# dictionary

word: Subject₃
definition:
Subject

Sub*ject"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subjected (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subjecting.]
1.
To bring under control, power, or dominion; to make subject; to subordinate; to subdue.

Firmness of mind that subjects every gratification of sense to the rule of right reason.
C. Middleton.

In one short view subjected to our eye,
Gods, emperors, heroes, sages, beauties, lie.
Pope.

He is the most subjected, the most _;nslaved, who is so in his understanding.
Locke.

2.
To expose; to make obnoxious or liable; as, credulity subjects a person to impositions.

3.
To submit; to make accountable.

God is not bound to subject his ways of operation to the scrutiny of our thoughts.
Locke.

4.
To make subservient.

Subjected to his service angel wings.
Milton.

5.
To cause to undergo; as, to subject a substance to a white heat; to subject a person to a rigid test.


word: Subjected
definition:
Subjected

Sub*ject"ed
(?)
a.
1.
Subjacent.
subjected
[Obs.]
Milton.

2.
Reduced to subjection; brought under the dominion of another.

3.
Exposed; liable; subject; obnoxious.


word: Subjection
definition:
Subjection

Sub*jec"tion
(?)
n.
[L. subjectio: cf. OF. subjection, F. subjétion. See Subject, a.]
1.
The act of subjecting, or of bringing under the dominion of another; the act of subduing.

The conquest of the kingdom, and subjection of the rebels.
Sir M. Hale.

2.
The state of being subject, or under the power, control, and government of another; a state of obedience or submissiveness; as, the safety of life, liberty, and property depends on our subjection to the laws.
subjection
Chaucer.

Likewise, ye wives, be in subjection to your own husbands.
1 Peter iii. 1.

Because the subjection of the body to the will is by natural necessity, the subjection of the will unto God voluntary, we stand in need of direction after what sort our wills and desires may be rightly conformed to His.
Hooker.


word: Subjective
definition:
Subjective

Sub*jec"tive
(?)
a.
[L. subjectivus: cf. F. subjectif.]
1.
Of or pertaining to a subject.

2.
Especially, pertaining to, or derived from, one's own consciousness, in distinction from external observation; ralating to the mind, or intellectual world, in distinction from the outward or material excessively occupied with, or brooding over, one's own internal states.

&hand_; In the philosophy of the mind, subjective denotes what is to be referred to the thinking subject, the ego; objective, what belongs to the object of thought, the non-ego. See Objective, a., 2.
Sir W. Hamilton.

3.
(Lit. & Art)
Modified by, or making prominent, the individuality of a writer or an artist; as, a subjective drama or painting; a subjective writer.

Subjective sensation (Physiol.), one of the sensations occurring when stimuli due to internal causes excite the nervous apparatus of the sense organs, as when a person imagines he sees figures which have no objective reality.


word: Subjectivism
definition:
Subjectivism

Sub*jec"tiv*ism
(?)
n.
(Metaph.)
Any philosophical doctrine which refers all knowledge to, and founds it upon, any subjective states; egoism.


word: Subjectivity
definition:
Subjectivity

Sub`jec*tiv"i*ty
(?)
n.
The quality or state of being subjective; character of the subject.


word: Subject-matter
definition:
Subject-matter

Sub"ject-mat`ter
(?)
n.
The matter or thought presented for consideration in some statement or discussion; that which is made the object of thought or study.

As to the subject-matter, words are always to be understood as having a regard thereto.
Blackstone.

As science makes progress in any subject-matter, poetry recedes from it.
J. H. Newman.


word: Subjoin
definition:
Subjoin

Sub*join"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subjoined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subjoining.]
[Cf. OF. subjoindre, L. subjungere. See Sub-, and Join, and cf. Subjective.]
To add after something else has been said or written; to ANNEX; as, to subjoin an argument or reason.


word: Sub judice
definition:
Sub judice

Sub ju"di*ce
(?)
[L.]
Before the judge, or court; not yet decided; under judicial consideration.


word: Subjugate
definition:
Subjugate

Sub"ju*gate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subjugated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subjugating.]
[L. subjugatus, p. p. of subjugare to subjugate; sub under + jugum a yoke. See Yoke.]
To subdue, and bring under the yoke of power or dominion; to conquer by force, and compel to submit to the government or absolute control of another; to vanquish.

He subjugated a king, and called him his “vassal.”
Baker.


word: Subjugation
definition:
Subjugation

Sub`ju*ga"tion
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. subjugation, LL. subjugatio.]
The act of subjugating, or the state of being subjugated.


word: Subjunction
definition:
Subjunction

Sub*junc"tion
(?)
n.
[See Subjunctive.]
1.
Act of subjoining, or state of being subjoined.

2.
Something subjoined; as, a subjunction to a sentence.


word: Subjunctive
definition:
Subjunctive

Sub*junc"tive
(?)
a.
[L. subjunctivus, fr. subjungere, subjunctum, to subjoin: cf. F. subjonctif. See Subjoin.]
Subjoined or added to something before said or written.

Subjunctive mood (Gram.), that form of a verb which express the action or state not as a fact, but only as a conception of the mind still contingent and dependent. It is commonly subjoined, or added as subordinate, to some other verb, and in English is often connected with it by if, that, though, lest, unless, except, until, etc., as in the following sentence: “If there were no honey, they [bees] would have no object in visiting the flower.” Lubbock. In some languages, as in Latin and Greek, the subjunctive is often independent of any other verb, being used in wishes, commands, exhortations, etc.


word: Subkingdom
definition:
Subkingdom

Sub*king"dom
(?)
n.
One of the several primary divisions of either the animal, or vegetable kingdom, as, in Zoology, the Vertebrata, Tunicata, Mollusca, Articulata, Molluscoidea, Echinodermata, Coelentera, and the Protozoa; in botany, the Phanerogamia, and the Cryptogamia.


word: Sublapsarian
definition:
Sublapsarian

Sub`lap*sa"ri*an
(?)
n. & a.
[Pref. sub + lapse: cf. F. sublapsarien, sublapsarie.]
(Eccl. Hist.)
Same as Infralapsarian.


word: Sublate
definition:
Sublate

Sub"late
(?)
v. t.
[From sublatus, used as p. p. of tollere to take away. See Tolerate.]
To take or carry away; to remove.
[R.]
E. Hall.


word: Sublation
definition:
Sublation

Sub*la"tion
(?)
n.
[L. sublatio, fr. sublatus, used as p. p. of tollere to take away.]
The act of taking or carrying away; removal.
[R.]
Bp. Hall.


word: Sublease
definition:
Sublease

Sub"lease`
(?)
n.
(Law)
A lease by a tenant or lessee to another person; an underlease.
Bouvier.


word: Sublet
definition:
Sublet

Sub*let"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sublet; p. pr. & vb. n. Subletting.]
To underlet; to lease, as when a lessee leases to another person.


word: Sublevation
definition:
Sublevation

Sub`le*va"tion
(?)
n.
[L. sublevare to lift up; sub under + levare to lift, raise: cf. L. sublevatio an allevation.]
1.
The act of raising on high; elevation.
Sir T. More.

2.
An uprising; an insurrection.
[R.]
Sir W. Temple.


word: Sublieutenant
definition:
Sublieutenant

Sub`lieu*ten"ant
(?)
n.
[Pref. sub + lieutenant: cf. F. sous-lieutenant.]
An inferior or second lieutenant; in the British service, a commissioned officer of the lowest rank.


word: Subligation
definition:
Subligation

Sub`li*ga"tion
(?)
n.
[L. subligatio, from subligare to bind below; sub under + ligare to bind.]
The act of binding underneath.
[R.]


word: Sublimable
definition:
Sublimable

Sub*lim"a*ble
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. sublimable. See Sublime., v. t.]
Capable of being sublimed or sublimated.
Sub*lim"a*ble*ness, n.
Boyle.


word: Sublimate
definition:
Sublimate

Sub"li*mate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sublimated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sublimating.]
[L. sublimatus, p. p. of sublimare to raise, elevate, fr. sublimis high: cf. F. sublimer. See Sublime, a., and cf. Surlime, v. t.]
1.
To bring by heat into the state of vapor, which, on cooling, returns again to the solid state; as, to sublimate sulphur or camphor.

2.
To refine and exalt; to heighten; to elevate.

The precepts of Christianity are . . . so apt to cleanse and sublimate the more gross and corrupt.
Dr. H. More.

3.
(Psychology)
To redirect the energy (of sexual or other biological drives) into a more socially acceptable or constructive form.


word: Sublimate₂
definition:
Sublimate

Sub"li*mate
(?)
n.
[LL. sublimatum.]
(Chem.)
A product obtained by sublimation; hence, also, a purified product so obtained.

Corrosive sublimate. (Chem.) mercuric chloride.  See Corrosive sublimate under Corrosive.


word: Sublimate₃
definition:
Sublimate

Sub"li*mate
a.
[LL. sublimatus.]
Brought into a state of vapor by heat, and again condensed as a solid.


word: Sublimated
definition:
Sublimated

Sub"li*ma`ted
(?)
a.
Refined by, or as by, sublimation; exalted; purified.

[Words] whose weight best suits a sublimated strain.
Dryden.


word: Sublimation
definition:
Sublimation

Sub"li*ma`tion
(?)
n.
[LL. sublimatio: cf. F. sublimation.]
1.
(Chem.)
The act or process of subliming, or the state or result of being sublimed.

2.
The act of heightening or improving; exaltation; elevation; purification.

3.
That which is sublimed; the product of a purifying process.

Religion is the perfection, refinement, and sublimation of morality.
South.


word: Sublimatory₂
definition:
Sublimatory

Sub"li*ma*to*ry
n.
A vessel used for sublimation.

Vials, crosslets, and sublimatories.
Chaucer.


word: Sublime
definition:
Sublime

Sub*lime"
(?)
a.
[Compar. Sublimer (?); superl. Sublimest.]
[L. sublimis; sub under + (perhaps) a word akin to limen lintel, sill, thus meaning, up to the lintel: cf. F. sublime.  Cf. Eliminate.]
1.
Lifted up; high in place; exalted aloft; uplifted; lofty.

Sublime on these a tower of steel is reared.
Dryden.

2.
Distinguished by lofty or noble traits; eminent; -- said of persons.
sublime
De Quincey.

3.
Awakening or expressing the emotion of awe, adoration, veneration, heroic resolve, etc.; dignified; grand; solemn; stately; -- said of an impressive object in nature, of an action, of a discourse, of a work of art, of a spectacle, etc.; as, sublime scenery; a sublime deed.

Easy in words thy style, in sense sublime.
Prior.

Know how sublime a thing it is
To suffer and be strong.
Longfellow.

4.
Elevated by joy; elate.
[Poetic]

Their hearts were jocund and sublime,
Drunk with idolatry, drunk with wine.
Milton.

5.
Lofty of mien; haughty; proud.
[Poetic]
sublime
Spenser.

His fair, large front and eye sublime declared
Absolute rule.
Milton.


word: Sublime₂
definition:
Sublime

Sub*lime"
n.
That which is sublime; -- with the definite article
(a)
A grand or lofty style in speaking or writing; a style that expresses lofty conceptions.

The sublime rises from the nobleness of thoughts, the magnificence of words, or the harmonious and lively turn of the phrase.
Addison.


word: Sublime₃
definition:
Sublime

Sub*lime"
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sublimed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subliming.]
[Cf. L. sublimare, F. sublimer to subject to sublimation. See Sublime, a., and cf. Sublimate, v. t.]
1.
To raise on high.
[Archaic]

A soul sublimed by an idea above the region of vanity and conceit.
E. P. Whipple.

2.
(Chem.)
To subject to the process of sublimation; to heat, volatilize, and condense in crystals or powder; to distill off, and condense in solid form; hence, also, to purify.

3.
To exalt; to heighten; to improve; to purify.

The sun . . . 
Which not alone the southern wit sublimes,
But ripens spirits in cold, northern climes.
Pope.

4.
To dignify; to ennoble.

An ordinary gift can not sublime a person to a supernatural employment.
Jer. Taylor.


word: Sublime₄
definition:
Sublime

Sub*lime"
(?)
v. i.
(Chem.)
To pass off in vapor, with immediate condensation; specifically, to evaporate or volatilize from the solid state without apparent melting; -- said of those substances, like arsenic, benzoic acid, etc., which do not exhibit a liquid form on heating, except under increased pressure.


word: Sublimed
definition:
Sublimed

Sub*limed"
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Having been subjected to the process of sublimation; hence, also, purified.
Sublimed
Chaucer.


word: Sublimification
definition:
Sublimification

Sub*lim`i*fi*ca"tion
(?)
n.
[L. sublimis sublime + -ficare to make. See -ry.]
The act of making sublime, or state of being made sublime.


word: Subliminal
definition:
Subliminal

Sub*lim"i*nal
(?)
a.
[Pref. sub- + L. limen threshold.]
1.
(Philos.)
Existing in the mind, but below the surface or threshold of consciousness; that is, existing as feeling rather than as clear ideas.

2.
having or using an intensity of sensory stimulus insufficient to be perceived consciously, but having an effect on unconscious mental processes; as, subliminal advertising.
The existence of such an effect is still not universally accepted.


word: Sublimity
definition:
Sublimity

Sub*lim"i*ty
(?)
n.
pl. Sublimities (#).
[L. sublimitas: cf. F. sublimité.]
1.
The quality or state of being sublime (in any sense of the adjective).

2.
That which is sublime; as, the sublimities of nature.


word: Sublineation
definition:
Sublineation

Sub*lin`e*a"tion
(?)
n.
A mark of a line or lines under a word in a sentence, or under another line; underlining.


word: Sublingua
definition:
Sublingua

Sub*lin"gua
(?)
n.
pl. Sublinguae (#).
[NL.]
(Anat.)
A process or fold below the tongue in some animals.


word: Sublingual
definition:
Sublingual

Sub*lin"gual
(?)
a.
[Pref. sub + lingual: cf. F. sublingual.]
(Anat.)
(a)
Situated under the tongue; as, the sublingual gland.
(b)
Of or pertaining to the sublingual gland; as, sublingual salvia.


word: Sublition
definition:
Sublition

Sub*li"tion
(?)
n.
[L. sublinere, sublitum, to smear, to lay on as a ground color.]
(Paint.)
The act or process of laying the ground in a painting.
[R.]


word: Sublobular
definition:
Sublobular

Sub*lob"u*lar
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated under, or at the bases of, the lobules of the liver.


word: Sublumbar
definition:
Sublumbar

Sub*lum"bar
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the lumbar region of the vertebral column.


word: Sublunary
definition:
Sublunary

Sublunar

{ Sub*lu"nar (?), Sub"lu*na*ry (?), }
a.
[Pref. sub + lunar, or lunary: cf. F. sublunaire.]
Situated beneath the moon; hence, of or pertaining to this world; terrestrial; earthly.

All things sublunary are subject to change.
Dryden.

All sublunary comforts imitate the changeableness, as well as feel the influence, of the planet they are under.
South.


word: Subluxation
definition:
Subluxation

Sub`lux*a"tion
(?)
n.
[Pref. sub + luxation: cf. F. subluxation.]
(Surg.)
An incomplete or partial dislocation.


word: Submarine
definition:
Submarine

Sub`ma*rine"
(?)
a.
Being, acting, or growing, under water in the sea; as, submarine navigators; submarine plants.

Submarine armor, a waterproof dress of strong material, having a helmet into which air for breathing is pumped through a tube leading from above the surface to enable a diver to remain under water. -- Submarine cable. See Telegraph cable, under Telegraph. -- Submarine mine. See Torpedo, 2 (a).


word: Submarine₃
definition:
Submarine

Sub`ma*rine"
(?)
n.
1.
A submarine boat; a ship that can travel under the surface of the water.  Most such ships are ships of war, as part of a navy, but submarines are also used for oceanic research.  Also called sub and (from the German U-Boot) U-boat.
esp.,
Nav.
a submarine torpedo boat; -- called specif. submergible submarine when capable of operating at various depths and of traveling considerable distances under water, and submersible submarine when capable of being only partly submerged, i.e., so that the conning tower, etc., is still above water. The latter type and most of the former type are submerged as desired by regulating the amount of water admitted to the ballast tanks and sink on an even keel; some of the former type effect submersion while under way by means of horizontal rudders, in some cases also with admission of water to the ballast tanks.

2.
A stowaway on a seagoing vessel.
[Colloq.]

3.
A submarine sandwich.


word: submarine sandwich
definition:
submarine sandwich

sub`ma*rine" sand"wich
(?)
n.
A large sandwich on an elongated roll, usually incompletely cut into two halves, filed with various cold cuts, meatballs, lettuce, cheese, tomatoes, olives, etc., and spiced variously, and often having oil or other dressing applied; called also hoagie, hero, hero sandwich, grinder, sub, submarine, poor boy, and Italian sandwich.  A single such sandwich may consitute a substantial meal.  Very large variants are sometimes prepared for social gatherings and cut into pieces for individual consumption.


word: Submaxillary
definition:
Submaxillary

Sub*max"il*la*ry
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
(a)
Situated under the maxilla, or lower jaw; inframaxillary; as, the submaxillary gland.
(b)
Of or pertaining to submaxillary gland; as, submaxillary salvia.


word: Submedian
definition:
Submedian

Sub*me"di*an
(?)
a.
(Zool.)
Next to the median (on either side); as, the submedian teeth of mollusks.


word: Submediant
definition:
Submediant

Sub*me"di*ant
(?)
n.
(Mus.)
The sixth tone of the scale; the under mediant, or third below the keynote; the superdominant.


word: Submentum
definition:
Submentum

Sub*men"tum
(?)
n.
pl. Submenta (#).
[NL. See Sub-, and Mentum.]
(Zool.)
The basal part of the labium of insects. It bears the mentum.


word: Submerge
definition:
Submerge

Sub*merge"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Submerged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Submerging (?).]
[L. submergere, submersum; sub under + mergere to plunge: cf. F. submerger. See Merge.]
1.
To put under water; to plunge.

2.
To cover or overflow with water; to inundate; to flood; to drown.

I would thou didst,
So half my Egypt were submerged.
Shak.


word: Submerge₂
definition:
Submerge

Sub*merge"
(?)
v. i.
To plunge into water or other fluid; to be buried or covered, as by a fluid; to be merged; hence, to be completely included.

Some say swallows submerge in ponds.
Gent. Mag.


word: Submergence
definition:
Submergence

Sub*mer"gence
(?)
n.
[From L. submergens, p. pr.]
The act of submerging, or the state of being submerged; submersion.


word: Submersed
definition:
Submersed

Sub*mersed"
(?)
a.
[L. submersus, p. p. of submergere. See Submerge.]
Being or growing under water, as the leaves of aquatic plants.


word: Submersion
definition:
Submersion

Sub*mer"sion
(?)
n.
[L. submersio: cf. F. submersion.]
1.
The act of submerging, or putting under water or other fluid, or of causing to be overflowed; the act of plunging under water, or of drowning.

2.
The state of being put under water or other fluid, or of being overflowed or drowned.


word: Subminister
definition:
Subminister

Sub*min"is*ter
(?)
v. t.
[L. subministrare, subministratum. See Sub-, and Ministre, v. t.]
To supply; to afford.
[Obs.]
Sir M. Hale.


word: Subministrant
definition:
Subministrant

Sub*min"is*trant
(?)
a.
[L. subministrans, p. pr.]
Subordinate; subservient.
[Obs.]
Bacon.


word: Subministrate
definition:
Subministrate

Sub*min"is*trate
(?)
v. t.
[See Subminister.]
To supply; to afford; to subminister.
[Obs.]
Harvey.


word: Subministration
definition:
Subministration

Sub*min`is*tra"tion
(?)
n.
[L. subministratio.]
The act of subministering.
[Obs.]
Sir H. Wotton.


word: Submiss
definition:
Submiss

Sub*miss"
(?)
a.
[L. submissus, p. p. of submittere to let down, to lower. See Submit.]
1.
Submissive; humble; obsequious.
[Archaic]
submiss
Spenser.
submiss
R. L. Stevenson.

2.
Gentle; soft; calm; as, submiss voices.
[R.]


word: Submission
definition:
Submission

Sub*mis"sion
(?)
n.
[L. submissio a letting down, lowering: cf. F. soumission.]
1.
The act of submitting; the act of yielding to power or authority; surrender of the person and power to the control or government of another; obedience; compliance.

Submission, dauphin! 't is a mere French word;
We English warrious wot not what it means.
Shak.

2.
The state of being submissive; acknowledgement of inferiority or dependence; humble or suppliant behavior; meekness; resignation.

In all submission and humility
York doth present himself unto your highness.
Shak.

No duty in religion is more justly required by God . . . than a perfect submission to his will in all things.
Sir W. Temple.

3.
Acknowledgement of a fault; confession of error.

Be not as extreme in submission
As in offense.
Shak.

4.
(Law)
An agreement by which parties engage to submit any matter of controversy between them to the decision of arbitrators.
Wharton (Law Dict.). Bouvier.


word: Submissive
definition:
Submissive

Sub*mis"sive
(?)
a.
1.
Inclined or ready to submit; acknowledging one's inferiority; yielding; obedient; humble.

Not at his feet submissive in distress,
Creature so fair his reconcilement seeking.
Milton.

2.
Showing a readiness to submit; expressing submission; as, a submissive demeanor.

With a submissive step I hasted down.
Prior.


word: Submit
definition:
Submit

Sub*mit"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Submitted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Submitting.]
[L. submittere; sub under + mittere to send: cf. F. soumettre. See Missile.]
1.
To let down; to lower.
[Obs.]

Sometimes the hill submits itself a while.
Dryden.

2.
To put or place under.

The bristled throat
Of the submitted sacrifice with ruthless steel he cut.
Chapman.

3.
To yield, resign, or surrender to power, will, or authority; -- often with the reflexive pronoun.

Ye ben submitted through your free assent.
Chaucer.

The angel of the Lord said unto her, Return to thy mistress, and submit thyself under her hands.
Gen. xvi. 9.

Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands.
Eph. v. 22.

4.
To leave or commit to the discretion or judgment of another or others; to refer; as, to submit a controversy to arbitrators; to submit a question to the court; -- often followed by a dependent proposition as the object.

Whether the condition of the clergy be able to bear a heavy burden, is submitted to the house.
Swift.

We submit that a wooden spoon of our day would not be justified in calling Galileo and Napier blockheads because they never heard of the differential calculus.
Macaulay.


word: Submit₂
definition:
Submit

Sub*mit"
v. i.
1.
To yield one's person to the power of another; to give up resistance; to surrender.

The revolted provinces presently submitted.
C. Middleton.

2.
To yield one's opinion to the opinion of authority of another; to be subject; to acquiesce.

To thy husband's will
Thine shall submit.
Milton.

3.
To be submissive or resigned; to yield without murmuring.

Our religion requires from us . . . to submit to pain, disgrace, and even death.
Rogers.


word: Submonish
definition:
Submonish

Sub*mon"ish
(?)
v. t.
[L. submonere. See Summon, and -ish.]
To suggest; to prompt.
[R.]
submonishing
T. Granger.


word: Submultiple
definition:
Submultiple

Sub*mul"ti*ple
(?)
n.
(Math.)
A number or quality which is contained in another an exact number of times, or is an aliquot part of it; thus, 7 is the submultiple of 56, being contained in it eight times.


word: Submultiple₂
definition:
Submultiple

Sub*mul"ti*ple
a.
(Math.)
Of or pertaining to a submultiple; being a submultiple; as, a submultiple number; submultiple ratio.


word: Subnasal
definition:
Subnasal

Sub*na"sal
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated under the nose; as, the subnasal point, or the middle point of the inferior border of the anterior nasal aperture.


word: Subnascent
definition:
Subnascent

Sub*nas"cent
(?)
a.
[L. subnascens, p. pr. of subnasci to grow under; sub under + nasci to be born.]
Growing underneath.
[R.]
Evelyn.


word: Subnect
definition:
Subnect

Sub*nect"
(?)
v. t.
[L. subnectere, subnextum; sub under + nectere to tie.]
To tie or fasten beneath; to join beneath.
[R.]
Pope.


word: Subnormal
definition:
Subnormal

Sub*nor"mal
(?)
n.
(Geom.)
That part of the axis of a curved line which is intercepted between the ordinate and the normal.


word: Subnotation
definition:
Subnotation

Sub`no*ta"tion
(?)
n.
[L. subnotatio a signing underneath, fr. subnotare to subscribe; sub under + notare to note or mark.]
A rescript.
Bouvier.


word: Subnotochordal
definition:
Subnotochordal

Sub*no`to*chor"dal
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated on the ventral side of the notochord; as, the subnotochordal rod.


word: Subnuvolar
definition:
Subnuvolar

Sub*nu"vo*lar
(?)
a.
[Pref. sub + It. nuvola cloud: cf. L. subnubilus somewhat cloudy.]
Under the clouds; attended or partly covered or obscured by clouds; somewhat cloudy.
[R. & Poetic]

Subnuvolar lights of evening sharply slant.
Milnes.


word: Suboccipital
definition:
Suboccipital

Sub`oc*cip"i*tal
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated under, or posterior to, the occiput; as, the suboccipital, or first cervical, nerve.


word: Suboctuple
definition:
Suboctuple

Suboctave

{ Sub*oc"tave (?), Sub*oc"tu*ple (?), }
a.
Containing one part of eight; having the ratio of one to eight.
Bp. Wilkins.


word: Subocular
definition:
Subocular

Sub*oc"u*lar
(?)
a.
[Pref. sub + ocular: cf. L. subocularis.]
(Anat.)
Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the eye.


word: Subofficer
definition:
Subofficer

Sub*of"fi*cer
(?)
n.
[Pref. sub + officer: cf. F. sous-officer.]
An under or subordinate officer.


word: Subopercular
definition:
Subopercular

Sub`o*per"cu*lar
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated below the operculum; pertaining to the suboperculum.
n. The suboperculum.


word: Suboperculum
definition:
Suboperculum

Sub`o*per"cu*lum
(?)
n.
[NL. See Sub-, Operculum.]
(Anat.)
The lower opercular bone in fishes.


word: Suborbiculate
definition:
Suborbiculate

Suborbicular

{ Sub`or*bic"u*lar (?), Sub`or*bic"u*late (?), }
a.
Almost orbiculate or orbicular.


word: Suborbitar
definition:
Suborbitar

Suborbital

{ Sub*or"bit*al (?), Sub*or"bit*ar (?), }
a.
(Anat.)
Situated under or below the orbit.


word: Suborder
definition:
Suborder

Sub*or"der
(?)
n.
(Nat. Hist.)
A division of an order; a group of genera of a little lower rank than an order and of greater importance than a tribe or family; as, cichoraceous plants form a suborder of Compositae.


word: Subordinacy
definition:
Subordinacy

Sub*or"di*na*cy
(?)
n.
[See Subordinate.]
The quality or state of being subordinate, or subject to control; subordination, as, to bring the imagination to act in subordinacy to reason.
Spectator.


word: Subordinancy
definition:
Subordinancy

Subordinance

{ Sub*or"di*nance (?), Sub*or"di*nan*cy (?), }
n.
[Pref. sub + L. ordinans, p. pr. of ordinare. See Subordinate, a.]
Subordinacy; subordination.
[Obs.]
Dr. H. More. Sir W. Temple.


word: Subordinary
definition:
Subordinary

Sub*or"di*na*ry
(?)
n.
(Her.)
One of several heraldic bearings somewhat less common than an ordinary. See Ordinary.

