ancient court of record in England, formerly incident to every fair and market, of which the steward of him who owned or had the toll was the judge.
Blackstone.


word: Pier
definition:
Pier

Pier
(?)
n.
[OE. pere, OF. piere a stone, F. pierre, fr. L. petra, Gr. _;.  Cf. Petrify.]
1.
(Arch.)
(a)
Any detached mass of masonry, whether insulated or supporting one side of an arch or lintel, as of a bridge; the piece of wall between two openings.
(b)
Any additional or auxiliary mass of masonry used to stiffen a wall. See Buttress.

2.
A projecting wharf or landing place.

Abutment pier, the pier of a bridge next the shore; a pier which by its strength and stability resists the thrust of an arch. -- Pier glass, a mirror, of high and narrow shape, to be put up between windows. -- Pier table, a table made to stand between windows.


word: Pierce
definition:
Pierce

Pierce
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pierced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Piercing (?).]
[OE. percen, F. percer, OF. percier, perchier, parchier; perh. fr. (assumed) LL. pertusiare for pertusare, fr. L. pertundere, pertusum, to beat, push, bore through; per through + tundere to beat: cf. OF. pertuisier to pierce, F. pertuis a hole.  Cf. Contuse, Parch, Pertuse.]
1.
To thrust into, penetrate, or transfix, with a pointed instrument.
pierce
Dryden.

2.
To penetrate; to enter; to force a way into or through; to pass into or through; as, to pierce the enemy's line; a shot pierced the ship.

3.
Fig.: To penetrate; to affect deeply; as, to pierce a mystery.
Pierced
Pope.

Can no prayers pierce thee?
Shak.


word: Pierce₂
definition:
Pierce

Pierce
v. i.
To enter; to penetrate; to make a way into or through something, as a pointed instrument does; -- used literally and figuratively.

And pierced to the skin, but bit no more.
Spenser.

She would not pierce further into his meaning.
Sir P. Sidney.


word: Piercel
definition:
Piercel

Pier"cel
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. perce.]
A kind of gimlet for making vents in casks; -- called also piercer.


word: Piercer
definition:
Piercer

Pier"cer
(?)
n.
1.
One who, or that which, pierces or perforates
(a)
An instrument used in forming eyelets; a stiletto.
(b)
A piercel.

2.
(Zool.)
(a)
The ovipositor, or sting, of an insect.
(b)
An insect provided with an ovipositor.


word: Piercing
definition:
Piercing

Pier"cing
(?)
a.
Forcibly entering, or adapted to enter, at or by a point; perforating; penetrating; keen; -- used also figuratively; as, a piercing instrument, or thrust.
Piercing
Shak.


word: Pierian
definition:
Pierian

Pi*e"ri*an
(?)
a.
[L. Pierius, from Mount Pierus, in Thessaly, sacred to the Muses.]
Of or pertaining to Pierides or Muses.

Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring.
Pope.


word: Pierid
definition:
Pierid

Pi"er*id
(?)
n.
[See Peirides.]
(Zool.)
Any butterfly of the genus Pieris and related genera. See Cabbage butterfly, under Cabbage.


word: Pierre-perdu
definition:
Pierre-perdu

Pierre`-per`du"
(?)
n.
[F. pierre perdue lost stone.]
Blocks of stone or concrete heaped loosely in the water to make a foundation (as for a sea wall), a breakwater, a mole, etc.


word: Piet
definition:
Piet

Pi"et
(pī"ĕt)
n.
[Dim. of Pie a magpie: cf. F. piette a smew.]
(Zool.)
(a)
The dipper, or water ouzel.
[Scot.]
(b)
The magpie.
[Prov.Eng.]

Jay piet (Zool.), the European jay. [Prov.Eng.] -- Sea piet (Zool.), the oyster catcher. [Prov.Eng.]


word: Pieta
definition:
Pieta

Pi*e*tà"
(pe̝*a̝*tä")
n.
[It.]
(Fine Arts)
A representation of the dead Christ, attended by the Virgin Mary or by holy women and angels.
Mollett.


word: Pietism
definition:
Pietism

Pi"e*tism
(pī"e̝*tĭz'm)
n.
[Cf. G. pietismus, F. piétisme.]
1.
The principle or practice of the Pietists.

2.
Strict devotion; also, affectation of devotion.

The Schöne Seele, that ideal of gentle pietism, in “Wilhelm Meister.”
W. Pater.


word: Pietist
definition:
Pietist

Pi"e*tist
(?)
n.
[Cf. G. pietist, F. piétiste. See Piety.]
(Eccl. Hist.)
One of a class of religious reformers in Germany in the 17th century who sought to revive declining piety in the Protestant churches; -- often applied as a term of reproach to those who make a display of religious feeling. Also used adjectively.


word: Pietistical
definition:
Pietistical

Pietistic

{ Pi`e*tis"tic (?), Pi`e*tis"tic*al (?), }
a.
Of or pertaining to the Pietists; hence, in contempt, affectedly or demonstratively religious.
Addison.


word: Pietra dura
definition:
Pietra dura

Pi*e"tra du"ra
(?)
[It., hard stone.]
(Fine Arts)
Hard and fine stones in general, such as are used for inlay and the like, as distinguished from the softer stones used in building; thus, a Florentine mosaic is a familiar instance of work in pietra dura, though the ground may be soft marble.


word: Piety
definition:
Piety

Pi"e*ty
(?)
n.
[F. piété; cf. It. pietà; both fr. L. pietas piety, fr. pius pious. See Pious, and cf. Pity.]
1.
Veneration or reverence of the Supreme Being, and love of his character; loving obedience to the will of God, and earnest devotion to his service.

Piety is the only proper and adequate relief of decaying man.
Rambler.

2.
Duty; dutifulness; filial reverence and devotion; affectionate reverence and service shown toward parents, relatives, benefactors, country, etc.

Conferred upon me for the piety
Which to my country I was judged to have shown.
Milton.


word: Piezometer
definition:
Piezometer

Pi`e*zom"e*ter
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; to press + -meter: cf. F. piézomètre.]
1.
(Physics)
An instrument for measuring the compressibility of liquids.

2.
(Physics)
A gauge connected with a water main to show the pressure at that point.


word: Piffara
definition:
Piffara

Piffero

{ &VerbarPif"fe*ro (?), &VerbarPif"fa*ra (?), }
n.
[It. piffero.]
(Mus.)
A fife; also, a rude kind of oboe or a bagpipe with an inflated skin for reservoir.


word: Piffle
definition:
Piffle

Pif"fle
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Piffled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Piffling (?).]
To be sequeamish or delicate; hence, to act or talk triflingly or ineffectively; to talk nonsense or about trivial matters; to twaddle; piddle.
[Dial. or Slang]

Syn. -- chatter, palaver, prate, tittle-tattle, twaddle, clack, maunder, prattle, gibber, tattle, blabber, gabble.

2.
To act in a trivial or ineffective way.


word: Piffle₂
definition:
Piffle

Pif"fle
n.
Act of piffling; trifling talk or action; piddling; twaddle.
[Dial. or Slang]
piffle
Kipling


word: Pig₂
definition:
Pig

Pig
n.
[Cf. D. big, bigge, LG. bigge, also Dan. pige girl, Sw. piga, Icel. pīka.]
1.
The young of swine, male or female; also, any swine; a hog.
pigges
Chaucer.

2.
(Zool.)
Any wild species of the genus Sus and related genera.

3.
[Cf. Sow a channel for melted iron.]
An oblong mass of cast iron, lead, or other metal. See Mine pig, under Mine.

4.
One who is hoggish; a greedy person.
[Low]

Masked pig. (Zool.) See under Masked. -- Pig bed (Founding), the bed of sand in which the iron from a smelting furnace is cast into pigs. -- Pig iron, cast iron in pigs, or oblong blocks or bars, as it comes from the smelting furnace. See Pig, 4. -- Pig yoke (Naut.), a nickname for a quadrant or sextant. -- A pig in a poke (that is, bag), a blind bargain; something bought or bargained for, without the quality or the value being known. [Colloq.]


word: Pig₃
definition:
Pig

Pig
v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Pigged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pigging (?).]
1.
To bring forth (pigs); to bring forth in the manner of pigs; to farrow.

2.
To huddle or lie together like pigs, in one bed.


word: Pigeon
definition:
Pigeon

Pi"geon
(?)
n.
[F., fr. L. pipio a young pipping or chirping bird, fr. pipire to peep, chirp.  Cf. Peep to chirp.]
1.
(Zool.)
Any bird of the order Columbæ, of which numerous species occur in nearly all parts of the world.

&hand_; The common domestic pigeon, or dove, was derived from the Old World rock pigeon or rock dove (Columba livia), common in cities. It has given rise to numerous very remarkable varieties, such as the carrier, fantail, nun, pouter, tumbler, etc. The common wild pigeon of the Eastern United States is the Mourning dove (Zenaida macroura, called also Carolina dove). Before the 19th century, the most common pigeon was the passenger pigeon, but that species is now extinct. See Passenger pigeon, and Carolina dove under Dove. See, also, Fruit pigeon, Ground pigeon, Queen pigeon, Stock pigeon, under Fruit, Ground, etc.

2.
An unsuspected victim of sharpers; a gull.
[Slang]

Blue pigeon (Zool.), an Australian passerine bird (Graucalus melanops); -- called also black-faced crow. -- Green pigeon (Zool.), any one of numerous species of Old World pigeons belonging to the family Treronidæ. -- Imperial pigeon (Zool.), any one of the large Asiatic fruit pigeons of the genus Carpophada. -- Pigeon berry (Bot.), the purplish black fruit of the pokeweed; also, the plant itself. See Pokeweed. -- Pigeon English [perhaps a corruption of business English], an extraordinary and grotesque dialect, employed in the commercial cities of China, as the medium of communication between foreign merchants and the Chinese. Its base is English, with a mixture of Portuguese and Hindustani. Johnson's Cyc. -- Pigeon grass (Bot.), a kind of foxtail grass (Setaria glauca), of some value as fodder. The seeds are eagerly eaten by pigeons and other birds. -- Pigeon hawk. (Zool.) (a) A small American falcon (Falco columbarius). The adult male is dark slate-blue above, streaked with black on the back; beneath, whitish or buff, streaked with brown. The tail is banded. (b) The American sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter velox or Accipiter fuscus). -- Pigeon hole. (a) A hole for pigeons to enter a pigeon house. (b) See Pigeonhole. (c) pl. An old English game, in which balls were rolled through little arches. Halliwell. -- Pigeon house, a dovecote. -- Pigeon pea (Bot.), the seed of Cajanus Indicus; a kind of pulse used for food in the East and West Indies; also, the plant itself. -- Pigeon plum (Bot.), the edible drupes of two West African species of Chrysobalanus (Chrysobalanus ellipticus and Chrysobalanus luteus). -- Pigeon tremex. (Zool.) See under Tremex. -- Pigeon wood (Bot.), a name in the West Indies for the wood of several very different kinds of trees, species of Dipholis, Diospyros, and Coccoloba. -- Pigeon woodpecker (Zool.), the flicker. -- Prairie pigeon. (Zool.) (a) The upland plover. (b) The golden plover. [Local, U.S.]


word: Pigeon₂
definition:
Pigeon

Pi"geon
(?)
v. t.
To pluck; to fleece; to swindle by tricks in gambling.
[Slang]
Smart.

He's pigeoned and undone.
Observer.


word: Pigeon-breasted
definition:
Pigeon-breasted

Pi"geon-breast`ed
(?)
a.
Having a breast like a pigeon, -- the sternum being so prominent as to constitute a deformity; chicken-breasted.


word: Pigeonhole
definition:
Pigeonhole

Pi"geon*hole`
(?)
n.
A small compartment in a desk or case for the keeping of letters, documents, etc.; -- so called from the resemblance of a row of them to the compartments in a dovecote.
Burke.


word: Pigeonhole₂
definition:
Pigeonhole

Pi"geon*hole`
v. t.
To place in the pigeonhole of a case or cabinet; hence, to put away; to lay aside indefinitely; as, to pigeonhole a letter or a report.


word: Pigeonwing
definition:
Pigeonwing

Pi"geon*wing`
(?)
n.
1.
A wing of a pigeon, or a wing like it.

2.
An old mode of dressing men's side hair in a form likened to a pigeon's wings; also, a wig similarly shaped.

3.
(Dancing)
A fancy step executed by jumping and striking the legs together; as, to cut a pigeonwing.

4.
A certain fancy figure in skating.

5.
(Tempering)
A color, brown shaded with purple, coming between dark brown and light blue in the table of colors in drawing the temper of hardened steel.


word: Pigfish
definition:
Pigfish

Pig"fish`
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
(a)
Any one of several species of salt-water grunts; -- called also hogfish.
(b)
A sculpin. The name is also applied locally to several other fishes.


word: Pigfoot
definition:
Pigfoot

Pig"foot`
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
A marine fish (Scorpæna porcus), native of Europe. It is reddish brown, mottled with dark brown and black.


word: Piggin
definition:
Piggin

Pig"gin
(?)
n.
[Scot.; cf. Gael. pigean, dim. of pigeadh, pige, an earthen jar, pitcher, or pot, Ir. pigin, pighead, W. piccyn.]
A small wooden pail or tub with an upright stave for a handle, -- often used as a dipper.


word: Pig-headed
definition:
Pig-headed

Pig"-head`ed
(?)
a.
Having a head like a pig; hence, figuratively: stupidity obstinate; perverse; stubborn.
B. Jonson.
Pig"-head`ed*ness, n.


word: Pight
definition:
Pight

Pight
(?)
imp. & p. p.
of Pitch, to throw; -- used also adjectively
Pitched; fixed; determined.
[Obs.]

[His horse] pight him on the pommel of his head.
Chaucer.

I found him pight to do it.
Shak.


word: Pightel
definition:
Pightel

Pigh"tel
(?)
n.
[Cf. Pight, Picle.]
A small inclosure.
[Written also pightle.]
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]


word: Pig-jawed
definition:
Pig-jawed

Pig"-jawed`
(?)
a.
(Zool.)
Having the upper jaw projecting beyond the lower, with the upper incisors in advance of the lower; -- said of dogs.


word: Pigment
definition:
Pigment

Pig"ment
(?)
n.
[L. pigmentum, fr. the root of pingere to paint: cf. F. pigment. See Paint, and cf. Pimento, Orpiment.]
1.
Any material from which a dye, a paint, or the like, may be prepared; particularly, the refined and purified coloring matter ready for mixing with an appropriate vehicle.

2.
(Physiol.)
Any one of the colored substances found in animal and vegetable tissues and fluids, as bilirubin, urobilin, chlorophyll, etc.

3.
Wine flavored with species and honey.
Sir W. Scott.

Pigment cell (Physiol.), a small cell containing coloring matter, as the pigmented epithelial cells of the choroid and iris, or the pigmented connective tissue cells in the skin of fishes, reptiles, etc.


word: Pigmentary
definition:
Pigmentary

Pigmental

{ Pig*men"tal (?), Pig"men*ta*ry (?), }
a.
Of or pertaining to pigments; furnished with pigments.
Dunglison.

Pigmentary degeneration (Med.), a morbid condition in which an undue amount of pigment is deposited in the tissues.


word: Pigmentation
definition:
Pigmentation

Pig`men*ta"tion
(?)
n.
(Physiol.)
A deposition, esp. an excessive deposition, of coloring matter; as, pigmentation of the liver.


word: Pigmented
definition:
Pigmented

Pig"ment*ed
(?)
a.
Colored; specifically (Biol.), filled or imbued with pigment; as, pigmented epithelial cells; pigmented granules.


word: Pignerate
definition:
Pignerate

Pig"ner*ate
(?)
v. t.
[L. pigneratus, p. p. of pignerate to pledge.]
1.
To pledge or pawn.
[Obs.]

2.
to receive in pawn, as a pawnbroker does.
[Obs.]


word: Pignoration
definition:
Pignoration

Pig`no*ra"tion
(?)
n.
[LL. pignoratio, L. pigneratio, fr. pignerate to pledge, fr. pignus, gen. -ous and -eris, a pledge, a pawn: cf. F. pignoration.]
1.
The act of pledging or pawning.

2.
(Civil Law)
The taking of cattle doing damage, by way of pledge, till satisfaction is made.
Burrill.


word: Pignut
definition:
Pignut

Pig"nut
(pĭg"nŭt)
n.
(Bot.)
(a)
See Groundnut (d).
(b)
The bitter-flavored nut of a species of hickory (Carya glabra syn. Carya porcina); also, the tree itself.


word: Pigskin
definition:
Pigskin

Pig"skin`
(pĭg"skĭn`)
n.
1.
The skin of a pig, -- used chiefly for making saddles; hence, a colloquial or slang term for a saddle.

2.
A football; -- so called because the covering is often made of pigskin.
[Colloq.]


word: Pigsney
definition:
Pigsney

Pigs"ney
(?)
n.
[Perh. a dim. of Dan. pige a girl, or Sw. piga; or from E. pig's eye.]
A word of endearment for a girl or woman.
[Obs.]
[Written also pigsnie, pigsny, etc.]
Chaucer.


word: Pig-sticking
definition:
Pig-sticking

Pig"-stick`ing
(?)
n.
Boar hunting; -- so called by Anglo-Indians.
[Colloq.]
Tackeray.


word: Pigtail
definition:
Pigtail

Pig"tail`
(?)
n.
1.
The tail of a pig.

2.
(Hair Dressing)
A cue, or queue.
J. & H. Smith.

3.
A kind of twisted chewing tobacco.

The tobacco he usually cheweth, called pigtail.
Swift.


word: Pigweed
definition:
Pigweed

Pig"weed`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A name of several annual weeds. See Goosefoot, and Lamb's-quarters.


word: Pigwidgeon
definition:
Pigwidgeon

Pig"wid`geon
(?)
n.
[Written also pigwidgin and pigwiggen.]
A cant word for anything petty or small. It is used by Drayton as the name of a fairy.


word: Pika
definition:
Pika

Pi"ka
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
Any one of several species of tailless rodents of the genus Ochotona (formerly Lagomys), resembling small rabbits, but with short ears alnd legs. They inhabit the high mountains of Asia and America. Called also calling hare, and crying hare and rock rabbit. See Chief hare.


word: Pike
definition:
Pike

Pike
(?)
n.
[F. pique; perhaps of Celtic origin; cf. W. pig a prick, a point, beak, Arm. pik pick. But cf. also L. picus woodpecker (see Pie magpie), and E. spike.  Cf. Pick, n. & v., Peak, Pique.]
1.
(Mil.)
A foot soldier's weapon, consisting of a long wooden shaft or staff, with a pointed steel head. It is now superseded by the bayonet.

2.
A pointed head or spike; esp., one in the center of a shield or target.
Beau. & Fl.

3.
A hayfork.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Tusser.

4.
A pick.
[Prov. Eng.]
Wright. Raymond.

5.
A pointed or peaked hill.
[R.]

6.
A large haycock.
[Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.

7.
A turnpike; a toll bar.
Dickens.

8.
(Zool.)
sing. & pl.
A large fresh-water fish (Esox lucius), found in Europe and America, highly valued as a food fish; -- called also pickerel, gedd, luce, and jack.

&hand_; Blue pike, grass pike, green pike, wall-eyed pike, and yellow pike, are names, not of true pike, but of the wall-eye. See Wall-eye.

Gar pike. See under Gar. -- Pike perch (Zool.), any fresh-water fish of the genus Stizostedion (formerly Lucioperca). See Wall-eye, and Sauger. -- Pike pole, a long pole with a pike in one end, used in directing floating logs. -- Pike whale (Zool.), a finback whale of the North Atlantic (Balænoptera rostrata), having an elongated snout; -- called also piked whale. -- Sand pike (Zool.), the lizard fish. -- Sea pike (Zool.), the garfish (a).


word: Pike-devant
definition:
Pike-devant

Pike`-de*vant"
(?)
n.
[Pike point (fr. F. pique) + F. devant before.]
A pointed beard.
[Obs.]


word: Pikelin
definition:
Pikelin

Pikelet

{ Pike"let (?), Pike"lin (?), }
n.
A light, thin cake or muffin.
[Prov. Eng.]
Wright.


word: Pikeman
definition:
Pikeman

Pike"man
(?)
n.
pl. Pikeman (_;).
1.
A soldier armed with a pike.
Knolles.

2.
A miner who works with a pick.
Beaconsfield.

3.
A keeper of a turnpike gate.
T. Hughes.


word: Pikestaff
definition:
Pikestaff

Pike"staff`
(?)
n.
1.
The staff, or shaft, of a pike.

2.
A staff with a spike in the lower end, to guard against slipping.
Sir W. Scott.


word: Pilaster
definition:
Pilaster

Pi*las"ter
(?)
n.
[F. pilastre, It. pilastro, LL. pilastrum, fr. L. pila a pillar. See Pillar.]
(Arch.)
An upright architectural member right-angled in plan, constructionally a pier (See Pier, 1 (b)), but architecturally corresponding to a column, having capital, shaft, and base to agree with those of the columns of the same order. In most cases the projection from the wall is one third of its width, or less.


word: Pilch
definition:
Pilch

Pilch
(?)
n.
[AS. pylce, pylece, LL. pellicia. See Pelisse, and Pelt skin.]
A gown or case of skin, or one trimmed or lined with fur.
[Obs.]


word: Pilchard
definition:
Pilchard

Pil"chard
(?)
n.
[Cf. It. pilseir, W. pilcod minnows.]
(Zool.)
A small European food fish (Clupea pilchardus) resembling the herring, but thicker and rounder. It is sometimes taken in great numbers on the coast of England.

Fools are as like husbands as pilchards are to herrings.
Shak.


word: Pile
definition:
Pile

Pile
(pīl)
n.
[L. pilus hair.  Cf. Peruke.]
1.
A hair; hence, the fiber of wool, cotton, and the like; also, the nap when thick or heavy, as of carpeting and velvet.

Velvet soft, or plush with shaggy pile.
Cowper.

2.
(Zool.)
A covering of hair or fur.


word: Pile₃
definition:
Pile

Pile
n.
[AS. pīl arrow, stake, L. pilum javelin; but cf. also L. pila pillar.]
1.
A large stake, or piece of timber, pointed and driven into the earth, as at the bottom of a river, or in a harbor where the ground is soft, for the support of a building, a pier, or other superstructure, or to form a cofferdam, etc.

&hand_; Tubular iron piles are now much used.

2.
[Cf. F. pile.]
(Her.)
One of the ordinaries or subordinaries having the form of a wedge, usually placed palewise, with the broadest end uppermost.

Pile bridge, a bridge of which the roadway is supported on piles. -- Pile cap, a beam resting upon and connecting the heads of piles. -- Pile driver, or Pile engine, an apparatus for driving down piles, consisting usually of a high frame, with suitable appliances for raising to a height (by animal or steam power, the explosion of gunpowder, etc.) a heavy mass of iron, which falls upon the pile. -- Pile dwelling. See Lake dwelling, under Lake. -- Pile plank (Hydraul. Eng.), a thick plank used as a pile in sheet piling. See Sheet piling, under Piling. -- Pneumatic pile. See under Pneumatic. -- Screw pile, one with a screw at the lower end, and sunk by rotation aided by pressure.


word: Pile₄
definition:
Pile

Pile
v. t.
To drive piles into; to fill with piles; to strengthen with piles.