&hand_; Different writers name different bearings as subordinaries, but the bar, bend, sinister, pile, inescutcheon bordure, gyron, and quarter, are always considered subordinaries by those who do not class them as ordinaries.


word: Subordinate
definition:
Subordinate

Sub*or"di*nate
(?)
a.
[Pref. sub + L. ordinatus, p. p. of ordinare to set in order, to arrange. See Ordain.]
1.
Placed in a lower order, class, or rank; holding a lower or inferior position.

The several kinds and subordinate species of each are easily distinguished.
Woodward.

2.
Inferior in order, nature, dignity, power, importance, or the like.

It was subordinate, not enslaved, to the understanding.
South.


word: Subordinate₂
definition:
Subordinate

Sub*or"di*nate
n.
One who stands in order or rank below another; -- distinguished from a principal.
Milton.


word: Subordinate₃
definition:
Subordinate

Sub*or"di*nate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subordinated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subordinating.]
1.
To place in a lower order or class; to make or consider as of less value or importance; as, to subordinate one creature to another.

2.
To make subject; to subject or subdue; as, to subordinate the passions to reason.


word: Subordination
definition:
Subordination

Sub*or`di*na"tion
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. subordination.]
1.
The act of subordinating, placing in a lower order, or subjecting.

2.
The quality or state of being subordinate or inferior to an other; inferiority of rank or dignity; subjection.

Natural creature having a local subordination.
Holyday.

3.
Place of inferior rank.

Persons who in their several subordinations would be obliged to follow the example of their superiors.
Swift.


word: Subordinative
definition:
Subordinative

Sub*or"di*na*tive
(?)
a.
Tending to subordinate; expressing subordination; used to introduce a subordinate sentence; as, a subordinative conjunction.


word: Suborn
definition:
Suborn

Sub*orn"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suborned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suborning.]
[F. suborner, L. subornare; sub under, secretly + ornare to furnish, provide, equip, adorn. See Ornament.]
1.
(Law)
To procure or cause to take a false oath amounting to perjury, such oath being actually taken.
Sir W. O. Russell.

2.
To procure privately, or by collusion; to procure by indirect means; to incite secretly; to instigate.

Thou art suborned against his honor.
Shak.

Those who by despair suborn their death.
Dryden.


word: Subornation
definition:
Subornation

Sub`or*na"tion
(?)
n.
[F. subornation.]
1.
(Law)
The act of suborning; the crime of procuring a person to take such a false oath as constitutes perjury.
Blackstone.

2.
The sin or offense of procuring one to do a criminal or bad action, as by bribes or persuasion.

Foul subornation is predominant.
Shak.

The sort of chicanery attending the subornation of managers in the Leibnitz controversy.
De Quinsey.


word: Suborner
definition:
Suborner

Sub*orn"er
(?)
n.
One who suborns or procures another to take, a false oath; one who procures another to do a bad action.


word: Subovate
definition:
Subovate

Sub*o"vate
(?)
a.
Nearly in the form of an egg, or of the section of an egg, but having the inferior extremity broadest; nearly ovate.


word: Suboxide
definition:
Suboxide

Sub*ox"ide
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
An oxide containing a relatively small amount of oxygen, and less than the normal proportion; as, potassium suboxide, K4O.


word: Subpeduncular
definition:
Subpeduncular

Sub`pe*dun"cu*lar
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated beneath the peduncle; as, the subpeduncular lobe of the cerebellum.


word: Subpedunculate
definition:
Subpedunculate

Sub`pe*dun"cu*late
(?)
a.
(Bot. & Zool.)
Supported on, or growing from, a very short stem; having a short peduncle.


word: Subperiosteal
definition:
Subperiosteal

Sub*per`i*os"te*al
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated under the periosteum.

Subperiosteal operation (Surg.), a removal of bone effected without taking away the periosteum.


word: Subpetiolar
definition:
Subpetiolar

Sub*pet"i*o*lar
(?)
a.
(Bot.)
Concealed within the base of the petiole, as the leaf buds of the plane tree.


word: Subpodophyllous
definition:
Subpodophyllous

Sub*pod`o*phyl"lous
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated under the podophyllous tissue of the horse's foot.


word: Subpoena
definition:
Subpoena

Sub*poe"na
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. L. sub under + poena punishment. See Pain.]
(Law)
A writ commanding the attendance in court, as a witness, of the person on whom it is served, under a penalty; the process by which a defendant in equity is commanded to appear and answer the plaintiff's bill.
[Written also subpena.]

&VerbarSubpoena ad testificandum (_;). [NL.] A writ used to procure the attendance of a witness for the purpose of testifying. -- &VerbarSubpoena duces tecum (_;). [NL.] A writ which requires a witness to attend and bring certain documents.


word: Subpoena₂
definition:
Subpoena

Sub*poe"na
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subpoenaed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subpoenaing.]
(Law)
To serve with a writ of subpoena; to command attendance in court by a legal writ, under a penalty in case of disobedience.


word: Subprior
definition:
Subprior

Sub*pri"or
(?)
n.
[Pref. sub + prior: cf. F. sous-prieur.]
(Eccl.)
The vicegerent of a prior; a claustral officer who assists the prior.


word: Subpulmonary
definition:
Subpulmonary

Sub*pul"mo*na*ry
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the lungs.


word: Subpurchaser
definition:
Subpurchaser

Sub*pur"chas*er
(?)
n.
A purchaser who buys from a purchaser; one who buys at second hand.


word: Subquadruple
definition:
Subquadruple

Sub*quad"ru*ple
(?)
a.
Containing one part of four; in the ratio of one to four; as, subquadruple proportion.
Bp. Wilkins.


word: Subquintuple
definition:
Subquintuple

Sub*quin"tu*ple
(?)
a.
Having the ratio of one to five; as, subquintuple proportion.
Bp. Wilkins.


word: Subreader
definition:
Subreader

Sub*read"er
(?)
n.
(Law)
An under reader in the inns of court, who reads the texts of law the reader is to discourse upon.
[Eng.]
Crabb.


word: Subreligion
definition:
Subreligion

Sub`re*li"gion
(?)
n.
A secondary religion; a belief or principle held in a quasi religious veneration.

Loyalty is in the English a subreligion.
Emerson.


word: Subreption
definition:
Subreption

Sub*rep"tion
(?)
n.
[L. subreptio, fr. subripere, subreptum, to snatch or take away secretly: cf. F. subreption. See Surreptitious.]
The act of obtaining a favor by surprise, or by unfair representation through suppression or fraudulent concealment of facts.
Bp. Hall.


word: Subreptitious
definition:
Subreptitious

Sub`rep*ti"tious
(?)
a.
[L. subreptitius. See Surreptitious.]
Surreptitious.
[Obs.]
Sub`rep*ti"tious*ly (#), adv. [Obs.]


word: Subriguous
definition:
Subriguous

Sub*rig"u*ous
(?)
a.
[L. subriguus; sub under + riguus watered, akin to rigare to water.]
Watered or wet beneath; well-watered.
[Obs.]
Blount.


word: Subrogate
definition:
Subrogate

Sub"ro*gate
(?)
v. t.
[L. subrogatus, p. p. of subrogare. See Surrogate.]
To put in the place of another; to substitute.
Barrow.


word: Subrogation
definition:
Subrogation

Sub`ro*ga"tion
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. subrogation, LL. subrogatio.]
The act of subrogating.
(Law)
The substitution of one person in the place of another as a creditor, the new creditor succeeding to the rights of the former; the mode by which a third person who pays a creditor succeeds to his rights against the debtor.
Bouvier. Burrill. Abbott.


word: Subsannation
definition:
Subsannation

Sub`san*na"tion
(?)
n.
[L. subsannatio, fr. subsannare to deride by mimicking gestures.]
Derision; mockery.
[Obs.]
Dr. H. More.


word: Subscapulary
definition:
Subscapulary

Subscapular

{ Sub*scap"u*lar (?), Sub*scap"u*la*ry (?), }
a.
(Anat.)
Situated beneath the scapula; infrascapular; as, the subscapular muscle.


word: Subscribe
definition:
Subscribe

Sub*scribe"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subscribed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subscribing.]
[L. subscribere, subscriptum; sub under + scribere to write: cf. F. souscrire. See Scribe.]
1.
To write underneath, as one's name; to sign (one's name) to a document.

[They] subscribed their names under them.
Sir T. More.

2.
To sign with one's own hand; to give consent to, as something written, or to bind one's self to the terms of, by writing one's name beneath; as, parties subscribe a covenant or contract; a man subscribes a bond.

All the bishops subscribed the sentence.
Milman.

3.
To attest by writing one's name beneath; as, officers subscribe their official acts, and secretaries and clerks subscribe copies or records.

4.
To promise to give, by writing one's name with the amount; as, each man subscribed ten dollars.

5.
To sign away; to yield; to surrender.
[Obs.]
Shak.

6.
To declare over one's signature; to publish.
[Obs.]

Either or must shortly hear from him, or I will subscribe him a coward.
Shak.


word: Subscribe₂
definition:
Subscribe

Sub*scribe"
v. i.
1.
To sign one's name to a letter or other document.
Shak.

2.
To give consent to something written, by signing one's name; hence, to assent; to agree.

So spake, so wished, much humbled Eve; but Fate
Subscribed not.
Milton.

3.
To become surely; -- with for.
[R.]
Shak.

4.
To yield; to admit one's self to be inferior or in the wrong.
[Obs.]

I will subscribe, and say I wronged the duke.
Shak.

5.
To set one's name to a paper in token of promise to give a certain sum.

6.
To enter one's name for a newspaper, a book, etc.


word: Subscriber
definition:
Subscriber

Sub*scrib"er
(?)
n.
1.
One who subscribes; one who contributes to an undertaking by subscribing.

2.
One who enters his name for a paper, book, map, or the like.
Dryden.


word: Subscript
definition:
Subscript

Sub"script
(?)
a.
[L. subscriptus, p. p. See Subscribe.]
Written below or underneath; as, iota subscript. (See under Iota.) Specifically (Math.), said of marks, figures, or letters (suffixes), written below and usually to the right of other letters to distinguish them; as, a, n, 2, in the symbols Xa, An, Y2. See Suffix, n., 2, and Subindex.


word: Subscription
definition:
Subscription

Sub*scrip"tion
(?)
n.
[L. subscriptio: cf. F. souscription.]
1.
The act of subscribing.

2.
That which is subscribed.
(a)
A paper to which a signature is attached.
(b)
The signature attached to a paper.
(c)
Consent or attestation by underwriting the name.
(d)
Sum subscribed; amount of sums subscribed; as, an individual subscription to a fund.

3.
(Eccl.)
The acceptance of articles, or other tests tending to promote uniformity; esp. (Ch. of Eng.), formal assent to the Thirty-nine Articles and the Book of Common Prayer, required before ordination.

4.
Submission; obedience.
[Obs.]

You owe me no subscription.
Shak.

5.
(Pharm.)
That part of a prescription which contains the direction to the apothecary.


word: Subscriptive
definition:
Subscriptive

Sub*scrip"tive
(?)
a.
Of or pertaining to a subscription, or signature.
subscriptive
Richardson.
Sub*scrip"tive*ly, adv.


word: Subsecute
definition:
Subsecute

Sub"se*cute
(?)
v. t.
[L. subsecutus, p. p. of subsequi. See Subsequent.]
To follow closely, or so as to overtake; to pursue.
[Obs.]

To follow and detain him, if by any possibility he could be subsecuted and overtaken.
E. Hall.


word: Subsellium
definition:
Subsellium

Sub*sel"li*um
(?)
n.
pl. Subsellia (#).
[L.]
(Eccl. Arch.)
One of the stalls of the lower range where there are two ranges. See Illust. of Stall.


word: Subsemitone
definition:
Subsemitone

Sub*sem"i*tone
(?)
n.
(Mus.)
The sensible or leading note, or sharp seventh, of any key; subtonic.


word: Subsequency
definition:
Subsequency

Subsequence

{ Sub"se*quence (?), Sub"se*quen*cy (?), }
n.
The act or state of following; -- opposed to precedence.


word: Subsequent
definition:
Subsequent

Sub"se*quent
(?)
a.
[L. subsequens, -entis, p. pr. of subsequi to follow, succeed: cf. F. subséquent. See Sue to follow.]
1.
Following in time; coming or being after something else at any time, indefinitely; as, subsequent events; subsequent ages or years; a period long subsequent to the foundation of Rome.

2.
Following in order of place; succeeding; as, a subsequent clause in a treaty.
subsequent
Bacon.


word: Subserve
definition:
Subserve

Sub*serve"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subserved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subserving.]
[L. subservire; sub under + servire to serve. See Serve.]
To serve in subordination or instrumentally; to be subservient to; to help forward; to promote.

It is a great credit to know the ways of captivating Nature, and making her subserve our purposes, than to have learned all the intrigues of policy.
Glanvill.


word: Subserve₂
definition:
Subserve

Sub*serve"
v. i.
To be subservient or subordinate; to serve in an inferior capacity.

Not made to rule,
But to subserve where wisdom bears command.
Milton.


word: Subserviency
definition:
Subserviency

Subservience

{ Sub*serv"i*ence (?), Sub*serv"i*en*cy (?), }
n.
The quality or state of being subservient; instrumental fitness or use; hence, willingness to serve another's purposes; in a derogatory sense, servility.

The body wherein appears much fitness, use, and subserviency to infinite functions.
Bentley.

There is a regular subordination and subserviency among all the parts to beneficial ends.
Cheyne.


word: Subservient
definition:
Subservient

Sub*serv"i*ent
(?)
a.
[L. subserviens, -entis, p. pr. See Subserve.]
Fitted or disposed to subserve; useful in an inferior capacity; serving to promote some end; subordinate; hence, servile, truckling.

Scarce ever reading anything which he did not make subservient in one kind or other.
Bp. Fell.

These ranks of creatures are subservient one to another.
Ray.

Their temporal ambition was wholly subservient to their proselytizing spirit.
Burke.


word: Subsesqui-
definition:
Subsesqui-

Sub*ses"qui-
(?)
[Pref. sub- + sesqui-.]
(Chem.)
A prefix (also used adjectively) denoting the combination of constituents (especially electro-negative and electro-positive bodies) in the proportion of two to three; as, a subsesqui acetate, i. e., a salt having two equivalents of acetic acid to three of the base.


word: Subsextuple
definition:
Subsextuple

Sub*sex"tu*ple
(?)
a.
Having the ratio of one to six; as, a subsextuple proportion.
Bp. Wilkins.


word: Subside
definition:
Subside

Sub*side"
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Subsided; p. pr. & vb. n. Subsiding.]
[L. subsidere; sub under, below + sidere to sit down, to settle; akin to sedere to sit, E. sit. See Sit.]
1.
To sink or fall to the bottom; to settle, as lees.

2.
To tend downward; to become lower; to descend; to sink.
subsiding
Dryden.

3.
To fall into a state of quiet; to cease to rage; to be calmed; to settle down; to become tranquil; to abate; as, the sea subsides; the tumults of war will subside; the fever has subsided.
subside
C. Middleton.


word: Subsidency
definition:
Subsidency

Subsidence

{ Sub*sid"ence (?), Sub*sid"en*cy (?), }
n.
[L. subsidens, -entis, p. pr. of subsidere. See Subside.]
The act or process of subsiding.

The subdual or subsidence of the more violent passions.
Bp. Warburton.


word: Subsidiary
definition:
Subsidiary

Sub*sid"i*a*ry
(?)
a.
[L. subsidiarius: cf. F. subsidiaire. See Subsidy.]
1.
Furnishing aid; assisting; auxiliary; helping; tributary; especially, aiding in an inferior position or capacity; as, a subsidiary stream.

Chief ruler and principal head everywhere, not suffragant and subsidiary.
Florio.

They constituted a useful subsidiary testimony of another state of existence.
Coleridge.

2.
Of or pertaining to a subsidy; constituting a subsidy; being a part of, or of the nature of, a subsidy; as, subsidiary payments to an ally.

George the Second relied on his subsidiary treaties.
Ld. Mahon.


word: Subsidiary₂
definition:
Subsidiary

Sub*sid"i*a*ry
n.
pl. Subsidiaries (_;).
One who, or that which, contributes aid or additional supplies; an assistant; an auxiliary.
Hammond.


word: Subsidize
definition:
Subsidize

Sub"si*dize
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subsidized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subsidizing (?).]
[From Subsidy.]
To furnish with a subsidy; to purchase the assistance of by the payment of a subsidy; to aid or promote, as a private enterprise, with public money; as, to subsidize a steamship line.

He employed the remittances from Spain to subsidize a large body of German mercenaries.
Prescott.


word: Subsidy
definition:
Subsidy

Sub"si*dy
(?)
n.
pl. Subsidies (#).
[L. subsidium the troops stationed in reserve in the third line of battlem reserve, support, help, fr. subsidere to sit down, lie in wait: cf. F. subside. See Subside.]
1.
Support; aid; cooperation; esp., extraordinary aid in money rendered to the sovereign or to a friendly power.

They advised the king to send speedy aids, and with much alacrity granted a great rate of subsidy.
Bacon.

&hand_; Subsidies were taxes, not immediately on on property, but on persons in respect of their reputed estates, after the nominal rate of 4s. the pound for lands, and 2s. 8d. for goods.
Blackstone.

2.
Specifically: A sum of money paid by one sovereign or nation to another to purchase the cooperation or the neutrality of such sovereign or nation in war.

3.
A grant from the government, from a municipal corporation, or the like, to a private person or company to assist the establishment or support of an enterprise deemed advantageous to the public; a subvention; as, a subsidy to the owners of a line of ocean steamships.


word: Subsign
definition:
Subsign

Sub*sign"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subsigned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subsigning.]
[L. subsignare; sub under + signare to mark: cf. F. soussigner. See Sign.]
To sign beneath; to subscribe.
[R.]
Camden.


word: Subsignation
definition:
Subsignation

Sub`sig*na"tion
(?)
n.
[L. subsignatio.]
The act of writing the name under something, as for attestation.
[R.]
Shelton.


word: Subsist
definition:
Subsist

Sub*sist"
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Subsisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Subsisting.]
[L. subsistere to stand still, stay, remain alive; sub under + sistere to stand, to cause to stand, from stare to stand: cf. F. subsister. See Stand.]
1.
To be; to have existence; to inhere.

And makes what happiness we justly call,
Subsist not in the good of one, but all.
Pope.

2.
To continue; to retain a certain state.

Firm we subsist, yet possible to swerve.
Milton.

3.
To be maintained with food and clothing; to be supported; to live.
Milton.

To subsist on other men's charity.
Atterbury.


word: Subsist₂
definition:
Subsist

Sub*sist"
v. t.
To support with provisions; to feed; to maintain; as, to subsist one's family.

He laid waste the adjacent country in order to render it more difficult for the enemy to subsist their army.
Robertson.


word: Subsistence
definition:
Subsistence

Sub*sist"ence
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. subsistance, L. subsistentia.]
1.
Real being; existence.

Not only the things had subsistence, but the very images were of some creatures existing.
Stillingfleet.

2.
Inherency; as, the subsistence of qualities in bodies.

3.
That which furnishes support to animal life; means of support; provisions, or that which produces provisions; livelihood; as, a meager subsistence.

His viceroy could only propose to himself a comfortable subsistence out of the plunder of his province.
Addison.

4.
(Theol.)
Same as Hypostasis, 2.
Hooker.


word: Subsistence Department
definition:
Subsistence Department

Sub*sist"ence De*part"ment
(Mil.)
A staff department of the United States army charged, under the  supervision of the Chief of Staff, with the purchasing and issuing to the army of such supplies as make up the  ration. It also supplies, for authorized sales, certain articles of food and other minor stores. It is commanded by any officer of the rank of brigadier general, called commissary general, and the department is popularly called the Commissary Department.


word: Subsistent
definition:
Subsistent

Sub*sist"ent
(?)
a.
[L. subsistens, p. pr. See Subsist.]
1.
Having real being; as, a subsistent spirit.

2.
Inherent; as, qualities subsistent in matter.


word: Subsizar
definition:
Subsizar

Sub*si"zar
(?)
n.
An under sizar; a student of lower rank than a sizar.
[Cambridge Univ. Eng.]

Bid my subsizar carry my hackney to the buttery and give him his bever.
J. Fletcher.


word: Subsoil
definition:
Subsoil

Sub"soil`
(?)
n.
The bed, or stratum, of earth which lies immediately beneath the surface soil.

Subsoil plow, a plow having a share and standard but no moldboard. It follows in the furrow made by an ordinary plow, and loosens the soil to an additional depth without bringing it to the surface. Knight.


word: Subspecies
definition:
Subspecies

Sub*spe"cies
(?)
n.
A group somewhat lessdistinct than speciesusually are, but based on characters more important than those which characterize ordinary varieties; often, a geographical variety or race.


word: Subsphenoidal
definition:
Subsphenoidal

Sub`sphe*noid"al
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the body of the sphenoid bone.


word: Subspherical
definition:
Subspherical

Sub*spher"ic*al
(?)
a.
Nearly spherical; having a figure resembling that of a sphere.


word: Subspinous
definition:
Subspinous

Sub*spi"nous
(?)
a.
(a)
(Anat.)
Subvertebral.
(b)
(Med.)
Situated beneath a spinous process, as that of the scapula; as, subspinous dislocation of the humerus.


word: Substance
definition:
Substance

Sub"stance
(?)
n.
[F., fr. L. substantia, fr. substare to be under or present, to stand firm; sub under + stare to stand. See Stand.]
1.
That which underlies all outward manifestations; substratum; the permanent subject or cause of phenomena, whether material or spiritual; that in which properties inhere; that which is real, in distinction from that which is apparent; the abiding part of any existence, in distinction from any accident; that which constitutes anything what it is; real or existing essence.

These cooks, how they stamp, and strain, and grind,
And turn substance into accident!
Chaucer.

Heroic virtue did his actions guide,
And he the substance, not the appearance, chose.
Dryden.

2.
The most important element in any existence; the characteristic and essential components of anything; the main part; essential import; purport.

This edition is the same in substance with the Latin.
Bp. Burnet.

It is insolent in words, in manner; but in substance it is not only insulting, but alarming.
Burke.

3.
Body; matter; material of which a thing is made; hence, substantiality; solidity; firmness; as, the substance of which a garment is made; some textile fabrics have little substance.

4.
Material possessions; estate; property; resources.

And there wasted his substance with riotous living.
Luke xv. 13.

Thy substance, valued at the highest rate,
Can not amount unto a hundred marks.
Shak.

We are destroying many thousand lives, and exhausting our substance, but not for our own interest.
Swift.

5.
(Theol.)
Same as Hypostasis, 2.


word: Substance₂
definition:
Substance

Sub"stance
v. t.
To furnish or endow with substance; to supply property to; to make rich.
[Obs.]


word: Substant
definition:
Substant

Sub"stant
(?)
a.
[L. substans, -antis, p. pr. of substare to be firm.]
Substantial; firm.
[R.]
substant
The Century.


word: Substantial
definition:
Substantial

Sub*stan"tial
(?)
a.
[F. substantiel, L. substantialis.]
1.
Belonging to substance; actually existing; real; as, substantial life.
Milton.

If this atheist would have his chance to be real and substantial agent, he is more stupid than the vulgar.
Bentley.

2.
Not seeming or imaginary; not illusive; real; solid; true; veritable.

If happinessbe a substantial good.
Denham.

The substantial ornaments of virtue.
L'Estrange.

3.
Corporeal; material; firm.
substantial
Shak.

The rainbow [appears to be] a large substantial arch.
I. Watts.