To sheet-pile, to make sheet piling in or around. See Sheet piling, under 2nd Piling.


word: Pile₅
definition:
Pile

Pile
n.
[F. pile, L. pila a pillar, a pier or mole of stone.  Cf. Pillar.]
1.
A mass of things heaped together; a heap; as, a pile of stones; a pile of wood.

2.
A mass formed in layers; as, a pile of shot.

3.
A funeral pile; a pyre.
Dryden.

4.
A large building, or mass of buildings.

The pile o'erlooked the town and drew the fight.
Dryden.

5.
(Iron Manuf.)
Same as Fagot, n., 2.

6.
(Elec.)
A vertical series of alternate disks of two dissimilar metals, as copper and zinc, laid up with disks of cloth or paper moistened with acid water between them, for producing a current of electricity; -- commonly called Volta's pile, voltaic pile, or galvanic pile.

&hand_; The term is sometimes applied to other forms of apparatus designed to produce a current of electricity, or as synonymous with battery; as, for instance, to an apparatus for generating a current of electricity by the action of heat, usually called a thermopile.

7.
[F. pile pile, an engraved die, L. pila a pillar.]
The reverse of a coin. See Reverse.

Cross and pile. See under Cross. -- Dry pile. See under Dry.


word: Pile₆
definition:
Pile

Pile
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Piled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Piling.]
1.
To lay or throw into a pile or heap; to heap up; to collect into a mass; to accumulate; to amass; -- often with up; as, to pile up wood.
piled
Dryden.
piled
Tennyson.

The labor of an age in piled stones.
Milton.

2.
To cover with heaps; or in great abundance; to fill or overfill; to load.

To pile arms To pile muskets (Mil.), to place three guns together so that they may stand upright, supporting each other; to stack arms.


word: Pileated
definition:
Pileated

Pileate

{ Pi"le*ate (?), Pi"le*a`ted (?), }
a.
[L. pileatus, fr. pileus a felt cap or hat.]
1.
Having the form of a cap for the head.

2.
(Zool.)
Having a crest covering the pileus, or whole top of the head.

Pileated woodpecker (Zool.), a large American woodpecker (Ceophloeus pileatus). It is black, with a bright red pointed crest. Called also logcock, and woodcock.


word: Pilement
definition:
Pilement

Pile"ment
(?)
n.
[From Pile to lay into a heap.]
An accumulation; a heap.
[Obs.]
Bp. Hall.


word: Pilentum
definition:
Pilentum

Pi*len"tum
(?)
n.
pl. Pilenta (#).
[L.]
(Rom. Antiq.)
An easy chariot or carriage, used by Roman ladies, and in which the vessels, etc., for sacred rites were carried.


word: Pileorhiza
definition:
Pileorhiza

Pi`le*o*rhi"za
(?)
n.
pl. Pilorhizæ (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. _; a cap + _; root.]
(Bot.)
A cap of cells which covers the growing extremity of a root; a rootcap.


word: Piles
definition:
Piles

Piles
(?)
n. pl.
[L. pila a ball.  Cf. Pill a medicine.]
(Med.)
The small, troublesome tumors or swellings about the anus and lower part of the rectum which are technically called hemorrhoids. See Hemorrhoids. [The singular pile is sometimes used.]

Blind piles, hemorrhoids which do not bleed.


word: Pileus
definition:
Pileus

Pi"le*us
(?)
n.
pl. Pilei (#).
[L., a felt cap.]
1.
(Rom. Antiq.)
A kind of skull cap of felt.

2.
(Bot.)
The expanded upper portion of many of the fungi. See Mushroom.

3.
(Zool.)
The top of the head of a bird, from the bill to the nape.


word: Pilewort
definition:
Pilewort

Pile"wort`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A plant (Ranunculus Ficaria of Linnæus) whose tuberous roots have been used in poultices as a specific for the piles.
Forsyth.


word: Pilfer
definition:
Pilfer

Pil"fer
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Pilfered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pilfering.]
[OF. pelfrer. See Pelf.]
To steal in small quantities, or articles of small value; to practice petty theft.


word: Pilfer₂
definition:
Pilfer

Pil"fer
v. t.
To take by petty theft; to filch; to steal little by little.

And not a year but pilfers as he goes
Some youthful grace that age would gladly keep.
Cowper.


word: Pilgarlic
definition:
Pilgarlic

Pil*gar"lic
(?)
n.
[Etymol. uncertain.]
One who has lost his hair by disease; a sneaking fellow, or one who is hardly used.


word: Pilgrim
definition:
Pilgrim

Pil"grim
(?)
n.
[OE. pilgrim, pelgrim, pilegrim, pelegrim; cf. D. pelgrim, OHG. piligrīm, G. pilger, F. pèlerin, It. pellegrino; all fr. L. peregrinus a foreigner, fr. pereger abroad; per through + ager land, field. See Per-, and Acre, and cf. Pelerine, Peregrine.]
1.
A wayfarer; a wanderer; a traveler; a stranger.

Strangers and pilgrims on the earth.
Heb. xi. 13.

2.
One who travels far, or in strange lands, to visit some holy place or shrine as a devotee; as, a pilgrim to Loretto; Canterbury pilgrims. See Palmer.
P. Plowman.


word: Pilgrim₂
definition:
Pilgrim

Pil"grim
a.
Of or pertaining to a pilgrim, or pilgrims; making pilgrimages.
pilgrim
Milton.

Pilgrim fathers, a name popularly given to the one hundred and two English colonists who landed from the Mayflower and made the first settlement in New England at Plymouth in 1620. They were separatists from the Church of England, and most of them had sojourned in Holland.


word: Pilgrimage
definition:
Pilgrimage

Pil"grim*age
(?)
n.
[OE. pilgrimage, pelgrinage; cf. F. pèlerinage.]
1.
The journey of a pilgrim; a long journey; especially, a journey to a shrine or other sacred place. Fig., the journey of human life.
Shak.

The days of the years of my pilgrimage.
Gen. xlvii. 9.

2.
A tedious and wearisome time.

In prison hast thou spent a pilgrimage.
Shak.


word: Pilgrimize
definition:
Pilgrimize

Pil"grim*ize
(?)
v. i.
To wander as a pilgrim; to go on a pilgrimage.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.


word: Pilidium
definition:
Pilidium

Pi*lid"i*um
(?)
n.
pl. Pildia (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. _;, dim. of _; a cap.]
(Zool.)
The free-swimming, hat-shaped larva of certain nemertean worms. It has no resemblance to its parent, and the young worm develops in its interior.


word: Piliferous
definition:
Piliferous

Pi*lif"er*ous
(?)
a.
[L. pilus hair + -ferous: cf. F. pilifère.]
1.
Bearing a single slender bristle, or hair.

2.
Beset with hairs.


word: Piligerous
definition:
Piligerous

Pi*lig"er*ous
(?)
a.
[L. pilus hair + -gerous: cf. F. piligère.]
Bearing hair; covered with hair or down; piliferous.


word: Piling
definition:
Piling

Pil"ing
(?)
n.
[See Pile a heap.]
1.
The act of heaping up.

2.
(Iron Manuf.)
The process of building up, heating, and working, fagots, or piles, to form bars, etc.


word: Piling₂
definition:
Piling

Pil"ing
n.
[See Pile a stake.]
A series of piles; piles considered collectively; as, the piling of a bridge.

Pug piling, sheet piles connected together at the edges by dovetailed tongues and grooves. -- Sheet piling, a series of piles made of planks or half logs driven edge to edge, -- used to form the walls of cofferdams, etc.


word: Pill₃
definition:
Pill

Pill
v. t.
[Cf. L. pilare to deprive of hair, and E. pill, n. (above).]
1.
To deprive of hair; to make bald.
[Obs.]

2.
To peel; to make by removing the skin.

[Jacob] pilled white streaks . . . in the rods.
Gen. xxx. 37.


word: Pill₄
definition:
Pill

Pill
(?)
v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Pilled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pilling.]
[F. piller, L. pilare; cf. It. pigliare to take.  Cf. Peel to plunder.]
To rob; to plunder; to pillage; to peel. See Peel, to plunder.
[Obs.]
Spenser.

Pillers and robbers were come in to the field to pill and to rob.
Sir T. Malroy.


word: Pill₅
definition:
Pill

Pill
(?)
n.
[F. pilute, L. pilula a pill, little ball, dim. of L. pila a ball.  Cf. Piles.]
1.
A medicine in the form of a little ball, or small round mass, to be swallowed whole.

2.
Figuratively, something offensive or nauseous which must be accepted or endured.
Udall.

Pill beetle (Zool.), any small beetle of the genus Byrrhus, having a rounded body, with the head concealed beneath the thorax. -- Pill bug (Zool.), any terrestrial isopod of the genus Armadillo, having the habit of rolling itself into a ball when disturbed. Called also pill wood louse.


word: Pillage
definition:
Pillage

Pil"lage
(?)
n.
[F., fr. piller to plunder. See Pill to plunder.]
1.
The act of pillaging; robbery.
Shak.

2.
That which is taken from another or others by open force, particularly and chiefly from enemies in war; plunder; spoil; booty.

Which pillage they with merry march bring home.
Shak.


word: Pillage₂
definition:
Pillage

Pil"lage
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Pillaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pillaging (?).]
To strip of money or goods by open violence; to plunder; to spoil; to lay waste; as, to pillage the camp of an enemy.

Mummius . . . took, pillaged, and burnt their city.
Arbuthnot.


word: Pillage₃
definition:
Pillage

Pil"lage
v. i.
To take spoil; to plunder; to ravage.

They were suffered to pillage wherever they went.
Macaulay.


word: Pillar
definition:
Pillar

Pil"lar
(?)
n.
[OE. pilerF. pilier, LL. pilare, pilarium, pilarius, fr. L. pila a pillar. See Pile a heap.]
1.
The general and popular term for a firm, upright, insulated support for a superstructure; a pier, column, or post; also, a column or shaft not supporting a superstructure, as one erected for a monument or an ornament.

Jacob set a pillar upon her grave.
Gen. xxxv. 20.

The place . . . vast and proud,
Supported by a hundred pillars stood.
Dryden.

2.
Figuratively, that which resembles such a pillar in appearance, character, or office; a supporter or mainstay; as, the Pillars of Hercules; a pillar of the state.
pillar
Shak.

By day a cloud, by night a pillar of fire.
Milton.

3.
(R. C. Ch.)
A portable ornamental column, formerly carried before a cardinal, as emblematic of his support to the church.
[Obs.]
Skelton.

4.
(Man.)
The center of the volta, ring, or manege ground, around which a horse turns.

From pillar to post, hither and thither; to and fro; from one place or predicament to another; backward and forward. [Colloq.] -- Pillar saint. See Stylite. -- Pillars of the fauces. See Fauces, 1.


word: Pillar₂
definition:
Pillar

Pil"lar
a.
(Mach.)
Having a support in the form of a pillar, instead of legs; as, a pillar drill.


word: Pillared
definition:
Pillared

Pil"lared
(?)
a.
Supported or ornamented by pillars; resembling a pillar, or pillars.
pillared
Sir W. Scott.
Pillared
Thomson.


word: Pillau
definition:
Pillau

Pil*lau"
(?)
n.
[Per. & Turk. pilau.]
An Oriental dish consisting of rice boiled with mutton, fat, or butter.
[Written also pilau.]


word: Pilled
definition:
Pilled

Pilled
(?)
a.
[See 3rd Pill.]
Stripped of hair; scant of hair; bald.
[Obs.]
Pilled
Chaucer.


word: Pillion
definition:
Pillion

Pil"lion
(?)
n.
[Ir. pillin, pilliun (akin to Gael. pillean, pillin), fr. Ir. & Gael. pill, peall, a skin or hide, prob. fr. L. pellis. See Pell, n., Fell skin.]
1.
A panel or cushion saddle; the under pad or cushion of saddle; esp., a pad or cushion put on behind a man's saddle, on which a woman may ride.

His [a soldier's] shank pillion without stirrups.
Spenser.

2.
A saddle or seat behind the driver's saddle on a motorcycle, used by passengers.


word: Pillory
definition:
Pillory

Pil"lo*ry
(?)
n.
pl. Pillories (#).
[F. pilori; cf. Pr. espitlori, LL. piloricum, pilloricum, pellericum, pellorium, pilorium, spilorium; perhaps from a derivative of L. speculari to look around, observe.  Cf. Speculate.]
A frame of adjustable boards erected on a post, and having holes through which the head and hands of an offender were thrust so as to be exposed in front of it.
Shak.


word: Pillory₂
definition:
Pillory

Pil"lo*ry
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pilloried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pillorying.]
[Cf. F. pilorier.]
1.
To set in, or punish with, the pillory.
pillory
Macaulay.

2.
Figuratively, to expose to public scorn.
Gladstone.


word: Pillow
definition:
Pillow

Pil"low
(?)
n.
[OE. pilwe, AS. pyle, fr. L. pilvinus.]
1.
Anything used to support the head of a person when reposing; especially, a sack or case filled with feathers, down, hair, or other soft material.

[Resty sloth] finds the down pillow hard.
Shak.

2.
(Mach.)
A piece of metal or wood, forming a support to equalize pressure; a brass; a pillow block.
[R.]

3.
(Naut.)
A block under the inner end of a bowsprit.

4.
A kind of plain, coarse fustian.

Lace pillow, a cushion used in making hand-wrought lace. -- Pillow bier [OE. pilwebere; cf. LG. büre a pillowcase], a pillowcase; pillow slip. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Pillow block (Mach.), a block, or standard, for supporting a journal, as of a shaft. It is usually bolted to the frame or foundation of a machine, and is often furnished with journal boxes, and a movable cover, or cap, for tightening the bearings by means of bolts; -- called also pillar block, or plumber block. -- Pillow lace, handmade lace wrought with bobbins upon a lace pillow. -- Pillow of a plow, a crosspiece of wood which serves to raise or lower the beam. -- Pillow sham, an ornamental covering laid over a pillow when not in use. -- Pillow slip, a pillowcase.


word: Pillow₂
definition:
Pillow

Pil"low
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pillowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pillowing.]
To rest or lay upon, or as upon, a pillow; to support; as, to pillow the head.

Pillows his chin upon an orient wave.
Milton.


word: Pillowcase
definition:
Pillowcase

Pil"low*case`
(?)
n.
A removable case or covering for a pillow, usually of white linen or cotton cloth.


word: Pillowed
definition:
Pillowed

Pil"lowed
(?)
a.
Provided with a pillow or pillows; having the head resting on, or as on, a pillow.

Pillowedon buckler cold and hard.
Sir W. Scott.


word: Pillworm
definition:
Pillworm

Pill"worm`
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
Any myriapod of the genus Iulus and allied genera which rolls up spirally; a galleyworm. See Illust. under Myriapod.


word: Pillwort
definition:
Pillwort

Pill"wort`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
Any plant of the genus Pilularia; minute aquatic cryptograms, with small pill-shaped fruit; -- sometimes called peppergrass.


word: Pilocarpine
definition:
Pilocarpine

Pi`lo*car"pine
(?)
n.
[From NL. Pilocarpus pennatifolius jaborandi; L. pilus hair + Gr. karpo`s fruit: cf. F. pilocarpine.]
(Chem.)
An alkaloid extracted from jaborandi (Pilocarpus pennatifolius) as a white amorphous or crystalline substance which has a peculiar effect on the vasomotor system.


word: Pilon
definition:
Pilon

Pi*lon"
(?)
n.
[Sp., sugar loaf.]
[Sp. Amer.]
1.
A conical loaf of sugar.

2.
A gratuity given by tradesmen to customers settling their accounts.
[Southern U. S.]


word: Pilose
definition:
Pilose

Pi*lose"
(?)
a.
[L. pilosus, fr. pilus hair. See Pile.]
1.
Hairy; full of, or made of, hair.

The heat-retaining property of the pilose covering.
Owen.

2.
(Zool.)
Clothed thickly with pile or soft down.

3.
(Bot.)
Covered with long, slender hairs; resembling long hairs; hairy; as, pilose pubescence.


word: Pilosity
definition:
Pilosity

Pi*los"i*ty
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. pilosité.]
The quality or state of being pilose; hairiness.
Bacon.


word: Pilot
definition:
Pilot

Pi"lot
(?)
n.
[F. pilote, prob. from D. peillood plummet, sounding lead; peilen, pegelen, to sound, measure (fr. D. & G. peil, pegel, a sort of measure, water mark) + lood lead, akin to E. lead. The pilot, then, is the lead man, i. e., he who throws the lead. See Pail, and Lead a metal.]
1.
(Naut.)
One employed to steer a vessel; a helmsman; a steersman.
Dryden.

2.
Specifically, a person duly qualified, and licensed by authority, to conduct vessels into and out of a port, or in certain waters, for a fixed rate of fees.

3.
Figuratively: A guide; a director of another through a difficult or unknown course.

4.
An instrument for detecting the compass error.

5.
The cowcatcher of a locomotive.
[U.S.]

6.
(Aëronautics)
One who flies, or is qualified to fly, an airplane, balloon, or other flying machine.

7.
(Mach.)
A short plug at the end of a counterbore to guide the tool. Pilots are sometimes made interchangeable.

8.
(Mining)
The heading or excavation of relatively small dimensions, first made in the driving of a larger tunnel.

9.
(Television)
a filmed or taped episode of a proposed television series, produced as an example of the series. It may be shown only to those television broadcast executives who may decide whether to buy the rights to the series, or aired to test viewer reaction or to interest sponsors.  Also called pilot film or pilot tape.

Pilot balloon, a small balloon sent up in advance of a large one, to show the direction and force of the wind. -- Pilot bird. (Zool.) (a) A bird found near the Caribbee Islands; -- so called because its presence indicates to mariners their approach to these islands. Crabb. (b) The black-bellied plover. [Local, U.S.] -- Pilot boat, a strong, fast-sailing boat used to carry and receive pilots as they board and leave vessels. -- Pilot bread, ship biscuit. -- Pilot cloth, a coarse, stout kind of cloth for overcoats. -- Pilot engine, a locomotive going in advance of a train to make sure that the way is clear. -- Pilot fish. (Zool) (a) A pelagic carangoid fish (Naucrates ductor); -- so named because it is often seen in company with a shark, swimming near a ship, on account of which sailors imagine that it acts as a pilot to the shark. (b) The rudder fish (Seriola zonata). -- Pilot jack, a flag or signal hoisted by a vessel for a pilot. -- Pilot jacket, a pea jacket. -- Pilot nut (Bridge Building), a conical nut applied temporarily to the threaded end of a pin, to protect the thread and guide the pin when it is driven into a hole. Waddell. -- Pilot snake (Zool.) (a) A large North American snake (Coluber obsoleus). It is lustrous black, with white edges to some of the scales. Called also mountain black snake. (b) The pine snake. -- Pilot whale. (Zool.) Same as Blackfish, 1.


word: Pilot₂
definition:
Pilot

Pi"lot
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Piloted; p. pr. & vb. n. Piloting.]
[Cf. F. piloter.]
1.
To direct the course of, as of a ship, where navigation is dangerous.

2.
Figuratively: To guide, as through dangers or difficulties.
piloting
Berkeley.

3.
(Aëronautics)
To fly, or act as pilot of (an aircraft); to operate (an airplane).


word: Pilotage
definition:
Pilotage

Pi"lot*age
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. pilotage.]
1.
The pilot's skill or knowledge, as of coasts, rocks, bars, and channels.
[Obs.]
Sir W. Raleigh.

2.
The compensation made or allowed to a pilot.

3.
Guidance, as by a pilot.
Sir W. Scott.


word: Pilot balloon
definition:
Pilot balloon

Pilot balloon
A small, unmanned balloon sent up to indicate the direction of air currents.


word: Pilot flag
definition:
Pilot flag

Pilot flag
The flag hoisted at the fore by a vessel desiring a pilot, in the United States the union jack, in Great Britain the British union jack with a white border.


word: Pilotry
definition:
Pilotry

Pilotism

{ Pi"lot*ism (?), Pi"lot*ry (?), }
n.
Pilotage; skill in the duties of a pilot.
[R.]


word: Pilot light
definition:
Pilot light

Pilot lamp

{ Pilot lamp or Pilot light }
(Elec.)
1.
A small incandescent telltale lamp on a dynamo or battery circuit to show approximately by its brightness the voltage of the current.

2.
a small light on an electrical device to indicate whether the device is in operation or that the power is on.


word: Pilot light₂
definition:
Pilot light

Pi"lot light`
(?)
n.
a small gas flame kept burning continuously on a stove, water heater, or other gas-burning device, so as to allow immediate ignition of the main flame when the gas flow is turned on.


word: Pilot valve
definition:
Pilot valve

Pilot valve
(Hydraulics)
A small hand-operated valve to admit liquid to operate a valve difficult to turn by hand.


word: Pilot wheel
definition:
Pilot wheel

Pilot wheel
(Mach.)
A wheel, usually with radial handles projecting from the rim, for traversing the saddle of a machine tool, esp. an automatic machine tool, by hand.


word: Pilpul
definition:
Pilpul

Pil"pul
(?)
n.
[Aramaic pilpūl; cf. Heb. pilpel to spice, to season, dispute violently.]
Among the Jews, penetrating investigation, disputation, and drawing of conclusions, esp. in Talmudic study.
Pil"pul*ist (#), n. -- Pil`pul*is"tic (#), a.


word: Pilular
definition:
Pilular

Pil"u*lar
(?)
a.
Of or pertaining to pills; resembling a pill or pills; as, a pilular mass.


word: Pilulous
definition:
Pilulous

Pil"u*lous
(?)
a.
[L. pilula a pill. See Pill.]
Like a pill; small; insignificant.
[R.]
G. Eliot.


word: Pimaric
definition:
Pimaric

Pi*mar"ic
(?)
a.
[NL. pinum maritima, an old name for Pinum Pinaster, a pine which yields galipot.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in galipot, and isomeric with abietic acid.


word: Pimelic
definition:
Pimelic

Pi*mel"ic
(pĭ*mĕl"ĭk)
a.
[Gr. pimelh` fat.]
(Chem.)
(a)
Pertaining to, or designating, a substance obtained from certain fatty substances, and subsequently shown to be a mixture of suberic and adipic acids.
(b)
Designating the acid proper (C5H10(CO2H)2) which is obtained from camphoric acid.


word: Pimelite
definition:
Pimelite

Pim"e*lite
(?)
n.
[Gr. pimelh` fat.]
(Min.)
An apple-green mineral having a greasy feel.  It is a hydrous silicate of nickel, magnesia, aluminia, and iron.


word: Pimento
definition:
Pimento

Pi*men"to
(?)
n.
[Sp. pimiento, pimienta; cf. Pg. pimenta, F. piment; all fr. L. pigmentum a paint, pigment, the juice of plants; hence, something spicy and aromatic. See Pigment.]
1.
(Bot.)
Allspice; -- applied both to the tree and its fruit. See Allspice.