4.
Having good substance; strong; stout; solid; firm; as, substantial cloth; a substantial fence or wall.

5.
Possessed of goods or an estate; moderately wealthy; responsible; as, a substantial freeholder.
Substantial
Sir W. Scott.


word: Substantiality
definition:
Substantiality

Sub*stan`ti*al"i*ty
(?)
n.
The quality or state of being substantial; corporiety; materiality.

The soul is a stranger to such gross substantiality.
Glanvill.


word: Substantialize
definition:
Substantialize

Sub*stan"tial*ize
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Substantialized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Substantializing (?).]
To make substantial.


word: Substantially
definition:
Substantially

Sub*stan"tial*ly
adv.
In a substantial manner; in substance; essentially.

In him all his Father shone,
Substantially expressed.
Milton.

The laws of this religion would make men, if they would truly observe them, substantially religious toward God, chastle, and temperate.
Tillotson.


word: Substantialness
definition:
Substantialness

Sub*stan"tial*ness
n.
The quality or state of being substantial; as, the substantialness of a wall or column.


word: Substantiate
definition:
Substantiate

Sub*stan"ti*ate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Substantiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Substantiating.]
1.
To make to exist; to make real.
Ayliffe.

2.
To establish the existence or truth of by proof or competent evidence; to verify; as, to substantiate a charge or allegation; to substantiate a declaration.

Observation is, in turn, wanted to direct and substantiate the course of experiment.
Coleridge.


word: Substantival
definition:
Substantival

Sub`stan*ti"val
(?)
a.
Of or pertaining to a substantive; of the nature of substantive.
Sub`stan*ti"val*ly, adv.


word: Substantive
definition:
Substantive

Sub"stan*tive
(?)
a.
[L. substantivus: cf. F. substantif.]
1.
Betokening or expressing existence; as, the substantive verb, that is, the verb to be.

2.
Depending on itself; independent.

He considered how sufficient and substantive this land was to maintain itself without any aid of the foreigner.
Bacon.

3.
Enduring; solid; firm; substantial.

Strength and magnitude are qualities which impress the imagination in a powerful and substantive manner.
Hazlitt.

4.
Pertaining to, or constituting, the essential part or principles; as, the law substantive.

Noun substantive (Gram.), a noun which designates an object, material or immaterial; a substantive. -- Substantive color, one which communicates its color without the aid of a mordant or base; -- opposed to adjective color.


word: Substantive₂
definition:
Substantive

Sub"stan*tive
n.
[Cf. F. substantif.]
(Gram.)
A noun or name; the part of speech which designates something that exists, or some object of thought, either material or immaterial; as, the words man, horse, city, goodness, excellence, are substantives.


word: Substantively
definition:
Substantively

Sub"stan*tive*ly
adv.
1.
In a substantive manner; in substance; essentially.

2.
(Gram.)
As a substantive, name, or noun; as, an adjective may be used substantively.


word: Substantivize
definition:
Substantivize

Sub"stan*tiv*ize
(?)
v. t.
To convert into a substantive; as, to substantivize an adjective.
Fitzed. Hall.


word: Substituent
definition:
Substituent

Sub*stit"u*ent
(?)
n.
[L. substituens, p. pr. See Substitute.]
(Chem.)
Any atom, group, or radical substituted for another, or entering a molecule in place of some other part which is removed.


word: Substitute
definition:
Substitute

Sub"stit"ute
(?)
n.
[L. substitutus, p. p. of substituere to put under, put in the place of; sub under + statuere to put, place: cf. F. substitut. See Statute.]
One who, or that which, is substituted or put in the place of another; one who acts for another; that which stands in lieu of something else
(Mil.)
a person who enlists for military service in the place of a conscript or drafted man.

Hast thou not made me here thy substitute?
Milton.

Ladies [in Shakespeare's age] . . . wore masks as the sole substitute known to our ancestors for the modern parasol.
De Quincey.


word: Substitute₂
definition:
Substitute

Sub"stit"ute
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Substituted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Substituting (?).]
[See Substitute, n.]
To put in the place of another person or thing; to exchange.

Some few verses are inserted or substituted in the room of others.
Congreve.


word: Substituted
definition:
Substituted

Sub"stit"uted
(?)
a.
1.
Exchanged; put in the place of another.

2.
(Chem.)
Containing substitutions or replacements; having been subjected to the process of substitution, or having some of its parts replaced; as, alcohol is a substituted water; methyl amine is a substituted ammonia.

Substituted executor (Law), an executor appointed to act in place of one removed or resigned.


word: Substitution
definition:
Substitution

Sub`sti*tu"tion
(?)
n.
[L. substitutio: cf. F. substitution.]
1.
The act of substituting or putting one person or thing in the place of another; as, the substitution of an agent, attorney, or representative to act for one in his absense; the substitution of bank notes for gold and silver as a circulating medium.

2.
The state of being substituted for another.

3.
The office or authority of one acting for another; delegated authority.
[R.]
Shak.

4.
(Civil Law)
The designation of a person in a will to take a devise or legacy, either on failure of a former devisee or legatee by incapacity or unwillingness to accept, or after him.
Burrill.

5.
(Theol.)
The doctrine that Christ suffered vicariously, being substituted for the sinner, and that his sufferings were expiatory.

6.
(Chem.)
The act or process of substituting an atom or radical for another atom or radical; metathesis; also, the state of being so substituted. See Metathesis.


word: Substitutional
definition:
Substitutional

Sub`sti*tu"tion*al
(?)
a.
Of or pertaining to substitution; standing in the place of another; substituted.
Sub`sti*tu"tion*al*ly, adv.


word: Substitutive
definition:
Substitutive

Sub"sti*tu`tive
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. substitutif, L. substitutivus conditional.]
Tending to afford or furnish a substitute; making substitution; capable of being substituted.
Bp. Wilkins.


word: Substract
definition:
Substract

Sub*stract"
(?)
v. t.
[F. suostraire; L. subtus below (from sub under) + trahere to draw. See Substract.]
To subtract; to withdraw.
[Obs.]
Barrow.


word: Substraction
definition:
Substraction

Sub*strac"tion
(?)
n.
[OF. substraction, F. soustraction. See Subtract.]
1.
Subtraction; deduction.
[Obs.]

2.
(Law)
See Subtraction, 3.


word: Substrate₃
definition:
Substrate

Sub*strate"
(?)
v. t.
[L. substratus, p. p. of substrahere. See Substratum.]
To strew or lay under anything.
[Obs.]

The melted glass being supported by the substrated sand.
Boyle.


word: Substratum
definition:
Substratum

Sub*stra"tum
(?)
n.
pl. Substrata (#).
[L. substratus, p. p. of substernere to strew under; sub under + sternere to strew. See Stratum.]
1.
That which is laid or spread under; that which underlies something, as a layer of earth lying under another; specifically (Agric.), the subsoil.

2.
(Metaph.)
The permanent subject of qualities or cause of phenomena; substance.


word: Substruct
definition:
Substruct

Sub*struct"
(?)
v. t.
[See Substruction.]
To build beneath something; to lay as the foundation.
[R.]

He substructs the religion of Asia as the base.
Emerson.


word: Substruction
definition:
Substruction

Sub*struc"tion
(?)
n.
[L. substructio, fr. substruere, substructum, to build beneath; sub under + struere to build.]
(Arch.)
Underbuilding; the foundation, or any preliminary structure intended to raise the lower floor or basement of a building above the natural level of the ground.

It is a magnificent strong building, with a substruction very remarkable.
Evelyn.


word: Substructure
definition:
Substructure

Sub*struc"ture
(?)
n.
[Pref. sub- + structure.]
1.
(Arch.)
Same as Substruction.

2.
An under structure; a foundation; groundwork.


word: Substyle
definition:
Substyle

Sub"style`
(?)
n.
(Dialing)
A right line on which the style, or gnomon, of a dial is erected; being the common section of the face of the dial and a plane perpendicular to it passing through the style.
[Written also substile.]
Hutton.


word: Subsulphide
definition:
Subsulphide

Sub*sul"phide
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A nonacid compound consisting of one equivalent of sulphur and more than one equivalent of some other body, as a metal.


word: Subsultory
definition:
Subsultory

Sub*sul"to*ry
(?)
a.
[L. subsilire, subsultum, to spring up; sub under + salire to leap.]
Bounding; leaping; moving by sudden leaps or starts.
[R.]
Sub*sul"to*ri*ly, adv. [R.]

Flippancy opposed to solemnity, the subsultory to the continuous, -- these are the two frequent extremities to which the French manner betrays men.
De Quincey.


word: Subsultus
definition:
Subsultus

Sub*sul"tus
(?)
n.
[NL. See Subsultory.]
(Med.)
A starting, twitching, or convulsive motion.


word: Subsume
definition:
Subsume

Sub*sume"
(?)
v. t.
[Pref. sub- + L. sumere to take.]
To take up into or under, as individual under species, species under genus, or particular under universal; to place (any one cognition) under another as belonging to it; to include under something else.

To subsume one proposition under another.
De Quincey.

A principle under which one might subsume men's most strenuous efforts after righteousness.
W. Pater.


word: Subsumption
definition:
Subsumption

Sub*sump"tion
(?)
n.
1.
The act of subsuming, or of including under another.

The first act of consciousness was a subsumption of that of which we were conscious under this notion.
Sir W. Hamilton.

2.
That which is subsumed, as the minor clause or premise of a syllogism.

But whether you see cause to go against the rule, or the subsumption under the rule.
De Quincey.


word: Subtangent
definition:
Subtangent

Sub*tan"gent
(?)
n.
(Geom.)
The part of the axis contained between the ordinate and tangent drawn to the same point in a curve.


word: Subtectacle
definition:
Subtectacle

Sub*tec"ta*cle
(?)
n.
[Pref. sub- + L. tectum a roof.]
A space under a roof; a tabernacle; a dwelling.
[Obs.]
Davies (Holy Roode).


word: Subtegulaneous
definition:
Subtegulaneous

Sub*teg`u*la"ne*ous
(?)
a.
[L. subtegulaneus; sub under + tegulare tiles for a roof.]
Under the roof or eaves; within doors.
[R.]


word: Subtenant
definition:
Subtenant

Sub*ten"ant
(?)
n.
(Law)
One who rents a tenement, or land, etc., of one who is also a tenant; an undertenant.


word: Subtend
definition:
Subtend

Sub*tend"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subtended; p. pr. & vb. n. Subtending.]
[L. subtendere; sub under + tendere to stretch, extend. See Tend.]
To extend under, or be opposed to; as, the line of a triangle which subtends the right angle; the chord subtends an arc.


word: Subtense
definition:
Subtense

Sub*tense"
(?)
n.
[L. subtendere, subtentum. See Subtend, Tense, a.]
(Geom.)
A line subtending, or stretching across; a chord; as, the subtense of an arc.


word: Subterfluous
definition:
Subterfluous

Subterfluent

{ Sub*ter"flu*ent (?), Sub*ter"flu*ous (?), }
a.
[L. subterfluens, p. pr. of subterfluere to flow beneath; subter under + fluere to flow.]
Running under or beneath.
[R.]


word: Subterfuge
definition:
Subterfuge

Sub"ter*fuge
(?)
n.
[F., from LL. subterfugium, fr. L. subterfugere to flee secretly, to escape; subter under + fugere to flee. See Fugitive.]
That to which one resorts for escape or concealment; an artifice employed to escape censure or the force of an argument, or to justify opinions or conduct; a shift; an evasion.

Affect not little shifts and subterfuges, to avoid the force of an argument.
I. Watts.

By a miserable subterfuge, they hope to render this position safe by rendering it nugatory.
Burke.


word: Subterrane
definition:
Subterrane

Sub"ter*rane
(?)
n.
[Cf. L. subterraneum, F. souterrain. See Subterranean.]
A cave or room under ground.
[R.]
J. Bryant.


word: Subterraneous
definition:
Subterraneous

Subterranean

{ Sub`ter*ra"ne*an (?), Sub`ter*ra"ne*ous (?), }
a.
[L. subterraneus; sub under + terra earth. See Terrace.]
Being or lying under the surface of the earth; situated within the earth, or under ground; as, subterranean springs; a subterraneous passage.
Sub`ter*ra"ne*ous*ly, adv.


word: Subtile
definition:
Subtile

Sub"tile
(?)
a.
[L. subtilis. See Subtile.]
1.
Thin; not dense or gross; rare; as, subtile air; subtile vapor; a subtile medium.

2.
Delicately constituted or constructed; nice; fine; delicate; tenuous; finely woven.
sotil
Chaucer.

More subtile web Arachne can not spin.
Spenser.

I do distinguish plain
Each subtile line of her immortal face.
Sir J. Davies.

3.
Acute; piercing; searching.

The slow disease and subtile pain.
Prior.

5.
Characterized by nicety of discrimination; discerning; delicate; refined; subtle.
[In this sense now commonly written subtle.]

The genius of the Spanish people is exquisitely subtile, without being at all acute; hence there is so much humor and so little wit in their literature. The genius of the Italians, on the contrary, is acute, profound, and sensual, but not subtile; hence what they think to be humorous, is merely witty.
Coleridge.

The subtile influence of an intellect like Emerson's.
Hawthorne.

5.
Sly; artful; cunning; crafty; subtle; as, a subtile person; a subtile adversary; a subtile scheme.
[In this sense now commonly written subtle.]


word: Subtiliate
definition:
Subtiliate

Sub*til"i*ate
(?)
v. t.
[LL. subtiliare.]
To make thin or rare.
[Obs.]
Harvey.
Sub`til*i*a"tion (#), n. [Obs.] Boyle.


word: Subtilism
definition:
Subtilism

Sub"til*ism
(?)
n.
The quality or state of being subtile; subtility; subtlety.

The high orthodox subtilism of Duns Scotus.
Milman.


word: Subtilization
definition:
Subtilization

Sub`til*i*za"tion
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. subtilization.]
1.
The act of making subtile.

2.
(Old Chem.)
The operation of making so volatile as to rise in steam or vapor.

3.
Refinement; subtlety; extreme attenuation.


word: Subtilize
definition:
Subtilize

Sub"til*ize
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subtilized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subtilizing (?).]
[L. subtiliser.]
1.
To make thin or fine; to make less gross or coarse.

2.
To refine; to spin into niceties; as, to subtilize arguments.

Nor as yet have we subtilized ourselves into savages.
Burke.


word: Subtilty
definition:
Subtilty

Sub"til*ty
(?)
n.
[Contr. fr. subtility.]
1.
The quality or state of being subtile; thinness; fineness; as, the subtility of air or light.

2.
Refinement; extreme acuteness; subtlety.

Intelligible discourses are spoiled by too much subtility in nice divisions.
Locke.

3.
Cunning; skill; craft.
[Obs.]

To learn a lewd man this subtility.
Chaucer.

4.
Slyness in design; artifice; guile; a cunning design or artifice; a trick; subtlety.

O full of all subtility and all mischief.
Acts xiii. 10.

&hand_; In senses 2, 3, and 4 the word is more commonly written subtlety.


word: Subtle
definition:
Subtle

Sub"tle
(?)
a.
[Compar. Subtler (?); superl. Subtlest (?).]
[OE. sotil, subtil, OF. soutil, later subtil, F. subtil, L. subtilis; probably, originally, woven fine, and fr. sub under + tela a web, fr. texere to weave. See Text, and cf. Subtile.]
1.
Sly in design; artful; cunning; insinuating; subtile; -- applied to persons; as, a subtle foe.
subtle
Shak.

2.
Cunningly devised; crafty; treacherous; as, a subtle stratagem.

3.
Characterized by refinement and niceness in drawing distinctions; nicely discriminating; -- said of persons; as, a subtle logician; refined; tenuous; sinuous; insinuating; hence, penetrative or pervasive; -- said of the mind; its faculties, or its operations; as, a subtle intellect; a subtle imagination; a subtle process of thought; also, difficult of apprehension; elusive.

Things remote from use, obscure and subtle.
Milton.

4.
Smooth and deceptive.
[Obs.]

Like to a bowl upon a subtle ground [bowling ground].
Shak.


word: Subtlety
definition:
Subtlety

Sub"tle*ty
(?)
n.
pl. Subtleties (#).
[OE. sotelte, sutilte, OF. sotillete, L. subtilitas. See Subtle, and cf. Subtility.]
1.
The quality or state of being subtle, or sly; cunning; craftiness; artfulness.

The fox which lives by subtlety.
Shak.

2.
Nice discernment with delicacy of mental action; nicety of discrimination.

3.
Something that is sly, crafty, or delusive.

Unlearned in the world's false subtleties.
Shak.


word: Subtly
definition:
Subtly

Sub"tly
(?)
adv.
In a subtle manner; slyly; artfully; cunningly.

Thou seest how subtly to detain thee I devise.
Milton.

2.
Nicely; delicately.

In the nice bee what sense so subtly true.
Pope.

Subtly communicating itself to my sensibilities, but evading the analysis of my mind.
Hawthorne.

3.
Deceitfully; delusively.
[Obs.]
Shak.


word: Subtonic
definition:
Subtonic

Sub*ton"ic
(?)
a.
(Phonetics)
Applied to, or distinguishing, a speech element consisting of tone, or proper vocal sound, not pure as in the vowels, but dimmed and otherwise modified by some kind of obstruction in the oral or the nasal passage, and in some cases with a mixture of breath sound; -- a term introduced by Dr. James Rush in 1833. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§155, 199-202.


word: Subtonic₂
definition:
Subtonic

Sub*ton"ic
n.
1.
(Phonetics)
A subtonic sound or element; a vocal consonant, as b, d, g, n, etc.; a subvocal.

2.
(Mus.)
The seventh tone of the scale, or that immediately below the tonic; -- called also subsemitone.


word: Subtract
definition:
Subtract

Sub*tract"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subtracted; p. pr. & vb. n. Subtracting.]
[L. subtractus, p. p. of subtrahere to draw from beneath, withdraw, remove; sub under + trahere to draw. See Trace, v. t., and cf. Substract.]
To withdraw, or take away, as a part from the whole; to deduct; as, subtract 5 from 9, and the remainder is 4.


word: Subtraction
definition:
Subtraction

Sub*trac"tion
(?)
n.
[L. subtractio a drawing back. See Subtract, and cf. Substraction.]
1.
The act or operation of subtracting or taking away a part.

2.
(Math.)
The taking of a lesser number or quantity from a greater of the same kind or denomination; an operation for finding the difference between two numbers or quantities.

3.
(Law)
The withdrawing or withholding from a person of some right to which he is entitled by law.

&hand_; Thus the subtraction of conjugal rights is when either the husband or wife withdraws from the other and lives separate without sufficient reason. The subtraction of a legacy is the withholding or detailing of it from the legatee by the executor. In like manner, the withholding of any service, rent, duty, or custom, is a subtraction, for which the law gives a remedy.
Blackstone.


word: Subtractive
definition:
Subtractive

Sub*trac"tive
(?)
a.
1.
Tending, or having power, to subtract.

2.
(Math.)
Having the negative sign, or sign minus.


word: Subtrahend
definition:
Subtrahend

Sub"tra*hend`
(?)
n.
[L. subtrahendus that is to be subtracted, p.fut.pess. of subtrahere. See Subtract.]
(Math.)
The sum or number to be subtracted, or taken from another (the minuend) to find the difference.


word: Subtreasury
definition:
Subtreasury

Sub*treas"ur*y
(?)
n.
pl. Subtreasuries (_;).
A subordinate treasury, or place of deposit; as, the United States subtreasury at New York.
[U. S.]


word: Subtribe
definition:
Subtribe

Sub"tribe`
(?)
n.
(Bot. & Zool.)
A division of a tribe; a group of genera of a little lower rank than a tribe.


word: Subtrihedral
definition:
Subtrihedral

Sub`tri*he"dral
(?)
a.
Approaching the form of a three-sided pyramid; as, the subtrihedral crown of a tooth.
Owen.


word: Subtriplicate
definition:
Subtriplicate

Sub*trip"li*cate
(?)
a.
(Math.)
Expressed by the cube root; -- said especially of ratios.

Subtriplicate ratio, the ratio of the cube root; thus, the subtriplicate ratio of a to b is &cuberoot_;a to &cuberoot_;b, or &cuberoot_;a/b.


word: Subtrude
definition:
Subtrude

Sub*trude"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subtruded; p. pr. & vb. n. Subtruding.]
[Pref. sub- + L. trudere to thrust.]
To place under; to insert.
[R.]


word: Subtypical
definition:
Subtypical

Sub*typ"ic*al
(?)
a.
(Zool.)
Deviating somewhat from the type of a species, genus, or other group; slightly aberrant.


word: Subulated
definition:
Subulated

Subulate

{ Su"bu*late (?), Su"bu*la`ted (?), }
a.
[NL. subulatus, fr. L. subula an awl.]
Very narrow, and tapering gradually to a fine point from a broadish base; awl-shaped; linear.


word: Subulicornes
definition:
Subulicornes

Su`bu*li*cor"nes
(?)
n. pl.
[NL., from L. subula an awl + cornu horn.]
(Zool.)
A division of insects having slender or subulate antennae. The dragon flies and May flies are examples.


word: Subulipalp
definition:
Subulipalp

Su"bu*li*palp`
(?)
n.
[L. subula an awl + E. palp.]
(Zool.)
One of a group of carabid beetles having slender palpi.


word: Subumbrella
definition:
Subumbrella

Sub`um*brel"la
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
The integument of the under surface of the bell, or disk-shaped body, of a jellyfish.


word: Subundation
definition:
Subundation

Sub`un*da"tion
(?)
n.
[Pref. sub- + L. unda a wave.]
A flood; a deluge.
[Obs.]
Huloet.


word: Suburb
definition:
Suburb

Sub"urb
(?)
n.
[L. suburbium; sub under, below, near + urbs a city. See Urban.]
1.
An outlying part of a city or town; a smaller place immediately adjacent to a city; in the plural, the region which is on the confines of any city or large town; as, a house stands in the suburbs; a garden situated in the suburbs of Paris.
suburbs
Chaucer.

[London] could hardly have contained less than thirty or forty thousand souls within its walls; and the suburbs were very populous.
Hallam.

2.
Hence, the confines; the outer part; the environment.
suburbs
Jer. Taylor.

The suburb of their straw-built citadel.
Milton.

Suburb roister, a rowdy; a loafer. [Obs.] Milton.


word: Suburban
definition:
Suburban

Sub*ur"ban
(?)
a.
[L. suburbanus.]
Of or pertaining to suburbs; inhabiting, or being in, the suburbs of a city.
Suburban
Longfellow.

Suburban villas, highway-side retreats, . . . 
Delight the citizen.
Cowper.


word: Suburbian
definition:
Suburbian

Suburbial

{ Sub*ur"bi*al (?), Sub*ur"bi*an (?), }
a.
Suburban.
[Obs.]
Suburbial
Warton.
Suburbian
Dryden.


word: Suburbicary
definition:
Suburbicary

Suburbicarian

{ Sub*ur`bi*ca"ri*an (?), Sub*ur"bi*ca*ry (?), }
a.
[LL. suburbicarius, equiv. to L. suburbanus: cf. F. suburbicaire. See Suburban.]
Being in the suburbs; -- applied to the six dioceses in the suburbs of Rome subject to the pope as bishop of Rome.

The pope having stretched his authority beyond the bounds of his suburbicarian precincts.
Barrow.


word: Subvaginal
definition:
Subvaginal

Sub*vag"i*nal
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated under or inside a sheath or vaginal membrane; as, the subvaginal, or subdural, spaces about the optic nerve.


word: Subvariety
definition:
Subvariety

Sub`va*ri"e*ty
(?)
n.
pl. -ties (_;).
A subordinate variety, or a division of a variety.


word: Subvene
definition:
Subvene

Sub*vene"
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Subvened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Subvening.]
[Pref. sub- + L. venire to come. See Subvention.]
To come under, as a support or stay; to happen.

A future state must needs subvene to prevent the whole edifice from falling into ruin.
Bp. Warburton.


word: Subventaneous
definition:
Subventaneous

Sub`ven*ta"ne*ous
(?)
a.
[Pref. sub- + L. ventus wind.]
Produced by the wind.
[Obs.]


word: Subvention
definition:
Subvention

Sub*ven"tion
(?)
n.
[F., fr. LL. subventio, fr. L. subvenire to come up to one's assistance, to assist. See Souvenir, and cf. Subvene.]
1.
The act of coming under.
subvention
Stackhouse.

2.
The act of relieving, as of a burden; support; aid; assistance; help.

3.
A government aid or bounty.


word: Subverse
definition:
Subverse

Sub*verse"
(?)
v. t.
[L. subversus, p. p. of subvertere. See Subvert.]
To subvert.
[Obs.]
Spenser.


word: Subversion
definition:
Subversion

Sub*ver"sion
(?)
n.
[L. subversio: cf. F. subversion. See Subvert.]
The act of overturning, or the state of being overturned; entire overthrow; an overthrow from the foundation; utter ruin; destruction; as, the subversion of a government; the subversion of despotic power; the subversion of the constitution.

The subversion [by a storm] of woods and timber . . . through my whole estate.
Evelyn.

Laws have been often abused to the oppression and subversion of that order they were intended to preserve.
Rogers.


word: Subversive
definition:
Subversive

Sub*ver"sive
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. subversif.]
Tending to subvert; having a tendency to overthrow and ruin.

Lying is a vice subversive of the very ends and design of conversation.
Rogers.


word: Subvert
definition:
Subvert

Sub*vert"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Subverted; p. pr. & vb. n. Subverting.]
[L. subvertere, subversum; sub under + vertere to turn: cf. F. subvertir. See Verse.]
1.
To overturn from the foundation; to overthrow; to ruin utterly.

These are his substance, sinews, arms, and strength,
With which he yoketh your rebellious necks,
Razeth your cities, and subverts your towns.
Shak.

This would subvert the principles of all knowledge.
Locke.

2.
To pervert, as the mind, and turn it from the truth; to corrupt; to confound.
2 Tim. iii. 14.


word: Subvert₂
definition:
Subvert

Sub*vert"
(?)
v. i.
To overthrow anything from the foundation; to be subversive.

They have a power given to them like that of the evil principle, to subvert and destroy.


word: Subvertebral
definition:
Subvertebral

Sub*ver"te*bral
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated beneath, or on the ventral side of, the vertebral column; situated beneath, or inside of, the endoskeleton; hypaxial; hyposkeletal.


word: Subvitalized
definition:
Subvitalized

Sub*vi"tal*ized
(?)
a.
Imperfectly vitalized; having naturally but little vital power or energy.


word: Subway
definition:
Subway

Sub"way`
(?)
n.
1.
An underground way or gallery; especially, a passage under a street, in which water mains, gas mains, telegraph wires, etc., are conducted.

2.
An underground railroad, usually having trains powered by electricity provided by an electric line running through the underground tunnel.  It is usually confined to the center portion of cities; -- called also tube, and in Britain, underground.  In certain other countries (as in France or Russia) it is called the metro.


word: Subzonal
definition:
Subzonal

Sub*zon"al
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated under a zone, or zona; -- applied to a membrane between the zona radiata and the umbilical vesicle in the mammal embryo.


word: Succade
definition:
Succade

Suc"cade
(?)
n.
[L. succus, sucus, juice: cf. F. succade a sugarbox.  Cf. Sucket.]
1.
A sweetmeat.
[Obs.]
Holland.

2.
pl.
(Com.)
Sweetmeats, or preserves in sugar, whether fruit, vegetables, or confections.
Blakely.

Succade gourd. (Bot.) Same as Vegetable marrow, under Vegetable.


word: Succedaneous
definition:
Succedaneous

Suc`ce*da"ne*ous
(?)
a.
[L. succedaneus. See Succeed.]
Pertaining to, or acting as, a succedaneum; supplying the place of something else; being, or employed as, a substitute for another.
Sir T. Browne.


word: Succedaneum
definition:
Succedaneum

Suc`ce*da"ne*um
(?)
n.
pl. Succedanea (#).
[NL. See Succedaneous.]
One who, or that which, succeeds to the place of another; that which is used for something else; a substitute;
specifically
(Med.)
a remedy used as a substitute for another.

In lieu of me, you will have a very charming succedaneum, Lady Harriet Stanhope.
Walpole.


word: Succeed
definition:
Succeed

Suc*ceed"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Succeeded; p. pr. & vb. n. Succeeding.]
[L. succedere, successum; sub under + cedere to go, to go along, approach, follow, succeed: cf. F. succéder. See Cede, and cf. Success.]
1.
To follow in order; to come next after; hence, to take the place of; as, the king's eldest son succeeds his father on the throne; autumn succeeds summer.

As he saw him nigh succeed.
Spenser.

2.
To fall heir to; to inherit.
[Obs. & R.]
Shak.

3.
To come after; to be subsequent or consequent to; to follow; to pursue.

Destructive effects . . . succeeded the curse.
Sir T. Browne.

4.
To support; to prosper; to promote.
[R.]

Succeed my wish and second my design.
Dryden.


word: Succeed₂
definition:
Succeed

Suc*ceed"
v. i.
1.
To come in the place of another person, thing, or event; to come next in the usual, natural, or prescribed course of things; to follow; hence, to come next in the possession of anything; -- often with to.

If the father left only daughters, they equally succeeded to him in copartnership.
Sir M. Hale.

Enjoy till I return
Short pleasures; for long woes are to succeed!
Milton.

2.
Specifically:
To ascend the throne after the removal the death of the occupant.

No woman shall succeed in Salique land.
Shak.

3.
To descend, as an estate or an heirloom, in the same family; to devolve.
Shak.

4.
To obtain the object desired; to accomplish what is attempted or intended; to have a prosperous issue or termination; to be successful; as, he succeeded in his plans; his plans succeeded.

It is almost impossible for poets to succeed without ambition.
Dryden.

Spenser endeavored it in Shepherd's Kalendar; but neither will it succeed in English.
Dryden.

5.
To go under cover.
[A latinism. Obs.]

Will you to the cooler cave succeed!
Dryden.


word: Succeeding
definition:
Succeeding

Suc*ceed"ing
n.
The act of one who, or that which, succeeds; also, that which succeeds, or follows after; consequence.
Shak.


word: Succentor
definition:
Succentor

Suc"cen*tor
(?)
n.
[LL., an accompanier in singing, fr. succinere to sing, to accompany; sub under, after + canere to sing.]
(Eccl.)
A subchanter.


word: Success
definition:
Success

Suc*cess"
(?)
n.
[L. successus: cf. F. succès. See Succeed.]
1.
Act of succeeding; succession.
[Obs.]

Then all the sons of these five brethren reigned
By due success.
Spenser.

2.
That which comes after; hence, consequence, issue, or result, of an endeavor or undertaking, whether good or bad; the outcome of effort.

Men . . . that are like to do that, that is committed to them, and to report back again faithfully the success.
Bacon.

Perplexed and troubled at his bad success
The tempter stood.
Milton.

3.
The favorable or prosperous termination of anything attempted; the attainment of a proposed object; prosperous issue.

Dream of success and happy victory!
Shak.

Or teach with more success her son
The vices of the time to shun.
Waller.

Military successes, above all others, elevate the minds of a people.
Atterbury.

4.
That which meets with, or one who accomplishes, favorable results, as a play or a player.
[Colloq.]


word: Successary
definition:
Successary

Suc"ces*sa*ry
(?)
n.
Succession.
[Obs.]

My peculiar honors, not derived
From successary, but purchased with my blood.
Beau. & Fl.


word: Successful
definition:
Successful

Suc*cess"ful
(?)
a.
Resulting in success; assuring, or promotive of, success; accomplishing what was proposed; having the desired effect; hence, prosperous; fortunate; happy; as, a successful use of medicine; a successful experiment; a successful enterprise.

Welcome, nephews, from successful wars.
Shak.


word: Succession
definition:
Succession

Suc*ces"sion
(?)
n.
[L. successio: cf. F. succession. See Succeed.]
1.
The act of succeeding, or following after; a following of things in order of time or place, or a series of things so following; sequence; as, a succession of good crops; a succession of disasters.

2.
A series of persons or things according to some established rule of precedence; as, a succession of kings, or of bishops; a succession of events in chronology.

He was in the succession to an earldom.
Macaulay.

3.
An order or series of descendants; lineage; race; descent.
succession
Milton.

4.
The power or right of succeeding to the station or title of a father or other predecessor; the right to enter upon the office, rank, position, etc., held ny another; also, the entrance into the office, station, or rank of a predecessor; specifically, the succeeding, or right of succeeding, to a throne.

You have the voice of the king himself for your succession in Denmark.
Shak.

The animosity of these factions did not really arise from the dispute about the succession.
Macaulay.

5.
The right to enter upon the possession of the property of an ancestor, or one near of kin, or one preceding in an established order.

6.
The person succeeding to rank or office; a successor or heir.
[R.]
Milton.

Apostolical succession. (Theol.) See under Apostolical. -- Succession duty, a tax imposed on every succession to property, according to its value and the relation of the person who succeeds to the previous owner. [Eng.] -- Succession of crops. (Agric.) See Rotation of crops, under Rotation.


word: Successional
definition:
Successional

Suc*ces"sion*al
(?)
a.
Of or pertaining to a succession; existing in a regular order; consecutive.
Successional
Flower.
Suc*ces"sion*al*ly, adv.


word: Successionist
definition:
Successionist

Suc*ces"sion*ist
n.
A person who insists on the importance of a regular succession of events, offices, etc.; especially (Eccl.), one who insists that apostolic succession alone is valid.


word: Successive
definition:
Successive

Suc*ces"sive
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. successif. See Succeed.]
1.
Following in order or in uninterrupted course; coming after without interruption or interval; following one after another in a line or series; consecutive; as, the successive revolution of years; the successive kings of Egypt; successive strokes of a hammer.

Send the successive ills through ages down.
Prior.

2.
Having or giving the right of succeeding to an inheritance; inherited by succession; hereditary; as, a successive title; a successive empire.
[Obs.]
Shak.

Successive induction. (Math.) See Induction, 5.


word: Successively
definition:
Successively

Suc*ces"sive*ly
adv.
In a successive manner.

The whiteness, at length, changed successively into blue, indigo, and violet.
Sir I. Newton.


word: Successless
definition:
Successless

Suc*cess"less
(?)
a.
Having no success.

Successless all her soft caresses prove.
Pope.


word: Successor
definition:
Successor

Suc*ces"sor
(?)
n.
[OE. successour, OF. successur, successor, F. successeur, L. successor. See Succeed.]
One who succeeds or follows; one who takes the place which another has left, and sustains the like part or character; -- correlative to predecessor; as, the successor of a deceased king.
Chaucer.

A gift to a corporation, either of lands or of chattels, without naming their successors, vests an absolute property in them so lond as the corporation subsists.
Blackstone.


word: Succiduous
definition:
Succiduous

Suc*cid"u*ous
(?)
a.
[L. succiduus, fr. succidere to fall under.]
Ready to fall; falling.
[R.]


word: Succiferous
definition:
Succiferous

Suc*cif"er*ous
(?)
a.
[L. succus, sucus, juice, sap + -ferous.]
Producing or conveying sap.


word: Succinamic
definition:
Succinamic

Suc`cin*am"ic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid amide derivative of succinic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance, and forming a series of salts.


word: Succinate
definition:
Succinate

Suc"ci*nate
(?)
n.
[L. succinum, sucinum, amber, from succus, sucus, juice, sap: cf. F. succinate.]
(Chem.)
A salt of succinic acid.


word: Succinct
definition:
Succinct

Suc*cinct"
(?)
a.
[L. succinctus, p. p. of succingere to gird below or from below, to tuck up; sub + cingere to gird.  Cf. Cincture.]
1.
Girded or tucked up; bound; drawn tightly together.

His habit fit for speed succinct.
Milton.

2.
Compressed into a narrow compass; brief; concise.

Let all your precepts be succinct and clear.
Roscommon.

The shortest and most succinct model that ever grasped all the needs and necessities of mankind.
South.


word: Succinic
definition:
Succinic

Suc*cin"ic
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. succinique. See Succinate.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, amber; specif., designating a dibasic acid, C_;H_;.(CO_;H)_;, first obtained by the dry distillation of amber. It is found in a number of plants, as in lettuce and wormwood, and is also produced artificially as a white crystalline substance having a slightly acid taste.


word: Succinimide
definition:
Succinimide

Suc`cin*im"ide
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A white crystalline nitrogenous substance, C2H4.(CO)2.NH, obtained by treating succinic anhydride with ammonia gas. It is a typical imido acid, and forms a series of salts. See Imido acid, under Imido.


word: Succinite
definition:
Succinite

Suc"ci*nite
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. succinite.]
(Min.)
(a)
Amber.
(b)
A garnet of an amber color.


word: Succinuric
definition:
Succinuric

Suc`cin*u"ric
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid amide, analogous to succinamic acid, which is obtained as a white crystalline substance by heating urea with succinic anhydride. It is known also in its salts.


word: Succinyl
definition:
Succinyl

Suc"cin*yl
(?)
n.
[Succinic + -yl.]
(Chem.)
A hypothetical radical characteristic of succinic acid and certain of its derivatives.


word: Succise
definition:
Succise

Suc*cise"
(?)
a.
[See Succision.]
(Bot.)
Appearing as if a part were cut off at the extremity.


word: Succision
definition:
Succision

Suc*ci"sion
(?)
n.
[L. succisio, fr. succidere, succisum, to cut away below, sub under + caedere to cut.]
The act of cutting down, as of trees; the act of cutting off.
[R.]


word: Succor
definition:
Succor

Suc"cor
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Succored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Succoring.]
[OE. socouren, OF. sucurre, soucourre, secorre, F. secourir, L. succurrere, succursum, to run under, run to the aid of, help, succor; sub under + currere to run. See Current.]
To run to, or run to support; hence, to help or relieve when in difficulty, want, or distress; to assist and deliver from suffering; to relieve; as, to succor a besieged city.
[Written also succour.]

He is able to succor them that are tempted.
Heb. ii. 18.


word: Succor₂
definition:
Succor

Suc"cor
n.
[OE. socours, sucurs, OF. sucurs, socors, secors, F. secours, L. succursus, fr. L. succurrere. See Succor, v. t.]
1.
Aid; help; assistance; esp., assistance that relieves and delivers from difficulty, want, or distress.
succor
Chaucer.

My noble father . . . 
Flying for succor to his servant Bannister.
Shak.

2.
The person or thing that brings relief.

This mighty succor, which made glad the foe.
Dryden.


word: Succory
definition:
Succory

Suc"co*ry
(?)
n.
[Corrupted from chicory.]
(Bot.)
A plant of the genus Cichorium. See Chicory.


word: Succotash
definition:
Succotash

Suc"co*tash
(?)
n.
[Narragansett Indian m'sickquatash corn boiled whole.]
Green maize and beans boiled together. The dish is borrowed from the native Indians.
[Written also suckatash.]


word: Succuba
definition:
Succuba

Suc"cu*ba
(?)
n.
pl. Succubae (#).
[NL., fr. L. succubare to lie under; sub under + cubare to lie down; cf. L. succuba, succubo, one who lies under another.]
A female demon or fiend. See Succubus.

Though seeming in shape a woman natural
Was a fiend of the kind that succubae some call.
Mir. for Mag.


word: Succubous
definition:
Succubous

Suc"cu*bous
(?)
a.
[See Succuba.]
(Bot.)
Having the leaves so placed that the upper part of each one is covered by the base of the next higher leaf, as in hepatic mosses of the genus Plagiochila.


word: Succubus
definition:
Succubus

Suc"cu*bus
(?)
n.
pl. Succubi (#).
[See Succuba.]
1.
A demon or fiend; especially, a lascivious spirit supposed to have sexual intercourse with the men by night; a succuba.  Cf. Incubus.

2.
(Med.)
The nightmare. See Nightmare, 2.


word: Succula
definition:
Succula

Suc"cu*la
(?)
n.
[L. sucula a winch, windlass, capstan.]
(Mach.)
A bare axis or cylinder with staves or levers in it to turn it round, but without any drum.


word: Succulency
definition:
Succulency

Succulence

{ Suc"cu*lence (?), Suc"cu*len*cy (?), }
n.
[See Succulent.]
The quality or condition of being succulent; juiciness; as, the succulence of a peach.


word: Succulent
definition:
Succulent

Suc"cu*lent
(?)
a.
[L. succulentus, suculentus, fr. succus, sucus, juice; perhaps akin to E. suck: cf. F. succulent.]
Full of juice; juicy.

Succulent plants (Bot.), plants which have soft and juicy leaves or stems, as the houseleek, the live forever, and the species of Mesembryanthemum.


word: Succumb
definition:
Succumb

Suc*cumb"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Succumbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Succumbing.]
[L. succumbere; sub under + cumbere (in comp.), akin to cubare to lie down. See Incumbent, Cubit.]
To yield; to submit; to give up unresistingly; as, to succumb under calamities; to succumb to disease.


word: Succursal
definition:
Succursal

Suc*cur"sal
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. succursale. See Succor, n. & v. t.]
Serving to aid or help; serving as a chapel of ease; tributary.
[R.]

Not a city was without its cathedral, surrounded by its succursal churches, its monasteries, and convents.
Milman.


word: Succus
definition:
Succus

Suc"cus
(?)
n.
pl. Succi (_;).
(Med.)
The expressed juice of a plant, for medicinal use.

&VerbarSuccus entericus (_;). [NL., literally, juice of the intestines.] (Physiol.) A fluid secreted in small by certain glands (probably the glands of Lieberkühn) of the small intestines. Its exact action is somewhat doubtful.


word: Succussation
definition:
Succussation

Suc`cus*sa"tion
(?)
n.
[L. succussare to jolt, v. intens. fr. succutere, succussum, to fling up from below, to toss up; sub under + quatere to shake.]
1.
A trot or trotting.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.

2.
A shaking; succussion.


word: Succussion
definition:
Succussion

Suc*cus"sion
(?)
n.
[L. succussio, from succutere: cf. F. succussion. See Succussation.]
The act of shaking; a shake; esp. (Med.), a shaking of the body to ascertain if there be a liquid in the thorax.


word: Succussive
definition:
Succussive

Suc*cus"sive
(?)
a.
Characterized by a shaking motion, especially an up and down movement, and not merely tremulous oscillation; as, the succussive motion in earthquakes.


word: Such
definition:
Such

Such
(?)
a.
[OE. such, sich, sech, sik, swich, swilch, swulch, swilc, swulc, AS. swelc, swilc, swylc; akin to OFries. selik, D. zulk, OS. sulic, OHG. sulih, solih, G. solch, Icel. slīkr, OSw. salik, Sw. slik, Dan. slig, Goth. swaleiks; originally meaning, so shaped. √192. See So, Like, a., and cf. Which.]
1.
Of that kind; of the like kind; like; resembling; similar; as, we never saw such a day; -- followed by that or as introducing the word or proposition which defines the similarity, or the standard of comparison; as, the books are not such that I can recommend them, or, not such as I can recommend; these apples are not such as those we saw yesterday; give your children such precepts as tend to make them better.

And in his time such a conqueror
That greater was there none under the sun.
Chaucer.

His misery was such that none of the bystanders could refrain from weeping.
Macaulay.

&hand_; The indefinite article a or an never precedes such, but is placed between it and the noun to which it refers; as, such a man; such an honor. The indefinite adjective some, several, one, few, many, all, etc., precede such; as, one such book is enough; all such people ought to be avoided; few such ideas were then held.

2.
Having the particular quality or character specified.

That thou art happy, owe to God;
That thou continuest such, owe to thyself.
Milton.

3.
The same that; -- with as; as, this was the state of the kingdom at such time as the enemy landed.
such
Shak.

4.
Certain; -- representing the object as already particularized in terms which are not mentioned.

In rushed one and tells him such a knight
Is new arrived.
Daniel.

To-day or to-morrow we will go into such a city, and continue there a year.
James iv. 13.

&hand_; Such is used pronominally. “He was the father of such as dwell in tents.” Gen. iv. 20. “Such as I are free in spirit when our limbs are chained.” Sir W. Scott. Such is also used before adjectives joined to substantives; as, the fleet encountered such a terrible storm that it put back. “Everything was managed with so much care, and such excellent order was observed.” De Foe.
[1913 Webster]
Temple sprung from a family which . . . long after his death produced so many eminent men, and formed such distinguished alliances, that, etc. Macaulay.
[1913 Webster]
Such is used emphatically, without the correlative.
[1913 Webster]
Now will he be mocking:
I shall have such a life. Shak.
[1913 Webster]
Such was formerly used with numerals in the sense of times as much or as many; as, such ten, or ten times as many.

Such and such, or Such or such, certain; some; -- used to represent the object indefinitely, as already particularized in one way or another, or as being of one kind or another. “In such and such a place shall be my camp.” 2 Kings vi. 8. “Sovereign authority may enact a law commanding such and such an action.” South. -- Such like or Such character, of the like kind.

And many other such like things ye do.
Mark vii. 8.


word: Suchospondylous
definition:
Suchospondylous

Su`cho*spon"dy*lous
(?)
a.
[Gr. _; a crocodile + _; a vertebra.]
(Zool.)
Having dorsal vertebrae with long and divided transverse processes; -- applied to certain reptiles.


word: Suck
definition:
Suck

Suck
(sŭk)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sucked (sŭkt); p. pr. & vb. n. Sucking.]
[OE. suken, souken, AS. sūcan, sūgan; akin to D. zuigen, G. saugen, OHG. sūgan, Icel. sūga, sjūga, Sw. suga, Dan. suge, L. sugere.  Cf. Honeysuckle, Soak, Succulent, Suction.]
1.
To draw, as a liquid, by the action of the mouth and tongue, which tends to produce a vacuum, and causes the liquid to rush in by atmospheric pressure; to draw, or apply force to, by exhausting the air.

2.
To draw liquid from by the action of the mouth; as, to suck an orange; specifically, to draw milk from (the mother, the breast, etc.) with the mouth; as, the young of an animal sucks the mother, or dam; an infant sucks the breast.

3.
To draw in, or imbibe, by any process resembles sucking; to inhale; to absorb; as, to suck in air; the roots of plants suck water from the ground.

4.
To draw or drain.

Old ocean, sucked through the porous globe.
Thomson.

5.
To draw in, as a whirlpool; to swallow up.

As waters are by whirlpools sucked and drawn.
Dryden.

To suck in, to draw into the mouth; to imbibe; to absorb. -- To suck out, to draw out with the mouth; to empty by suction. -- To suck up, to draw into the mouth; to draw up by suction or absorption.


word: Suck₂
definition:
Suck

Suck
v. i.
1.
To draw, or attempt to draw, something by suction, as with the mouth, or through a tube.

Where the bee sucks, there suck I.
Shak.

2.
To draw milk from the breast or udder; as, a child, or the young of an animal, is first nourished by sucking.

3.
To draw in; to imbibe; to partake.

The crown had sucked too hard, and now, being full, was like to draw less.
Bacon.

4.
To be objectionable, of very poor quality, or offensive; as, telemarketing calls really suck; he's a good actor, but his singing sucks.
[Colloq.]


word: Suck₃
definition:
Suck

Suck
n.
1.
The act of drawing with the mouth.

2.
That which is drawn into the mouth by sucking; specifically, mikl drawn from the breast.
Shak.

3.
A small draught.
[Colloq.]
Massinger.

4.
Juice; succulence.
[Obs.]


word: Suckanhock
definition:
Suckanhock

Suck"an*hock
(?)
n.
[Of American Indian origin.]
A kind of seawan. See Note under Seawan.


word: Sucken
definition:
Sucken

Suck"en
(?)
n.
[See Socome, Soc.]
(Scots Law)
The jurisdiction of a mill, or that extent of ground astricted to it, the tenants of which are bound to bring their grain thither to be ground.


word: Sucker
definition:
Sucker

Suck"er
(sŭk"ẽr)
n.
1.
One who, or that which, sucks; esp., one of the organs by which certain animals, as the octopus and remora, adhere to other bodies.

2.
A suckling; a sucking animal.
Beau. & Fl.

3.
The embolus, or bucket, of a pump; also, the valve of a pump basket.
Boyle.

4.
A pipe through which anything is drawn.

5.
A small piece of leather, usually round, having a string attached to the center, which, when saturated with water and pressed upon a stone or other body having a smooth surface, adheres, by reason of the atmospheric pressure, with such force as to enable a considerable weight to be thus lifted by the string; -- used by children as a plaything.

6.
(Bot.)
A shoot from the roots or lower part of the stem of a plant; -- so called, perhaps, from diverting nourishment from the body of the plant.

7.
(Zool.)
(a)
Any one of numerous species of North American fresh-water cyprinoid fishes of the family Catostomidae; so called because the lips are protrusile. The flesh is coarse, and they are of little value as food. The most common species of the Eastern United States are the northern sucker (Catostomus Commersoni), the white sucker (Catostomus teres), the hog sucker (Catostomus nigricans), and the chub, or sweet sucker (Erimyzon sucetta).  Some of the large Western species are called buffalo fish, red horse, black horse, and suckerel.
(b)
The remora.
(c)
The lumpfish.
(d)
The hagfish, or myxine.
(e)
A California food fish (Menticirrus undulatus) closely allied to the kingfish (a); -- called also bagre.

8.
A parasite; a sponger. See def. 6, above.

They who constantly converse with men far above their estates shall reap shame and loss thereby; if thou payest nothing, they will count thee a sucker, no branch.
Fuller.

9.
A hard drinker; a soaker.
[Slang]

10.
A greenhorn; someone easily cheated, gulled, or deceived.
[Slang, U.S.]

11.
A nickname applied to a native of Illinois.
[U. S.]

12.
A person strongly attracted to something; -- usually used with for; as, he's a sucker for tall blondes.

11.
Any thing or person; -- usually implying annoyance or dislike; as, I went to change the blade and cut my finger on the sucker.
[Slang]

Carp sucker, Cherry sucker, etc. See under Carp, Cherry, etc. -- Sucker fish. See Sucking fish, under Sucking. -- Sucker rod, a pump rod. See under Pump. -- Sucker tube (Zool.), one of the external ambulacral tubes of an echinoderm, -- usually terminated by a sucker and used for locomotion. Called also sucker foot. See Spatangoid.


word: Sucker₂
definition:
Sucker

Suck"er
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suckered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suckering.]
1.
To strip off the suckers or shoots from; to deprive of suckers; as, to sucker maize.

2.
To cheat or deceive (a gullible person); to make a sucker of (someone).


word: Sucking
definition:
Sucking

Suck"ing
a.
Drawing milk from the mother or dam; hence, colloquially, young, inexperienced, as, a sucking infant; a sucking calf.

I suppose you are a young barrister, sucking lawyer, or that sort of thing.
Thackeray.