2.
same as pimiento.


word: Pimiento
definition:
Pimiento

Pi*mien"to
(?)
n.
[Sp.]
The Spanish sweet pepper, the fruit of which is used as a vegetable, to stuff olives, etc.; also the fruit itself.  Also called pimento.


word: Pimp
definition:
Pimp

Pimp
(pĭmp)
n.
[Cf. F. pimpant smart, sparkish; perh. akin to piper to pipe, formerly also, to excel.  Cf. Pipe.]
One who provides gratification for the lust of others; a procurer; a pander.
Swift.


word: Pimp₂
definition:
Pimp

Pimp
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Pimped (pĭmt; 215); p. pr. & vb. n. Pimping.]
To procure women for the gratification of others' lusts; to pander.
Dryden.


word: Pimpernel
definition:
Pimpernel

Pim"per*nel
(?)
n.
[F. pimprenelle; cf. Sp. pimpinela, It. pimpinella; perh. from LL. bipinnella, for bipinnula two-winged, equiv. to L. bipennis; bis twice + penna feather, wing.  Cf. Pen a feather.]
(Bot.)
A plant of the genus Anagallis, of which one species (Anagallis arvensis) has small flowers, usually scarlet, but sometimes purple, blue, or white, which speedily close at the approach of bad weather.

Water pimpernel. (Bot.) See Brookweed.


word: Pimpillo
definition:
Pimpillo

Pim"pil*lo
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A West Indian name for the prickly pear (Opuntia); -- called also pimploes.


word: Pimping
definition:
Pimping

Pimp"ing
(?)
a.
[Cf. G. pimpelig, pimpelnd, sickly, weak.]
1.
Little; petty; pitiful.
[Obs.]
Crabbe.

2.
Puny; sickly.
[Local, U.S.]


word: Pimple
definition:
Pimple

Pim"ple
(?)
n.
[AS. pīpelian to blister; cf. L. papula pimple.]
1.
(Med.)
Any small acuminated elevation of the cuticle, whether going on to suppuration or not.
pimple
Pope.

2.
Fig.: A swelling or protuberance like a pimple.
pimple
Cowper.


word: Pin₃
definition:
Pin

Pin
n.
[OE. pinne, AS. pinn a pin, peg; cf. D. pin, G. pinne, Icel. pinni, W. pin, Gael. & Ir. pinne; all fr. L. pinna a pinnacle, pin, feather, perhaps orig. a different word from pinna feather.  Cf. Fin of a fish, Pen a feather.]
1.
A piece of wood, metal, etc., generally cylindrical, used for fastening separate articles together, or as a support by which one article may be suspended from another; a peg; a bolt.

With pins of adamant
And chains they made all fast.
Milton.

2.
Especially, a small, pointed and headed piece of brass or other wire (commonly tinned), largely used for fastening clothes, attaching papers, etc.

3.
Hence, a thing of small value; a trifle.

He . . . did not care a pin for her.
Spectator.

4.
That which resembles a pin in its form or use
(a)
A peg in musical instruments, for increasing or relaxing the tension of the strings.
(b)
A linchpin.
(c)
A rolling-pin.
(d)
A clothespin.
(e)
(Mach.)
A short shaft, sometimes forming a bolt, a part of which serves as a journal.
Illust.
Knuckle joint
Knuckle
(f)
(Joinery)
The tenon of a dovetail joint.

5.
One of a row of pegs in the side of an ancient drinking cup to mark how much each man should drink.

6.
The bull's eye, or center, of a target; hence, the center.
[Obs.]
pin
Shak.

7.
Mood; humor.
[Obs.]
pin
Cowper.

8.
(Med.)
Caligo. See Caligo.
Shak.

9.
An ornament, as a brooch or badge, fastened to the clothing by a pin; as, a Masonic pin.

10.
The leg; as, to knock one off his pins.
[Slang]

Banking pin (Horol.), a pin against which a lever strikes, to limit its motion. -- Pin drill (Mech.), a drill with a central pin or projection to enter a hole, for enlarging the hole, or for sinking a recess for the head of a bolt, etc.; a counterbore. -- Pin grass. (Bot.) See Alfilaria. -- Pin hole, a small hole made by a pin; hence, any very small aperture or perforation. -- Pin lock, a lock having a cylindrical bolt; a lock in which pins, arranged by the key, are used instead of tumblers. -- Pin money, an allowance of money, as that made by a husband to his wife, for private and personal expenditure. -- Pin rail (Naut.), a rail, usually within the bulwarks, to hold belaying pins. Sometimes applied to the fife rail. Called also pin rack. -- Pin wheel. (a) A contrate wheel in which the cogs are cylindrical pins. (b) (Fireworks) A small coil which revolves on a common pin and makes a wheel of yellow or colored fire.


word: Pin₄
definition:
Pin

Pin
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pinned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pinning.]
[See Pin, n.]
To fasten with, or as with, a pin; to join; as, to pin a garment; to pin boards together.
pin
Shak.

To pin one's faith upon, to depend upon; to trust to.


word: Piña
definition:
Piña

Pi`ña
(?)
n.
[Sp., orig., pineapple, pine cone.]
1.
(a)
The pineapple.
(b)
Piña cloth or the fiber of which it is made.


word: Pina
definition:
Pina

2.
Pi"na
(pron. also _;)
(Metal.)
A cone of silver amalgam prepared for retorting; also, the residuary cone of spongy silver left after the retorting.


word: Pinacate bug
definition:
Pinacate bug

Pin`a*ca"te bug
(?)
[Orig. uncert.]
Any of several clumsy, wingless beetles of the genus Eleodes, found in the Pacific States.


word: Piña cloth
definition:
Piña cloth

Pi"ña cloth`
(?)
[See Piña.]
A fine fabric for scarfs, handkerchiefs, embroidery, etc., woven from the fiber obtained from the leaf of the sterile pineapple plant. It is delicate, soft, and transparent, with a tinge of pale yellow.


word: Pinacoid
definition:
Pinacoid

Pin"a*coid
(?)
n.
[Gr. _;, _;, a tablet + -oid.]
(Crystallog.)
A plane parallel to two of the crystalline axes.


word: Pina colada
definition:
Pina colada

Pi"ña co*la"da
(?)
[Sp., strained pineapple.]
A sweet mixed drink made from rum, pineapple juice, and cream of coconut, mixed with crushed ice.


word: Pinacolin
definition:
Pinacolin

Pi*nac"o*lin
(?)
n.
[Pinacone + L. oleum oil.]
(Chem.)
A colorless oily liquid related to the ketones, and obtained by the decomposition of pinacone; hence, by extension, any one of the series of which pinacolin proper is the type.
[Written also pinacoline.]


word: Pinacone
definition:
Pinacone

Pin"a*cone
(?)
n.
[From Gr. _;, _;, a tablet. So called because it unites with water so as to form tablet-shaped crystals.]
(Chem.)
A white crystalline substance related to the glycols, and made from acetone; hence, by extension, any one of a series of substances of which pinacone proper is the type.
[Written also pinakone.]


word: Pinacotheca
definition:
Pinacotheca

Pin`a*co*the"ca
(?)
n.
[L. pinacotheca, fr. Gr. _;; _;, _;, a picture + _; repisitory.]
A picture gallery.


word: Pinafore
definition:
Pinafore

Pin"a*fore`
(?)
n.
[Pin + afore.]
An apron for a child to protect the front part of dress; a tier.


word: Pinaster
definition:
Pinaster

Pi*nas"ter
(?)
n.
[L., fr. pinus a pine.]
(Bot.)
A species of pine (Pinus Pinaster) growing in Southern Europe.


word: Pinax
definition:
Pinax

Pi"nax
(?)
n.
pl. Pinaces (#).
[L., fr. Gr. _; tablet.]
A tablet; a register; hence, a list or scheme inscribed on a tablet.
[R.]
Sir T. Browne.


word: Pince-nez
definition:
Pince-nez

Pince`-nez"
(?)
n.
[F. pincer to pinch + nez nose.]
Eyeglasses kept on the nose by a spring.


word: Pincers
definition:
Pincers

Pin"cers
(?)
n. pl.
[Cf. F. pince pinchers, fr. pincer to pinch. See Pinch, Pinchers.]
See Pinchers.


word: Pinch
definition:
Pinch

Pinch
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pinched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pinching.]
[F. pincer, probably fr. OD. pitsen to pinch; akin to G. pfetzen to cut, pinch; perhaps of Celtic origin.  Cf. Piece.]
1.
To press hard or squeeze between the ends of the fingers, between teeth or claws, or between the jaws of an instrument; to squeeze or compress, as between any two hard bodies.

2.
to seize; to grip; to bite; -- said of animals.
[Obs.]

He [the hound] pinched and pulled her down.
Chapman.

3.
To plait.
[Obs.]

Full seemly her wimple ipinched was.
Chaucer.

4.
Figuratively: To cramp; to straiten; to oppress; to starve; to distress; as, to be pinched for money.

Want of room . . . pinching a whole nation.
Sir W. Raleigh.

5.
To move, as a railroad car, by prying the wheels with a pinch. See Pinch, n., 4.

6.
To seize by way of theft; to steal; to lift.
[Slang]
Robert Barr.

7.
to catch; to arrest (a criminal).


word: Pinch₂
definition:
Pinch

Pinch
v. i.
1.
To act with pressing force; to compress; to squeeze; as, the shoe pinches.

2.
(Hunt.)
To take hold; to grip, as a dog does.
[Obs.]

3.
To spare; to be niggardly; to be covetous.
Gower.

The wretch whom avarice bids to pinch and spare.
Franklin.

To pinch at, to find fault with; to take exception to. [Obs.]
Chaucer.


word: Pinch₃
definition:
Pinch

Pinch
n.
1.
A close compression, as with the ends of the fingers, or with an instrument; a nip.

2.
As much as may be taken between the finger and thumb; any very small quantity; as, a pinch of snuff.

3.
Pian; pang.
pinch
Shak.

4.
A lever having a projection at one end, acting as a fulcrum, -- used chiefly to roll heavy wheels, etc. Called also pinch bar.

At a pinch, On a pinch, in an emergency; as, he could on a pinch read a little Latin.


word: Pinchbeck
definition:
Pinchbeck

Pinch"beck
(?)
n.
[Said to be from the name of the inventor; cf. It. prencisbecco.]
An alloy of copper and zinc, resembling gold; a yellow metal, composed of about three ounces of zinc to a pound of copper. It is much used as an imitation of gold in the manufacture of cheap jewelry.


word: Pinchbeck₂
definition:
Pinchbeck

Pinch"beck
a.
Made of pinchbeck; sham; cheap; spurious; unreal.
pinchbeck
J. A. Symonds.


word: Pinchcock
definition:
Pinchcock

Pinch"cock`
(?)
n.
A clamp on a flexible pipe to regulate the flow of a fluid through the pipe.


word: Pinchers
definition:
Pinchers

Pinch"ers
(?)
n. pl.
[From Pinch.]
An instrument having two handles and two grasping jaws working on a pivot; -- used for griping things to be held fast, drawing nails, etc.

&hand_; This spelling is preferable to pincers, both on account of its derivation from the English pinch, and because it represents the common pronunciation.


word: Pinching
definition:
Pinching

Pinch"ing
a.
Compressing; nipping; griping; niggardly; as, pinching cold; a pinching parsimony.

Pinching bar, a pinch bar. See Pinch, n., 4. -- Pinching nut, a check nut. See under Check, n.


word: Pincoffin
definition:
Pincoffin

Pin"coff*in
(?)
n.
[From Pincoff, an English manufacturer.]
A commercial preparation of garancin, yielding fine violet tints.


word: Pincpinc
definition:
Pincpinc

Pinc"pinc`
(?)
n.
[Named from its note.]
(Zool.)
An African wren warbler. (Drymoica textrix).


word: Pindar
definition:
Pindar

Pindal

{ Pin"dal (?), Pin"dar (?), }
n.
[D. piendel.]
(Bot.)
The peanut (Arachis hypogæa); -- so called in the West Indies.


word: Pindaric
definition:
Pindaric

Pin*dar"ic
(?)
a.
[L. Pindaricus, Gr. _;, fr. _; (L. Pindarus) Pindar: cf. F. pindarique.]
Of or pertaining to Pindar, the Greek lyric poet; after the style and manner of Pindar; as, Pindaric odes.
n. A Pindaric ode.


word: Pinder
definition:
Pinder

Pin"der
(?)
n.
[AS. pyndan to pen up, fr. pund a pound.]
One who impounds; a poundkeeper.
[Obs.]


word: Pine₂
definition:
Pine

Pine
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pining.]
[AS. pīnan to torment, fr. pīn torment. See 1st Pine, Pain, n. & v.]
1.
To inflict pain upon; to torment; to torture; to afflict.
[Obs.]
Chaucer. Shak.

That people that pyned him to death.
Piers Plowman.

One is pined in prison, another tortured on the rack.
Bp. Hall.

2.
To grieve or mourn for.
[R.]
Milton.


word: Pine₃
definition:
Pine

Pine
v. i.
1.
To suffer; to be afflicted.
[Obs.]

2.
To languish; to lose flesh or wear away, under any distress or anexiety of mind; to droop; -- often used with away.
pine
Tickell.

3.
To languish with desire; to waste away with longing for something; -- usually followed by for.

For whom, and not for Tybalt, Juliet pined.
Shak.


word: Pine₄
definition:
Pine

Pine
n.
[AS. pīn, L. pinus.]
1.
(Bot.)
Any tree of the coniferous genus Pinus. See Pinus.

&hand_;  There are about twenty-eight species in the United States, of which the white pine (Pinus Strobus), the Georgia pine (Pinus australis), the red pine (Pinus resinosa), and the great West Coast sugar pine (Pinus Lambertiana) are among the most valuable.  The Scotch pine or fir, also called Norway or Riga pine (Pinus sylvestris), is the only British species.  The nut pine is any pine tree, or species of pine, which bears large edible seeds. See Pinon.
[1913 Webster]
    The spruces, firs, larches, and true cedars, though formerly considered pines, are now commonly assigned to other genera.

2.
The wood of the pine tree.

3.
A pineapple.

Ground pine. (Bot.) See under Ground. -- Norfolk Island pine (Bot.), a beautiful coniferous tree, the Araucaria excelsa. -- Pine barren, a tract of infertile land which is covered with pines. [Southern U.S.] -- Pine borer (Zool.), any beetle whose larvæ bore into pine trees. -- Pine finch. (Zool.) See Pinefinch, in the Vocabulary. -- Pine grosbeak (Zool.), a large grosbeak (Pinicola enucleator), which inhabits the northern parts of both hemispheres. The adult male is more or less tinged with red. -- Pine lizard (Zool.), a small, very active, mottled gray lizard (Sceloporus undulatus), native of the Middle States; -- called also swift, brown scorpion, and alligator. -- Pine marten. (Zool.) (a) A European weasel (Mustela martes), called also sweet marten, and yellow-breasted marten. (b) The American sable. See Sable. -- Pine moth (Zool.), any one of several species of small tortricid moths of the genus Retinia, whose larvæ burrow in the ends of the branchlets of pine trees, often doing great damage. -- Pine mouse (Zool.), an American wild mouse (Arvicola pinetorum), native of the Middle States. It lives in pine forests. -- Pine needle (Bot.), one of the slender needle-shaped leaves of a pine tree. See Pinus. -- Pine-needle wool. See Pine wool (below). -- Pine oil, an oil resembling turpentine, obtained from fir and pine trees, and used in making varnishes and colors. -- Pine snake (Zool.), a large harmless North American snake (Pituophis melanoleucus).  It is whitish, covered with brown blotches having black margins.  Called also bull snake. The Western pine snake (Pituophis Sayi) is chestnut-brown, mottled with black and orange. -- Pine tree (Bot.), a tree of the genus Pinus; pine. -- Pine-tree money, money coined in Massachusetts in the seventeenth century, and so called from its bearing a figure of a pine tree.  The most noted variety is the pine tree shilling. -- Pine weevil (Zool.), any one of numerous species of weevils whose larvæ bore in the wood of pine trees. Several species are known in both Europe and America, belonging to the genera Pissodes, Hylobius, etc. -- Pine wool, a fiber obtained from pine needles by steaming them.  It is prepared on a large scale in some of the Southern United States, and has many uses in the economic arts; -- called also pine-needle wool, and pine-wood wool.


word: Pineal
definition:
Pineal

Pi"ne*al
(?)
a.
[L. pinea the cone of a pine, from pineus of the pine, from pinus a pine: cf. F. pinéale.]
Of or pertaining to a pine cone; resembling a pine cone.

Pineal gland (Anat.), a glandlike body in the roof of the third ventricle of the vertebrate brain; -- called also pineal body, epiphysis, conarium. In some animals it is connected with a rudimentary eye, the so-called pineal eye, and in other animals it is supposed to be the remnant of a dorsal median eye.


word: Pineapple
definition:
Pineapple

Pine"ap`ple
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A tropical plant (Ananassa sativa); also, its fruit; -- so called from the resemblance of the latter, in shape and external appearance, to the cone of the pine tree. Its origin is unknown, though conjectured to be American.


word: Pine-crowned
definition:
Pine-crowned

Pine-clad

{ Pine"-clad` (?), Pine"-crowned` (?), }
a.
Clad or crowned with pine trees; as, pine-clad hills.


word: Pinedrops
definition:
Pinedrops

Pine"drops`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A reddish herb (Pterospora andromedea) of the United States, found parasitic on the roots of pine trees.


word: Pinefinch
definition:
Pinefinch

Pine"finch`
(pīn"fĭnch`)
n.
(Zool.)
(a)
A small American bird (Spinus spinus syn. Chrysomitris spinus); -- called also pine siskin, and American siskin.
(b)
The pine grosbeak.


word: Pinenchyma
definition:
Pinenchyma

Pi*nen"chy*ma
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. pi`nax a tablet + -enchyma, as in parenchyma.]
(Bot.)
Tabular parenchyma, a form of cellular tissue in which the cells are broad and flat, as in some kinds of epidermis.


word: Pinery
definition:
Pinery

Pin"er*y
(?)
n.
pl. Pineries (_;).
1.
A pine forest; a grove of pines.

2.
A hothouse in which pineapples are grown.


word: Pinesap
definition:
Pinesap

Pine"sap`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A reddish fleshy herb of the genus Monotropa (Monotropa hypopitys), formerly thought to be parasitic on the roots of pine trees, but more probably saprophytic.


word: Pine-tree State
definition:
Pine-tree State

Pine-tree State
Maine; -- a nickname alluding to the pine tree in its coat of arms.


word: Pinetum
definition:
Pinetum

Pi*ne"tum
(?)
n.
[L., a pine grove.]
A plantation of pine trees; esp., a collection of living pine trees made for ornamental or scientific purposes.


word: Pineweed
definition:
Pineweed

Pine"weed`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A low, bushy, nearly leafless herb (Hypericum Sarothra), common in sandy soil in the Eastern United States.


word: Piney₂
definition:
Piney

Pin"ey
a.
[Of East Indian origin.]
A term used in designating an East Indian tree (the Vateria Indica or piney tree, of the order Dipterocarpeæ, which grows in Malabar, etc.) or its products.

Piney dammar, Piney resin, Piney varnish, a pellucid, fragrant, acrid, bitter resin, which exudes from the piney tree (Vateria Indica) when wounded. It is used as a varnish, in making candles, and as a substitute for incense and for amber. Called also liquid copal, and white dammar. -- Piney tallow, a solid fatty substance, resembling tallow, obtained from the roasted seeds of the Vateria Indica; called also dupada oil. -- Piney thistle (Bot.), a plant (Atractylis gummifera), from the bark of which, when wounded, a gummy substance exudes.


word: Pin-eyed
definition:
Pin-eyed

Pin"-eyed`
(?)
a.
(Bot.)
Having the stigma visible at the throad of a gamopetalous corolla, while the stamens are concealed in the tube; -- said of dimorphous flowers. The opposite of thrum-eyed.


word: Pinfeather
definition:
Pinfeather

Pin"feath`er
(?)
n.
A feather not fully developed; esp., a rudimentary feather just emerging through the skin.


word: Pin-fire
definition:
Pin-fire

Pin"-fire`
(?)
a.
(Mil.)
Having a firing pin to explode the cartridge; as, a pin-fire rifle.


word: Pinfish
definition:
Pinfish

Pin"fish`
(?)
n.
[So called from their sharp dorsal spines.]
(Zool.)
(a)
The sailor's choice (Diplodus rhomboides syn. Lagodon rhomboides).
(b)
The salt-water bream (Diplodus Holbrooki).

&hand_; Both are excellent food fishes, common on the coast of the United States south of Cape Hatteras. The name is also applied to other allied species.


word: Pinfold
definition:
Pinfold

Pin"fold`
(?)
n.
[For pindfold. See Pinder, Pound an inclosure, and Fold an inclosure.]
A place in which stray cattle or domestic animals are confined; a pound; a penfold.
Shak.

A parish pinfold begirt by its high hedge.
Sir W. Scott.


word: Ping
definition:
Ping

Ping
(?)
n.
[Probably of imitative origin.]
The sound made by a bullet in striking a solid object or in passing through the air.


word: Ping₂
definition:
Ping

Ping
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Pinged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pinging.]
To make the sound called ping.


word: Pingle
definition:
Pingle

Pin"gle
(?)
n.
[Perhaps fr. pin to impound.]
A small piece of inclosed ground.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]


word: ping-pong
definition:
ping-pong

ping"-pong`
(?)
n.
[Imitative.]
1.
An indoor modification of lawn tennis played with small bats, or battledores, and a very light, hollow, celluloid ball, on a large table divided across the middle by a net.  Also called table tennis.
[[originally a trade name]

2.
A size of photograph a little larger than a postage stamp.


word: Ping-pong
definition:
Ping-pong

Ping"-pong`
v. i.
1.
To play ping-pong.

2.
to bounce back and forth, in the manner of a ping-pong ball.


word: Ping-pong ball
definition:
Ping-pong ball

Ping"-pong ball`
v. i.
the small hollow celluloid ball used for the game of ping-pong.


word: Pinguefaction
definition:
Pinguefaction

Pin`gue*fac"tion
(?)
n.
[L. pinguefacere, pinguefactum, to fatten; pinguis fat + facere to make.]
(Med.)
A making of, or turning into, fat.


word: Pinguicula
definition:
Pinguicula

Pin*guic"u*la
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. L. pinguiculus somewhat fat, fattish.]
(Bot.)
See Butterwort.


word: Pinguidinous
definition:
Pinguidinous

Pin*guid"i*nous
(?)
a.
[L. pinguedo fatness, fr. pinguis fat.]
Containing fat; fatty.
[Obs.]


word: Pinguitude
definition:
Pinguitude

Pin"gui*tude
(?)
n.
[L. pinguitudo, from pinguis fat.]
Fatness; a growing fat; obesity.
[R.]


word: Pinic
definition:
Pinic

Pi"nic
(_;)
a.
[L. pinus pine.]
(Chem.)
Of or pertaining to the pine; obtained from the pine; formerly, designating an acid which is the chief constituent of common resin, -- now called abietic, or sylvic, acid.


word: Pining
definition:
Pining

Pin"ing
(?)
a.
1.
Languishing; drooping; wasting away, as with longing.

2.
Wasting; consuming.
pining
Shak.


word: Pinion
definition:
Pinion

Pin"ion
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
A moth of the genus Lithophane, as Lithophane antennata, whose larva bores large holes in young peaches and apples.


word: Pinion₂
definition:
Pinion

Pin"ion
n.
[OF. pignon a pen, F., gable, pinion (in sense 5); cf. Sp. piñon pinion; fr. L. pinna pinnacle, feather, wing. See Pin a peg, and cf. Pen a feather, Pennat, Pennon.]
1.
A feather; a quill.
Shak.

2.
A wing, literal or figurative.

Swift on his sooty pinions flits the gnome.
Pope.