Sucking bottle, a feeding bottle. See under Bottle. -- Sucking fish (Zool.), the remora. See Remora. Baird. -- Sucking pump, a suction pump. See under Suction. -- Sucking stomach (Zool.), the muscular first stomach of certain insects and other invertebrates which suck liquid food.


word: Suckle₂
definition:
Suckle

Suc"kle
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suckled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suckling (?).]
[Freq. of suck.]
To give suck to; to nurse at the breast.
Addison.

The breasts of Hecuba
When she did suckle Hector, looked not lovelier.
Shak.

They are not weak, suckled by Wisdom.
Landor.


word: Suckling
definition:
Suckling

Suck"ling
(?)
n.
[OE. sokeling. See Suck, v. t.]
1.
A young child or animal nursed at the breast.

2.
A small kind of yellow clover (Trifolium filiforme) common in Southern Europe.


word: Sucrate
definition:
Sucrate

Su"crate
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A compound of sucrose (or of some related carbohydrate) with some base, after the analogy of a salt; as, sodium sucrate.


word: Sucrose
definition:
Sucrose

Su"crose`
(?)
n.
[F. sucre sugar. See Sugar.]
(Chem.)
A common variety of sugar found in the juices of many plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, sugar maple, beet root, etc. It is extracted as a sweet, white crystalline substance which is valuable as a food product, and, being antiputrescent, is largely used in the preservation of fruit. Called also saccharose, cane sugar, etc.  At one time the term was used by extension, for any one of the class of isomeric substances (as lactose, maltose, etc.) of which sucrose proper is the type; however this usage is now archaic.

&hand_; Sucrose proper is a dextrorotatory carbohydrate, C12H22O11. It does not reduce Fehling's solution, and though not directly fermentable, yet on standing with yeast it is changed by the diastase present to invert sugar (dextrose and levulose), which then breaks down to alcohol and carbon dioxide. It is also decomposed to invert sugar by heating with acids, whence it is also called a disaccharate. Sucrose possesses at once the properties of an alcohol and a ketone, and also forms compounds (called sucrates) analogous to salts.  Cf. Sugar.


word: Suction
definition:
Suction

Suc"tion
(?)
n.
[L. sugere, suctum, to suck; cf. OF. suction. See Suck, v. t.]
The act or process of sucking; the act of drawing, as fluids, by exhausting the air.

Suction chamber, the chamber of a pump into which the suction pipe delivers. -- Suction pipe, Suction valve, the induction pipe, and induction valve, of a pump, respectively. -- Suction pump, the common pump, in which the water is raised into the barrel by atmospheric pressure.  See Illust. of Pump.


word: Suctoria
definition:
Suctoria

Suc*to"ri*a
(?)
n. pl.
[NL. See Suction.]
(Zool.)
1.
An order of Infusoria having the body armed with somewhat stiff, tubular processes which they use as suckers in obtaining their food. They are usually stalked.

2.
Same as Rhizocephala.


word: Suctorial
definition:
Suctorial

Suc*to"ri*al
(?)
a.
[L. sugere, suctum, to suck.]
1.
(Zool.)
Adapted for sucking; living by sucking; as, the humming birds are suctorial birds.

2.
(Zool.)
Capable of adhering by suction; as, the suctorial fishes.


word: Suctorian
definition:
Suctorian

Suc*to"ri*an
(?)
n.
1.
(Zool.)
A cartilaginous fish with a mouth adapted for suction, as the lampery.

2.
(Zool.)
One of the Suctoria.


word: Sudamina
definition:
Sudamina

Su*dam"i*na
(?)
n. pl.
sing. Sudamen (_;)
[NL. sudamen, -inis, fr. sudare to sweat. See Sweat.]
(Med.)
Minute vesicles surrounded by an area of reddened skin, produced by excessive sweating.


word: Sudarium
definition:
Sudarium

Su*da"ri*um
(?)
n.
[L., a handkerchief.]
(Eccl.)
The handkerchief upon which the Savior is said to have impressed his own portrait miraculously, when wiping his face with it, as he passed to the crucifixion.


word: Sudary
definition:
Sudary

Su"da*ry
(?)
n.
[L. sudarium, fr. sudare to sweat. See Sweat.]
A napkin or handkerchief.
[Obs. or R.]
Wyclif. R. Browning.


word: Sudatory
definition:
Sudatory

Su"da*to*ry
(?)
a.
[L. sudatorius, fr. sudare to sweat: cf. F. sudatoire. See Sweat.]
Sweating; perspiring.


word: Sudatory₂
definition:
Sudatory

Su"da*to*ry
n.
pl. Sudatories (#).
[L. sudatorium.]
A bagnio; a sweating bath; a vapor bath.

These sudatories are much in request for many infirmities.
Evelyn.


word: Sudd
definition:
Sudd

Sudd
(sŭd)
n.
[Ar. sadd barrier.]
A tangled mass of floating vegetal matter obstructing navigation.
[Central Africa]


word: Sudden
definition:
Sudden

Sud"den
(?)
a.
[OE. sodian, sodein, OF. sodain, sudain, F. soudain, L. subitaneus, fr. subitus sudden, that has come unexpectedly, p. p. of subire to come on, to steal upon; sub under, secretly + ire to go. See Issue, and cf. Subitaneous.]
1.
Happening without previous notice or with very brief notice; coming unexpectedly, or without the common preparation; immediate; instant; speedy.
sudden
Chaucer.
sudden
Shak.

Sudden fear troubleth thee.
Job xxii. 10.

2.
Hastly prepared or employed; quick; rapid.

Never was such a sudden scholar made.
Shak.

The apples of Asphaltis, appearing goodly to the sudden eye.
Milton.

3.
Hasty; violent; rash; precipitate.
[Obs.]
Shak.


word: Sudden₂
definition:
Sudden

Sud"den
adv.
Suddenly; unexpectedly.
[R.]

Herbs of every leaf that sudden flowered.
Milton.


word: Sudden₃
definition:
Sudden

Sud"den
n.
An unexpected occurrence; a surprise.

All of a sudden, On a sudden, Of a sudden, sooner than was expected; without the usual preparation; suddenly.

How art thou lost! how on a sudden lost!
Milton.

He withdrew his opposition all of a sudden.
Thackeray.


word: Suddenty
definition:
Suddenty

Sud"den*ty
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. soudaineté.]
Suddenness; a sudden.
[Scot.]

On a suddenty, on a sudden. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.


word: Sudoriferous
definition:
Sudoriferous

Su`dor*if"er*ous
(?)
a.
[L. sudor sweat + -ferous.]
(Physiol.)
Producing, or secreting, sweat; sudoriparous.

Sudoriferous glands (Anat.), small convoluted tubular glands which are situated in the subcutaneous tissues and discharge by minute orifices in the surface of the skin; the sweat glands.


word: Sudorific
definition:
Sudorific

Su`dor*if"ic
(?)
a.
[L. sudor sweat (akin to E. sweat) + facere to make.]
Causing sweat; as, sudorific herbs.
n. A sudorific medicine.  Cf. Diaphoretic.


word: Sudoriparous
definition:
Sudoriparous

Su`dor*ip"a*rous
(?)
a.
[L. sudor sweat + parere to produce.]
(Physiol.)
Same as Sudoriferous.


word: Sudorous
definition:
Sudorous

Su"dor*ous
(?)
a.
[L. sudorus, fr. sudor sweat.]
Consisting of sweat.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.


word: Sudra
definition:
Sudra

Su"dra
(sō"drȧ)
n.
[Skr. çūdra.]
The lowest of the four great castes among the Hindoos. See Caste.
[Written also Soorah, Soodra, and Sooder.]


word: Suds
definition:
Suds

Suds
(?)
n. pl.
[Akin to sodden, seethe. See Seethe.]
Water impregnated with soap, esp. when worked up into bubbles and froth.

In the suds, in turmoil or difficulty. [Colloq.] Beau. & Fl.


word: Sue
definition:
Sue

Sue
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suing (?).]
[OE. suen, sewen, siwen, OF. sivre (pres.ind. 3d sing. il siut, suit, he follows, nous sevons we follow), LL. sequere, for L. sequi, secutus; akin to Gr. _;, Skr. sac to accompany, and probably to E. see, v.t. See See, v. t., and cf. Consequence, Ensue, Execute, Obsequious, Pursue, Second, Sect in religion, Sequence, Suit.]
1.
To follow up; to chase; to seek after; to endeavor to win; to woo.

For yet there was no man that haddle him sued.
Chaucer.

I was beloved of many a gentle knight,
And sued and sought with all the service due.
Spenser.

Sue me, and woo me, and flatter me.
Tennyson.

2.
(Law)
(a)
To seek justice or right from, by legal process; to institute process in law against; to bring an action against; to prosecute judicially.
(b)
To proceed with, as an action, and follow it up to its proper termination; to gain by legal process.

3.
(Falconry)
To clean, as the beak; -- said of a hawk.

4.
(Naut.)
To leave high and dry on shore; as, to sue a ship.
R. H. Dana, Jr.

To sue out (Law), to petition for and take out, or to apply for and obtain; as, to sue out a writ in chancery; to sue out a pardon for a criminal.


word: Sue₂
definition:
Sue

Sue
(?)
v. i.
1.
To seek by request; to make application; to petition; to entreat; to plead.

By adverse destiny constrained to sue
For counsel and redress, he sues to you.
Pope.

Caesar came to Rome to sue for the double honor of a triumph and the consulship.
C. Middleton.

The Indians were defeated and sued for peace.
Jefferson.

2.
(Law)
To prosecute; to make legal claim; to seek (for something) in law; as, to sue for damages.

3.
To woo; to pay addresses as a lover.
Massinger.

4.
(Naut.)
To be left high and dry on the shore, as a ship.
R. H. Dana, Jr.


word: Suede
definition:
Suede

Suede, Suède
(swād, swa̝d, or swâd)
n.
[F., Sweden.]
Swedish glove leather, -- usually made from lambskins tanned with willow bark. Also used adjectively; as, suede gloves; blue suede shoes.


word: Suet
definition:
Suet

Su"et
(?)
n.
[OE. suet, dim. fr. OF. seu, suif, F. suif, L. sebum.  Cf. Soap, Sebaceous.]
The fat and fatty tissues of an animal, especially the harder fat about the kidneys and loins in beef and mutton, which, when melted and freed from the membranes, forms tallow.


word: Suffer
definition:
Suffer

Suf"fer
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suffered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suffering.]
[OE. suffren, soffren, OF. sufrir, sofrir, F. souffrir, (assumed) LL. sofferire, for L. sufferre; sub under + ferre to bear, akin to E. bear. See Bear to support.]
1.
To feel, or endure, with pain, annoyance, etc.; to submit to with distress or grief; to undergo; as, to suffer pain of body, or grief of mind.

2.
To endure or undergo without sinking; to support; to sustain; to bear up under.

Our spirit and strength entire,
Strongly to suffer and support our pains.
Milton.

3.
To undergo; to be affected by; to sustain; to experience; as, most substances suffer a change when long exposed to air and moisture; to suffer loss or damage.

If your more ponderous and settled project
May suffer alteration.
Shak.

4.
To allow; to permit; not to forbid or hinder; to tolerate.

Thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbour, and not suffer sin upon him.
Lev. xix. 17.

I suffer them to enter and possess.
Milton.


word: Suffer₂
definition:
Suffer

Suf"fer
v. i.
1.
To feel or undergo pain of body or mind; to bear what is inconvenient; as, we suffer from pain, sickness, or sorrow; we suffer with anxiety.

O well for him whose will is strong!
He suffers, but he will not suffer long.
Tennyson.

2.
To undergo punishment; specifically, to undergo the penalty of death.

The father was first condemned to suffer upon a day appointed, and the son afterwards the day following.
Clarendon.

3.
To be injured; to sustain loss or damage.

Public business suffers by private infirmities.
Sir W. Temple.


word: Sufferable
definition:
Sufferable

Suf"fer*a*ble
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. souffrable.]
1.
Able to suffer or endure; patient.
[Obs.]
sufferable
Chaucer.

2.
That may be suffered, tolerated, or permitted; allowable; tolerable.


word: Sufferance
definition:
Sufferance

Suf"fer*ance
(?)
n.
[OE. suffrance, OF. sufrance, soufrance, F. souffrance, L. sufferentia, from sufferens, -entis, p. pr. of sufferre. See Suffer.]
1.
The state of suffering; the bearing of pain; endurance.

He must not only die the death,
But thy unkindness shall his death draw out
To lingering sufferance.
Shak.

2.
Pain endured; misery; suffering; distress.

The seeming sufferances that you had borne.
Shak.

3.
Loss; damage; injury.
[Obs.]

A grievous . . . sufferance on most part of their fleet.
Shak.

4.
Submission under difficult or oppressive circumstances; patience; moderation.
Chaucer.

But hasty heat tempering with sufferance wise.
Spenser.

5.
Negative consent by not forbidding or hindering; toleration; permission; allowance; leave.
Shak.

In their beginning they are weak and wan,
But soon, through sufferance, grow to fearful end.
Spenser.

Somewhiles by sufferance, and somewhiles by special leave and favor, they erected to themselves oratories.
Hooker.

6.
A permission granted by the customs authorities for the shipment of goods.
[Eng.]

Estate of sufferance (Law), the holding by a tenant who came in by a lawful title, but remains, after his right has expired, without positive leave of the owner. Blackstone. -- On sufferance, by mere toleration; as, to remain in a house on sufferance.


word: Sufferer
definition:
Sufferer

Suf"fer*er
(?)
n.
1.
One who suffers; one who endures or undergoes suffering; one who sustains inconvenience or loss; as, sufferers by poverty or sickness; men are sufferers by fire or by losses at sea.

2.
One who permits or allows.


word: Suffering
definition:
Suffering

Suf"fer*ing
n.
The bearing of pain, inconvenience, or loss; pain endured; distress, loss, or injury incurred; as, sufferings by pain or sorrow; sufferings by want or by wrongs.
sufferings
Keble.


word: Suffering₂
definition:
Suffering

Suf"fer*ing
a.
Being in pain or grief; having loss, injury, distress, etc.
Suf"fer*ing*ly, adv.


word: Suffice
definition:
Suffice

Suf*fice"
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Sufficed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sufficing (?).]
[OE. suffisen, OF. soufire, F. suffire (cf. suffisant, p. pr.), L. sufficere to put under, to substitute, to avail for, to suffice; sub under + facere to make. See Fact.]
To be enough, or sufficient; to meet the need (of anything); to be equal to the end proposed; to be adequate.
Chaucer.

To recount almighty works,
What words or tongue of seraph can suffice?
Milton.


word: Suffice₂
definition:
Suffice

Suf*fice"
v. t.
1.
To satisfy; to content; to be equal to the wants or demands of.
Spenser.

Let it suffice thee; speak no more unto me of this matter.
Deut. iii. 26.

2.
To furnish; to supply adequately.
[Obs.]

The power appeased, with winds sufficed the sail.
Dryden.


word: Sufficiency
definition:
Sufficiency

Suf*fi"cien*cy
(?)
n.
[L. sufficientia: cf. F. suffisance. See Suffice.]
1.
The quality or state of being sufficient, or adequate to the end proposed; adequacy.

His sufficiency is such that he bestows and possesses, his plenty being unexhausted.
Boyle.

2.
Qualification for any purpose; ability; capacity.

A substitute or most allowed sufficiency.
Shak.

I am not so confident of my own sufficiency as not willingly to admit the counsel of others.
Eikon Basilike.

3.
Adequate substance or means; competence.
sufficiency
Thomson.

4.
Supply equal to wants; ample stock or fund.

5.
Conceit; self-confidence; self-sufficiency.

Sufficiency is a compound of vanity and ignorance.
Sir W. Temple.


word: Sufficient
definition:
Sufficient

Suf*fi"cient
(?)
a.
[L. sufficiens, -entis, p. pr. of sufficere: cf. F. suffisant. See Suffice.]
1.
Equal to the end proposed; adequate to wants; enough; ample; competent; as, provision sufficient for the family; an army sufficient to defend the country.

My grace is sufficient for thee.
2 Cor. xii. 9.

2.
Possessing adequate talents or accomplishments; of competent power or ability; qualified; fit.

Who is sufficient for these things?
2 Cor. ii. 16.

3.
Capable of meeting obligations; responsible.

The man is, notwithstanding, sufficient . . . I think I may take his bond.
Shak.

4.
Self-sufficient; self-satisfied; content.
[R.]

Thou art the most sufficient (I'll say for thee),
Not to believe a thing.
Beau. & Fl.


word: Sufficiently
definition:
Sufficiently

Suf*fi"cient*ly
adv.
To a sufficient degree; to a degree that answers the purpose, or gives content; enough; as, we are sufficiently supplied with food; a man sufficiently qualified for the discharge of his official duties.


word: Sufficing
definition:
Sufficing

Suf*fi"cing
(?)
a.
Affording enough; satisfying.
Suf*fi"cing*ly, adv. -- Suf*fi"cing*ness, n.


word: Suffisance
definition:
Suffisance

Suf*fi"sance
(?)
n.
[F. See Sufficiency.]
Sufficiency; plenty; abundance; contentment.
[Obs.]

He could in little thing have suffisaunce.
Chaucer.


word: Suffix
definition:
Suffix

Suf"fix
(?)
n.
[L. suffixus, p. p. of suffigere to fasten on, to affix; sub under + figere to fix: cf. F. suffixe. See Fix.]
1.
A letter, letters, syllable, or syllables added or appended to the end of a word or a root to modify the meaning; a postfix.

2.
(Math.)
A subscript mark, number, or letter. See Subscript, a.


word: Suffix₂
definition:
Suffix

Suf*fix"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suffixed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suffixing.]
To add or annex to the end, as a letter or syllable to a word; to append.


word: Sufflaminate
definition:
Sufflaminate

Suf*flam"i*nate
(?)
v. t.
[L. sufflaminatus, p. p. of sufflaminare to hold back by a clog, from sufflamen a clog.]
1.
To retard the motion of, as a carriage, by preventing one or more of its wheels from revolving, either by means of a chain or otherwise.
[Obs.]

2.
Hence, to stop; to impede.
[Obs.]
Barrow.


word: Sufflate
definition:
Sufflate

Suf*flate"
(?)
v. t.
[L. sufflatus, p. p. of sufflare to blow up, inflate; sub under + flare to blow.]
To blow up; to inflate; to inspire.
[R.]
T. Ward.


word: Suffocate
definition:
Suffocate

Suf"fo*cate
(?)
a.
[L. suffocatus, p. p. of suffocare to choke; sub under + fauces the throat.  Cf. Faucal.]
Suffocated; choked.
Shak.


word: Suffocate₂
definition:
Suffocate

Suf"fo*cate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suffocated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suffocating.]
1.
To choke or kill by stopping respiration; to stifle; to smother.

Let not hemp his windpipe suffocate.
Shak.

2.
To destroy; to extinguish; as, to suffocate fire.


word: Suffocation
definition:
Suffocation

Suf`fo*ca"tion
(?)
n.
[L. suffocatio: cf. F. suffocation.]
The act of suffocating, or the state of being suffocated; death caused by smothering or choking.

&hand_; The term suffocation is sometimes employed synonymously with asphyxia. In the strict medico-legal sense it signifies asphyxia induced by obstruction of the respiration otherwise than by direct pressure on the neck (hanging, strangulation) or submersion (drowning).
Quain.


word: Suffossion
definition:
Suffossion

Suf*fos"sion
(?)
n.
[L. suffossio, from suffodere, suffossum, to dig under; sub under + fodere to dig.]
A digging under; an undermining.
[R.]
Bp. Hall.


word: Suffragan
definition:
Suffragan

Suf"fra*gan
(?)
a.
[F. suffragant, L. suffragans, p. pr. of suffragari to support with one's vote, to be favorable. See Suffrage.]
Assisting; assistant; as, a suffragan bishop.


word: Suffragan₂
definition:
Suffragan

Suf"fra*gan
(?)
n.
[F. suffragant: cf. LL. suffraganeus. See Suffragan, a.]
1.
An assistant.

2.
(Eccl.)
A bishop considered as an assistant, or as subject, to his metropolitan; an assistant bishop.


word: Suffragate
definition:
Suffragate

Suf"fra*gate
(?)
v. i. & t.
[imp. & p. p. Suffragated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suffragating.]
[L. suffragatus, p. p. of suffragari. See Suffragan, a.]
To vote or vote with.
[Obs.]
Suffragating
Dryden.


word: Suffrage
definition:
Suffrage

Suf"frage
(?)
n.
[F., fr. L. suffragium; perhaps originally, a broken piece, a potsherd, used in voting, and fr. sub under + the root of frangere to break. See Break.]
1.
A vote given in deciding a controverted question, or in the choice of a man for an office or trust; the formal expression of an opinion; assent; vote.

I ask your voices and your suffrages.
Shak.

2.
Testimony; attestation; witness; approval.

Lactantius and St. Austin confirm by their suffrage the observation made by heathen writers.
Atterbury.

Every miracle is the suffrage of Heaven to the truth of a doctrine.
South.

3.
(Eccl.)
(a)
A short petition, as those after the creed in matins and evensong.
(b)
A prayer in general, as one offered for the faithful departed.
Shipley.

I firmly believe that there is a purgatory, and that the souls therein detained are helped by the suffrages of the faithful.
Creed of Pope Pius IV.

4.
Aid; assistance.
[A Latinism]
[Obs.]

5.
The right to vote; franchise.


word: Suffragette
definition:
Suffragette

Suf`fra*gette"
n.
A woman who advocates the right to vote for women; a woman suffragist.
This term was applied mostly to women in the United States prior to the adoption of the 19th amendment to the constitution in 1920, giving women the right to vote.  Modern use of this term usually refers to the women who advocated female suffrage{5} in the years prior to 1920.


word: Suffraginous
definition:
Suffraginous

Suf*frag"i*nous
(?)
a.
[L. suffraginosus diseased in the hock, fr. suffrago the pastern, or hock.]
Of or pertaining to the hock of a beast.
[Obs.]


word: Suffragist
definition:
Suffragist

Suf"fra*gist
(?)
n.
1.
One who possesses or exercises the political right of suffrage; a voter.

2.
One who has certain opinions or desires about the political right of suffrage; as, a woman suffragist.

It is curious that . . . Louisa Castelefort should be obliged after her marriage immediately to open her doors and turn ultra liberal, or an universal suffragist.
Miss Edgeworth.


word: Suffrago
definition:
Suffrago

Suf*fra"go
(?)
n.
[L., the hock, from sub under + frangere to break.]
(Zool.)
The heel joint.


word: Suffrutescent
definition:
Suffrutescent

Suf`fru*tes"cent
(?)
a.
[Pref. suf- + frutescent.]
(Bot.)
Slightly woody at the base.


word: Suffruticose
definition:
Suffruticose

Suf*fru"ti*cose`
(?)
a.
[Pref. suf- + fruticose.]
(Bot.)
Woody in the lower part of the stem, but with the yearly branches herbaceous, as sage, thyme, hyssop, and the like.


word: Suffumigate
definition:
Suffumigate

Suf*fu"mi*gate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suffumigated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suffumigating.]
[L. suffumigatus, p. p. of suffumigare to fumigate from below. See Sub-, and Fumigate.]
To apply fumes or smoke to the parts of, as to the body in medicine; to fumigate in part.


word: Suffumigation
definition:
Suffumigation

Suf*fu`mi*ga"tion
(?)
n.
[L. suffumigatio: cf. F. suffumigation.]
The operation of suffumigating.


word: Suffuse
definition:
Suffuse

Suf*fuse"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suffused (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suffusing.]
[L. suffusus, p. p. of suffundere to overspread; sub under + fundere to pour. See Fuse to melt.]
To overspread, as with a fluid or tincture; to fill or cover, as with something fluid; as, eyes suffused with tears; cheeks suffused with blushes.

When purple light shall next suffuse the skies.
Pope.


word: Suffusion
definition:
Suffusion

Suf*fu"sion
(?)
n.
[L. suffusio: cf. F. suffusion.]
1.
The act or process of suffusing, or state of being suffused; an overspreading.

To those that have the jaundice, or like suffusion of eyes, objects appear of that color.
Ray.

2.
That with which a thing is suffused.

3.
(Zool.)
A blending of one color into another; the spreading of one color over another, as on the feathers of birds.


word: Sufi
definition:
Sufi

Su"fi
(?)
n.
[From the name of a dynasty of Persian kings, Safī, Safavī; said to come from name Safī-ud-dīn of an ancestor of the family, confused with s_;fī pious.]
A title or surname of the king of Persia.


word: Sufi₂
definition:
Sufi

Su"fi
n.
[Ar. & Per. s_;fī, wise, pious, devout.]
One of a certain order of religious men in Persia.
[Written also sofi.]


word: Sufism
definition:
Sufism

Su"fism
(?)
n.
A refined mysticism among certain classes of Mohammedans, particularly in Persia, who hold to a kind of pantheism and practice extreme asceticism in their lives.
[Written also sofism.]


word: Sugar
definition:
Sugar

Sug"ar
(?)
n.
[OE. sugre, F. sucre (cf. It. zucchero, Sp. azúcar), fr. Ar. sukkar, assukkar, fr. Skr. çarkarā sugar, gravel; cf. Per. shakar.  Cf. Saccharine, Sucrose.]
1.
A sweet white (or brownish yellow) crystalline substance, of a sandy or granular consistency, obtained by crystallizing the evaporated juice of certain plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar maple, etc. It is used for seasoning and preserving many kinds of food and drink. Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose. See the Note below.