3.
The joint of bird's wing most remote from the body.
Johnson.

4.
A fetter for the arm.
Ainsworth.

5.
(Mech.)
A cogwheel with a small number of teeth, or leaves, adapted to engage with a larger wheel, or rack (see Rack); esp., such a wheel having its leaves formed of the substance of the arbor or spindle which is its axis.

Lantern pinion. See under Lantern. -- Pinion wire, wire fluted longitudinally, for making the pinions of clocks and watches. It is formed by being drawn through holes of the shape required for the leaves or teeth of the pinions.


word: Pinion₃
definition:
Pinion

Pin"ion
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pinioned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pinioning.]
1.
To bind or confine the wings of; to confine by binding the wings.
Bacon.

2.
To disable by cutting off the pinion joint.
Johnson.

3.
To disable or restrain, as a person, by binding the arms, esp. by binding the arms to the body.
Shak.

Her elbows pinioned close upon her hips.
Cowper.

4.
Hence, generally, to confine; to bind; to tie up.
Pinioned
Norris.


word: Pinite
definition:
Pinite

Pin"ite
(?)
n.
[So called from Pini, a mine in Saxony.]
(Min.)
A compact granular cryptocrystalline mineral of a dull grayish or greenish white color. It is a hydrous alkaline silicate, and is derived from the alteration of other minerals, as iolite.


word: Pinite₂
definition:
Pinite

Pi"nite
(?)
n.
[L. pinus the pine tree.]
1.
(Paleon.)
Any fossil wood which exhibits traces of having belonged to the Pine family.

2.
(Chem.)
A sweet white crystalline substance extracted from the gum of a species of pine (Pinus Lambertina). It is isomeric with, and resembles, quercite.


word: Pink
definition:
Pink

Pink
(?)
n.
[D. pink.]
(Naut.)
A vessel with a very narrow stern; -- called also pinky.
Sir W. Scott.

Pink stern (Naut.), a narrow stern.


word: Pink₂
definition:
Pink

Pink
v. i.
[D. pinken, pinkoogen, to blink, twinkle with the eyes.]
To wink; to blink.
[Obs.]
L'Estrange.


word: Pink₄
definition:
Pink

Pink
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pinked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pinking.]
[OE. pinken to prick, probably a nasalized form of pick.]
1.
To pierce with small holes; to cut the edge of, as cloth or paper, in small scallops or angles.

2.
To stab; to pierce as with a sword.
Addison.

3.
To choose; to cull; to pick out.
[Obs.]
Herbert.


word: Pink₆
definition:
Pink

Pink
n.
[Perh. akin to pick; as if the edges of the petals were picked out.  Cf. Pink, v. t.]
1.
(Bot.)
A name given to several plants of the caryophyllaceous genus Dianthus, and to their flowers, which are sometimes very fragrant and often double in cultivated varieties. The species are mostly perennial herbs, with opposite linear leaves, and handsome five-petaled flowers with a tubular calyx.

2.
A color resulting from the combination of a pure vivid red with more or less white; -- so called from the common color of the flower.
Dryden.

3.
Anything supremely excellent; the embodiment or perfection of something.
pink
Shak.

4.
(Zool.)
The European minnow; -- so called from the color of its abdomen in summer.
[Prov. Eng.]

Bunch pink is Dianthus barbatus. -- China pink, or Indian pink. See under China. -- Clove pink is Dianthus Caryophyllus, the stock from which carnations are derived. -- Garden pink. See Pheasant's eye. -- Meadow pink is applied to Dianthus deltoides; also, to the ragged robin. -- Maiden pink, Dianthus deltoides. -- Moss pink. See under Moss. -- Pink needle, the pin grass; -- so called from the long, tapering points of the carpels. See Alfilaria. -- Sea pink. See Thrift.


word: Pink₇
definition:
Pink

Pink
a.
Resembling the garden pink in color; of the color called pink (see 6th Pink, 2); as, a pink dress; pink ribbons.

Pink eye (Med.), a popular name for an epidemic variety of ophthalmia, associated with early and marked redness of the eyeball. -- Pink salt (Chem. & Dyeing), the double chlorides of (stannic) tin and ammonium, formerly much used as a mordant for madder and cochineal. -- Pink saucer, a small saucer, the inner surface of which is covered with a pink pigment.


word: Pinking
definition:
Pinking

Pink"ing
n.
1.
The act of piercing or stabbing.

2.
The act or method of decorating fabrics or garments with a pinking iron; also, the style of decoration; scallops made with a pinking iron.

Pinking iron. (a) An instrument for scalloping the edges of ribbons, flounces, etc. (b) A sword. [Colloq.]


word: Pinkroot
definition:
Pinkroot

Pink"root`
(?)
n.
1.
(Med.)
The root of Spigelia Marilandica, used as a powerful vermifuge; also, that of Spigelia Anthelmia.  See definition 2 (below).

2.
(Bot.)
(a)
A perennial North American herb (Spigelia Marilandica), sometimes cultivated for its showy red blossoms. Called also Carolina pink, Maryland pinkroot, and worm grass.
(b)
An annual South American and West Indian plant (Spigelia Anthelmia).


word: Pinkster
definition:
Pinkster

Pink"ster
(?)
n.
[D. pinkster, pinksteren, fr. Gr. _;. See Pentecost.]
Whitsuntide.
[Written also pingster and pinxter.]

Pinkster flower (Bot.), the rosy flower of the Azalea nudiflora; also, the shrub itself; -- called also Pinxter blomachee by the New York descendants of the Dutch settlers.


word: Pink-sterned
definition:
Pink-sterned

Pink"-sterned`
(?)
a.
[See 1st Pink.]
(Naut.)
Having a very narrow stern; -- said of a vessel.


word: Pinna
definition:
Pinna

Pin"na
(?)
n.
pl. Pinnæ (#), E. Pinnas (#).
[L., a feather.]
1.
(Bot.)
(a)
A leaflet of a pinnate leaf. See Illust. of Bipinnate leaf, under Bipinnate.
(b)
One of the primary divisions of a decompound leaf.

2.
(Zool.)
One of the divisions of a pinnate part or organ.

3.
[L. pinna, akin to Gr. _;.]
(Zool.)
Any species of Pinna, a genus of large bivalve mollusks found in all warm seas. The byssus consists of a large number of long, silky fibers, which have been used in manufacturing woven fabrics, as a curiosity.

4.
(Anat.)
The auricle of the ear. See Ear.


word: Pinnace
definition:
Pinnace

Pin"nace
(?)
n.
[F. pinasse; cf. It. pinassa, pinazza, Sp. pinaza; all from L. pinus a pine tree, anything made of pine, e.g., a ship.  Cf. Pine a tree.]
1.
(Naut.)
(a)
A small vessel propelled by sails or oars, formerly employed as a tender, or for coast defence; -- called originally, spynace or spyne.
(b)
A man-of-war's boat.

Whilst our pinnace anchors in the Downs.
Shak.

2.
A procuress; a pimp.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.


word: Pinnacle
definition:
Pinnacle

Pin"na*cle
(?)
n.
[OE. pinacle, F. pinacle, L. pinnaculum, fr. pinna pinnacle, feather. See Pin a peg.]
1.
(Arch.)
An architectural member, upright, and generally ending in a small spire, -- used to finish a buttress, to constitute a part in a proportion, as where pinnacles flank a gable or spire, and the like. Pinnacles may be considered primarily as added weight, where it is necessary to resist the thrust of an arch, etc.

Some renowned metropolis
With glistering spires and pinnacles around.
Milton.

2.
Anything resembling a pinnacle; a lofty peak; a pointed summit.

Three silent pinnacles of aged snow.
Tennyson.

The slippery tops of human state,
The gilded pinnacles of fate.
Cowley.


word: Pinnacle₂
definition:
Pinnacle

Pin"na*cle
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pinnacled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pinnacling (?).]
To build or furnish with a pinnacle or pinnacles.
T. Warton.


word: Pinnated
definition:
Pinnated

Pinnate

{ Pin"nate (?), Pin"na*ted (?), }
a.
[L. pinnatus feathered, fr. pinna a feather. See Pin a peg, Pen feather.]
1.
(Bot.)
Consisting of several leaflets, or separate portions, arranged on each side of a common petiole, as the leaves of a rosebush, a hickory, or an ash. See Abruptly pinnate, and Illust., under Abruptly.

2.
(Zool.)
Having a winglike tuft of long feathers on each side of the neck.

Pinnated grouse (Zool.), the prairie chicken.


word: Pinnatifid
definition:
Pinnatifid

Pin*nat"i*fid
(?)
a.
[L. pinnatus feathered + root of findere to split: cf. F. pinnatifide.]
(Bot.)
Divided in a pinnate manner, with the divisions not reaching to the midrib.


word: Pinnatilobate
definition:
Pinnatilobate

Pin*nat`i*lo"bate
(?)
a.
[See Pinnate, and Lobate.]
(Bot.)
Having lobes arranged in a pinnate manner.


word: Pinnatiped
definition:
Pinnatiped

Pin*nat"i*ped
(?)
a.
[L. pinnatus feathered + pes, pedis foot: cf. F. pinnatipède.]
(Zool.)
Having the toes bordered by membranes; fin-footed, as certain birds.


word: Pinner
definition:
Pinner

Pin"ner
(?)
n.
1.
One who, or that which, pins or fastens, as with pins.

2.
(Costume)
(a)
A headdress like a cap, with long lappets.
(b)
An apron with a bib; a pinafore.
(c)
A cloth band for a gown.
[Obs.]

With kerchief starched, and pinners clean.
Gay.

3.
A pin maker.


word: Pinniform
definition:
Pinniform

Pin"ni*form
(?)
a.
[L. pinna feather, fin + -form.]
Shaped like a fin or feather.
Sir J. Hill.


word: Pinnigrada
definition:
Pinnigrada

Pin`ni*gra"da
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. pinna a feather + gradi to walk, move.]
(Zool.)
Same as Pinnipedia.


word: Pinnigrade
definition:
Pinnigrade

Pin"ni*grade
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
An animal of the seal tribe, moving by short feet that serve as paddles.


word: Pinniped
definition:
Pinniped

Pin"ni*ped
(?)
n.
[L. pinna feather, fin + pes, pedis, a foot: cf. F. pinnipède.]
(Zool.)
(a)
One of the Pinnipedia; a seal.
(b)
One of the Pinnipedes.


word: Pinnipedia
definition:
Pinnipedia

Pin`ni*pe"di*a
(?)
n. pl.
[NL. So called because their webbed feet are used as paddles or fins.]
(Zool.)
A suborder of aquatic carnivorous mammals including the seals and walruses; -- opposed to Fissipedia.


word: Pinnock
definition:
Pinnock

Pin"nock
(?)
n.
[Of uncertain origin.]
(Zool.)
(a)
The hedge sparrow.
[Prov. Eng.]
(b)
The tomtit.


word: Pinnothere
definition:
Pinnothere

Pin"no*there
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; a pinna + _; an animal.]
(Zool.)
A crab of the genus pinnotheres. See Oyster crab, under Oyster.


word: Pinnulate
definition:
Pinnulate

Pin"nu*late
(?)
a.
[See Pinnule.]
(Bot.)
Having each pinna subdivided; -- said of a leaf, or of its pinnæ.


word: Pinnule
definition:
Pinnule

Pin"nule
(?)
n.
[L. pinnula, dim. of pinna feather: cf. F. pinnule.]
1.
(Bot.)
One of the small divisions of a decompound frond or leaf. See Illust. of Bipinnate leaf, under Bipinnate.

2.
(Zool.)
Any one of a series of small, slender organs, or parts, when arranged in rows so as to have a plumelike appearance; as, a pinnule of a gorgonia; the pinnules of a crinoid.


word: Pinnywinkles
definition:
Pinnywinkles

Pin"ny*win`kles
(?)
n. pl.
An instrument of torture, consisting of a board with holes into which the fingers were pressed, and fastened with pegs.
[Written also pilliewinkles.]
[Scot.]
Sir W. Scott.


word: Pinocle
definition:
Pinocle

Pinochle

{ Pin"o*chle, Pin"o*cle }
(?)
n.
A game at cards, played with forty-eight cards, being all the cards above the eight spots in two packs.
[Also spelled penuchle.]


word: Pinole
definition:
Pinole

Pi*nole"
(?)
n.
1.
An aromatic powder used in Italy in the manufacture of chocolate.

2.
Parched maize, ground, and mixed with sugar, etc. Mixed with water, it makes a nutritious beverage.


word: Piñon
definition:
Piñon

Piñ"on
(?)
n.
[Sp. piñon.]
(Bot.)
(a)
The edible seed of several species of pine; also, the tree producing such seeds, as Pinus Pinea of Southern Europe, and Pinus Parryana, cembroides, edulis, and monophylla, the nut pines of Western North America.
(b)
See Monkey's puzzle.
[Written also pignon.]


word: Pint
definition:
Pint

Pint
(?)
n.
[OE. pinte, F. pinte, fr. Sp. pinta spot, mark, pint, fr. pintar to paint; a mark for a pint prob. having been made on or in a larger measure. See Paint.]
A measure of capacity, equal to half a quart, or four gills, -- used in liquid and dry measures. See Quart.


word: Pintado
definition:
Pintado

Pin*ta"do
(?)
n.
pl. Pintados (#).
[Sp., painted, fr. pintar to paint.]
1.
(Zool.)
Any bird of the genus Numida. Several species are found in Africa. The common pintado, or Guinea fowl, the helmeted, and the crested pintados, are the best known. See Guinea fowl, under Guinea.

2.
A fish (Scomberomorus regalis) similar to, but larger than, the Spanish mackerel, and having elongated spots, common about Florida and the West Indies.


word: Pintail
definition:
Pintail

Pin"tail`
(?)
n.
1.
(Zool.)
A northern duck (Dafila acuta), native of both continents. The adult male has a long, tapering tail. Called also gray duck, piketail, piket-tail, spike-tail, split-tail, springtail, sea pheasant, and gray widgeon.

2.
(Zool.)
The sharp-tailed grouse of the great plains and Rocky Mountains (Pediocætes phasianellus); -- called also pintailed grouse, pintailed chicken, springtail, and sharptail.


word: Pin-tailed
definition:
Pin-tailed

Pin"-tailed`
(?)
a.
(Zool.)
Having a tapered tail, with the middle feathers longest; -- said of birds.


word: Pintle
definition:
Pintle

Pin"tle
(?)
n.
[A diminutive of Pin.]
1.
A little pin.

2.
(Mech.)
An upright pivot pin
(a)
The pivot pin of a hinge.
(b)
A hook or pin on which a rudder hangs and turns.
(c)
A pivot about which the chassis swings, in some kinds of gun carriages.
(d)
A kingbolt of a wagon.


word: Pintos
definition:
Pintos

Pin"tos
(?)
n. pl.
sing. Pinto (_;).
[Sp., painted, mottled.]
(Eyhnol.)
A mountain tribe of Mexican Indians living near Acapulco. They are remarkable for having the dark skin of the face irregularly spotted with white. Called also speckled Indians.


word: Pintsch gas
definition:
Pintsch gas

Pintsch gas
(?)
[After Richard Pintsch, German inventor.]
A kind of oil gas extensively used for lighting railroad cars, which carry it in compressed form.


word: Pinus
definition:
Pinus

Pi"nus
(?)
n.
[L., a pine tree.]
(Bot.)
A large genus of evergreen coniferous trees, mostly found in the northern hemisphere. The genus formerly included the firs, spruces, larches, and hemlocks, but is now limited to those trees which have the primary leaves of the branchlets reduced to mere scales, and the secondary ones (pine needles) acicular, and usually in fascicles of two to seven. See Pine.


word: Pinweed
definition:
Pinweed

Pin"weed`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
Any plant of the genus Lechea, low North American herbs with branching stems, and very small and abundant leaves and flowers.


word: Pinworm
definition:
Pinworm

Pin"worm`
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
A small nematoid worm (Oxyurus vermicularis), which is parasitic chiefly in the rectum of man. It is most common in children and aged persons.


word: Pinxit
definition:
Pinxit

Pinx"it
(?)
[L., perfect indicative 3d sing. of pingere to paint.]
A word appended to the artist's name or initials on a painting, or engraved copy of a painting; as, Rubens pinxit, Rubens painted (this).


word: Pioned
definition:
Pioned

Pi"o*ned
(?)
a.
A Shakespearean word of disputed meaning; perh., “abounding in marsh marigolds.”

Thy banks with pioned and twilled brims.
Shak.


word: Pioneer
definition:
Pioneer

Pi`o*neer"
(?)
n.
[F. pionier, orig., a foot soldier, OF. peonier, fr. OF. peon a foot soldier, F. pion. See Pawn in chess.]
1.
(Mil.)
A soldier detailed or employed to form roads, dig trenches, and make bridges, as an army advances.

2.
One who goes before, as into the wilderness, preparing the way for others to follow; as, pioneers of civilization; pioneers of reform.


word: Pioneer₂
definition:
Pioneer

Pi`o*neer"
v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Pioneered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pioneering.]
1.
To go before, and prepare or open a way for; to act as pioneer.

2.
to take part in the early development of; to break ground in; to invent or originate.


word: Pioneering
definition:
Pioneering

Pi`o*neer"ing
a.
groundbreaking; originating; -- of efforts that begin work in a field or on a topic not previously widely known.


word: Pioneers' Day
definition:
Pioneers' Day

Pi`o*neers'" Day
(?)
In Utah, a legal holiday, July 24, commemorated the arrival, in 1847, of Brigham Young and his followers at the present site of Salt Lake City.


word: Pious
definition:
Pious

Pi"ous
(?)
a.
[L. pius: cf. F. pieux.]
1.
Of or pertaining to piety; exhibiting piety; reverential; dutiful; religious; devout; godly.
Pious
Milton.
Pious
Johnson.

Where was the martial brother's pious care?
Pope.

2.
Practiced under the pretext of religion; prompted by mistaken piety; as, pious errors; pious frauds.


word: Pip
definition:
Pip

Pip
(?)
n.
[OE. pippe, D. pip, or F. pépie; from LL. pipita, fr. L. pituita slime, phlegm, rheum, in fowls, the pip.  Cf. Pituite.]
A contagious disease of fowls, characterized by hoarseness, discharge from the nostrils and eyes, and an accumulation of mucus in the mouth, forming a “scale” on the tongue. By some the term pip is restricted to this last symptom, the disease being called roup by them.


word: Pip₃
definition:
Pip

Pip
n.
[Perh. for pick, F. pique a spade at cards, a pike.  Cf. Pique.]
One of the conventional figures or “spots” on playing cards, dominoes, etc.
Addison.


word: Pip₄
definition:
Pip

Pip
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Pipped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pipping.]
[See Peep.]
To cry or chirp, as a chicken; to peep.

To hear the chick pip and cry in the egg.
Boyle.


word: Pipa
definition:
Pipa

Pi*pa
(?)
n.
pl. Pipas (_;).
(Zool.)
The Surinam toad (Pipa Americana), noted for its peculiar breeding habits.

&hand_; The male places the eggs on the back of the female, where they soon become inclosed in capsules formed by the thickening of the skin. The incubation of the eggs takes place in the capsules, and the young, when hatched, come forth with well developed legs.


word: Pipage
definition:
Pipage

Pip"age
(?)
n.
Transportation, as of petroleum oil, by means of a pipe conduit; also, the charge for such transportation.


word: Pipe
definition:
Pipe

Pipe
(?)
n.
[AS. pīpe, probably fr. L. pipare, pipire, to chirp; of imitative origin.  Cf. Peep, Pibroch, Fife.]
1.
A wind instrument of music, consisting of a tube or tubes of straw, reed, wood, or metal; any tube which produces musical sounds; as, a shepherd's pipe; the pipe of an organ.
pipe
Milton.

Now had he rather hear the tabor and the pipe.
Shak.

2.
Any long tube or hollow body of wood, metal, earthenware, or the like: especially, one used as a conductor of water, steam, gas, etc.

3.
A small bowl with a hollow stem, -- used in smoking tobacco, and, sometimes, other substances.

4.
A passageway for the air in speaking and breathing; the windpipe, or one of its divisions.

5.
The key or sound of the voice.
[R.]
Shak.

6.
The peeping whistle, call, or note of a bird.

The earliest pipe of half-awakened birds.
Tennyson.

7.
pl.
The bagpipe; as, the pipes of Lucknow.

8.
(Mining)
An elongated body or vein of ore.

9.
A roll formerly used in the English exchequer, otherwise called the Great Roll, on which were taken down the accounts of debts to the king; -- so called because put together like a pipe.
Mozley & W.

10.
(Naut.)
A boatswain's whistle, used to call the crew to their duties; also, the sound of it.

11.
[Cf. F. pipe, fr. pipe a wind instrument, a tube, fr. L. pipare to chirp. See Etymol. above.]
A cask usually containing two hogsheads, or 126 wine gallons; also, the quantity which it contains.

Pipe fitter, one who fits pipes together, or applies pipes, as to an engine or a building. -- Pipe fitting, a piece, as a coupling, an elbow, a valve, etc., used for connecting lengths of pipe or as accessory to a pipe. -- Pipe office, an ancient office in the Court of Exchequer, in which the clerk of the pipe made out leases of crown lands, accounts of cheriffs, etc. [Eng.] -- Pipe tree (Bot.), the lilac and the mock orange; -- so called because their were formerly used to make pipe stems; -- called also pipe privet. -- Pipe wrench, or Pipe tongs, a jawed tool for gripping a pipe, in turning or holding it. -- To smoke the pipe of peace, to smoke from the same pipe in token of amity or preparatory to making a treaty of peace, -- a custom of the American Indians.


word: Pipe₂
definition:
Pipe

Pipe
v. i.
1.
To play on a pipe, fife, flute, or other tubular wind instrument of music.

We have piped unto you, and ye have not danced.
Matt. xi. 17.

2.
(Naut.)
To call, convey orders, etc., by means of signals on a pipe or whistle carried by a boatswain.

3.
To emit or have a shrill sound like that of a pipe; to whistle.
piping
Wordsworth.

4.
(Metal.)
To become hollow in the process of solodifying; -- said of an ingot, as of steel.


word: Pipe₃
definition:
Pipe

Pipe
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Piped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Piping.]
1.
To perform, as a tune, by playing on a pipe, flute, fife, etc.; to utter in the shrill tone of a pipe.

A robin . . . was piping a few querulous notes.
W. Irving.

2.
(Naut.)
To call or direct, as a crew, by the boatswain's whistle.

As fine a ship's company as was ever piped aloft.
Marryat.

3.
To furnish or equip with pipes; as, to pipe an engine, or a building.


word: Pipe clay
definition:
Pipe clay

Pipe" clay`
(klā`)
A plastic, unctuous clay of a grayish white color, -- used in making tobacco pipes and various kinds of earthenware, in scouring cloth, and in cleansing soldiers' equipments.


word: Pipeclay
definition:
Pipeclay

Pipe"clay`
v. t.
1.
To whiten or clean with pipe clay, as a soldier's accouterments.

2.
To clear off; as, to pipeclay accounts.
[Slang, Eng.]


word: Pipefish
definition:
Pipefish

Pipe"fish`
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
Any lophobranch fish of the genus Siphostoma, or Syngnathus, and allied genera, having a long and very slender angular body, covered with bony plates. The mouth is small, at the end of a long, tubular snout. The male has a pouch on his belly, in which the incubation of the eggs takes place.


word: Pipe layer
definition:
Pipe layer

Pipelayer

Pipe"lay`er (?), n., or Pipe" lay`er
1.
One who lays conducting pipes in the ground, as for water, gas, etc.