&hand_; The term sugar includes several commercial grades, as the white or refined, granulated, loaf or lump, and the raw brown or muscovado. In a more general sense, it includes several distinct chemical compounds, as the glucoses, or grape sugars (including glucose proper, dextrose, and levulose), and the sucroses, or true sugars (as cane sugar). All sugars are carbohydrates. See Carbohydrate.
    The glucoses, or grape sugars, are ketone alcohols of the formula C6H12O6, and they turn the plane of polarization to the right or the left. They are produced from the amyloses and sucroses, as by the action of heat and acids of ferments, and are themselves decomposed by fermentation into alcohol and carbon dioxide. The only sugar (called acrose) as yet produced artificially belongs to this class. The sucroses, or cane sugars, are doubled glucose anhydrides of the formula C12H22O11. They are usually not fermentable as such (cf. Sucrose), and they act on polarized light.

2.
By extension, anything resembling sugar in taste or appearance; as, sugar of lead (lead acetate), a poisonous white crystalline substance having a sweet taste.

3.
Compliment or flattery used to disguise or render acceptable something obnoxious; honeyed or soothing words.
[Colloq.]

Acorn sugar. See Quercite. -- Cane sugar, sugar made from the sugar cane; sucrose, or an isomeric sugar. See Sucrose. -- Diabetes sugar, or Diabetic sugar (Med. Chem.), a variety of sugar (grape sugar or dextrose) excreted in the urine in diabetes mellitus; -- the presence of such a sugar in the urine is used to diagnose the illness. -- Fruit sugar. See under Fruit, and Fructose. -- Grape sugar, a sirupy or white crystalline sugar (dextrose or glucose) found as a characteristic ingredient of ripe grapes, and also produced from many other sources. See Dextrose, and Glucose. -- Invert sugar. See under Invert. -- Malt sugar, a variety of sugar isomeric with sucrose, found in malt. See Maltose. -- Manna sugar, a substance found in manna, resembling, but distinct from, the sugars. See Mannite. -- Milk sugar, a variety of sugar characteristic of fresh milk, and isomeric with sucrose. See Lactose. -- Muscle sugar, a sweet white crystalline substance isomeric with, and formerly regarded to, the glucoses.  It is found in the tissue of muscle, the heart, liver, etc. Called also heart sugar. See Inosite. -- Pine sugar. See Pinite. -- Starch sugar (Com. Chem.), a variety of dextrose made by the action of heat and acids on starch from corn, potatoes, etc.; -- called also potato sugar, corn sugar, and, inaccurately, invert sugar. See Dextrose, and Glucose. -- Sugar barek, one who refines sugar. -- Sugar beet (Bot.), a variety of beet (Beta vulgaris) with very large white roots, extensively grown, esp. in Europe, for the sugar obtained from them. -- Sugar berry (Bot.), the hackberry. -- Sugar bird (Zool.), any one of several species of small South American singing birds of the genera Coereba, Dacnis, and allied genera belonging to the family Coerebidae. They are allied to the honey eaters. -- Sugar bush. See Sugar orchard. -- Sugar camp, a place in or near a sugar orchard, where maple sugar is made. -- Sugar candian, sugar candy. [Obs.] -- Sugar candy, sugar clarified and concreted or crystallized; candy made from sugar. -- Sugar cane (Bot.), a tall perennial grass (Saccharum officinarium), with thick short-jointed stems. It has been cultivated for ages as the principal source of sugar. -- Sugar loaf. (a) A loaf or mass of refined sugar, usually in the form of a truncated cone. (b) A hat shaped like a sugar loaf.
[1913 Webster]
Why, do not or know you, grannam, and that sugar loaf? J. Webster.
[1913 Webster]
-- Sugar maple (Bot.), the rock maple (Acer saccharinum). See Maple. -- Sugar mill, a machine for pressing out the juice of the sugar cane, usually consisting of three or more rollers, between which the cane is passed. -- Sugar mite. (Zool.) (a) A small mite (Tyroglyphus sacchari), often found in great numbers in unrefined sugar. (b) The lepisma. -- Sugar of lead. See Sugar, 2, above. -- Sugar of milk. See under Milk. -- Sugar orchard, a collection of maple trees selected and preserved for purpose of obtaining sugar from them; -- called also, sometimes, sugar bush. [U.S.] Bartlett. -- Sugar pine (Bot.), an immense coniferous tree (Pinus Lambertiana) of California and Oregon, furnishing a soft and easily worked timber. The resinous exudation from the stumps, etc., has a sweetish taste, and has been used as a substitute for sugar. -- Sugar squirrel (Zool.), an Australian flying phalanger (Belideus sciureus), having a long bushy tail and a large parachute. It resembles a flying squirrel. See Illust. under Phlanger. -- Sugar tongs, small tongs, as of silver, used at table for taking lumps of sugar from a sugar bowl. -- Sugar tree. (Bot.) See Sugar maple, above.


word: Sugar₂
definition:
Sugar

Sug"ar
(?)
v. i.
In making maple sugar, to complete the process of boiling down the sirup till it is thick enough to crystallize; to approach or reach the state of granulation; -- with the preposition off.
[Local, U.S.]


word: Sugar₃
definition:
Sugar

Sug"ar
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sugared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sugaring.]
1.
To impregnate, season, cover, or sprinkle with sugar; to mix sugar with.
sugar
G. Eliot.

2.
To cover with soft words; to disguise by flattery; to compliment; to sweeten; as, to sugar reproof.

With devotion's visage
And pious action we do sugar o'er
The devil himself.
Shak.


word: Sugar-house
definition:
Sugar-house

Sug"ar-house`
(?)
n.
A building in which sugar is made or refined; a sugar manufactory.


word: Sugaring
definition:
Sugaring

Sug"ar*ing
n.
1.
The act of covering or sweetening with sugar; also, the sugar thus used.

2.
The act or process of making sugar.


word: Sugary
definition:
Sugary

Sug"ar*y
(?)
a.
1.
Resembling or containing sugar; tasting of sugar; sweet.
Spenser.

2.
Fond of sugar or sweet things; as, a sugary palate.


word: Suggest
definition:
Suggest

Sug*gest"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suggested (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suggesting.]
[L. suggestus, p. p. of suggerere to put under, furnish, suggest; sub under + gerere to carry, to bring. See Jest.]
1.
To introduce indirectly to the thoughts; to cause to be thought of, usually by the agency of other objects.

Some ideas . . . are suggested to the mind by all the ways of sensation and reflection.
Locke.

2.
To propose with difference or modesty; to hint; to intimate; as, to suggest a difficulty.

3.
To seduce; to prompt to evil; to tempt.
[Obs.]

Knowing that tender youth is soon suggested.
Shak.

4.
To inform secretly.
[Obs.]


word: Suggest₂
definition:
Suggest

Sug*gest"
v. i.
To make suggestions; to tempt.
[Obs.]

And ever weaker grows through acted crime,
Or seeming-genial, venial fault,
Recurring and suggesting still.
Tennyson.


word: Suggestion
definition:
Suggestion

Sug*ges"tion
(?)
n.
[F. suggestion, L. suggestio.]
1.
The act of suggesting; presentation of an idea.

2.
That which is suggested; an intimation; an insinuation; a hint; a different proposal or mention; also, formerly, a secret incitement; temptation.

Why do I yield to that suggestion?
Shak.

3.
Charge; complaint; accusation.
[Obs.]
suggestion
Chaucer.

4.
(Law)
Information without oath; an entry of a material fact or circumstance on the record for the information of the court, at the death or insolvency of a party.

5.
(Physiol. & Metaph.)
The act or power of originating or recalling ideas or relations, distinguished as original and relative; -- a term much used by Scottish metaphysicians from Hutcherson to Thomas Brown.

6.
(Hypnotism)
The control of the mind of an hypnotic subject by ideas in the mind of the hypnotizer.

Willing to wound, and yet afraid to strike,
Just hint a fault, and hesitate dislike.
Pope.

Arthur, whom they say is killed to-night
On your suggestion.
Shak.


word: Suggestive
definition:
Suggestive

Sug*gest"ive
(?)
a.
Containing a suggestion, hint, or intimation.
Sug*gest"ive*ly, adv. -- Sug*gest"ive*ness, n.


word: Suggestive medicine
definition:
Suggestive medicine

Sug*gest"ive med"i*cine
(?)
Treatment by commands or positive statements addressed to a more or less hypnotized patient.


word: Suggestment
definition:
Suggestment

Sug*gest"ment
(?)
n.
Suggestion.
[R.]

They fancy that every thought must needs have an immediate outward suggestment.
Hare.


word: Suggil
definition:
Suggil

Sug"gil
(?)
v. t.
[L. suggillare, sugillare, suggillatum, sugillatum, literally, to beat black and blue.]
To defame.
[Obs.]
Abp. Parker.


word: Suggillation
definition:
Suggillation

Sug`gil*la"tion
(?)
n.
[L. suggillatio: cf. F. suggillation.]
A livid, or black and blue, mark; a blow; a bruise.


word: Suicidal
definition:
Suicidal

Su"i*ci`dal
(?)
a.
Partaking of, or of the nature of, the crime or suicide.
Su"i*ci`dal*ly, adv.


word: Suicide
definition:
Suicide

Su"i*cide
(?)
n.
[L. sui of one's self (akin to suus one's own) + caedere to slay, to kill.  Cf. So, adv., Homicide.]
1.
The act of taking one's own life voluntary and intentionally; self-murder; specifically (Law), the felonious killing of one's self; the deliberate and intentional destruction of one's own life by a person of years of discretion and of sound mind.

2.
One guilty of self-murder; a felo-de-se.

3.
Ruin of one's own interests.
suicide
V. Knox.


word: Suillage
definition:
Suillage

Su"il*lage
(?)
n.
[OF. souillage, soillage, fr. souiller, soiller. See Soil to stain, and cf. Sullage.]
A drain or collection of filth.
[Obs.]
[Written also sulliage, and sullage.]
Sir H. Wotton.


word: Suilline
definition:
Suilline

Su"il*line
(?)
a.
[L. sus hog.]
(Zool.)
Of or pertaining to a hog or the Hog family (Suidae).


word: Suine
definition:
Suine

Su"ine
(?)
n.
[Cf. Suint.]
A mixture of oleomargarine with lard or other fatty ingredients. It is used as a substitute for butter. See Butterine.


word: Suing
definition:
Suing

Su"ing
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. suer to sweat, L. sudare.]
The process of soaking through anything.
[Obs.]
Bacon.


word: Suint
definition:
Suint

Su"int
(sū"ĭnt)
n.
[F.]
(Chem.)
A peculiar substance obtained from the wool of sheep, consisting largely of potash mixed with fatty and earthy matters. It is used as a source of potash and also for the manufacture of gas.


word: Suiogoths
definition:
Suiogoths

Su`i*o*goths"
(?)
n. pl.
[L. Suiones (a Teutonic tribe in what is now Sweeden) + E. Goth.]
The Scandinavian Goths. See the Note under Goths.


word: Suist
definition:
Suist

Su"ist
n.
[L. suus belinging to himself or to one's self.]
One who seeks for things which gratify merely himself; a selfish person; a selfist.
[R.]
Whitlock.


word: Suit
definition:
Suit

Suit
(sūt)
n.
[OE. suite, F. suite, OF. suite, sieute, fr. suivre to follow, OF. sivre; perhaps influenced by L. secta. See Sue to follow, and cf. Sect, Suite.]
1.
The act of following or pursuing, as game; pursuit.
[Obs.]

2.
The act of suing; the process by which one endeavors to gain an end or an object; an attempt to attain a certain result; pursuit; endeavor.

Thenceforth the suit of earthly conquest shone.
Spenser.

3.
The act of wooing in love; the solicitation of a woman in marriage; courtship.

Rebate your loves, each rival suit suspend,
Till this funereal web my labors end.
Pope.

4.
(Law)
The attempt to gain an end by legal process; an action or process for the recovery of a right or claim; legal application to a court for justice; prosecution of right before any tribunal; as, a civil suit; a criminal suit; a suit in chancery.

I arrest thee at the suit of Count Orsino.
Shak.

In England the several suits, or remedial instruments of justice, are distinguished into three kinds -- actions personal, real, and mixed.
Blackstone.

5.
That which follows as a retinue; a company of attendants or followers; the assembly of persons who attend upon a prince, magistrate, or other person of distinction; -- often written suite, and pronounced swēt.

6.
Things that follow in a series or succession; the individual objects, collectively considered, which constitute a series, as of rooms, buildings, compositions, etc.; -- often written suite, and pronounced swēt.

7.
A number of things used together, and generally necessary to be united in order to answer their purpose; a number of things ordinarily classed or used together; a set; as, a suit of curtains; a suit of armor; a suit of clothes; a three-piece business suit.
suits
Shak.

8.
(Playing Cards)
One of the four sets of cards which constitute a pack; -- each set consisting of thirteen cards bearing a particular emblem, as hearts, spades, clubs, or diamonds; also, the members of each such suit held by a player in certain games, such as bridge; as, hearts were her long suit.

To deal and shuffle, to divide and sort
Her mingled suits and sequences.
Cowper.

9.
Regular order; succession.
[Obs.]

Every five and thirty years the same kind and suit of weather comes again.
Bacon.

10.
Hence: (derived from def 7)
Someone who dresses in a business suit, as contrasted with more informal attire;
specifically,
a person, such as business executive, or government official, who is apt to view a situation formalistically, bureaucratically, or according to formal procedural criteria; -- used derogatively for one who is inflexible, esp. when a more humanistic or imaginative approach would be appropriate.

Out of suits, having no correspondence. [Obs.] Shak. -- Suit and service (Feudal Law), the duty of feudatories to attend the courts of their lords or superiors in time of peace, and in war to follow them and do military service; -- called also suit service. Blackstone. -- Suit broker, one who made a trade of obtaining the suits of petitioners at court. [Obs.] -- Suit court (O. Eng. Law), the court in which tenants owe attendance to their lord. -- Suit covenant (O. Eng. Law), a covenant to sue at a certain court. -- Suit custom (Law), a service which is owed from time immemorial. -- Suit service. (Feudal Law) See Suit and service, above. -- To bring suit. (Law) (a) To bring secta, followers or witnesses, to prove the plaintiff's demand. [Obs.] (b) In modern usage, to institute an action. -- To follow suit. (a) (Card Playing) See under Follow, v. t. (b) To mimic the action of another person; to perform an action similar to what has preceded; as, when she walked in, John left the room and his wife followed suit. -- long suit (a) (Card Playing) the suit{8} of which a player has the largest number of cards in his hand; as, his long suit was clubs, but his partner insisted on making hearts trumps.. Hence: [fig.] that quality or capability which is a person's best asset; as, we could see from the mess in his room that neatness was not his long suit. -- strong suit same as long suit, (b). “I think our strong suit is that we can score from both the perimeter and the post.” Bill Disbrow (basketball coach) 1998.  “Rigid ideological consistency has never been a strong suit of the Whole Earth Catalogue.” Bruce Sterling (The Hacker Crackdown, 1994)


word: Suit₂
definition:
Suit

Suit
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suited; p. pr. & vb. n. Suiting.]
1.
To fit; to adapt; to make proper or suitable; as, to suit the action to the word.
Shak.

2.
To be fitted to; to accord with; to become; to befit.

Ill suits his cloth the praise of railing well.
Dryden.

Raise her notes to that sublime degree
Which suits song of piety and thee.
Prior.

3.
To dress; to clothe.
[Obs.]

So went he suited to his watery tomb.
Shak.

4.
To please; to make content; as, he is well suited with his place; to suit one's taste.


word: Suit₃
definition:
Suit

Suit
v. i.
To agree; to accord; to be fitted; to correspond; -- usually followed by with or to.

The place itself was suiting to his care.
Dryden.

Give me not an office
That suits with me so ill.
Addison.


word: Suitable
definition:
Suitable

Suit"a*ble
(?)
a.
Capable of suiting; fitting; accordant; proper; becoming; agreeable; adapted; as, ornaments suitable to one's station; language suitable for the subject.
Suit"a*ble*ness, n. -- Suit"a*bly, adv.


word: Suite
definition:
Suite

Suite
(?)
n.
[F. See Suit, n.]
1.
A retinue or company of attendants, as of a distinguished personage; as, the suite of an ambassador. See Suit, n., 5.

2.
A connected series or succession of objects; a number of things used or clessed together; a set; as, a suite of rooms; a suite of minerals. See Suit, n., 6.

Mr. Barnard took one of the candles that stood upon the king's table, and lighted his majesty through a suite of rooms till they came to a private door into the library.
Boswell.

3.
(Mus.)
One of the old musical forms, before the time of the more compact sonata, consisting of a string or series of pieces all in the same key, mostly in various dance rhythms, with sometimes an elaborate prelude. Some composers of the present day affect the suite form.


word: Suitor
definition:
Suitor

Suit"or
(?)
n.
1.
One who sues, petitions, or entreats; a petitioner; an applicant.

She hath been a suitor to me for her brother.
Shak.

2.
Especially, one who solicits a woman in marriage; a wooer; a lover.
Sir P. Sidney.

3.
(a)
(Law)
One who sues or prosecutes a demand in court; a party to a suit, as a plaintiff, petitioner, etc.
(b)
(O. Eng. Law)
One who attends a court as plaintiff, defendant, petitioner, appellant, witness, juror, or the like.


word: Suji
definition:
Suji

Su"ji
(?)
n.
[Hind. s_;fī.]
Indian wheat, granulated but not pulverized; a kind of semolina.
[Written also soojee.]


word: Sula
definition:
Sula

Su"la
(?)
n.
[NL., fr. Icel. s_;la the gannet. See Solan goose.]
(Zool.)
A genus of sea birds including the booby and the common gannet.


word: Sulcated
definition:
Sulcated

Sulcate

{ Sul"cate (?), Sul"ca*ted (?), }
a.
[L. sulcatus, p. p. of sulcare to furrow, fr. sulcus a furrow.]
Scored with deep and regular furrows; furrowed or grooved; as, a sulcated stem.


word: Suleah fish
definition:
Suleah fish

Su"le*ah fish`
(?)
(Zool.)
A coarse fish of India, used in making a breakfast relish called burtah.


word: Sulkiness
definition:
Sulkiness

Sulk"i*ness
n.
[For sulkenness, fr. AS. solcen slothful, remiss, in āsolcen, besolcen, properly p. p. of sealcan in āsealcan to be weak or slothful; of uncertain origin.]
The quality or state of being sulky; sullenness; moroseness; as, sulkiness of disposition.


word: Sulks
definition:
Sulks

Sulks
(?)
n. pl.
The condition of being sulky; a sulky mood or humor; as, to be in the sulks.


word: Sulky
definition:
Sulky

Sulk"y
(?)
a.
[Compar. Sulkier (?); superl. Sulkiest.]
[See Sulkiness, and cf. Sulky, n.]
Moodly silent; sullen; sour; obstinate; morose; splenetic.


word: Sulky₂
definition:
Sulky

Sulk"y
n.
pl. Sulkies (#).
[From Sulky, a.; -- so called from the owner's desire of riding alone.]
A light two-wheeled carriage for a single person.

&hand_; Sulky is used adjectively in the names of several agricultural machines drawn by horses to denote that the machine is provided with wheels and a seat for the driver; as, sulky plow; sulky harrow; sulky rake, etc.


word: Sull
definition:
Sull

Sull
(?)
n.
[AS. suluh, sulh, a plow; cf. OHG. suohili a little plow.]
A plow.
[Obs.]
Ainsworth.


word: Sullage
definition:
Sullage

Sul"lage
(?)
n.
[Cf. Suillage, Sulliage.]
1.
Drainage of filth; filth collected from the street or highway; sewage.
[Obs.]

The streets were exceedingly large, well paved, having many vaults and conveyances under them for sullage.
Evelyn.

2.
That which sullies or defiles.
[Obs.]

It is the privilege of the celestial luminaries to receive no tincture, sullage, or difilement from the most noisome sinks and dunghills here below.
South.

3.
(Founding)
The scoria on the surface of molten metal in the ladle.

4.
(Hydraul. Engin.)
Silt; mud deposited by water.

Sullage piece (Founding), the sprue of a casting. See Sprue, n., 1 (b).


word: Sullen
definition:
Sullen

Sul"len
(?)
a.
[OE. solein, solain, lonely, sullen; through Old French fr. (assumed) LL. solanus solitary, fr. L. solus alone. See Sole, a.]
1.
Lonely; solitary; desolate.
[Obs.]
Wyclif (Job iii. 14).

2.
Gloomy; dismal; foreboding.
Milton.

Solemn hymns so sullen dirges change.
Shak.

3.
Mischievous; malignant; unpropitious.

Such sullen planets at my birth did shine.
Dryden.

4.
Gloomily angry and silent; cross; sour; affected with ill humor; morose.

And sullen I forsook the imperfect feast.
Prior.

5.
Obstinate; intractable.

Things are as sullen as we are.
Tillotson.

6.
Heavy; dull; sluggish.
sullen
Sir W. Scott.

No cheerful breeze this sullen region knows;
The dreaded east is all the wind that blows.
Pope.


word: Sullen₂
definition:
Sullen

Sul"len
n.
1.
One who is solitary, or lives alone; a hermit.
[Obs.]
Piers Plowman.

2.
pl.
Sullen feelings or manners; sulks; moroseness; as, to have the sullens.
[Obs.]
Shak.


word: Sullen₃
definition:
Sullen

Sul"len
v. t.
To make sullen or sluggish.
[Obs.]

Sullens the whole body with . . . laziness.
Feltham.


word: Sullevate
definition:
Sullevate

Sul"le*vate
(?)
v. t.
[L. sublevare to raise up.  Cf. Sublevation.]
To rouse; to excite.
[Obs.]
Daniel.


word: Sulliage
definition:
Sulliage

Sul"li*age
(?)
n.
[Cf. Sullage, Suillage, or Sully, v. t.]
Foulness; filth.
[Obs.]

Though we wipe away with never so much care the dirt thrown at us, there will be left some sulliage behind.
Gov. of Tongue.


word: Sully
definition:
Sully

Sul"ly
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sullied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sullying (?).]
[OE. sulien, AS. sylian, fr. sol mire; akin to G. suhle mire, sich, sühlen to wallow, Sw. söla to bemire, Dan. söle, Goth. bisaulijan to defile.]
To soil; to dirty; to spot; to tarnish; to stain; to darken; -- used literally and figuratively; as, to sully a sword; to sully a person's reputation.

Statues sullied yet with sacrilegious smoke.
Roscommon.

No spots to sully the brightness of this solemnity.
Atterbury.


word: Sully₂
definition:
Sully

Sul"ly
v. i.
To become soiled or tarnished.

Silvering will sully and canker more than gilding.
Bacon.


word: Sully₃
definition:
Sully

Sul"ly
n.
pl. Sullies (_;).
Soil; tarnish; stain.

A noble and triumphant merit breaks through little spots and sullies in his reputation.
Spectator.


word: Sulphacid
definition:
Sulphacid

Sulph*ac"id
(?)
n.
[Sulpho- + acid.]
(Chem.)
An acid in which, to a greater or less extent, sulphur plays a part analogous to that of oxygen in an oxyacid; thus, thiosulphuric and sulpharsenic acids are sulphacids; -- called also sulphoacid. See the Note under Acid, n., 2.


word: Sulphamic
definition:
Sulphamic

Sulph*am"ic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of or pertaining to a sulphamide; derived from, or related to, a sulphamide; specifically, designating an amido acid derivative, NH2.SO2.OH, of sulphuric acid (analogous to sulphonic acid) which is not known in the free state, but is known in its salts.


word: Sulphamide
definition:
Sulphamide

Sulph*am"ide
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
Any one of a series of amido compounds obtained by treating sulphuryl chloride with various amines.


word: Sulphanilic
definition:
Sulphanilic

Sulph`a*nil"ic
(?)
a.
[From sulphuric + anilene.]
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, an anilene sulphonic acid which is obtained as a white crystalline substance.


word: Sulphantimonic
definition:
Sulphantimonic

Sulph*an`ti*mon"ic
(?)
a.
[Sulpho- + antimonic.]
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of antimony (called also thioantimonic acid) analogous to sulpharsenic acid.


word: Sulphantimonious
definition:
Sulphantimonious

Sulph*an`ti*mo"ni*ous
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of antimony (called also thioantimonious acid) analogous to sulpharsenious acid.


word: Sulpharsenic
definition:
Sulpharsenic

Sulph`ar*sen"ic
(?)
a.
[Sulpho- + arsenic.]
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid (called also thioarsenic acid) analogous to arsenic acid, and known only in its salts.


word: Sulpharsenious
definition:
Sulpharsenious

Sulph`ar*se"ni*ous
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid (called also thioarsenious acid) analogous to arsenious acid, and known only in its salts.


word: Sulphate
definition:
Sulphate

Sul"phate
(?)
n.
[NL. sulphas, sulphatis, fr. L. sulphur, sulfur, brimstone, sulphur: cf. F. sulfate.]
(Chem.)
A salt of sulphuric acid.


word: Sulphatic
definition:
Sulphatic

Sul*phat"ic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, resembling, or containing, a sulphate or sulphates.


word: Sulphato-
definition:
Sulphato-

Sul"pha*to-
(?)
(Chem.)
A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting a sulphate as an ingredient in certain double salts; as, sulphato-carbonate.
[R.]


word: Sulphauric
definition:
Sulphauric

Sulph*au"ric
(?)
a.
[Sulpho- + aurum.]
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of gold (aurum), known only in its salts.


word: Sulphide
definition:
Sulphide

Sul"phide
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A binary compound of sulphur, or one so regarded; -- formerly called sulphuret.

Double sulphide (Chem.), a compound of two sulphides. -- Hydrogen sulphide. (Chem.) See under Hydrogen. -- Metallic sulphide, a binary compound of sulphur with a metal.


word: Sulphindigotic
definition:
Sulphindigotic

Sulph*in`di*got"ic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphonic acid obtained, as a blue solution, by dissolving indigo in sulphuric acid; -- formerly called also cerulic sulphuric acid, but properly called indigo-disulphonic acid.


word: Sulphine
definition:
Sulphine

Sul"phine
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
Any one of a series of basic compounds which consist essentially of sulphur united with hydrocarbon radicals. In general they are oily or crystalline deliquescent substances having a peculiar odor; as, trimethyl sulphine, (CH3)3S.OH.  Cf. Sulphonium.


word: Sulphinic
definition:
Sulphinic

Sul*phin"ic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, any one of a series of acids regarded as acid ethereal salts of hyposulphurous acid; as, methyl sulphinic acid, CH3.SO.OH, a thick unstable liquid.


word: Sulphinide
definition:
Sulphinide

Sul"phi*nide
(?)
n.
[Sulpho- + amine + anhydride.]
(Chem.)
A white or yellowish crystalline substance, C6H4.(SO2.CO).NH, produced artificially by the oxidation of a sulphamic derivative of toluene. It is the sweetest substance known, having over two hundred times the sweetening power of sugar, and is known in commerce under the name of saccharine. It has acid properties and forms salts (which are inaccurately called saccharinates).
I. Remsen.


word: Sulphion
definition:
Sulphion

Sul"phi*on
(?)
n.
[Sulpho- + ion.]
(Chem.)
A hypothetical radical, SO4, regarded as forming the acid or negative constituent of sulphuric acid and the sulphates in electrolytic decomposition; -- so called in accordance with the binary theory of salts.
[Written also sulphione.]


word: Sulphionide
definition:
Sulphionide

Sulph*i"on*ide
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A binary compound of sulphion, or one so regarded; thus, sulphuric acid, H2SO4, is a sulphionide.


word: Sulphite
definition:
Sulphite

Sul"phite
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. sulfite. See Sulphur.]
1.
(Chem.)
A salt of sulphurous acid; -- called also sulfite.

2.
A person who is spontaneous and original in his habits of thought and conversation.
[Archaic Slang]
Sul*phit"ic (#), a. [Slang]
A sulphite is a person who does his own thinking, he is a person who has surprises up his sleeve. He is explosive.
Gelett Burgess.


word: Sulpho-
definition:
Sulpho-

Sul"pho-
(?)
(Chem.)
A prefix (also used adjectively) designating sulphur as an ingredient in certain compounds.  Cf. Thio-.


word: Sulphoarsenic
definition:
Sulphoarsenic

Sul`pho*ar*sen"ic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or containing, sulphur and arsenic; -- said of an acid which is the same as arsenic acid with the substitution of sulphur for oxygen.


word: Sulphocarbonate
definition:
Sulphocarbonate

Sul`pho*car"bon*ate
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A salt of sulphocarbonic acid; a thiocarbonate.


word: Sulphocarbonic
definition:
Sulphocarbonic

Sul`pho*car*bon"ic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphacid, H2CSO2 (called also thiocarbonic acid), or an acid, H2CS3, analogous to carbonic acid, obtained as a yellow oily liquid of a pungent odor, and forming salts.


word: Sulphocyanate
definition:
Sulphocyanate

Sul`pho*cy"a*nate
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A salt of sulphocyanic acid; -- also called thiocyanate, and formerly inaccurately sulphocyanide.

Ferric sulphocyanate (Chem.), a dark red crystalline substance usually obtained in a blood-red solution, and recognized as a test for ferric iron.


word: Sulphocyanic
definition:
Sulphocyanic

Sul`pho*cy*an"ic
(?)
a.
[See Sulphur, Cyanic.]
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, derived from, or designating, a sulphacid, HSCN, analogous to cyanic acid, and obtained as a colorless deliquescent crystalline substance, having a bitter saline taste, and not poisonous.


word: Sulphonal
definition:
Sulphonal

Sul"pho*nal
(?)
n.
(Med.)
A substance employed as a hypnotic, produced by the union of mercaptan and acetone.


word: Sulphone
definition:
Sulphone

Sul"phone
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
Any one of a series of compounds analogous to the ketones, and consisting of the sulphuryl group united with two hydrocarbon radicals; as, dimethyl sulphone, (CH_;)_;.SO_;.


word: Sulphonic
definition:
Sulphonic

Sul*phon"ic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, a sulphone; -- used specifically to designate any one of a series of acids (regarded as acid ethereal salts of sulphurous acid) obtained by the oxidation of the mercaptans, or by treating sulphuric acid with certain aromatic bases (as benzene); as, phenyl sulphonic acid, C6H5.SO2.OH, a stable colorless crystalline substance.

Sulphonic group (Chem.), the hypothetical radical, SO2.OH, the characteristic residue of sulphonic acids.


word: Sulphonium
definition:
Sulphonium

Sul*pho"ni*um
(?)
n.
[Sulphur + ammonium.]
(Chem.)
A hypothetical radical, SH3, regarded as the type and nucleus of the sulphines.


word: Sulphophosphoric
definition:
Sulphophosphoric

Sul`pho*phos*phor"ic
(?)
a.
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of phosphorus, analogous to phosphoric acid, and known in its salts.


word: Sulphophosphorous
definition:
Sulphophosphorous

Sul`pho*phos"phor*ous
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical acid of phosphorus, analogous to phosphorous acid, and known in its salts.


word: Sulphostannic
definition:
Sulphostannic

Sul`pho*stan"nic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphacid of tin (more exactly called metasulphostannic acid), which is obtained as a dark brown amorphous substance, H_;SnS_;, forming a well-known series of salts.


word: Sulphotungstic
definition:
Sulphotungstic

Sul`pho*tung"stic
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, hypothetical sulphacid of tungsten (called also sulphowolframic acid), analogous to sulphuric acid, and known in its salts.


word: Sulphovinic
definition:
Sulphovinic

Sul`pho*vin"ic
(?)
a.
[Sulpho- + vinum wine: cf. F. sulfovinique.]
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, and formerly designating, ethylsulphuric acid.


word: Sulphur
definition:
Sulphur

Sul"phur
(?)
n.
[L., better sulfur: cf. F. soufre.]
1.
(Chem.)
A nonmetallic element occurring naturally in large quantities, either combined as in the sulphides (as pyrites) and sulphates (as gypsum), or native in volcanic regions, in vast beds mixed with gypsum and various earthy materials, from which it is melted out. Symbol S. Atomic weight 32. The specific gravity of ordinary octohedral sulphur is 2.05; of prismatic sulphur, 1.96.

&hand_; It is purified by distillation, and is obtained as a lemon-yellow powder (by sublimation), called flour, or flowers, of sulphur, or in cast sticks called roll sulphur, or brimstone. It burns with a blue flame and a peculiar suffocating odor. It is an ingredient of gunpowder, is used on friction matches, and in medicine (as a laxative and insecticide), but its chief use is in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Sulphur can be obtained in two crystalline modifications, in orthorhombic octahedra, or in monoclinic prisms, the former of which is the more stable at ordinary temperatures. Sulphur is the type, in its chemical relations, of a group of elements, including selenium and tellurium, called collectively the sulphur group, or family. In many respects sulphur resembles oxygen.

2.
(Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of yellow or orange butterflies of the subfamily Pierinae; as, the clouded sulphur (Eurymus philodice syn. Colias philodice), which is the common yellow butterfly of the Eastern United States.

Amorphous sulphur (Chem.), an elastic variety of sulphur of a resinous appearance, obtained by pouring melted sulphur into water. On standing, it passes back into a brittle crystalline modification. -- Liver of sulphur. (Old Chem.) See Hepar. -- Sulphur acid. (Chem.) See Sulphacid. -- Sulphur alcohol. (Chem.) See Mercaptan. -- Sulphur auratum [L.] (Old Chem.), a golden yellow powder, consisting of antimonic sulphide, Sb2S5, -- formerly a famous nostrum. -- Sulphur base (Chem.), an alkaline sulphide capable of acting as a base in the formation of sulphur salts according to the old dual theory of salts. [Archaic] -- Sulphur dioxide (Chem.), a colorless gas, SO2, of a pungent, suffocating odor, produced by the burning of sulphur. It is employed chiefly in the production of sulphuric acid, and as a reagent in bleaching; -- called also sulphurous anhydride, and formerly sulphurous acid. -- Sulphur ether (Chem.), a sulphide of hydrocarbon radicals, formed like the ordinary ethers, which are oxides, but with sulphur in the place of oxygen. -- Sulphur salt (Chem.), a salt of a sulphacid; a sulphosalt. -- Sulphur showers, showers of yellow pollen, resembling sulphur in appearance, often carried from pine forests by the wind to a great distance. -- Sulphur trioxide (Chem.), a white crystalline solid, SO3, obtained by oxidation of sulphur dioxide. It dissolves in water with a hissing noise and the production of heat, forming sulphuric acid, and is employed as a dehydrating agent. Called also sulphuric anhydride, and formerly sulphuric acid. -- Sulphur whale. (Zool.) See Sulphur-bottom. -- Vegetable sulphur (Bot.), lycopodium powder. See under Lycopodium.


word: Sulphurate
definition:
Sulphurate

Sul"phu*rate
(?)
a.
[L. sulphuratus, sulfuratus.]
Sulphureous.
[Poetic & R.]
Dr. H. More.


word: Sulphurate₂
definition:
Sulphurate

Sul"phu*rate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sulphurated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sulphurating.]
(Chem.)
To sulphurize.
[Archaic]


word: Sulphuration
definition:
Sulphuration

Sul`phu*ra"tion
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. sulfuration, L. sulphuratio, sulfuratio, a vein of sulphur.]
The act or process of combining or impregnating with sulphur or its compounds; also, the state of being so combined or impregnated.


word: Sulphurator
definition:
Sulphurator

Sul"phu*ra`tor
(?)
n.
An apparatus for impregnating with, or exposing to the action of, sulphur; especially, an apparatus for fumigating or bleaching by means of the fumes of burning sulphur.


word: Sulphur-bottom
definition:
Sulphur-bottom

Sul`phur-bot"tom
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
A very large whalebone whale of the genus Sibbaldius, having a yellowish belly; especially, Sibbaldius sulfureus of the North Pacific, and Sibbaldius borealis of the North Atlantic; -- called also sulphur whale.


word: Sulphureous
definition:
Sulphureous

Sul*phu"re*ous
(?)
a.
[L. sulphureus, sulfureus.]
Consisting of sulphur; having the qualities of sulphur, or brimstone; impregnated with sulphur.

Her snakes united, sulphureous waters drink.
Pope.


word: Sulphureted
definition:
Sulphureted

Sul"phu*ret`ed
a.
(Chem.)
Combined or impregnated with sulphur; sulphurized.
[Written also sulphuretted.]

Sulphureted hydrogen. (Chem.) See Hydrogen sulphide, under Hydrogen.


word: Sulphuric
definition:
Sulphuric

Sul*phu"ric
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. sulfurique.]
1.
Of or pertaining to sulphur; as, a sulphuric smell.

2.
(Chem.)
Derived from, or containing, sulphur; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence as contrasted with the sulphurous compounds; as, sulphuric acid.

Sulphuric acid. (a) Sulphur trioxide (see under Sulphur); -- formerly so called on the dualistic theory of salts. [Obs.] (b) A heavy, corrosive, oily liquid, H2SO4, colorless when pure, but usually yellowish or brownish, produced by the combined action of sulphur dioxide, oxygen (from the air), steam, and nitric fumes. It attacks and dissolves many metals and other intractable substances, sets free most acids from their salts, and is used in the manufacture of hydrochloric and nitric acids, of soda, of bleaching powders, etc. It is also powerful dehydrating agent, having a strong affinity for water, and eating and corroding paper, wood, clothing, etc.   It is thus used in the manufacture of ether, of imitation parchment, and of nitroglycerin. It is also used in etching iron, in removing iron scale from forgings, in petroleum refining, etc., and in general its manufacture is the most important and fundamental of all the chemical industries. Formerly called vitriolic acid, and now popularly vitriol, and oil of vitriol. -- Fuming sulphuric acid, or Nordhausen sulphuric acid. See Disulphuric acid, under Disulphuric. -- Sulphuric anhydride, sulphur trioxide. See under Sulphur. -- Sulphuric ether, common anaesthetic ether; -- so called because made by the catalytic action of sulphuric acid on alcohol. See Ether, 3 (a).


word: Sulphuring
definition:
Sulphuring

Sul"phur*ing
n.
Exposure to the fumes of burning sulphur, as in bleaching; the process of bleaching by exposure to the fumes of sulphur.


word: Sulphurize
definition:
Sulphurize

Sul"phur*ize
(?)
v. t.
(Chem.)
To combine or impregnate with sulphur or any of its compounds; as, to sulphurize caoutchouc in vulcanizing.


word: Sulphurous
definition:
Sulphurous

Sul"phur*ous
(?)
a.
[L. sulphurosus, sulfurosus: cf. F. sulfureux.]
1.
Of or pertaining to sulphur.

2.
(Chem.)
(a)
Derived from, or containing, sulphur; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with the sulphuric compounds.
(b)
Having the characteristic odor of sulphur dioxide, or of hydrogen sulphide, or of other sulphur compounds.

Sulphurous acid. (a) Sulphur dioxide. See under Sulphur. [Obs.] (b) An acid, H2SO3, not known in the free state except as a solution of sulphur dioxide in water, but forming a well-known series of salts (the sulphites). -- Sulphurous anhydride (Chem.), sulphur dioxide. See under Sulphur.


word: Sulphury
definition:
Sulphury

Sul"phur*y
(?)
a.
Resembling, or partaking of the nature of, sulphur; having the qualities of sulphur.


word: Sulphuryl
definition:
Sulphuryl

Sul"phur*yl
(?)
n.
[Sulphur + -yl.]
(Chem.)
The hypothetical radical SO2; -- called also sulphon.

Sulphuryl chloride, a chloride, pungent, fuming liquid, SO2.Cl2, obtained by the action of phosphorus pentachloride on sulphur trioxide. On treatment with water it decomposes into sulphuric and hydrochloric acids, and is hence called also sulphuric chloranhydride.


word: Sulphydrate
definition:
Sulphydrate

Sul*phy"drate
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
A compound, analogous to a hydrate, regarded as a salt of sulphydric acid, or as a derivative of hydrogen sulphide in which one half of the hydrogen is replaced by a base (as potassium sulphydrate, KSH), or as a hydrate in which the oxygen has been wholly or partially replaced by sulphur.


word: Sulphydric
definition:
Sulphydric

Sul*phy"dric
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, hydrogen sulphide, which is regarded as an acid, especially when in solution.


word: Sulpician
definition:
Sulpician

Sul*pi"cian
(?)
n.
[So called after the parish of St. Sulpice in Paris, of which the founder, Jean Jacques Olier, was pastor in 1643.]
(R. C. Ch.)
One of an order of priests established in France in 1642 to educate men for the ministry. The order was introduced soon afterwards into Canada, and in 1791 into the United States.
[Written also Sulpitian.]


word: Sultan
definition:
Sultan

Sul"tan
(?)
n.
[F. sultan (cf. Sp. soldan, It. sultano, soldano), Ar. sultān sultan, dominion.  Cf. Soldan.]
A ruler, or sovereign, of a Mohammedan state; specifically, the ruler of the Turks; the Padishah, or Grand Seignior; -- officially so called.

Sultan flower. (Bot.) See Sweet sultan, under Sweet.


word: Sultana
definition:
Sultana

Sul*ta"na
(?)
n.
[It.]
1.
The wife of a sultan; a sultaness.

2.
pl.
A kind of seedless raisin produced near Smyrna in Asiatic Turkey.

Sultana bird (Zool.), the hyacinthine, or purple, gallinule. See Illust. under Gallinule.


word: Sultanate
definition:
Sultanate

Sul"tan*ate
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. sultanat.]
1.
The rule or dominion of a sultan; sultanship.

2.
The territory ruled by a sultan.

Syn. -- soldanrie.


word: Sultry
definition:
Sultry

Sul"try
(sŭl"tr&ybreve_;)
a.
[Compar. Sultrier (sŭl"trĭ*ẽr); superl. Sultriest.]
[From Sweltry.]
1.
Very hot, burning, and oppressive; as, Libya's sultry deserts.

Such as, born beneath the burning sky
And sultry sun, betwixt the tropics lie.
Dryden.

2.
Very hot and humid, or hot, close, stagnant, and oppressive, as air.

When in the sultry glebe I faint,
Or on the thirsty mountain plant.
Addison.


word: Sulu
definition:
Sulu

Su*lu"
(?)
n.
[Malay Suluk.]
A member of the most prominent tribe of the Moro tribes, occupying the Sulu Archipelago; also, their language.


word: Sum
definition:
Sum

Sum
(?)
n.
[OE. summe, somme, OF. sume, some, F. somme, L. summa, fr. summus highest, a superlative from sub under. See Sub-, and cf. Supreme.]
1.
The aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or particulars; the amount or whole of any number of individuals or particulars added together; as, the sum of 5 and 7 is 12.

Take ye the sum of all the congregation.
Num. i. 2.

&hand_; Sum is now commonly applied to an aggregate of numbers, and number to an aggregate of persons or things.

2.
A quantity of money or currency; any amount, indefinitely; as, a sum of money; a small sum, or a large sum.
sum
Chaucer.

With a great sum obtained I this freedom.
Acts xxii. 28.

3.
The principal points or thoughts when viewed together; the amount; the substance; compendium; as, this is the sum of all the evidence in the case; this is the sum and substance of his objections.

4.
Height; completion; utmost degree.

Thus have I told thee all my state, and brought
My story to the sum of earthly bliss.
Milton.

5.
(Arith.)
A problem to be solved, or an example to be wrought out.
Macaulay.

A sum in arithmetic wherein a flaw discovered at a particular point is ipso facto fatal to the whole.
Gladstone.

A large sheet of paper . . . covered with long sums.
Dickens.

Algebraic sum, as distinguished from arithmetical sum, the aggregate of two or more numbers or quantities taken with regard to their signs, as + or -, according to the rules of addition in algebra; thus, the algebraic sum of -2, 8, and -1 is 5. -- In sum, in short; in brief. [Obs.] “In sum, the gospel . . . prescribes every virtue to our conduct, and forbids every sin.” Rogers.


word: Sum₂
definition:
Sum

Sum
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Summed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Summing.]
[Cf. F. sommer, LL. summare.]
1.
To bring together into one whole; to collect into one amount; to cast up, as a column of figures; to ascertain the totality of; -- usually with up.

The mind doth value every moment, and then the hour doth rather sum up the moments, than divide the day.
Bacon.

2.
To bring or collect into a small compass; to comprise in a few words; to condense; -- usually with up.

“Go to the ant, thou sluggard,” in few words sums up the moral of this fable.
L'Estrange.

He sums their virtues in himself alone.
Dryden.

3.
(Falconry)
To have (the feathers) full grown; to furnish with complete, or full-grown, plumage.

But feathered soon and fledge
They summed their pens [wings].
Milton.

Summing up, a compendium or abridgment; a recapitulation; a résumé; a summary.


word: Sumach
definition:
Sumach

Sumac

{ Su"mac, Su"mach  }
(?)
n.
[F. sumac, formerly sumach (cf. Sp. zumaque), fr. Ar. summāq.]
[Written also shumac.]
1.
(Bot.)
Any plant of the genus Rhus, shrubs or small trees with usually compound leaves and clusters of small flowers. Some of the species are used in tanning, some in dyeing, and some in medicine. One, the Japanese Rhus vernicifera, yields the celebrated Japan varnish, or lacquer.

2.
The powdered leaves, peduncles, and young branches of certain species of the sumac plant, used in tanning and dyeing.

Poison sumac. (Bot.) See under Poison.


word: Sumatra leaf
definition:
Sumatra leaf

Su*ma"tra leaf
(?)
A thin, elastic, uniformly light-colored tobacco leaf, raised in Sumatra and extensively used for cigar wrappers.


word: Sumatran
definition:
Sumatran

Su*ma"tran
(?)
a.
Of or pertaining to Sumatra or its inhabitants.
n. A native of Sumatra.


word: Sumbul
definition:
Sumbul

Sum"bul
(?)
n.
[Pers.]
The musky root of an Asiatic umbelliferous plant, Ferula Sumbul. It is used in medicine as a stimulant.
[Written also sumbal.]
Sum*bul"ic, a.


word: Sumerian
definition:
Sumerian

Su*me"ri*an
(?)
a.
[Written also Sumirian.]
Of or pertaining to the region of lower Babylonia, which was anciently called Sumer, or its inhabitants or their language.


word: Sumerian₂
definition:
Sumerian

Su*me"ri*an
n.
[Written also Sumirian.]
A native of lower Babylonia, anciently called Sumer.


word: Sumless
definition:
Sumless

Sum"less
(?)
a.
Not to be summed up or computed; so great that the amount can not be ascertained; incalculable; inestimable.
Pope.


word: Summarize
definition:
Summarize

Sum"ma*rize
(?)
v. t.
To comprise in, or reduce to, a summary; to present briefly.
Chambers.


word: Summary
definition:
Summary

Sum"ma*ry
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. sommaire. See Sum.]
1.
Formed into a sum; summed up; reduced into a narrow compass, or into few words; short; brief; concise; compendious; as, a summary statement of facts.

2.
Hence, rapidly performed; quickly executed; as, a summary process; to take summary vengeance.


word: Summary₂
definition:
Summary

Sum"ma*ry
n.
pl. Summaries (#).
[F. sommaire, or L. summarium. See Summary, a.]
A general or comprehensive statement; an abridged account; an abstract, abridgment, or compendium, containing the sum or substance of a fuller account.


word: Summation
definition:
Summation

Sum*ma"tion
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. sommation. See Sum, v. t.]
The act of summing, or forming a sum, or total amount; also, an aggregate.

Of this series no summation is possible to a finite intellect.
De Quincey.


word: Summer₂
definition:
Summer

Sum"mer
n.
[F. sommier a rafter, the same word as sommier a beast of burden. See Sumpter.]
(Arch.)
A large stone or beam placed horizontally on columns, piers, posts, or the like, serving for various uses. Specifically: (a) The lintel of a door or window. (b) The commencement of a cross vault. (c) A central floor timber, as a girder, or a piece reaching from a wall to a girder. Called also summertree.


word: Summer₃
definition:
Summer

Sum"mer
n.
[OE. sumer, somer, AS. sumor, sumer; akin to OFries. sumur, D. zomer, OS. sumar, G. sommer, OHG. & Icel. sumar, Dan. sommer, Sw. sommar, W. haf, Zend hama, Skr. samā year. √292.]
The season of the year in which the sun shines most directly upon any region; the warmest period of the year.

&hand_; North of the equator summer is popularly taken to include the months of June, July, and August. Astronomically it may be considered, in the northern hemisphere, to begin with the summer solstice, about June 21st, and to end with the autumnal equinox, about September 22d.

Indian summer, in North America, a period of warm weather late in autumn, usually characterized by a clear sky, and by a hazy or smoky appearance of the atmosphere, especially near the horizon. The name is derived probably from the custom of the Indians of using this time in preparation for winter by laying in stores of food. -- Saint Martin's summer. See under Saint. -- Summer bird (Zool.), the wryneck. [Prov. Eng.] -- Summer colt, the undulating state of the air near the surface of the ground when heated. [Eng.] -- Summer complaint (Med.), a popular term for any diarrheal disorder occurring in summer, especially when produced by heat and indigestion. -- Summer coot (Zool.), the American gallinule. [Local, U.S.] -- Summer cypress (Bot.), an annual plant (Kochia Scoparia) of the Goosefoot family. It has narrow, ciliate, crowded leaves, and is sometimes seen in gardens. -- Summer duck. (Zool.) (a) The wood duck. (b) The garganey, or summer teal. See Illust. of Wood duck, under Wood. -- Summer fallow, land uncropped and plowed, etc., during the summer, in order to pulverize the soil and kill the weeds. -- Summer rash (Med.), prickly heat. See under Prickly. -- Summer sheldrake (Zool.), the hooded merganser. [Local, U.S.] -- Summer snipe. (Zool.) (a) The dunlin. (b) The common European sandpiper. (c) The green sandpiper. -- Summer tanager (Zool.), a singing bird (Piranga rubra) native of the Middle and Southern United States. The male is deep red, the female is yellowish olive above and yellow beneath. Called also summer redbird. -- Summer teal (Zool.), the blue-winged teal. [Local, U.S.] -- Summer wheat, wheat that is sown in the spring, and matures during the summer following. See Spring wheat. -- Summer yellowbird. (Zool.) See Yellowbird.


word: Summer₄
definition:
Summer

Sum"mer
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Summered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Summering.]
To pass the summer; to spend the warm season; as, to summer in Switzerland.

The fowls shall summer upon them.
Isa. xviii. 6.


word: Summer₅
definition:
Summer

Sum"mer
v. t.
To keep or carry through the summer; to feed during the summer; as, to summer stock.


word: Summer-fallow
definition:
Summer-fallow

Sum"mer-fal"low
(?)
v. t.
To plow and work in summer, in order to prepare for wheat or other crop; to plow and let lie fallow.


word: Summerhouse
definition:
Summerhouse

Sum"mer*house`
(?)
n.
pl. Summerhouses (_;).
A rustic house or apartment in a garden or park, to be used as a pleasure resort in summer.
Shak.


word: Summit
definition:
Summit

Sum"mit
(?)
n.
[F. sommet, dim. of OF. som, sum, top, from L. summum, from summus highest. See Sum, n.]
1.
The top; the highest point.