2.
(Polit. Cant)
A politician who works in secret; -- in this sense, usually written as one word.
[U.S.]


word: Pipe laying
definition:
Pipe laying

Pipelaying

Pipe"lay`ing, n., or Pipe" lay`ing
1.
The laying of conducting pipes underground, as for water, gas, etc.

2.
(Polit. Cant)
The act or method of making combinations for personal advantage secretly or slyly; -- in this sense, usually written as one word.
[U.S.]


word: pipe line
definition:
pipe line

pipeline

pipeline, pipe line
1.
A line of pipe with pumping machinery and apparatus for conveying liquids, gases, or finely divided solids, such as petroleum or natural gas, between distant points.

2.
fig. an information channel direct from the source.

3.
the set of stages and processes from the invention or design of a product to its ultimate use, production, or commercial sale.  Used commonly in the phrase in the pipeline, i. e. still in preparation or under development.


word: Pipemouth
definition:
Pipemouth

Pipe"mouth`
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
Any fish of the genus Fistularia; -- called also tobacco pipefish. See Fistularia.


word: Piper₂
definition:
Piper

Pip"er
(?)
n.
1.
(Mus.)
One who plays on a pipe, or the like, esp. on a bagpipe.
piper
Macaulay.

2.
(Zool.)
(a)
A common European gurnard (Trigla lyra), having a large head, with prominent nasal projection, and with large, sharp, opercular spines.
(b)
A sea urchin (Goniocidaris hystrix) having very long spines, native of both the American and European coasts.

To pay the piper, to bear the cost, expense, or trouble.


word: Piperaceous
definition:
Piperaceous

Pip`er*a"ceous
(?)
a.
[L. piper pepper.]
(Bot.)
Of or pertaining to the order of plants (Piperaceæ) of which the pepper (Piper nigrum) is the type. There are about a dozen genera and a thousand species, mostly tropical plants with pungent and aromatic qualities.


word: -zin
definition:
-zin

Piperazine

{ Pi*per"a*zine (?), n. Also -zin  }
[Piperidine + azote + -ine.]
(Chem.)
A crystalline substance, (C2H4NH)2, formed by action of ammonia on ethylene bromide, by reduction of pyrazine, etc. It is a strong base, and is used as a remedy for gout.


word: Piperic
definition:
Piperic

Pi*per"ic
(pi̝*pĕr"ĭk)
a.
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, or designating, a complex organic acid found in the products of different members of the Pepper family, and extracted as a yellowish crystalline substance.


word: Piperidine
definition:
Piperidine

Pi*per"i*dine
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
An oily liquid alkaloid, C5H11N, having a hot, peppery, ammoniacal odor. It is related to pyridine, and is obtained by the decomposition of piperine.


word: Piperine
definition:
Piperine

Pip"er*ine
(?)
n.
[L. piper pepper: cf. F. piperin, piperine.]
(Chem.)
A white crystalline compound of piperidine and piperic acid. It is obtained from the black pepper (Piper nigrum) and other species.


word: Piperonal
definition:
Piperonal

Pip`er*o"nal
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A white crystalline substance obtained by oxidation of piperic acid, and regarded as a complex aldehyde.


word: Piperylene
definition:
Piperylene

Pi*per"y*lene
(?)
n.
[Piperidine + acetylene.]
(Chem.)
A hydrocarbon obtained by decomposition of certain piperidine derivatives.


word: Pipestem
definition:
Pipestem

Pipe"stem`
(?)
n.
The hollow stem or tube of a pipe used for smoking tobacco, etc.

Took a long reed for a pipestem.
Longfellow.


word: Pipestone
definition:
Pipestone

Pipe"stone`
(?)
n.
A kind of clay slate, carved by the Indians into tobacco pipes.  Cf. Catlinite.


word: Pipette
definition:
Pipette

Pi*pette"
(?)
n.
[F., dim. of pipe.]
A small glass tube, often with an enlargement or bulb in the middle, and usually graduated, -- used for transferring or delivering measured quantities.


word: Pipevine
definition:
Pipevine

Pipe"vine`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
Any climbing species of Aristolochia; esp., the Dutchman's pipe (Aristolochia sipho). See under Dutchman.


word: Pipewood
definition:
Pipewood

Pipe"wood`
(?)
n.
An ericaceous shrub (Leucothoë acuminata) of the southern United States, from the wood of which pipe bowls are made.


word: Pipewort
definition:
Pipewort

Pipe"wort`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
Any plant of a genus (Eriocaulon) of aquatic or marsh herbs with soft grass-like leaves.


word: Piping
definition:
Piping

Pip"ing
(pīp"ĭng)
a.
[From Pipe, v.]
1.
Playing on a musical pipe.
piping swains
Swift.

2.
Peaceful; favorable to, or characterized by, the music of the pipe rather than of the drum and fife.
Shak.

3.
Emitting a high, shrill sound.

4.
Simmering; boiling; sizzling; hissing; -- from the sound of boiling fluids.

Piping crow, Piping crow shrike, Piping roller (Zool.), any Australian bird of the genus Gymnorhina, esp. Gymnorhina tibicen, which is black and white, and the size of a small crow. Called also caruck. -- Piping frog (Zool.), a small American tree frog (Hyla Pickeringii) which utters a high, shrill note in early spring. -- Piping hot, boiling hot; hissing hot; very hot. [Colloq.] Milton.


word: Piping₂
definition:
Piping

Pip"ing
n.
1.
A small cord covered with cloth, -- used as trimming for women's dresses.

2.
Pipes, collectively; as, the piping of a house.

3.
The act of playing on a pipe; the shrill noted of birds, etc.

4.
A piece cut off to be set or planted; a cutting; also, propagation by cuttings.


word: Pipistrelle
definition:
Pipistrelle

Pipistrel

{ Pi*pis"trel (?), Pip`i*strelle" (?), }
n.
[F. pipistrelle, It. pipistrello.]
(Zool.)
A small European bat (Vesperugo pipistrellus); -- called also flittermouse.


word: Pipit
definition:
Pipit

Pip"it
(?)
n.
[So named from its call note.]
(Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of small singing birds belonging to Anthus and allied genera, of the family Motacillidæ. They strongly resemble the true larks in habits, colors, and the great length of the hind claw. They are, therefore, often called titlarks, and pipit larks.

&hand_; The meadow pipit (Anthus pratensis); the tree pipit, or tree lark (Anthus trivialis); and the rock pipit, or sea lark (Anthus obscurus) are well-known European species.  The common American pipit, or brown lark, is Anthus Pensilvanicus. The Western species (Anthus Spraguei) is called the American skylark, on account of its musical powers.


word: Pippin
definition:
Pippin

Pip"pin
(?)
n.
[Probably fr. OE. pippin a seed, as being raised from the seed. See Pip a seed.]
(Bot.)
(a)
An apple from a tree raised from the seed and not grafted; a seedling apple.
(b)
A name given to apples of several different kinds, as Newtown pippin, summer pippin, fall pippin, golden pippin.

We will eat a last year's pippin.
Shak.

Normandy pippins, sun-dried apples for winter use.


word: Pipra
definition:
Pipra

Pi"pra
(?)
n.
pl. Pipras (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. _; a woodpecker.]
(Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of small clamatorial birds belonging to Pipra and allied genera, of the family Pipridæ. The male is usually glossy black, varied with scarlet, yellow, or sky blue. They chiefly inhabit South America.


word: Pipsissewa
definition:
Pipsissewa

Pip*sis"se*wa
(?)
n.
[From American Indian.]
(Bot.)
A low evergreen plant (Chimaphila umbellata), with narrow, wedge-lanceolate leaves, and an umbel of pretty nodding fragrant blossoms. It has been used in nephritic diseases. Called also prince's pine.


word: Piquant
definition:
Piquant

Pi"quant
(?)
a.
[F., p. pr. of piquer to prick or sting. See Pike.]
Stimulating to the taste; giving zest; tart; sharp; pungent; as, a piquant anecdote.
piquant
Addison.
Piquant
Gov. of Tongue.


word: Pique
definition:
Pique

Pi`qué"
(?)
n.
[F., p. p. of piquer to prick.]
A cotton fabric, figured in the loom, -- used as a dress goods for women and children, and for vestings, etc.


word: Pique₃
definition:
Pique

Pique
(?)
n.
[F., fr. piquer. See Pike.]
1.
A feeling of hurt, vexation, or resentment, awakened by a social slight or injury; irritation of the feelings, as through wounded pride; stinging vexation.

Men take up piques and displeasures.
Dr. H. More.

Wars had arisen . . . upon a personal pique.
De Quincey.

2.
Keenly felt desire; a longing.

Though it have the pique, and long,
'Tis still for something in the wrong.
Hudibras.

3.
(Card Playing)
In piquet, the right of the elder hand to count thirty in hand, or to play before the adversary counts one.


word: Pique₄
definition:
Pique

Pique
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Piqued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Piquing (?).]
[F. piquer. See Pike.]
1.
To wound the pride of; to sting; to nettle; to irritate; to fret; to offend; to excite to anger.

Pique her, and soothe in turn.
Byron.

2.
To excite to action by causing resentment or jealousy; to stimulate; to prick; as, to pique ambition, or curiosity.
Prior.

3.
To pride or value; -- used reflexively.

Men . . . pique themselves upon their skill.
Locke.


word: Piquet₂
definition:
Piquet

Pi*quet"
(?)
n.
[F., prob. fr. pique. See Pique, Pike, and Picket.]
A game at cards played between two persons, with thirty-two cards, all the deuces, threes, fours, fives, and sixes, being set aside.
[Written also picket and picquet.]


word: Piracy
definition:
Piracy

Pi"ra*cy
(?)
n.
pl. Piracies (#).
[Cf. LL. piratia, Gr. _;. See Pirate.]
1.
The act or crime of a pirate.

2.
(Common Law)
Robbery on the high seas; the taking of property from others on the open sea by open violence; without lawful authority, and with intent to steal; -- a crime answering to robbery on land.

&hand_; By statute law several other offenses committed on the seas (as trading with known pirates, or engaging in the slave trade) have been made piracy.

3.

infringement
Abbott.


word: Pirameter
definition:
Pirameter

Pi*ram"e*ter
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; trial + -meter.]
A dynamometer for ascertaining the power required to draw carriages over roads.


word: Pirate
definition:
Pirate

Pi"rate
(?)
n.
[L. pirata, Gr. _;, fr. _; to attempt, undertake, from making attempts or attacks on ships, _; an attempt, trial; akin to E. peril: cf. F. pirate. See Peril.]
1.
A robber on the high seas; one who by open violence takes the property of another on the high seas; especially, one who makes it his business to cruise for robbery or plunder; a freebooter on the seas; also, one who steals in a harbor.

2.
An armed ship or vessel which sails without a legal commission, for the purpose of plundering other vessels on the high seas.

3.
One who infringes the law of copyright, or publishes the work of an author without permission.

Pirate perch (Zool.), a fresh-water percoid fish of the United States (Aphredoderus Sayanus). It is of a dark olive color, speckled with blackish spots.


word: Pirate₂
definition:
Pirate

Pi"rate
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Pirated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pirating.]
[Cf. F. pirater.]
To play the pirate; to practice robbery on the high seas.


word: Pirate₃
definition:
Pirate

Pi"rate
v. t.
To publish, as books or writings, without the permission of the author.

They advertised they would pirate his edition.
Pope.


word: Piratical
definition:
Piratical

Pi*rat"ic*al
(?)
a.
[L. piraticus, Gr. _;: cf. F. piratique.]
Of or pertaining to a pirate; acquired by, or practicing, piracy; as, a piratical undertaking.
Piratical
Pope.
Pi*rat"ic*al*ly, adv.


word: Piraya
definition:
Piraya

Pi*ra"ya
(?)
n.
[From the native name.]
(Zool.)
A large voracious fresh-water fish (Serrasalmo piraya) of South America, having lancet-shaped teeth.


word: Piririgua
definition:
Piririgua

Pi`ri*ri"gua
(?)
n.
[From the native name.]
(Zool.)
A South American bird (Guira guira) allied to the cuckoos.


word: Pirl
definition:
Pirl

Pirl
(?)
v. t.
[Cf. Purl.]
1.
To spin, as a top.

2.
To twist or twine, as hair in making fishing lines.


word: Pirn
definition:
Pirn

Pirn
(?)
n.
[Etymol. uncertain.]
A quill or reed on which thread or yarn is wound; a bobbin; also, the wound yarn on a weaver's shuttle; also, the reel of a fishing rod.
[Scot.]


word: Pirogue
definition:
Pirogue

Pi*rogue"
(?)
n.
[Originally an American Indian word: cf. F. pirogue, Sp. piroga, piragua.]
A dugout canoe; by extension, any small boat.
[Written variously periauger, perogue, piragua, periagua, etc.]


word: Pirouette
definition:
Pirouette

Pir`ou*ette"
(?)
n.
[F.; of uncertain origin.]
1.
A whirling or turning on the toes in dancing.

2.
(Man.)
The whirling about of a horse.


word: Pirouette₂
definition:
Pirouette

Pir`ou*ette"
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Pirouetted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pirouetting.]
[F. pirouetter.]
To perform a pirouette; to whirl, like a dancer.


word: Pirrie
definition:
Pirrie

Pirry

{ Pir"ry, Pir"rie  }
(?)
n.
[Cf. Scot. pirr a gentle breeze, Icel. byrr a prosperous wind, bylr a blast of wind.]
A rough gale of wind.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Elyot.


word: Piscary
definition:
Piscary

Pis"ca*ry
(?)
n.
[L. piscarius relating to fishes or to fishing, fr. piscis a fish.]
(Law)
The right or privilege of fishing in another man's waters.
Blackstone.


word: Piscation
definition:
Piscation

Pis*ca"tion
(?)
n.
[L. piscatio, fr. piscari to fish.]
Fishing; fishery.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.


word: Piscatory
definition:
Piscatory

Piscatorial

{ Pis`ca*to"ri*al (?), Pis"ca*to*ry (?), }
a.
[L. piscatorius, fr. piscator a fisherman, fr. piscari to fish, fr. piscis a fish. See Fish the animal.]
Of or pertaining to fishes or fishing.
Addison.


word: Pisces
definition:
Pisces

Pis"ces
(?)
n. pl.
[L. piscis a fish.]
1.
(Astron.)
(a)
The twelfth sign of the zodiac, marked &pisces_; in almanacs.
(b)
A zodiacal constellation, including the first point of Aries, which is the vernal equinoctial point; the Fish.

2.
(Zool.)
The class of Vertebrata that includes the fishes. The principal divisions are Elasmobranchii, Ganoidei, and Teleostei.


word: Pisciculture
definition:
Pisciculture

Pis`ci*cul"ture
(?)
n.
[L. piscis a fish + E. culture.]
Fish culture. See under Fish.


word: Pisciform
definition:
Pisciform

Pis"ci*form
(?)
a.
[L. piscis fish + -form.]
Having the form of a fish; resembling a fish.


word: Piscina
definition:
Piscina

Pis*ci"na
(?)
n.
[L., a certain, fishpond, fr. piscis a fish.]
(Arch.)
A niche near the altar in a church, containing a small basin for rinsing altar vessels.


word: Piscinal
definition:
Piscinal

Pis"ci*nal
(?)
a.
[L. piscinalis: cf. F. piscinal.]
Belonging to a fishpond or a piscina.


word: Piscine
definition:
Piscine

Pis"cine
(?)
a.
[L. piscis a fish.]
(Zool.)
Of or pertaining to a fish or fishes; as, piscine remains.


word: Piscivorous
definition:
Piscivorous

Pis*civ"o*rous
(?)
a.
[L. piscis a fish + vorare to devour: cf. F. piscivore.]
(Zool.)
Feeding or subsisting on fish.


word: Pise
definition:
Pise

Pi`sé"
(?)
n.
[F. pisé, from piser to stamp, pound, L. pisare.]
(Arch.)
A species of wall made of stiff earth or clay rammed in between molds which are carried up as the wall rises; -- called also pisé work.
Gwilt.


word: Pisiform
definition:
Pisiform

Pi"si*form
(?)
a.
[L. pisum a pea + -form: cf. F. pisiforme.]
Resembling a pea or peas in size and shape; as, a pisiform iron ore.


word: Pisiform₂
definition:
Pisiform

Pi"si*form
n.
(Anat.)
A small bone on the ulnar side of the carpus in man and many mammals. See Illust. of Artiodactyla.


word: Pismire
definition:
Pismire

Pis"mire
(?)
n.
[Piss + mire; so called because it discharges a moisture vulgarly considered urine. See Mire an ant.]
(Zool.)
An ant, or emmet.


word: Pisolite
definition:
Pisolite

Pi"so*lite
(?)
n.
[Gr. _; a pea + -lite: cf. F. pisolithe.]
(Min.)
A variety of calcite, or calcium carbonate, consisting of aggregated globular concretions about the size of a pea; -- called also peastone, peagrit.

&hand_; Oolite is similar in structure, but the concretions are as small as the roe of a fish.


word: Pisolitic
definition:
Pisolitic

Pi`so*lit"ic
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. pisolithique.]
(Min.)
Composed of, containing, or resembling, pisolite.


word: Piss
definition:
Piss

Piss
(pĭs)
v. t. & i.
[OE. pissen, F. pisser; akin to It. pisciare, D. & G. pissen, Dan. pisse, Icel. pissa.]
To discharge urine, to urinate; -- usually considered vulgar.
Shak.


word: Pissabed
definition:
Pissabed

Piss"a*bed`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A name locally applied to various wild plants, as dandelion, bluet, oxeye daisy, etc.


word: Pissasphalt
definition:
Pissasphalt

Pis"sas*phalt
(?)
n.
[L. pissasphaltus, Gr. _;; _; pitch + _; asphalt: cf. F. pissasphalte.]
(Min.)
Earth pitch; a soft, black bitumen of the consistency of tar, and of a strong smell. It is inflammable, and intermediate between petroleum and asphalt.
[Written also pisasphaltum, pisasphalt, etc.]


word: piss away
definition:
piss away

piss away
v. t.
To waste; to squander; to fritter away; as, he pissed away his opportunity to get the job by arriving late for the interview.
[vulgar]


word: piss off
definition:
piss off

piss off
v. t.
To anger or strongly annoy; as, his flippant attitude pissed off the teacher.
[vulgar]


word: piss off₂
definition:
piss off

piss off
v. i.
To leave immediately; to scram; -- chiefly British, and sometimes considered vulgar.
[Brit., vulgar]


word: Pistache
definition:
Pistache

Pis*tache"
(?)
n.
[OE. pistace, fr. F. pistache. See Pistachio.]
(Bot.)
The anacardiaceous tree Pistacia vera, which yields the pistachio nut; also, the nut itself and the flavoring extract prepared from it.  Called also pistachio.


word: Pistachio
definition:
Pistachio

Pis*ta"chio
(?)
n.
[It. pistacchio (cf. Sp. pistacho, F. pistache), fr. L. pistacium, Gr. _;, _;, fr. Per. pistah.  Cf. Fistinut.]
(Bot.)
The nut of the Pistacia vera, a tree of the order Anacardiaceæ, containing a kernel of a pale greenish color, which has a pleasant taste, resembling that of the almond, and yields an oil of agreeable taste and odor; -- called also pistachio nut. It is wholesome and nutritive. The tree grows in Arabia, Persia, Syria, and Sicily.
[Written also pistachia.]

2.
The small anacardiaceous tree (Pistacia vera), of southern Europe and Asia Minor, which bears the pistachio nut.  Called also pistache.

3.
(Cookery)
The flavor of the pistachio nut, or an ice or confection flavored with it.

4.
Pistachio green.


word: Pistachio green
definition:
Pistachio green

Pistachio green
A light yellowish green color resembling that of the pistachio nut.


word: Pistacia
definition:
Pistacia

Pis*ta"ci*a
(?)
n.
[NL. See Pistachio.]
(Bot.)
The name of a genus of trees, including the tree which bears the pistachio (Pistacia vera), the Mediterranean mastic tree (Pistacia Lentiscus), and the species (Pistacia Terebinthus) which yields Chian or Cyprus turpentine.


word: Pistacite
definition:
Pistacite

Pis"ta*cite
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. pistacite. So called from its green color. See Pistachio.]
(Min.)
Epidote.


word: Piste
definition:
Piste

Piste
(?)
n.
[F., fr. L. pisere, pinsere, pistum, to pound.]
(Min.)
The track or tread a horseman makes upon the ground he goes over.
Johnson.


word: Pistil₂
definition:
Pistil

Pis"til
(?)
n.
[L. pistillum, pistillus, a pestle: cf. F. pistil. See Pestle.]
(Bot.)
The seed-bearing organ of a flower. It consists of an ovary, containing the ovules or rudimentary seeds, and a stigma, which is commonly raised on an elongated portion called a style. When composed of one carpel a pistil is simple; when composed of several, it is compound. See Illust. of Flower, and Ovary.


word: Pistillaceous
definition:
Pistillaceous

Pis`til*la"ceous
(?)
a.
(Bot.)
Growing on, or having nature of, the pistil; of or pertaining to a pistil.
Barton.


word: Pistillate
definition:
Pistillate

Pis"til*late
(?)
a.
(Bot.)
Having a pistil or pistils; -- usually said of flowers having pistils but no stamens.


word: Pistillation
definition:
Pistillation

Pis`til*la"tion
(?)
n.
[L. pistillum a pestle.]
The act of pounding or breaking in a mortar; pestillation.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.


word: Pistillidium
definition:
Pistillidium

Pis`til*lid"i*um
(?)
n.
pl. Pistillida (#).
[NL., fr. E. pistil.]
(Bot.)
Same as Archegonium.


word: Pistilliferous
definition:
Pistilliferous

Pis`til*lif"er*ous
(?)
a.
[Pistil + -ferous: cf. F. pistillifère.]
(Bot.)
Pistillate.


word: Pistillody
definition:
Pistillody

Pis"til*lo*dy
(?)
n.
[Pistil + Gr. e'i^dos form.]
(Bot.)
The metamorphosis of other organs into pistils.


word: Pistol
definition:
Pistol

Pis"tol
(?)
n.
[F. pistole, pistolet, It. pistola; prob. from a form Pistola, for Pistoja, a town in Italy where pistols were first made.  Cf. Pistole.]
The smallest firearm used, intended to be fired from one hand, -- now of many patterns, and bearing a great variety of names. See Illust. of Revolver.

Pistol carbine, a firearm with a removable but-piece, and thus capable of being used either as a pistol or a carbine. -- Pistol pipe (Metal.), a pipe in which the blast for a furnace is heated, resembling a pistol in form. -- Pistol shot. (a) The discharge of a pistol. (b) The distance to which a pistol can propel a ball.


word: Pistol₂
definition:
Pistol

Pis"tol
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pistoled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pistoling.]
[Cf. F. pistoler.]
To shoot with a pistol.
pistol
Sydney Smith.


word: Pistole
definition:
Pistole

Pis*tole"
(?)
n.
[F., probably a name given in jest in France to a Spanish coin.  Cf. Pistol.]
The name of certain gold coins of various values formerly coined in some countries of Europe. In Spain it was equivalent to a quarter doubloon, or about $3.90, and in Germany and Italy nearly the same. There was an old Italian pistole worth about $5.40.


word: Piston
definition:
Piston

Pis"ton
(?)
n.
[F. piston; cf. It. pistone piston, also pestone a large pestle; all fr. L. pinsere, pistum, to pound, to stamp. See Pestle, Pistil.]
(Mach.)
A sliding piece which either is moved by, or moves against, fluid pressure. It usually consists of a short cylinder fitting within a cylindrical vessel along which it moves, back and forth. It is used in steam engines to receive motion from the steam, and in pumps to transmit motion to a fluid; also for other purposes.

Piston head (Steam Eng.), that part of a piston which is made fast to the piston rod. -- Piston rod, a rod by which a piston is moved, or by which it communicates motion. -- Piston valve (Steam Eng.), a slide valve, consisting of a piston, or connected pistons, working in a cylindrical case which is provided with ports that are traversed by the valve.


word: Piston ring
definition:
Piston ring

Pis"ton ring
(Mach.)
A spring packing ring, or any of several such rings, for a piston.


word: Pit
definition:
Pit

Pit
(?)
n.
[OE. pit, put, AS. pytt a pit, hole, L. puteus a well, pit.]
1.
A large cavity or hole in the ground, either natural or artificial; a cavity in the surface of a body; an indentation
(a)
The shaft of a coal mine; a coal pit.
(b)
A large hole in the ground from which material is dug or quarried; as, a stone pit; a gravel pit; or in which material is made by burning; as, a lime pit; a charcoal pit.
(c)
A vat sunk in the ground; as, a tan pit.

Tumble me into some loathsome pit.
Shak.

2.
Any abyss; especially, the grave, or hades.

Back to the infernal pit I drag thee chained.
Milton.

He keepth back his soul from the pit.
Job xxxiii. 18.

3.
A covered deep hole for entrapping wild beasts; a pitfall; hence, a trap; a snare. Also used figuratively.

The anointed of the Lord was taken in their pits.
Lam. iv. 20.

4.
A depression or hollow in the surface of the human body
(a)
The hollow place under the shoulder or arm; the axilla, or armpit.
(b)
See Pit of the stomach (below).
(c)
The indentation or mark left by a pustule, as in smallpox.

5.
Formerly, that part of a theater, on the floor of the house, below the level of the stage and behind the orchestra; now, in England, commonly the part behind the stalls; in the United States, the parquet; also, the occupants of such a part of a theater.

6.
An inclosed area into which gamecocks, dogs, and other animals are brought to fight, or where dogs are trained to kill rats.
pit
Locke.

7.
[Cf. D. pit, akin to E. pith.]
(Bot.)
(a)
The endocarp of a drupe, and its contained seed or seeds; a stone; as, a peach pit; a cherry pit, etc.
(b)
A depression or thin spot in the wall of a duct.

Cold pit (Hort.), an excavation in the earth, lined with masonry or boards, and covered with glass, but not artificially heated, -- used in winter for the storing and protection of half-hardly plants, and sometimes in the spring as a forcing bed. -- Pit coal, coal dug from the earth; mineral coal. -- Pit frame, the framework over the shaft of a coal mine. -- Pit head, the surface of the ground at the mouth of a pit or mine. -- Pit kiln, an oven for coking coal. -- Pit martin (Zool.), the bank swallow. [Prov. Eng.] -- Pit of the stomach (Anat.), the depression on the middle line of the epigastric region of the abdomen at the lower end of the sternum; the infrasternal depression. -- Pit saw (Mech.), a saw worked by two men, one of whom stands on the log and the other beneath it. The place of the latter is often in a pit, whence the name. -- pit stop, See pit stop in the vocabulary. -- Pit viper (Zool.), any viperine snake having a deep pit on each side of the snout. The rattlesnake and copperhead are examples. -- Working pit (Min.), a shaft in which the ore is hoisted and the workmen carried; -- in distinction from a shaft used for the pumps.


word: Pit₂
definition:
Pit

Pit
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pitted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pitting.]
1.
To place or put into a pit or hole.

They lived like beasts, and were pitted like beasts, tumbled into the grave.
T. Grander.

2.
To mark with little hollows, as by various pustules; as, a face pitted by smallpox.

3.
To introduce as an antagonist; to set forward for or in a contest; as, to pit one dog against another.


word: Pita
definition:
Pita

Pi"ta
(?)
n.
[Sp.]
(Bot.)
(a)
A fiber obtained from the Agave Americana and other related species, -- used for making cordage and paper. Called also pita fiber, and pita thread.
(b)
The plant which yields the fiber.


word: Pita₂
definition:
Pita

&VerbarPi"ta (pē"tȧ), Pi"ta bread`
(?)
n.
[Sp.]
A thin flat bread that is formed in two layers, to make a pocket into which other foods may be placed.


word: Pitahaya
definition:
Pitahaya

Pit`a*ha"ya
(?)
n.
[Sp., prob. from the native name.]
(Bot.)
A cactaceous shrub (Cereus Pitajaya) of tropical America, which yields a delicious fruit.


word: Pitapat
definition:
Pitapat

Pit"a*pat`
(?)
adv.
[An onomatopoetic reduplication of pat a light, quick blow.]
In a flutter; with palpitation or quick succession of beats.
Lowell.
pitapat
L'Estrange.


word: Pitch
definition:
Pitch

Pitch
(?)
n.
[OE. pich, AS. pic, L. pix; akin to Gr. _;.]
1.
A thick, black, lustrous, and sticky substance obtained by boiling down tar. It is used in calking the seams of ships; also in coating rope, canvas, wood, ironwork, etc., to preserve them.

He that toucheth pitch shall be defiled therewith.
Ecclus. xiii. 1.

2.
(Geol.)
See Pitchstone.

Amboyna pitch, the resin of Dammara australis. See Kauri. -- Burgundy pitch. See under Burgundy. -- Canada pitch, the resinous exudation of the hemlock tree (Abies Canadensis); hemlock gum. -- Jew's pitch, bitumen. -- Mineral pitch. See Bitumen and Asphalt. -- Pitch coal (Min.), bituminous coal. -- Pitch peat (Min.), a black homogeneous peat, with a waxy luster. -- Pitch pine (Bot.), any one of several species of pine, yielding pitch, esp. the Pinus rigida of North America.


word: Pitch₂
definition:
Pitch

Pitch
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pitched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pitching.]
[See Pitch, n.]
1.
To cover over or smear with pitch.
Gen. vi. 14.

2.
Fig.: To darken; to blacken; to obscure.

The welkin pitched with sullen could.
Addison.


word: Pitch₃
definition:
Pitch

Pitch
(?)
v. t.
[OE. picchen; akin to E. pick, pike.]
1.
To throw, generally with a definite aim or purpose; to cast; to hurl; to toss; as, to pitch quoits; to pitch hay; to pitch a ball.

2.
To thrust or plant in the ground, as stakes or poles; hence, to fix firmly, as by means of poles; to establish; to arrange; as, to pitch a tent; to pitch a camp.

3.
To set, face, or pave with rubble or undressed stones, as an embankment or a roadway.
Knight.

4.
To fix or set the tone of; as, to pitch a tune.

5.
To set or fix, as a price or value.
[Obs.]
Shak.

Pitched battle, a general battle; a battle in which the hostile forces have fixed positions; -- in distinction from a skirmish. -- To pitch into, to attack; to assault; to abuse. [Slang]


word: Pitch₄
definition:
Pitch

Pitch
v. i.
1.
To fix or place a tent or temporary habitation; to encamp.
pitched
Gen. xxxi. 25.

2.
To light; to settle; to come to rest from flight.

The tree whereon they [the bees] pitch.
Mortimer.

3.
To fix one's choise; -- with on or upon.

Pitch upon the best course of life, and custom will render it the more easy.
Tillotson.

4.
To plunge or fall; esp., to fall forward; to decline or slope; as, to pitch from a precipice; the vessel pitches in a heavy sea; the field pitches toward the east.

Pitch and pay, an old aphorism which inculcates ready-money payment, or payment on delivery of goods. Shak.


word: Pitch₅
definition:
Pitch

Pitch
n.
1.
A throw; a toss; a cast, as of something from the hand; as, a good pitch in quoits.

Pitch and toss, a game played by tossing up a coin, and calling “Heads or tails;” hence: To play pitch and toss with (anything), to be careless or trust to luck about it. “To play pitch and toss with the property of the country.” G. Eliot. -- Pitch farthing. See Chuck farthing, under 5th Chuck.

2.
(Cricket)
That point of the ground on which the ball pitches or lights when bowled.

3.
A point or peak; the extreme point or degree of elevation or depression; hence, a limit or bound.

Driven headlong from the pitch of heaven, down
Into this deep.
Milton.

Enterprises of great pitch and moment.
Shak.

To lowest pitch of abject fortune.
Milton.

He lived when learning was at its highest pitch.
Addison.

The exact pitch, or limits, where temperance ends.
Sharp.

4.
Height; stature.
[Obs.]
Hudibras.

5.
A descent; a fall; a thrusting down.

6.
The point where a declivity begins; hence, the declivity itself; a descending slope; the degree or rate of descent or slope; slant; as, a steep pitch in the road; the pitch of a roof.

7.
(Mus.)
The relative acuteness or gravity of a tone, determined by the number of vibrations which produce it; the place of any tone upon a scale of high and low.

&hand_; Musical tones with reference to absolute pitch, are named after the first seven letters of the alphabet; with reference to relative pitch, in a series of tones called the scale, they are called one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight. Eight is also one of a new scale an octave higher, as one is eight of a scale an octave lower.

8.
(Mining)
The limit of ground set to a miner who receives a share of the ore taken out.

9.
(Mech.)
(a)
The distance from center to center of any two adjacent teeth of gearing, measured on the pitch line; -- called also circular pitch.
(b)
The length, measured along the axis, of a complete turn of the thread of a screw, or of the helical lines of the blades of a screw propeller.
(c)
The distance between the centers of holes, as of rivet holes in boiler plates.

10.
(Elec.)
The distance between symmetrically arranged or corresponding parts of an armature, measured along a line, called the pitch line, drawn around its length. Sometimes half of this distance is called the pitch.
Concert pitch (Mus.), the standard of pitch used by orchestras, as in concerts, etc. -- Diametral pitch (Gearing), the distance which bears the same relation to the pitch proper, or circular pitch, that the diameter of a circle bears to its circumference; it is sometimes described by the number expressing the quotient obtained by dividing the number of teeth in a wheel by the diameter of its pitch circle in inches; as, 4 pitch, 8 pitch, etc. -- Pitch chain, a chain, as one made of metallic plates, adapted for working with a sprocket wheel. -- Pitch line, or Pitch circle (Gearing), an ideal line, in a toothed gear or rack, bearing such a relation to a corresponding line in another gear, with which the former works, that the two lines will have a common velocity as in rolling contact; it usually cuts the teeth at about the middle of their height, and, in a circular gear, is a circle concentric with the axis of the gear; the line, or circle, on which the pitch of teeth is measured. -- Pitch of a roof (Arch.), the inclination or slope of the sides expressed by the height in parts of the span; as, one half pitch; whole pitch; or by the height in parts of the half span, especially among engineers; or by degrees, as a pitch of 30°, of 45°, etc.; or by the rise and run, that is, the ratio of the height to the half span; as, a pitch of six rise to ten run. Equilateral pitch is where the two sloping sides with the span form an equilateral triangle. -- Pitch of a plane (Carp.), the slant of the cutting iron. -- Pitch of poles (Elec.), the distance between a pair of poles of opposite sign. -- Pitch pipe, a wind instrument used by choristers in regulating the pitch of a tune. -- Pitch point (Gearing), the point of contact of the pitch lines of two gears, or of a rack and pinion, which work together.


word: Pitchblende
definition:
Pitchblende

Pitch"blende`
(?)
n.
[1st pitch + blende.]
(Min.)
A pitch-black mineral consisting chiefly of the oxide of uranium; uraninite. See Uraninite.


word: Pitcher
definition:
Pitcher

Pitch"er
(?)
n.
1.
One who pitches anything, as hay, quoits, a ball, etc.; specifically (Baseball), the player who delivers the ball to the batsman.

2.
A sort of crowbar for digging.
[Obs.]
Mortimer.


word: Pitcher₂
definition:
Pitcher

Pitch"er
(?)
n.
[OE. picher, OF. pichier, OHG. pehhar, pehhāri; prob. of the same origin as E. beaker.  Cf. Beaker.]
1.
A wide-mouthed, deep vessel for holding liquids, with a spout or protruding lip and a handle; a water jug or jar with a large ear or handle.

2.
(Bot.)
A tubular or cuplike appendage or expansion of the leaves of certain plants.

American pitcher plants, the species of Sarracenia. See Sarracenia. -- Australian pitcher plant, the Cephalotus follicularis, a low saxifragaceous herb having two kinds of radical leaves, some oblanceolate and entire, others transformed into little ovoid pitchers, longitudinally triple-winged and ciliated, the mouth covered with a lid shaped like a cockleshell. -- California pitcher plant, the Darlingtonia California. See Darlingtonia. -- Pitcher plant, any plant with the whole or a part of the leaves transformed into pitchers or cuplike organs, especially the species of Nepenthes. See Nepenthes.


word: Pitch-faced
definition:
Pitch-faced

Pitch"-faced`
(?)
a.
(Stone Cutting)
Having the arris defined by a line beyond which the rock is cut away, so as to give nearly true edges; -- said of squared stones that are otherwise quarry-faced.


word: Pitchfork
definition:
Pitchfork

Pitch"fork`
(?)
n.
A fork, or farming utensil, used in pitching hay, sheaves of grain, or the like.


word: Pitchfork₂
definition:
Pitchfork

Pitch"fork`
v. t.
To pitch or throw with, or as with, a pitchfork.

He has been pitchforked into the footguards.
G. A. Sala.


word: Pitching
definition:
Pitching

Pitch"ing
n.
1.
The act of throwing or casting; a cast; a pitch; as, wild pitching in baseball.

2.
The rough paving of a street to a grade with blocks of stone.
Mayhew.

3.
(Hydraul. Eng.)
A facing of stone laid upon a bank to prevent wear by tides or currents.

Pitching piece (Carp.), the horizontal timber supporting the floor of a platform of a stairway, and against which the stringpieces of the sloping parts are supported.


word: Pitchstone
definition:
Pitchstone

Pitch"stone`
(?)
n.
(Geol.)
An igneous rock of semiglassy nature, having a luster like pitch.


word: Pitchy
definition:
Pitchy

Pitch"y
(?)
a.
[From 1st Pitch.]
1.
Partaking of the qualities of pitch; resembling pitch.

2.
Smeared with pitch.

3.
Black; pitch-dark; dismal.
Pitchy
Shak.


word: Piteous
definition:
Piteous

Pit"e*ous
(?)
a.
[OE. pitous, OF. pitos, F. piteux. See Pity.]
1.
Pious; devout.
[Obs.]

The Lord can deliver piteous men from temptation.
Wyclif.

2.
Evincing pity, compassion, or sympathy; compassionate; tender.
piteous
Pope.

She was so charitable and so pitous.
Chaucer.

3.
Fitted to excite pity or sympathy; wretched; miserable; lamentable; sad; as, a piteous case.
Spenser.

The most piteous tale of Lear.
Shak.

4.
Paltry; mean; pitiful.
Piteous
Milton.


word: Pitfall
definition:
Pitfall

Pit"fall`
(?)
n.
A pit deceitfully covered to entrap wild beasts or men; a trap of any kind.
Sir T. North.


word: Pith
definition:
Pith

Pith
(?)
n.
[AS. pi_;a; akin to D. pit pith, kernel, LG. peddik.  Cf. Pit a kernel.]
1.
(Bot.)
The soft spongy substance in the center of the stems of many plants and trees, especially those of the dicotyledonous or exogenous classes. It consists of cellular tissue.

2.
(a)
(Zool.)
The spongy interior substance of a feather.
(b)
(Anat.)
The spinal cord; the marrow.

3.
Hence: The which contains the strength of life; the vital or essential part; concentrated force; vigor; strength; importance; as, the speech lacked pith.

Enterprises of great pith and moment.
Shak.

Pith paper. Same as Rice paper, under Rice.


word: Pith₂
definition:
Pith

Pith
v. t.
(Physiol.)
To destroy the central nervous system of (an animal, as a frog), as by passing a stout wire or needle up and down the vertebral canal.


word: Pithecanthropus
definition:
Pithecanthropus

Pith`e*can*thro"pus
(pĭth`e̝*kăn*thr&omacr"pŭs)
prop. n.
[NL.; Gr. pi`qhkos ape + 'a`nqrwpos man.]
1.
A hypothetical genus of primates intermediate between man and the anthropoid apes.
Haeckel.

2.
A genus consisting of an extinct primate (Pithecanthropus erectus) apparently intermediate between man and the existing anthropoid apes, known from bones first found in Java (hence called Java man) in 1891-92, and other bones found later.  The species was renamed Homo erectus around 1960.  The Javan bones are believed to be from 1.6 to 1.9 million years old, and include a thigh bone of the human type, two molar teeth intermediate between those of man and the anthropoids, and the calvaria of the skull, indicating a brain capacity of about 900 cubic centimeters, and resembling in form that of the Neanderthal man.  Additional specimens of what are considerd as variants of the species have been found in China, Africa, and Europe.   Homo erectus is currently believed to have evolved in Africa from Homo habilis, the first member of the genus Homo.  Anatomically and physiologically, Homo erectus resembles contemporary humans except for having a stouter bone structure.
Also [pl. -thropi (_;)], an animal of this genus.
Pith`e*can"thrope (#), n. -- Pith`e*can"thro*poid (#), a.


word: Pitheci
definition:
Pitheci

Pi*the"ci
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. pi`qhkos an ape.]
(Zool.)
A division of mammals including the apes and monkeys.  Sometimes used in the sense of Primates.


word: Pithecoid
definition:
Pithecoid

Pith"e*coid
(?)
a.
[Gr. _; an ape + -oid.]
(Zool.)
1.
Of or pertaining to the genus Pithecia, or subfamily Pithecinæ, which includes the saki, ouakari, and other allied South American monkeys.

2.
Of or pertaining to the anthropoid apes in particular, or to the higher apes of the Old World, collectively.


word: Pithy
definition:
Pithy

Pith"y
(?)
a.
[Compar. Pithier (?); superl. Pithiest.]
1.
Consisting wholly, or in part, of pith; abounding in pith; as, a pithy stem; a pithy fruit.

2.
Having nervous energy; forceful; cogent.

This pithy speech prevailed, and all agreed.
Dryden.

In all these Goodman Fact was very short, but pithy.
Addison.

Pithy gall (Zool.), a large, rough, furrowed, oblong gall, formed on blackberry canes by a small gallfly (Diastrophus nebulosus).


word: Pitiable
definition:
Pitiable

Pit"i*a*ble
(?)
a.
[Cf. OF. pitiable, F. pitoyable.]
Deserving pity; wworthy of, or exciting, compassion; miserable; lamentable; piteous; as, pitiable persons; a pitiable condition; pitiable wretchedness.


word: Pitiful
definition:
Pitiful

Pit"i*ful
(?)
a.
1.
Full of pity; tender-hearted; compassionate; kind; merciful; sympathetic.

The Lord is very pitiful, and of tender mercy.
James v. 11.

2.
Piteous; lamentable; eliciting compassion.

A thing, indeed, very pitiful and horrible.
Spenser.

3.
To be pitied for littleness or meanness; miserable; paltry; contemptible; despicable.

That's villainous, and shows a most pitiful ambition in the fool that uses it.
Shak.


word: Pitiless
definition:
Pitiless

Pit"i*less
a.
1.
Destitute of pity; hard-hearted; merciless; as, a pitilessmaster; pitiless elements.

2.
Exciting no pity; as, a pitiless condition.


word: Pitman
definition:
Pitman

Pit"man
(?)
n.
pl. Pitmen (_;).
1.
One who works in a pit, as in mining, in sawing timber, etc.

2.
(Mach.)
The connecting rod in a sawmill; also, sometimes, a connecting rod in other machinery.


word: piton
definition:
piton

pi"ton
(pē"t&obreve_;n)
n.
(Mountain Climbing)
A metal spike having a sharpened point on one end, and a hole through which a rope can be passed on the other; it is driven into the face of a rock cliff during climbing, and used as an anchor point for a rope.


word: Pitot's tube
definition:
Pitot's tube

Pi*tot's" tube`
(?)
(Hydraul.)
A bent tube used to determine the velocity of running water, by placing the curved end under water, and observing the height to which the fluid rises in the tube; a kind of current meter.


word: Pitpan
definition:
Pitpan

Pit"pan`
(?)
n.
A long, flat-bottomed canoe, used for the navigation of rivers and lagoons in Central America.
Squier.


word: the pits
definition:
the pits

pits

pits, the pits
n.
The worst possible situation, person, or thing; something extremely bad, boring, or depressing; -- always used with the; as, cleaning the house is the pits.
[Slang]


word: pitsaw
definition:
pitsaw

pit"saw
n.
A large two-handed saw formerly used to cut logs into planks; one man stood above the log and the other in a pit below.


word: pit stop
definition:
pit stop

pit" stop`
(pĭt" st&obreve_;p`)
n.
1.
(Auto Racing)
A stop by one of the competing cars in a pit by the side of the racetrack, to take on gasoline, change tires, or perform other maintenance.

2.
Hence:
Any pause in a journey, to eat or drink, or to use a rest room.

3.
A place where one may make a pit stop[1 or 2].


word: Pitta
definition:
Pitta

Pit"ta
(pĭt"tȧ)
n.
(Zool.)
Any one of a large group of bright-colored clamatorial birds belonging to Pitta, and allied genera of the family Pittidæ. Most of the species are varied with three or more colors, such as blue, green, crimson, yellow, purple, and black. They are called also ground thrushes, and Old World ant thrushes; but they are not related to the true thrushes.

&hand_; The pittas are most abundant in the East Indies, but some inhabit Southern Asia, Africa, and Australia. They live mostly upon the ground, and feed upon insects of various kinds.


word: Pittacal
definition:
Pittacal

Pit"ta*cal
(pĭt"tȧ*kăl)
n.
[Gr. pi`tta, pi`ssa, pitch + kalo`s beautiful: cf. F. pittacale.]
(Chem.)
A dark blue substance obtained from wood tar. It consists of hydrocarbons which when oxidized form the orange-yellow eupittonic compounds, the salts of which are dark blue.


word: Pittance
definition:
Pittance

Pit"tance
(pĭt"tans)
n.
[OE. pitance, pitaunce, F. pitance; cf. It. pietanza, LL. pitancia, pittantia, pictantia; perh. fr. L. pietas pity, piety, or perhaps akin to E. petty.  Cf. Petty, and Pity.]
1.
An allowance of food bestowed in charity; a mess of victuals; hence, a small charity gift; a dole.
pitaunce
Chaucer.

One half only of this pittance was ever given him in money.
Macaulay.

2.
A meager portion, quantity, or allowance; an inconsiderable salary or compensation.
pittance
Swift.

The inconsiderable pittance of faithful professors.
Fuller.


word: Pitted
definition:
Pitted

Pit"ted
(pĭt"tĕd)
a.
1.
Marked with little pits, as in smallpox. See Pit, v. t., 2.

2.
(Bot.)
Having minute thin spots; as, pitted ducts in the vascular parts of vegetable tissue.


word: Pitter
definition:
Pitter

Pit"ter
(?)
n.
A contrivance for removing the pits from peaches, plums, and other stone fruit.


word: Pitter₂
definition:
Pitter

Pit"ter
v. i.
To make a pattering sound; to murmur; as, pittering streams.
[Obs.]
R. Greene.


word: Pitter-patter
definition:
Pitter-patter

Pit"ter-pat`ter
(?)
n.
A sound like that of alternating light beats. Also, a pattering of words.


word: Pitter-patter₂
definition:
Pitter-patter

Pit"ter-pat`ter
adv.
With, or with the sound of, alternating light beats; as, his heart went pitter-patter.


word: Pituitary
definition:
Pituitary

Pi*tu"i*ta*ry
(?)
a.
[L. pituita phlegm, pituite: cf. F. pituitarie.]
(Anat.)
(a)
Secreting mucus or phlegm; as, the pituitary membrane, or the mucous membrane which lines the nasal cavities.
(b)
Of or pertaining to the pituitary body; as, the pituitary fossa.

Pituitary body or Pituitary gland (Anat.), a a small, somewhat cherry-shaped endocrine gland, situated in the pituitary fossa, and suspended from the base of the hypothalamus; the hypophysis; -- called also glandula pituitaria, and basilaris.  It secretes th pituitary hormones: oxytocin; vasopresin; antidiuretic hormone; luteinizing hormone; somatotropins; prolactin; thyroid stimulating hormone; gonadotropins; adrenal corticotropin and other peptide hormones. It affects all hormonal functions, and is thus called the “master gland”. -- Pituitary fossa (Anat.), the ephippium.


word: Pituite
definition:
Pituite

Pit"u*ite
(?)
n.
[L. pituita: cf. F. pituite.  Cf. Pip a disease of fowls.]
Mucus, phlegm.


word: Pituitous
definition:
Pituitous

Pi*tu"i*tous
(?)
a.
[L. pituitosus: cf. F. pituiteux.]
Consisting of, or resembling, pituite or mucus; full of mucus; discharging mucus.

Pituitous fever (Med.), typhoid fever; enteric fever.


word: Pity
definition:
Pity

Pit"y
(?)
n.
pl. Pities (#).
[OE. pite, OF. pité, pitié, F. pitié, L. pietas piety, kindness, pity. See Pious, and cf. Piety.]
1.
Piety.
[Obs.]
Wyclif.

2.
A feeling for the sufferings or distresses of another or others; sympathy with the grief or misery of another; compassion; fellow-feeling; commiseration.

He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the Lord.
Prov. xix. 17.

He . . . has no more pity in him than a dog.
Shak.

3.
A reason or cause of pity, grief, or regret; a thing to be regretted.
pity
Shak.

What pity is it
That we can die but once to serve our country!
Addison.

&hand_; In this sense, sometimes used in the plural, especially in the colloquialism: “It is a thousand pities.”


word: Pity₂
definition:
Pity

Pit"y
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Pitied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pitying.]
1.
To feel pity or compassion for; to have sympathy with; to compassionate; to commiserate; to have tender feelings toward (any one), awakened by a knowledge of suffering.

Like as a father pitieth his children, so the Lord pitieth them that fear him.
Ps. ciii. 13.

2.
To move to pity; -- used impersonally.
[Obs.]

It pitieth them to see her in the dust.
Bk. of Com. Prayer.


word: Pity₃
definition:
Pity

Pit"y
v. i.
To be compassionate; to show pity.

I will not pity, nor spare, nor have mercy.
Jer. xiii. 14.


word: Pityriasis
definition:
Pityriasis

Pit`y*ri"a*sis
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Gr. _;, fr. _;, lit., bran.]
1.
(Med.)
A superficial affection of the skin, characterized by irregular patches of thin scales which are shed in branlike particles.

2.
(Veter.)
A disease of domestic animals characterized by dry epithelial scales, and due to digestive disturbances and alteration of the function of the sebaceous glands.

&VerbarPityriasis versicolor [NL.] (Med.), a parasitic disease of the skin, characterized by the development of reddish or brownish patches.


word: Piu
definition:
Piu

Pi"ù
(?)
adv.
[It., fr. L. plus. See Plus.]
(Mus.)
A little more; as, più allegro, a little more briskly.


word: Pivot
definition:
Pivot

Piv"ot
(?)
n.
[F.; prob. akin to It. piva pipe, F. pipe. See Pipe.]
1.
A fixed pin or short axis, on the end of which a wheel or other body turns.

2.
The end of a shaft or arbor which rests and turns in a support; as, the pivot of an arbor in a watch.

3.
Hence, figuratively: A turning point or condition; that on which important results depend; as, the pivot of an enterprise.

4.
(Mil.)
The officer or soldier who simply turns in his place whike the company or line moves around him in wheeling; -- called also pivot man.

Pivot bridge, a form of drawbridge in which one span, called the pivot span, turns about a central vertical axis. -- Pivot gun, a gun mounted on a pivot or revolving carriage, so as to turn in any direction. -- Pivot tooth (Dentistry), an artificial crown attached to the root of a natural tooth by a pin or peg.


word: Pivotal
definition:
Pivotal

Piv"ot*al
(?)
a.
Of or pertaining to a pivot or turning point; belonging to, or constituting, a pivot; of the nature of a pivot; as, the pivotalopportunity of a career; the pivotal position in a battle.


word: Pixie
definition:
Pixie

Pixy

{ Pix"y, Pix"ie  }
(?)
n.
pl. Pixies (#).
[For Pucksy, from Puck.]
1.
An old English name for a fairy; an elf.
[Written also picksy.]

2.
(Bot.)
A low creeping evergreen plant (Pyxidanthera barbulata), with mosslike leaves and little white blossoms, found in New Jersey and southward, where it flowers in earliest spring.

Pixy ring, a fairy ring or circle. [Prov. Eng.] -- Pixy stool (Bot.), a toadstool or mushroom. [Prov. Eng.]


word: Pizzicato
definition:
Pizzicato

Piz`zi*ca"to
(?)
[It., pinched.]
(Mus.)
A direction to violinists to pluck the string with the finger, instead of using the bow. (Abrev. pizz.)


word: Pizzle
definition:
Pizzle

Piz"zle
(?)
n.
[Cf. Prov. G. pissel, pesel, peisel, peserich, D. pees a tendon or spring.]
The penis; -- so called in some animals, as the bull.
Shak.


word: Placability
definition:
Placability

Pla`ca*bil"i*ty
(?)
n.
[L. placabilitas: cf. F. placabilité.]
The quality or state of being placable or appeasable; placable disposition.


word: Placable
definition:
Placable

Pla"ca*ble
(?)
a.
[L. placabilis, fr. placare to quiet, pacify: cf. F. placable. See Placate.]
Capable of being appeased or pacified; ready or willing to be pacified; willing to forgive or condone.

Methought I saw him placable and mild.
Milton.


word: Placard
definition:
Placard

Pla*card"
(?)
n.
[F., fr. plaquer to lay or clap on, plaque plate, tablet; probably from Dutch, cf. D. plakken to paste, post up, plak a flat piece of wood.]
1.
A public proclamation; a manifesto or edict issued by authority.
[Obs.]

All placards or edicts are published in his name.
Howell.

2.
Permission given by authority; a license; as, to give a placard to do something.
[Obs.]
ller.

3.
A written or printed paper, as an advertisement or a declaration, posted, or to be posted, in a public place; a poster.

4.
(Anc. Armor)
An extra plate on the lower part of the breastplate or backplate.
Planché.

5.
[Cf. Placket.]
A kind of stomacher, often adorned with jewels, worn in the fifteenth century and later.


word: Placard₂
definition:
Placard

Pla*card"
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Placarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Placarding.]
1.
To post placards upon or within; as, to placard a wall, to placard the city.

2.
To announce by placards; as, to placard a sale.


word: Placate₂
definition:
Placate

Pla"cate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Placated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Placating.]
[L. placatus, p. p. of placare to placate, akin to placere to please. See Please.]
To appease; to pacify; to concilate.
placated
Cudworth.


word: Place
definition:
Place

Place
(plās)
n.
[F., fr. L. platea a street, an area, a courtyard, from Gr. platei^a a street, properly fem. of platy`s, flat, broad; akin to Skr. p&rsdot_;thu, Lith. platus.  Cf. Flawn, Piazza, Plate, Plaza.]
1.
Any portion of space regarded as measured off or distinct from all other space, or appropriated to some definite object or use; position; ground; site; spot; rarely, unbounded space.

Here is the place appointed.
Shak.

What place can be for us
Within heaven's bound?
Milton.

The word place has sometimes a more confused sense, and stands for that space which any body takes up; and so the universe is a place.
Locke.

2.
A broad way in a city; an open space; an area; a court or short part of a street open only at one end.
place
Shak.

3.
A position which is occupied and held; a dwelling; a mansion; a village, town, or city; a fortified town or post; a stronghold; a region or country.

Are you native of this place?
Shak.

4.
Rank; degree; grade; order of priority, advancement, dignity, or importance; especially, social rank or position; condition; also, official station; occupation; calling.
place
Hawthorne.

Men in great place are thrice servants.
Bacon.

I know my place as I would they should do theirs.
Shak.

5.
Vacated or relinquished space; room; stead (the departure or removal of another being or thing being implied).
place
Shak.

6.
A definite position or passage of a document.

The place of the scripture which he read was this.
Acts viii. 32.

7.
Ordinal relation; position in the order of proceeding; as, he said in the first place.

8.
Reception; effect; -- implying the making room for.

My word hath no place in you.
John viii. 37.

9.
(Astron.)
Position in the heavens, as of a heavenly body; -- usually defined by its right ascension and declination, or by its latitude and longitude.

10.
(Racing)
The position of first, second, or third at the finish, esp. the second position. In betting, to win a bet on a horse for place it must, in the United States, finish first or second, in England, usually, first, second, or third.

Place of arms (Mil.), a place calculated for the rendezvous of men in arms, etc., as a fort which affords a safe retreat for hospitals, magazines, etc. Wilhelm. -- High place (Script.), a mount on which sacrifices were offered. “Him that offereth in the high place.” Jer. xlviii. 35. -- In place, in proper position; timely. -- Out of place, inappropriate; ill-timed; as, his remarks were out of place. -- Place kick (Football), the act of kicking the ball after it has been placed on the ground. -- Place name, the name of a place or locality. London Academy. -- To give place, to make room; to yield; to give way; to give advantage. “Neither give place to the devil.” Eph. iv. 27. “Let all the rest give place.” Shak. -- To have place, to have a station, room, or seat; as, such desires can have no place in a good heart. -- To take place. (a) To come to pass; to occur; as, the ceremony will not take place. (b) To take precedence or priority. Addison. (c) To take effect; to prevail. “If your doctrine takes place.” Berkeley. “But none of these excuses would take place.” Spenser. -- To take the place of, to be substituted for.


word: Place₂
definition:
Place

Place
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Placed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Placing (?).]
[Cf. F. placer. See Place, n.]
1.
To assign a place to; to put in a particular spot or place, or in a certain relative position; to direct to a particular place; to fix; to settle; to locate; as, to place a book on a shelf; to place balls in tennis.

Syn. -- Put.

Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown.
Shak.

2.
To put or set in a particular rank, office, or position; to surround with particular circumstances or relations in life; to appoint to certain station or condition of life; as, in whatever sphere one is placed.

Place such over them to be rulers.
Ex. xviii. 21.

3.
To put out at interest; to invest; to loan; as, to place money in a bank.

4.
To set; to fix; to repose; as, to place confidence in a friend.
placed
Shak.

5.
To attribute; to ascribe; to set down.

Place it for her chief virtue.
Shak.

6.
(Racing)
To determine or announce the place of at the finish. Usually, in horse racing only the first three horses are placed officially.

7.
(Rugby Football)
To place-kick ( a goal).

8.
to recognize or identify (a person).
[Colloq. U.S.]


word: Placebo
definition:
Placebo

Pla*ce"bo
(?)
n.
[L., I shall please, fut. of placere to please.]
1.
(R. C. Ch.)
The first antiphon of the vespers for the dead.

2.
(Med.)
A prescription with no pharmacological activity given to a patient to humor or satisfy the desire for medical treatment.

3.
(Med.)
a dose of a compound having no pharmacological activity given to a subject in a medical experiment as part of a control experiment in a test of the effectiveness of another, active pharmacological agent.

To sing placebo, to agree with one in his opinion; to be complaisant to. Chaucer.


word: Placebo effect
definition:
Placebo effect

Pla*ce"bo ef*fect`
(?)
n.
(Med.)
a reaction by a patient who receives a placebo{2}, in which the symptoms of illness are lessened or an anticipated effect is experienced.  Because the placebo{2} itself has no pharmacological activity, this reaction is mediated by the expectations of the patient receiving the placebo{2}; the reaction is considered as an example of the power of suggestion.
Dramatic subjective effects such as relief of discomfort or pain are sometimes observed due to administration of a placebo, but in some cases measurable physiological effects may also be observed.


word: Place-kick
definition:
Place-kick

Place"-kick`
v. t. & i.
To make a place kick; to make (a goal) by a place kick.
Place"-kick`er, n.


word: Placeman
definition:
Placeman

Place"man
(?)
n.
pl. Placemen (_;).
One who holds or occupies a place; one who has office under government.
Sir W. Scott.


word: Placement
definition:
Placement

Place"ment
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. placement.]
1.
The act of placing, or the state of being placed.

2.
Position; place.


word: Placenta
definition:
Placenta

Pla*cen"ta
(?)
n.
pl. L. Placentæ (#), E. Placentas (#).
[L., a cake, Gr. _; a flat cake, from _; flat, fr. _;, _;, anything flat and broad.]
1.
(Anat.)
The vascular appendage which connects the fetus with the parent, and is cast off in parturition with the afterbirth.

&hand_; In most mammals the placenta is principally developed from the allantois and chorion, and tufts of vascular villi on its surface penetrate the blood vessels of the parental uterus, and thus establish a nutritive and excretory connection between the blood of the fetus and that of the parent, though the blood itself does not flow from one to the other.

2.
(Bot.)
The part of a pistil or fruit to which the ovules or seeds are attached.


word: Placental
definition:
Placental

Pla*cen"tal
(?)
a.
1.
Of or pertaining to the placenta; having, or characterized by having, a placenta; as, a placental mammal.

2.
(Zool.)
Of or pertaining to the Placentalia.


word: Placentalia
definition:
Placentalia

Plac`en*ta"li*a
(?)
n. pl.
[NL.]
(Zool.)
A division of Mammalia including those that have a placenta, or all the orders above the marsupials.


word: Placentary
definition:
Placentary

Pla*cen"ta*ry
(?)
a.
Having reference to the placenta; as, the placentary system of classification.


word: Placentation
definition:
Placentation

Plac`en*ta"tion
(?)
n.
1.
(Anat.)
The mode of formation of the placenta in different animals; as, the placentation of mammals.

2.
(Bot.)
The mode in which the placenta is arranged or composed; as, axile placentation; parietal placentation.


word: Placentiferous
definition:
Placentiferous

Plac`en*tif"er*ous
(?)
a.
[Placenta + -ferous.]
(Bot. & Zool.)
Having or producing a placenta.


word: Placentiform
definition:
Placentiform

Pla*cen"ti*form
(?)
a.
[Placenta + -form.]
(Bot.)
Having the shape of a placenta, or circular thickened disk somewhat thinner about the middle.


word: Placer₂
definition:
Placer

Plac"er
(?)
n.
[Sp.]
A deposit of earth, sand, or gravel, containing valuable mineral in particles, especially by the side of a river, or in the bed of a mountain torrent.
[U.S.]


word: Placet
definition:
Placet

Pla"cet
(?)
n.
[L. placet it pleases.]
1.
A vote of assent, as of the governing body of a university, of an ecclesiastical council, etc.

2.
The assent of the civil power to the promulgation of an ecclesiastical ordinance.
Shipley.

The king . . . annulled the royal placet.
J. P. Peters.


word: Placid
definition:
Placid

Plac"id
(?)
a.
[L. placidus, originally, pleasing, mild, from placere to please: cf. F. placide. See Please.]
Pleased; contented; unruffied; undisturbed; serene; peaceful; tranquil; quiet; gentle.
placid
Milton.
placid
Macaulay.


word: Placidity
definition:
Placidity

Pla*cid"i*ty
(?)
n.
[L. placiditas: cf. F. placidité.]
The quality or state of being placid; calmness; serenity.
Hawthorne.


word: Placit
definition:
Placit

Plac"it
(?)
n.
[L. placitum. See Plea.]
A decree or determination; a dictum.
[Obs.]
placits
Evelyn.


word: Placitory
definition:
Placitory

Plac"i*to*ry
(?)
a.
[See Placit.]
Of or pertaining to pleas or pleading, in courts of law.
[Obs.]
Clayton.


word: Placitum
definition:
Placitum

Plac"i*tum
(?)
n.
pl. Placita (#).
[LL. See Placit.]
1.
A public court or assembly in the Middle Ages, over which the sovereign president when a consultation was held upon affairs of state.
Brande & C.

2.
(Old Eng. Law)
A court, or cause in court.

3.
(Law)
A plea; a pleading; a judicial proceeding; a suit.
Burrill.


word: Plack
definition:
Plack

Plack
(?)
n.
[F. plaque a plate of metal.  Cf. Plaque.]
A small copper coin formerly current in Scotland, worth less than a cent.

With not a plack in the pocket of the poet.
Prof. Wilson.


word: Placket
definition:
Placket

Plack"et
(?)
n.
[F. plaquer to lay or clap on. See Placard.]
1.
A petticoat, esp. an under petticoat; hence, a cant term for a woman.
[Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.

2.
The opening or slit left in a petticoat or skirt for convenience in putting it on; -- called also placket hole.

3.
A woman's pocket.


word: Placoderm
definition:
Placoderm

Plac"o*derm
(?)
n.
[Gr. pla`x, plako`s, tablet + de`rma skin.]
(Paleon.)
One of the Placodermi.


word: Placodermal
definition:
Placodermal

Plac`o*der"mal
(?)
a.
(Paleon.)
Of or pertaining to the placoderms; like the placoderms.


word: Placodermi
definition:
Placodermi

Plac`o*der"mi
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. pla`x, plako`s, a tablet + de`rma skin.]
(Paleon.)
An extinct group of fishes, supposed to be ganoids. The body and head were covered with large bony plates. See Illust. under Pterichthys, and Coccosteus.


word: Placoganoidei
definition:
Placoganoidei

Plac`o*ga*noi"de*i
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. pla`x, plako`s, a tablet + NL. ganoidei. See Ganoidei.]
(Zool.)
A division of ganoid fishes including those that have large external bony plates and a cartilaginous skeleton.


word: Placoid
definition:
Placoid

Plac"oid
(?)
a.
[Gr. pla`x, plako`s, a tablet + -oid.]
(Zool.)
Platelike; having irregular, platelike, bony scales, often bearing spines; pertaining to the placoids.


word: Placoid₂
definition:
Placoid

Plac"oid
n.
(Zool.)
(a)
Any fish having placoid scales, as the sharks.
(b)
One of the Placoides.


word: Placoides
definition:
Placoides

Pla*coi"des
(?)
n. pl.
[NL.]
(Zool.)
A group of fishes including the sharks and rays; the Elasmobranchii; -- called also Placoidei.


word: Placophora
definition:
Placophora

Pla*coph"o*ra
(plȧ*k&obreve_;f"o̝*rȧ)
n. pl.
[NL., from Gr. pla`x, plako`s, tablet + fe`rein to bear.]
(Zool.)
A division of gastropod Mollusca, including the chitons.  The back is covered by eight shelly plates.  Called also Polyplacophora. See Illust. under Chiton, and Isopleura.


word: Plaga
definition:
Plaga

Pla"ga
(plā"gȧ)
n.
pl. Plagæ (plā"je̝).
[L. plāga a blow, a welt, a stripe.]
(Zool.)
A stripe of color.


word: Plagal
definition:
Plagal

Pla"gal
(plā"gal)
a.
[F., from Gr. pla`gios sidewise, slanting.]
(Mus.)
Having a scale running from the dominant to its octave; -- said of certain old church modes or tunes, as opposed to those called authentic, which ran from the tonic to its octave.

Plagal cadence, a cadence in which the final chord on the tonic is preceded by the chord on the subdominant.


word: Plagiarism
definition:
Plagiarism

Pla"gia*rism
(plā"jȧ*rĭz'm or plā"jĭ*ȧ*rĭz'm; 277)
n.
[Cf. F. plagiarisme.]
1.
The act or practice of plagiarizing.

2.
That which is plagiarized; a work which has been plagiarized.


word: Plagiarist
definition:
Plagiarist

Pla"gia*rist
(?)
n.
One who plagiarizes, or purloins the words, writings, or ideas of another, and passes them off as his own; a literary thief; a plagiary.


word: Plagiarize
definition:
Plagiarize

Pla"gia*rize
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Plagiarized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Plagiarizing.]
To steal or purloin from the writings of another; to appropriate without due acknowledgement (the ideas or expressions of another).


word: Plagiary₂
definition:
Plagiary

Pla"gia*ry
(?)
n.
pl. Plagiaries (#).
[L. plagiarius a kidnaper, a literary thief, fr. plagium kidnaping; cf. plaga a net, perh. akin to E. plait: cf. F. plagiaire.]
1.
A manstealer; a kidnaper.
[Obs.]

2.
One who purloins another's expressions or ideas, and offers them as his own; a plagiarist.
Dryden.

3.
Plagiarism; literary theft.
Milton.


word: Plagihedral
definition:
Plagihedral

Pla`gi*he"dral
(?)
a.
[Gr. pla`gios oblique + _; base, seat.]
(Crystallog.)
Having an oblique spiral arrangement of planes, as levogyrate and dextrogyrate crystals.


word: Plagiocephalic
definition:
Plagiocephalic

Pla`gi*o*ce*phal"ic
(?)
a.
[Gr. pla`gios oblique + _; the head.]
(Anat.)
Having an oblique lateral deformity of the skull.


word: Plagioclase
definition:
Plagioclase

Pla"gi*o*clase
(?)
n.
[Gr. pla`gios oblique + kla^n to break.]
(Min.)
A general term used of any triclinic feldspar. See the Note under Feldspar.


word: Plagionite
definition:
Plagionite

Pla"gi*o*nite
(?)
n.
[Gr. pla`gios oblique. So called in allusion to its usually oblique crystallization.]
(Min.)
A sulphide of lead and antimony, of a blackish lead-gray color and metallic luster.


word: Plagiostomi
definition:
Plagiostomi

Pla`gi*os"to*mi
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., from Gr. pla`gios slanting + _;, _;, mouth.]
(Zool.)
An order of fishes including the sharks and rays; -- called also Plagiostomata.


word: Plagiotremata
definition:
Plagiotremata

Pla`gi*o*trem"a*ta
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. pla`gios slanting + _;, _;, a hole.]
(Zool.)
Same as Lepidosauria.


word: Plagiotropic
definition:
Plagiotropic

Pla`gi*o*trop"ic
(?)
a.
[Gr. pla`gios aslant + _; to turn.]
(Bot.)
Having the longer axis inclined away from the vertical line.


word: Plague
definition:
Plague

Plague
(?)
n.
[L. plaga a blow, stroke, plague; akin to Gr. _;, fr. _; to strike; cf. L. plangere to strike, beat.  Cf. Plaint.]
1.
That which smites, wounds, or troubles; a blow; a calamity; any afflictive evil or torment; a great trail or vexation.
Shak.

And men blasphemed God for the plague of hail.
Wyclif.

The different plague of each calamity.
Shak.

2.
(Med.)
An acute malignant contagious fever, that often prevails in Egypt, Syria, and Turkey, and has at times visited the large cities of Europe with frightful mortality; hence, any pestilence; as, the great London plague.
plague
Tennyson.

Cattle plague. See Rinderpest. -- Plague mark, Plague spot, a spot or mark of the plague; hence, a token of something incurable.


word: Plague₂
definition:
Plague

Plague
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Plagued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Plaguing.]
1.
To infest or afflict with disease, calamity, or natural evil of any kind.

Thus were they plagued
And worn with famine.
Milton.

2.
Fig.: To vex; to tease; to harass.

She will plague the man that loves her most.
Spenser.


word: Plagueful
definition:
Plagueful

Plague"ful
(?)
a.
Abounding, or infecting, with plagues; pestilential; as, plagueful exhalations.


word: Plaguily
definition:
Plaguily

Pla"gui*ly
(?)
adv.
In a plaguing manner; vexatiously; extremely.
[Colloq.]
plaguily
Landor.


word: Plaguy
definition:
Plaguy

Pla"guy
(?)
a.
Vexatious; troublesome; tormenting; as, a plaguy horse. [Colloq.] Also used adverbially; as, “He is so plaguy proud.”
Shak.


word: Plaice
definition:
Plaice

Plaice
(?)
n.
[F. plaise, plais, prob. fr. L. platessa flatish, plaice. See Place.]
(Zool.)
(a)
A European food fish (Pleuronectes platessa), allied to the flounder, and growing to the weight of eight or ten pounds or more.
(b)
A large American flounder (Paralichthys dentatus; called also brail, puckermouth, and summer flounder. The name is sometimes applied to other allied species.
[Written also plaise.]

Plaice mouth, a mouth like that of a plaice; a small or wry mouth. [R.] B. Jonson.


word: Plaid
definition:
Plaid

Plaid
(?)
n.
[Gael. plaide a blanket or plaid, contr. fr. peallaid a sheepskin, fr. peall a skin or hide. CF. Pillion.]
1.
A rectangular garment or piece of cloth, usually made of the checkered material called tartan, but sometimes of plain gray, or gray with black stripes. It is worn by both sexes in Scotland.

2.
Goods of any quality or material of the pattern of a plaid or tartan; a checkered cloth or pattern.


word: Plaid₂
definition:
Plaid

Plaid
a.
Having a pattern or colors which resemble a Scotch plaid; checkered or marked with bars or stripes at right angles to one another; as, plaid muslin.


word: Plaided
definition:
Plaided

Plaid"ed
a.
1.
Of the material of which plaids are made; tartan.
plaided
Wordsworth.

2.
Wearing a plaid.
Campbell.


word: Plain
definition:
Plain

Plain
(?)
v. i.
[OE. playne, pleyne, fr. F. plaindre. See Plaint.]
To lament; to bewail; to complain.
[Archaic & Poetic]
Milton.

We with piteous heart unto you pleyne.
Chaucer.


word: Plain₂
definition:
Plain

Plain
v. t.
To lament; to mourn over; as, to plain a loss.
[Archaic & Poetic]
Sir J. Harrington.


word: Plain₃
definition:
Plain

Plain
a.
[Compar. Plainer (?); superl. Plainest.]
[F., level, flat, fr. L. planus, perhaps akin to E. floor.  Cf. Llano, Piano, Plan, Plane level, a level surface.]
1.
Without elevations or depressions; flat; level; smooth; even. See Plane.

The crooked shall be made straight, and the rough places plain.
Isa. xl. 4.

2.
Open; clear; unencumbered; equal; fair.

Our troops beat an army in plain fight.
Felton.

3.
Not intricate or difficult; evident; manifest; obvious; clear; unmistakable.
plain
Shak.

4.
(a)
Void of extraneous beauty or ornament; without conspicious embellishment; not rich; simple.
(b)
Not highly cultivated; unsophisticated; free from show or pretension; simple; natural; homely; common.
Plain
Hammond.
plain
A. Lincoln.
(c)
Free from affectation or disguise; candid; sincere; artless; honest; frank.
plain
Shak.
(d)
Not luxurious; not highly seasoned; simple; as, plain food.
(e)
Without beauty; not handsome; homely; as, a plain woman.
(f)
Not variegated, dyed, or figured; as, plain muslin.
(g)
Not much varied by modulations; as, a plain tune.

Plain battle, open battle; pitched battle. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Plain chant (Mus.) Same as Plain song, below. -- Plain chart (Naut.), a chart laid down on Mercator's projection. -- Plain dealer. (a) One who practices plain dealing. (b) A simpleton. [Obs.] Shak. -- Plain dealing. See under Dealing. -- Plain molding (Join.), molding of which the surfaces are plain figures. -- Plain sewing, sewing of seams by simple and common stitches, in distinct from fancy work, embroidery, etc.; -- distinguished also from designing and fitting garments. -- Plain song. (a) The Gregorian chant, or canto fermo; the prescribed melody of the Roman Catholic service, sung in unison, in tones of equal length, and rarely extending beyond the compass of an octave. (b) A simple melody. -- Plain speaking, plainness or bluntness of speech.


word: Plain₅
definition:
Plain

Plain
n.
[Cf. OF. plaigne, F. plaine. See Plain, a.]
1.
Level land; usually, an open field or a broad stretch of land with an even surface, or a surface little varied by inequalities; as, the plain of Jordan; the American plains, or prairies.

Descending fro the mountain into playn.
Chaucer.

Him the Ammonite
Worshiped in Rabba and her watery plain.
Milton.

2.
A field of battle.
[Obs.]
Arbuthnot.

Lead forth my soldiers to the plain.
Shak.


word: Plain₆
definition:
Plain

Plain
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Plained (_;); p. pr. & vb. n. Plaining.]
[Cf. Plane, v.]
1.
To plane or level; to make plain or even on the surface.
[R.]

We would rake Europe rather, plain the East.
Wither.

2.
To make plain or manifest; to explain.

What's dumb in show, I'll plain in speech.
Shak.


word: Plain-dealing
definition:
Plain-dealing

Plain"-deal`ing
(?)
a.
Practicing plain dealing; artless. See Plain dealing, under Dealing.
Shak.


word: Plain-laid
definition:
Plain-laid

Plain"-laid`
(?)
a.
(Naut.)
Consisting of strands twisted together in the ordinary way; as, a plain-laid rope. See Illust. of Cordage.


word: Plain-spoken
definition:
Plain-spoken

Plain"-spo`ken
(?)
a.
Speaking with plain, unreserved sincerity; also, spoken sincerely; as, plain-spoken words.
Dryden.


word: plains wanderer
definition:
plains wanderer

plains wanderer
n.
A bird of the genus Pedionomus (Pedionomus torquatus) of New South Wales, the only species in the genus.  Pedionomus is the only genus of the family Pedionomidae of the order Passeriformes and the plains wanderer is thus the only species in the family.  The total world population (ca. 2000) is estimated to be 5 to 10 thousand.
See also  http://www.philipmaher.com/plains.htm.

Syn. -- plain wanderer.


word: Plaint
definition:
Plaint

Plaint
(?)
n.
[OE. plainte, pleynte, F. plainte, fr. L. plangere, planctum (plancta, fem. p. p.), to beat, beat the breast, lament.  Cf. Complain, Plague, Plangent.]
1.
Audible expression of sorrow; lamentation; complaint; hence, a mournful song; a lament.
Chaucer.
plaint
Wordsworth.

2.
An accusation or protest on account of an injury.

There are three just grounds of war with Spain: one of plaint, two upon defense.
Bacon.

3.
(Law)
A private memorial tendered to a court, in which a person sets forth his cause of action; the exhibiting of an action in writing.
Blackstone.


word: Plaintful
definition:
Plaintful

Plaint"ful
(?)
a.
Containing a plaint; complaining; expressing sorrow with an audible voice.
plaintful
Sir P. Sidney.


word: Plaintiff
definition:
Plaintiff

Plain"tiff
(?)
n.
[F. plaintif making complaint, plaintive; in Old French equiv. to plaignant complainant, prosecutor, fr. plaindre. See Plaint, and cf. Plaintive.]
(Law)
One who commences a personal action or suit to obtain a remedy for an injury to his rights; -- opposed to defendant.


word: Plaintive
definition:
Plaintive

Plain"tive
(?)
a.
[F. plaintif. See Plaintiff, n.]
1.
Repining; complaining; lamenting.
Dryden.

2.
Expressive of sorrow or melancholy; mournful; sad.
plaintive
Landor.


word: Plait
definition:
Plait

Plait
(?)
n.
[OE. playte, OF. pleit, L. plicatum, plicitum, p. p. of plicare to fold, akin to plectere to plait. See Ply, and cf. Plat to weave, Pleat, Plight fold.]
1.
A flat fold; a doubling, as of cloth; a pleat; as, a box plait.

The plaits and foldings of the drapery.
Addison.

2.
A braid, as of hair or straw; a plat.

Polish plait. (Med.) Same as Plica.


word: Plait₂
definition:
Plait

Plait
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Plaited; p. pr. & vb. n. Plaiting.]
1.
To fold; to double in narrow folds; to pleat; as, to plait a ruffle.

2.
To interweave the strands or locks of; to braid; to plat; as, to plait hair; to plait rope.


word: Plaited
definition:
Plaited

Plait"ed
a.
Folded; doubled over; braided; figuratively, involved; intricate; artful.

Time shall unfold what plaited cunning hides.
Shak.


word: Plan
definition:
Plan

Plan
(?)
n.
[F., fr. L. planus flat, level. See Plain, a.]
1.
A draught or form; properly, a representation drawn on a plane, as a map or a chart; especially, a top view, as of a machine, or the representation or delineation of a horizontal section of anything, as of a building; a graphic representation; a diagram.

2.
A scheme devised; a method of action or procedure expressed or described in language; a project; as, the plan of a constitution; the plan of an expedition.

God's plans like lines pure and white unfold.
M. R. Smith.

3.
A method; a way of procedure; a custom.

The simple plan,
That they should take who have the power,
And they should keep who can.
Wordsworth.

Body plan, Floor plan, etc. See under Body, Floor, etc.


word: Plan₂
definition:
Plan

Plan
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Planned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Planning.]
1.
To form a delineation of; to draught; to represent, as by a diagram.

2.
To scheme; to devise; to contrive; to form in design; as, to plan the conquest of a country.

Even in penance, planning sins anew.
Goldsmith.


word: Planaria
definition:
Planaria

Pla*na"ri*a
(?)
n.
pl. L. Planariæ (#), E. -rias (#).
[NL. See Planary.]
(Zool.)
Any species of turbellarian worms belonging to Planaria, and many allied genera. The body is usually flat, thin, and smooth. Some species, in warm countries, are terrestrial.


word: Planarian
definition:
Planarian

Pla*na"ri*an
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
One of the Planarida, or Dendrocœla; any turbellarian worm.
Pla*na"ri*an, a.


word: Planch₂
definition:
Planch

Planch
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Planched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Planching.]
[F. planche a board, plank. See Plank.]
To make or cover with planks or boards; to plank.
[Obs.]
planched
Shak.


word: Plancher
definition:
Plancher

Planch"er
(?)
n.
[F., planche. See Planch.]
1.
A floor of wood; also, a plank.
[Obs.]
Bacon.

2.
(Arch.)
The under side of a cornice; a soffit.


word: Planchet
definition:
Planchet

Planch"et
(?)
n.
[F. planchette a small board, dim. of planche. See Planch.]
A flat piece of metal; especially, a disk of metal ready to be stamped as a coin.


word: Planchette
definition:
Planchette

Plan`chette"
(?)
n.
[F. See Planchet.]
1.
A circumferentor. See Circumferentor.

2.
A small tablet of wood supported on casters and having a pencil attached. The characters produced by the pencil on paper, while the hand rests on the instrument and it is allowed to move, are sometimes translated as of oracular or supernatural import.


word: Planching
definition:
Planching

Planch"ing
(?)
n.
The laying of floors in a building; also, a floor of boards or planks.


word: Plane
definition:
Plane

Plane
(?)
n.
[F., fr. L. platanus, Gr. _;, fr. _; broad; -- so called on account of its broad leaves and spreading form. See Place, and cf. Platane, Plantain the tree.]
(Bot.)
Any tree of the genus Platanus.

&hand_; The Oriental plane (Platanus orientalis) is a native of Asia. It rises with a straight, smooth, branching stem to a great height, with palmated leaves, and long pendulous peduncles, sustaining several heads of small close-sitting flowers. The seeds are downy, and collected into round, rough, hard balls. The Occidental plane (Platanus occidentalis), which grows to a great height, is a native of North America, where it is popularly called sycamore, buttonwood, and buttonball, names also applied to the California species (Platanus racemosa).


word: Plane₂
definition:
Plane

Plane
(?)
a.
[L. planus: cf. F. plan. See Plan, a.]
Without elevations or depressions; even; level; flat; lying in, or constituting, a plane; as, a plane surface.

&hand_; In science, this word (instead of plain) is almost exclusively used to designate a flat or level surface.

Plane angle, the angle included between two straight lines in a plane. -- Plane chart, Plane curve. See under Chart and Curve. -- Plane figure, a figure all points of which lie in the same plane. If bounded by straight lines it is a rectilinear plane figure, if by curved lines it is a curvilinear plane figure. -- Plane geometry, that part of geometry which treats of the relations and properties of plane figures. -- Plane problem, a problem which can be solved geometrically by the aid of the right line and circle only. -- Plane sailing (Naut.), the method of computing a ship's place and course on the supposition that the earth's surface is a plane. -- Plane scale (Naut.), a scale for the use of navigators, on which are graduated chords, sines, tangents, secants, rhumbs, geographical miles, etc. -- Plane surveying, surveying in which the curvature of the earth is disregarded; ordinary field and topographical surveying of tracts of moderate extent. -- Plane table, an instrument used for plotting the lines of a survey on paper in the field. -- Plane trigonometry, the branch of trigonometry in which its principles are applied to plane triangles.


word: Plane₃
definition:
Plane

Plane
n.
[F. plane, L. plana. See Plane, v. & a.]
1.
(Geom.)
A surface, real or imaginary, in which, if any two points are taken, the straight line which joins them lies wholly in that surface; or a surface, any section of which by a like surface is a straight line; a surface without curvature.

2.
(Astron.)
An ideal surface, conceived as coinciding with, or containing, some designated astronomical line, circle, or other curve; as, the plane of an orbit; the plane of the ecliptic, or of the equator.

3.
(Mech.)
A block or plate having a perfectly flat surface, used as a standard of flatness; a surface plate.

4.
(Joinery)
A tool for smoothing boards or other surfaces of wood, for forming moldings, etc. It consists of a smooth-soled stock, usually of wood, from the under side or face of which projects slightly the steel cutting edge of a chisel, called the iron, which inclines backward, with an apperture in front for the escape of shavings; as, the jack plane; the smoothing plane; the molding plane, etc.

Objective plane (Surv.), the horizontal plane upon which the object which is to be delineated, or whose place is to be determined, is supposed to stand. -- Perspective plane. See Perspective. -- Plane at infinity (Geom.), a plane in which points infinitely distant are conceived as situated. -- Plane iron, the cutting chisel of a joiner's plane. -- Plane of polarization. (Opt.) See Polarization. -- Plane of projection. (a) The plane on which the projection is made, corresponding to the perspective plane in perspective; -- called also principal plane. (b) (Descriptive Geom.) One of the planes to which points are referred for the purpose of determining their relative position in space. -- Plane of refraction or Plane of reflection (Opt.), the plane in which lie both the incident ray and the refracted or reflected ray.


word: Plane₄
definition:
Plane

Plane
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Planed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Planing.]
[Cf. F. planer, L. planare, fr. planus. See Plane, a., Plain, a., and cf. Planish.]
1.
To make smooth; to level; to pare off the inequalities of the surface of, as of a board or other piece of wood, by the use of a plane; as, to plane a plank.

2.
To efface or remove.

He planed away the names . . . written on his tables.
Chaucer.

3.
Figuratively, to make plain or smooth.
[R.]

What student came but that you planed her path.
Tennyson.


word: Plane₅
definition:
Plane

Plane
v. i.
Of a boat, to lift more or less out of the water while in motion, after the manner of a hydroplane; to hydroplane.


word: Plane-parallel
definition:
Plane-parallel

Plane`-par"al*lel
(?)
a.
(Optics)
Having opposite surfaces exactly plane and parallel, as a piece of glass.


word: Planer
definition:
Planer

Plan"er
(?)
n.
1.
One who, or that which, planes; a planing machine; esp., a machine for planing wood or metals.

2.
(Print.)
A wooden block used for forcing down the type in a form, and making the surface even.
Hansard.

Planer centers. See under Center.


word: Planer tree
definition:
Planer tree

Plan"er tree`
(?)
[From J. S. Planer, a German botanist.]
(Bot.)
A small-leaved North American tree (Planera aquatica) related to the elm, but having a wingless, nutlike fruit.


word: Planet
definition:
Planet

Plan"et
(?)
n.
[OE. planete, F. planète, L. planeta, fr. Gr. _;, and _; a planet; prop. wandering, fr. _; to wander, fr. _; a wandering.]
1.
(Astron.)
A celestial body which revolves about the sun in an orbit of a moderate degree of eccentricity. It is distinguished from a comet by the absence of a coma, and by having a less eccentric orbit. See Solar system.

&hand_; The term planet was first used to distinguish those stars which have an apparent motion through the constellations from the fixed stars, which retain their relative places unchanged. The inferior planets are Mercury and Venus, which are nearer to the sun than is the earth; the superior planets are Mars, the asteroids, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, which are farther from the sun than is the earth. Primary planets are those which revolve about the sun; secondary planets, or moons, are those which revolve around the primary planets as satellites, and at the same time revolve with them about the sun.

2.
A star, as influencing the fate of a men.

There's some ill planet reigns.
Shak.

Planet gear. (Mach.) See Epicyclic train, under Epicyclic. -- Planet wheel, a gear wheel which revolves around the wheel with which it meshes, in an epicyclic train.


word: Planetarium
definition:
Planetarium

Plan`e*ta"ri*um
(?)
n.
[NL.: cf. F. planétaire. See Planetary.]
An orrery. See Orrery.


word: Planetary
definition:
Planetary

Plan"et*a*ry
(?)
a.
[Cf. L. planetarius an astrologer, F. planétaire planetary. See Planet.]
1.
Of or pertaining to the planets; as, planetary inhabitants; planetary motions; planetary year.

2.
Consisting of planets; as, a planetary system.

3.
(Astrol.)
Under the dominion or influence of a planet.
planetary
Drayton.

4.
Caused by planets.
planetary
Shak.

5.
Having the nature of a planet; erratic; revolving; wandering.
planetary
Fuller.

Planetary days, the days of the week as shared among the planets known to the ancients, each having its day. Hutton. -- Planetary nebula, a nebula exhibiting a uniform disk, like that of a planet.


word: Planetical
definition:
Planetical

Planetic

{ Pla*net"ic (?), Pla*net"ic*al (?), }
a.
[L. planeticus, Gr. _;.]
Of or pertaining to planets.
Sir T. Browne.


word: Planet-struck
definition:
Planet-struck

Planet-stricken

{ Plan"et-strick`en (?), Plan"et-struck` (?), }
a.
Affected by the influence of planets; blasted.
Milton.

Like planet-stricken men of yore
He trembles, smitten to the core
By strong compunction and remorse.
Wordsworth.


word: Plangent
definition:
Plangent

Plan"gent
(?)
a.
[L. plangens, -entis, fr. plangere to beat. See Plaint.]
Beating; dashing, as a wave.
[R.]
plangent
H. Taylor.


word: Plano-
definition:
Plano-

Plani-

{ Plan"i- (?), Plan"o- (?) }
[L. planus. See Plane, a.]
Combining forms signifying flat, level, plane; as planifolious, planimetry, plano-concave.


word: Planiform
definition:
Planiform

Plan"i*form
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Having a plane surface; as, a planiform, gliding, or arthrodial articulation.


word: Planimeter
definition:
Planimeter

Pla*nim"e*ter
(?)
n.
[Plani- + -meter.  Cf. Planometer.]
An instrument for measuring the area of any plane figure, however irregular, by passing a tracer around the bounding line; a platometer.


word: Planimetrical
definition:
Planimetrical

Planimetric

{ Plan`i*met"ric (?; 277), Plan`i*met"ric*al (?), }
a.
[Cf. F. planimétrique.]
Of or pertaining to planimetry.


word: Planimetry
definition:
Planimetry

Pla*nim"e*try
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. planimétrie.]
The mensuration of plane surfaces; -- distinguished from stereometry, or the mensuration of volumes.


word: Planing
definition:
Planing

Plan"ing
(?)
a. & vb. n. fr. Plane, v. t.

Planing machine. (a) See Planer. (b) A complex machine for planing wood, especially boards, containing usually a rapidly revolving cutter, which chips off the surface in small shavings as the piece to be planed is passed under it by feeding apparatus.


word: Planipennia
definition:
Planipennia

Pla`ni*pen"ni*a
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., fr. L. planus plane + penna wing.]
(Zool.)
A suborder of Neuroptera, including those that have broad, flat wings, as the ant-lion, lacewing, etc. Called also Planipennes.


word: Planish
definition:
Planish

Plan"ish
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Planished (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Planishing.]
[OF. planir, F. planer. See Plane, v., and -ish.]
To make smooth or plane, as a metallic surface; to condense, toughen, and polish by light blows with a hammer.


word: Planishing
definition:
Planishing

Plan"ish*ing
a. & vb. n. from Planish, v. t.

Planishing rolls (Coining), rolls between which metal strips are passed while cold, to bring them to exactly the required thickness.


word: Planisphere
definition:
Planisphere

Plan"i*sphere
(?)
n.
[Plani- + sphere: cf. F. planisphère. See Plain, and Sphere.]
The representation of the circles of the sphere upon a plane; especially, a representation of the celestial sphere upon a plane with adjustable circles, or other appendages, for showing the position of the heavens, the time of rising and setting of stars, etc., for any given date or hour.


word: Plank
definition:
Plank

Plank
(?)
n.
[OE. planke, OF. planque, planche, F. planche, fr. L. planca; cf. Gr. _;, _;, anything flat and broad.  Cf. Planch.]
1.
A broad piece of sawed timber, differing from a board only in being thicker. See Board.

2.
Fig.: That which supports or upholds, as a board does a swimmer.

His charity is a better plank than the faith of an intolerant and bitter-minded bigot.
Southey.

3.
One of the separate articles in a declaration of the principles of a party or cause; as, a plank in the national platform.
[Cant]

Plank road, or Plank way, a road surface formed of planks. [U.S.] -- To walk the plank, to walk along a plank laid across the bulwark of a ship, until one overbalances it and falls into the sea; -- a method of disposing of captives practiced by pirates.


word: Plank₂
definition:
Plank

Plank
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Planked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Planking.]
1.
To cover or lay with planks; as, to plank a floor or a ship.
Planked
Dryden.

2.
To lay down, as on a plank or table; to stake or pay cash; as, to plank money in a wager.
[Colloq. U.S.]

3.
To harden, as hat bodies, by felting.

4.
(Wooden Manuf.)
To splice together the ends of slivers of wool, for subsequent drawing.

Planked shad, shad split open, fastened to a plank, and roasted before a wood fire.