Fixed on the summit of the highest mount.
Shak.

2.
The highest degree; the utmost elevation; the acme; as, the summit of human fame.

3.
(Zool.)
The most elevated part of a bivalve shell, or the part in which the hinge is situated.

Summit level, the highest level of a canal, a railroad, or the like, in surmounting an ascent.


word: Summity
definition:
Summity

Sum"mit*y
(?)
n.
[L. summitas, fr. summus highest: cf. F. sommité. See Sum, n.]
1.
The height or top of anything.
[Obs.]
Swift.

2.
The utmost degree; perfection.
[Obs.]
Hallywell.


word: Summon
definition:
Summon

Sum"mon
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Summoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Summoning.]
[OE. somonen, OF. sumundre, semondre, F. semondre, from (assumed) LL. summonĕre, for L. summonēre to give a hint; sub under + monere to admonish, to warn. See Monition, and cf. Submonish.]
1.
To call, bid, or cite; to notify to come to appear; -- often with up.

Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood.
Shak.

Trumpets summon him to war.
Dryden.

2.
To give notice to, or command to appear, as in court; to cite by authority; as, to summon witnesses.

3.
(Mil.)
To call upon to surrender, as a fort.


word: Summoner
definition:
Summoner

Sum"mon*er
(?)
n.
[OE. somner, sompnour, OF. semoneor, F. semonneur. See Summon, v. t.]
One who summons; one who cites by authority; specifically, a petty officer formerly employed to summon persons to appear in court; an apparitor.


word: Summons
definition:
Summons

Sum"mons
(?)
n.
pl. Summonses (#).
[OE. somouns, OF. sumunse, semonse, semonce, F. semonce, semondre to summon, OF. p. p. semons. See Summon, v.]
1.
The act of summoning; a call by authority, or by the command of a superior, to appear at a place named, or to attend to some duty.

Special summonses by the king.
Hallam.

This summons . . . unfit either to dispute or disobey.
Bp. Fell.

He sent to summon the seditious, and to offer pardon; but neither summons nor pardon was regarded.
Sir J. Hayward.

2.
(Law)
A warning or citation to appear in court; a written notification signed by the proper officer, to be served on a person, warning him to appear in court at a day specified, to answer to the plaintiff, testify as a witness, or the like.

3.
(Mil.)
A demand to surrender.


word: Summum bonum
definition:
Summum bonum

Sum"mum bo"num
(?)
[L.]
(Philos.)
The supreme or highest good, -- referring to the object of human life.


word: Sump
definition:
Sump

Sump
(?)
n.
[Cf. G. sumpf a sump in a mine, a swamp, akin to LG. sump, D. somp a swamp, Dan. & Sw. sump, and perhaps to E. swamp.]
1.
(Metal.)
A round pit of stone, lined with clay, for receiving the metal on its first fusion.
Ray.

2.
The cistern or reservoir made at the lowest point of a mine, from which is pumped the water which accumulates there.

3.
A pond of water for salt works.
Knight.

4.
A puddle or dirty pool.
[Prov. Eng.]

Sump fuse, a fuse used in blasting under water. -- Sump men (Mining), the men who sink the sump in a mine.


word: Sumpitan
definition:
Sumpitan

Sum"pi*tan
(?)
n.
A kind of blowgun for discharging arrows, -- used by the savages of Borneo and adjacent islands.


word: Sumpter
definition:
Sumpter

Sump"ter
(?)
n.
[OF. sommetier the driver of a pack horse; akin to OF. & F. sommier a pack horse, L. sagmarius, fr. sagma a pack saddle, in LL., a load, Gr. _; a pack saddle, fr. _; to pack, load; cf. Skr. saj, sañj, to hang on.  Cf. Seam a weight, Summer a beam.]
1.
The driver of a pack horse.
[Obs.]
Skeat.

2.
A pack; a burden.
[Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.

3.
An animal, especially a horse, that carries packs or burdens; a baggage horse.
Holinshed.


word: Sumpter₂
definition:
Sumpter

Sump"ter
a.
Carrying pack or burdens on the back; as, a sumpter horse; a sumpter mule.
Bacon.


word: Sumption
definition:
Sumption

Sump"tion
(?)
n.
[L. sumptio, fr. sumere, sumptum, to take.]
1.
A taking.
[Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.

2.
(Logic)
The major premise of a syllogism.


word: Sumptuary
definition:
Sumptuary

Sump"tu*a*ry
(?)
a.
[L. sumptuarius, fr. sumptus expense, cost, fr. sumere, sumptum, to take, use, spend; sub under + emere to take, buy: cf. F. somptuaire. See Redeem.]
Relating to expense; regulating expense or expenditure.
Bacon.

Sumptuary laws or Sumptuary regulations, laws intended to restrain or limit the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc.; laws which regulate the prices of commodities and the wages of labor; laws which forbid or restrict the use of certain articles, as of luxurious apparel.


word: Sumptuosity
definition:
Sumptuosity

Sump`tu*os"i*ty
(?)
n.
[L. sumptuositas: cf. F. somptuosité.]
Expensiveness; costliness; sumptuousness.
[R.]
Sir W. Raleigh.


word: Sumptuous
definition:
Sumptuous

Sump"tu*ous
(?)
a.
[L. sumptuosus, fr. sumptus expanse, cost: cf. F. somptueux. See Sumptuary.]
Involving large outlay or expense; costly; expensive; hence, luxurious; splendid; magnificient; as, a sumptuous house or table; sumptuous apparel.

We are too magnificient and sumptuous in our tables and attendance.
Atterbury.

She spoke, and turned her sumptuous head, with eyes
Of shining expectation fixed on mine.
Tennyson.


word: Sun₂
definition:
Sun

Sun
(?)
n.
[OE. sunne, sonne, AS. sunne; akin to OFries. sunne, D. zon, OS. & OHG. sunna, G. sonne, Icel. sunna, Goth. sunna; perh. fr. same root as L. sol. √297.  Cf. Solar, South.]
1.
The luminous orb, the light of which constitutes day, and its absence night; the central body round which the earth and planets revolve, by which they are held in their orbits, and from which they receive light and heat. Its mean distance from the earth is about 92,500,000 miles, and its diameter about 860,000.

&hand_; Its mean apparent diameter as seen from the earth is 32′ 4″, and it revolves on its own axis once in 251/3 days. Its mean density is about one fourth of that of the earth, or 1.41, that of water being unity.  Its luminous surface is called the photosphere, above which is an envelope consisting partly of hydrogen, called the chromosphere, which can be seen only through the spectroscope, or at the time of a total solar eclipse. Above the chromosphere, and sometimes extending out millions of miles, are luminous rays or streams of light which are visible only at the time of a total eclipse, forming the solar corona.

2.
Any heavenly body which forms the center of a system of orbs.

3.
The direct light or warmth of the sun; sunshine.

Lambs that did frisk in the sun.
Shak.

4.
That which resembles the sun, as in splendor or importance; any source of light, warmth, or animation.

For the Lord God is a sun and shield.
Ps. lxxiv. 11.

I will never consent to put out the sun of sovereignity to posterity.
Eikon Basilike.

Sun and planet wheels (Mach.), an ingenious contrivance for converting reciprocating motion, as that of the working beam of a steam engine, into rotatory motion. It consists of a toothed wheel (called the sun wheel), firmly secured to the shaft it is desired to drive, and another wheel (called the planet wheel) secured to the end of a connecting rod. By the motion of the connecting rod, the planet wheel is made to circulate round the central wheel on the shaft, communicating to this latter a velocity of revolution the double of its own. G. Francis. -- Sun angel (Zool.), a South American humming bird of the genus Heliangelos, noted for its beautiful colors and the brilliant luster of the feathers of its throat. -- Sun animalcute. (Zool.) See Heliozoa. -- Sun bath (Med.), exposure of a patient to the sun's rays; insolation. -- Sun bear (Zool.), a species of bear (Helarctos Malayanus) native of Southern Asia and Borneo. It has a small head and short neck, and fine short glossy fur, mostly black, but brownish on the nose. It is easily tamed. Called also bruang, and Malayan bear. -- Sun beetle (Zool.), any small lustrous beetle of the genus Amara. -- Sun bittern (Zool.), a singular South American bird (Eurypyga helias), in some respects related both to the rails and herons. It is beautifully variegated with white, brown, and black. Called also sunbird, and tiger bittern. -- Sun fever (Med.), the condition of fever produced by sun stroke. -- Sun gem (Zool.), a Brazilian humming bird (Heliactin cornutus). Its head is ornamented by two tufts of bright colored feathers, fiery crimson at the base and greenish yellow at the tip. Called also Horned hummer. -- Sun grebe (Zool.), the finfoot. -- Sun picture, a picture taken by the agency of the sun's rays; a photograph. -- Sun spots (Astron.), dark spots that appear on the sun's disk, consisting commonly of a black central portion with a surrounding border of lighter shade, and usually seen only by the telescope, but sometimes by the naked eye. They are very changeable in their figure and dimensions, and vary in size from mere apparent points to spaces of 50,000 miles in diameter. The term sun spots is often used to include bright spaces (called faculae) as well as dark spaces (called maculae). Called also solar spots. See Illustration in Appendix. -- Sun star (Zool.), any one of several species of starfishes belonging to Solaster, Crossaster, and allied genera, having numerous rays. -- Sun trout (Zool.), the squeteague. -- Sun wheel. (Mach.) See Sun and planet wheels, above. -- Under the sun, in the world; on earth. “There is no new thing under the sun.” Eccl. i. 9.

&hand_; Sun is often used in the formation of compound adjectives of obvious meaning; as, sun-bright, sun-dried, sun-gilt, sunlike, sun-lit, sun-scorched, and the like.


word: Sun₃
definition:
Sun

Sun
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sunned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sunning.]
To expose to the sun's rays; to warm or dry in the sun; as, to sun cloth; to sun grain.

Then to sun thyself in open air.
Dryden.


word: Sunbeam
definition:
Sunbeam

Sun"beam`
(?)
n.
[AS. sunnebeam.]
A beam or ray of the sun.
sunbeams
Keble.

Thither came Uriel, gliding through the even
On a sunbeam.
Milton.


word: Sunbird
definition:
Sunbird

Sun"bird`
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
(a)
Any one of numerous species of small brilliantly colored birds of the family Nectariniidae, native of Africa, Southern Asia, the East Indies, and Australia. In external appearance and habits they somewhat resemble humming birds, but they are true singing birds (Oscines).
(b)
The sun bittern.


word: Sunbonnet
definition:
Sunbonnet

Sun"bon"net
(?)
n.
A bonnet, generally made of some thin or light fabric, projecting beyond the face, and commonly having a cape, -- worn by women as a protection against the sun.


word: Sunburn
definition:
Sunburn

Sun"burn`
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sunburned (?) or Sunburnt (_;); p. pr. & vb. n. Sunburning.]
To burn or discolor by the sun; to tan.

Sunburnt and swarthy though she be.
Dryden.


word: Sunburn₂
definition:
Sunburn

Sun"burn`
n.
The burning or discoloration produced on the skin by the heat of the sun; tan.


word: Sun-burner
definition:
Sun-burner

Sun"-burn`er
(?)
n.
A circle or cluster of gas-burners for lighting and ventilating public buildings.


word: Suncup
definition:
Suncup

Sun"cup`
(?)
n.
A yellow flowered evening primrose (Taraxia ovata, syn. Oenothera ovata) native of California.


word: Sunday
definition:
Sunday

Sun"day
(?)
n.
[AS. sunnandaeg; sunne, gen. sunnan, the sun + daeg day; akin to D. zondag, G. sonntag; -- so called because this day was anciently dedicated to the sun, or to its worship. See Sun, and Day.]
The first day of the week, -- consecrated among Christians to rest from secular employments, and to religious worship; the Christian Sabbath; the Lord's Day.

Advent Sunday, Low Sunday, Passion Sunday, etc. See under Advent, Low, etc.


word: Sunday₂
definition:
Sunday

Sun"day
a.
Belonging to the Christian Sabbath.

Sunday letter. See Dominical letter, under Dominical. -- Sunday school. See under School.


word: Sunder
definition:
Sunder

Sun"der
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sundered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sundering.]
[OE. sundren, AS. sundrain (in āsundrain, gesundrain), from sundor asunder, separately, apart; akin to D. zonder, prep., without, G. sonder separate, as prep., without, sondern but, OHG. suntar separately, Icel. sundr asunder, Sw. & Dan. sönder, Goth. sundr&omacr alone, separately.]
To disunite in almost any manner, either by rending, cutting, or breaking; to part; to put or keep apart; to separate; to divide; to sever; as, to sunder a rope; to sunder a limb; to sunder friends.

It is sundered from the main land by a sandy plain.
Carew.


word: Sunder₃
definition:
Sunder

Sun"der
n.
[See Sunder, v. t., and cf. Asunder.]
A separation into parts; a division or severance.

In sunder, into parts. “He breaketh the bow, and cutteth the spear in sunder.” Ps. xlvi. 9.


word: Sundew
definition:
Sundew

Sun"dew`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
Any plant of the genus Drosera, low bog plants whose leaves are beset with pediceled glands which secrete a viscid fluid that glitters like dewdrops and attracts and detains insects. After an insect is caught, the glands curve inward like tentacles and the leaf digests it. Called also lustwort.


word: Sundial
definition:
Sundial

Sun"di`al
(?)
n.
An instrument to show the time of day by means of the shadow of a gnomon, or style, on a plate.

Sundial shell (Zool.), any shell of the genus Solarium. See Solarium.


word: Sundog
definition:
Sundog

Sun"dog`
(?)
n.
(Meteorol.)
1.
A luminous spot occasionally seen a few degrees from the sun, supposed to be formed by the intersection of two or more halos, or in a manner similar to that of halos.

2.
A fragmentary rainbow; a small rainbow near the horizon; -- called also dog and weathergaw.


word: Sundown
definition:
Sundown

Sun"down`
(?)
n.
1.
The setting of the sun; sunset.
sundown
Tennyson.

2.
A kind of broad-brimmed sun hat worn by women.


word: Sundowner
definition:
Sundowner

Sun"down`er
(?)
n.
A tramp or vagabond in the Australian bush; -- so called from his coming to sheep stations at sunset of ask for supper and a bed, when it is too late to work; -- called also traveler and swagman (but not all swagmen are sundowners).
Sundowners, -- men who loaf about till sunset, and then come in with the demand for unrefusable rations.
Francis Adams.


word: Sun-dried
definition:
Sun-dried

Sun"-dried`
(?)
a.
Dried by the heat of the sun; as, sun-dried tomatoes.
Sun-dried
Sir T. Herbert.


word: Sundrops
definition:
Sundrops

Sun"drops`
(?)
n.
[Sun + drop.]
(Bot.)
Any one of the several species of Kneiffia, esp. Kneiffia fruticosa (syn. Oenothera fruticosa), of the Evening-primrose family, having flowers that open by daylight.


word: Sundry
definition:
Sundry

Sun"dry
(?)
a.
[OE. sundry, sondry, AS. syndrig, fr. sundor asunder. See Sunder, v. t.]
1.
Several; divers; more than one or two; various.
Sundry
Chaucer.
Sundry
Shak.

With many a sound of sundry melody.
Chaucer.

Sundry foes the rural realm surround.
Dryden.

2.
Separate; diverse.
[Obs.]

Every church almost had the Bible of a sundry translation.
Coleridge.

All and sundry, all collectively, and each separately.


word: Sundryman
definition:
Sundryman

Sun"dry*man
(?)
n.
pl. Sundrymen (_;).
One who deals in sundries, or a variety of articles.


word: Sunfish
definition:
Sunfish

Sun"fish`
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
(a)
A very large oceanic plectognath fish (Mola mola, Mola rotunda, or Orthagoriscus mola) having a broad body and a truncated tail.
(b)
Any one of numerous species of perch-like North American fresh-water fishes of the family Centrachidae. They have a broad, compressed body, and strong dorsal spines. Among the common species of the Eastern United States are Lepomis gibbosus (called also bream, pondfish, pumpkin seed, and sunny), the blue sunfish, or dollardee (Lepomis pallidus), and the long-eared sunfish (Lepomis auritus). Several of the species are called also pondfish.
(c)
The moonfish, or bluntnosed shiner.
(d)
The opah.
(e)
The basking, or liver, shark.
(f)
Any large jellyfish.


word: Sunflower
definition:
Sunflower

Sun"flow`er
(?)
n.
Any plant of the genus Helianthus; -- so called probably from the form and color of its flower, which is large disk with yellow rays. The commonly cultivated sunflower is Helianthus annuus, a native of America.


word: Sunglass
definition:
Sunglass

Sun"glass`
(?)
n.
pl. Sunglasses (_;).
A convex lens of glass for producing heat by converging the sun's rays into a focus.
sunglass
Hawthorne.


word: Sunk
definition:
Sunk

Sunk
(?)
imp. & p. p. of Sink.

Sunk fence, a ditch with a retaining wall, used to divide lands without defacing a landscape; a ha-ha.


word: Sunless
definition:
Sunless

Sun"less
(?)
a.
Destitute or deprived of the sun or its rays; shaded; shadowed.

The sunken glen whose sunless shrubs must weep.
Byron.


word: Sunn
definition:
Sunn

Sunn
(?)
n.
[Hind. san, fr. Skr. çana.]
(Bot.)
An East Indian leguminous plant (Crotalaria juncea) and its fiber, which is also called sunn hemp.
[Written also sun.]


word: Sunna
definition:
Sunna

Sun"na
(?)
n.
[Ar. sunnah rule, law.]
A collection of traditions received by the orthodox Mohammedans as of equal authority with the Koran.


word: Sunnite
definition:
Sunnite

Sun"nite
(?)
n.
One of the orthodox Mohammedans who receive the Sunna as of equal importance with the Koran.


word: Sunny
definition:
Sunny

Sun"ny
(?)
a.
[Compar. Sunnier (?); superl. Sunniest.]
1.
Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from, or resembling the sun; hence, shining; bright; brilliant; radiant.
Sunny
Spenser.
Sunny
Shak.

2.
Exposed to the rays of the sun; brightened or warmed by the direct rays of the sun; as, a sunny room; the sunny side of a hill.

Her blooming mountains and her sunny shores.
Addison.

3.
Cheerful; genial; as, a sunny disposition.

My decayed fair
A sunny look of his would soon repair.
Shak.


word: Sunrising
definition:
Sunrising

Sunrise

{ Sun"rise` (?), Sun"ris`ing, }
n.
1.
The first appearance of the sun above the horizon in the morning; more generally, the time of such appearance, whether in fair or cloudy weather; as, to begin work at sunrise.
sunrise
Keble.

2.
Hence, the region where the sun rises; the east.

Which were beyond Jordan toward the sunrising.
Deut. iv. 47 (Rev. Ver.)

Full hot and fast the Saxon rides, with rein of travel slack,
And, bending o'ev his saddle, leaves the sunrise at his back.
Whittier.


word: Sunroof
definition:
Sunroof

Sun"roof`
(?)
n.
a panel in the roof of an automobile, usually above the driver's seat, that can be opened.


word: Sunsetting
definition:
Sunsetting

Sunset

{ Sun"set" (?), Sun"set`ting, }
n.
1.
The descent of the sun below the horizon; also, the time when the sun sets; evening. Also used figuratively.

'T is the sunset of life gives me mystical lore.
Campbell.

2.
Hence, the region where the sun sets; the west.

Sunset shell (Zool.), a West Indian marine bivalve (Tellina radiata) having a smooth shell marked with radiating bands of varied colors resembling those seen at sunset or before sunrise; -- called also rising sun.


word: Sunshade
definition:
Sunshade

Sun"shade`
(?)
n.
Anything used as a protection from the sun's rays.
(a)
A small parasol.
(b)
An awning.


word: Sunshine
definition:
Sunshine

Sun"shine`
(?)
n.
1.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.

But all sunshine, as when his beams at noon
Culminate from the equator.
Milton.

2.
Anything which has a warming and cheering influence like that of the rays of the sun; warmth; illumination; brightness.

That man that sits within a monarch's heart,
And ripens in the sunshine of his favor.
Shak.


word: Sunshiny
definition:
Sunshiny

Sun"shin`y
(?)
a.
1.
Bright with the rays of the sun; clear, warm, or pleasant; as, a sunshiny day.

2.
Bright like the sun; resplendent.

Flashing beams of that sunshiny shield.
Spenser.

3.
Beaming with good spirits; cheerful.
sunshiny
Spenser.


word: Sunstroke
definition:
Sunstroke

Sun"stroke`
(?)
n.
(Med.)
Any affection produced by the action of the sun on some part of the body; especially, a sudden prostration of the physical powers, with symptoms resembling those of apoplexy, occasioned by exposure to excessive heat, and often terminating fatally; coup de soleil.


word: Sun-struck
definition:
Sun-struck

Sun"-struck`
(?)
a.
(Med.)
Overcome by, or affected with, sunstroke; as, sun-struck soldiers.


word: Sunup
definition:
Sunup

Sun"up`
(?)
n.
Sunrise.
[Local, U.S.]

Such a horse as that might get over a good deal of ground atwixt sunup and sundown.
Cooper.


word: Sunwise
definition:
Sunwise

Sun"wise`
(?)
adv.
In the direction of the sun's apparent motion, or from the east southward and westward, and so around the circle; also, in the same direction as the movement of the hands of a watch lying face upward.


word: Sup
definition:
Sup

Sup
(sŭp)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Supped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Supping.]
[OE. soupen to drink, AS. sūpan; akin to D. zuipen, G. saufen, OHG. sūfan, Icel. sūpa, Sw. supa, Dan. söbe.  Cf. Sip, Sop, Soup, Supper.]
To take into the mouth with the lips, as a liquid; to take or drink by a little at a time; to sip.

There I'll sup
Balm and nectar in my cup.
Crashaw.


word: Sup₂
definition:
Sup

Sup
n.
A small mouthful, as of liquor or broth; a little taken with the lips; a sip.

Tom Thumb had got a little sup.
Drayton.


word: Sup₃
definition:
Sup

Sup
v. i.
[See Supper.]
To eat the evening meal; to take supper.

I do entreat that we may sup together.
Shak.


word: Supawn
definition:
Supawn

Su*pawn"
(?)
n.
[Of American Indian origin.]
Boiled Indian meal; hasty pudding; mush.
[Written also sepawn, sepon, and suppawn.]
[Local, U.S.]


word: Super-
definition:
Super-

Su"per-
(?)
[L. super over, above; akin to Gr. _;, L. sub under, and E. over. See Over, and cf. Hyper-, Sub-, Supra-, Sur-.]
1.
A prefix signifying above, over, beyond, and hence often denoting in a superior position, in excess, over and above, in addition, exceedingly; as in superimpose, supersede, supernatural, superabundance.

2.
(Chem.)
A prefix formerly much used to denote that the ingredient to the name of which it was prefixed was present in a large, or unusually large, proportion as compared with the other ingredients; as in calcium superphosphate. It has been superseded by per-, bi-, di-, acid, etc. (as peroxide, bicarbonate, disulphide, and acid sulphate), which retain the old meanings of super-, but with sharper definition.  Cf. Acid, a., Bi-, Di-, and Per-.


word: Superable
definition:
Superable

Su"per*a*ble
(?)
a.
[L. superabilis, from superare to go over, to surmount, fr. super above, over.]
Capable of being overcome or conquered; surmountable.

Antipathies are generally superable by a single effort.
Johnson.


word: Superabound
definition:
Superabound

Su`per*a*bound"
(?)
v. i.
[L. superabundare: cf. OF. superabonder. See Super-, and Abound.]
To be very abundant or exuberant; to be more than sufficient; as, the country superabounds with corn.


word: Superabundance
definition:
Superabundance

Su`per*a*bun"dance
(?)
n.
[L. superabundantia: cf. OF. superabondance.]
The quality or state of being superabundant; a superabundant quantity; redundancy; excess.


word: Superabundant
definition:
Superabundant

Su`per*a*bun"dant
(?)
a.
[L. superabundans, p. pr. of superabundare. See Superabound.]
Abounding to excess; being more than is sufficient; redundant; as, superabundant zeal.
Su`per*a*bun"dant*ly, adv.


word: Superadd
definition:
Superadd

Su`per*add"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Superadded; p. pr. & vb. n. Superadding.]
[L. superaddere. See Super-, and Add.]
To add over and above; to add to what has been added; to annex, as something extrinsic.

The strength of any living creature, in those external motion, is something distinct from, and superadded unto, its natural gravity.
Bp. Wilkins.

The peacock laid it extremely to heart that he had not the nightingale's voice superadded to the beauty of his plumes.
L'Estrange.


word: Superaddition
definition:
Superaddition

Su`per*ad*di"tion
(?)
n.
The act of adding something in excess or something extraneous; also, something which is added in excess or extraneously.

This superaddition is nothing but fat.
Arbuthnot.


word: Superadvenient
definition:
Superadvenient

Su`per*ad*ven"ient
(?)
a.
Coming upon; coming in addition to, or in assistance of, something.
[R.]

He has done bravely by the superadvenient assistance of his God.
Dr. H. More.


word: Superalimentation
definition:
Superalimentation

Su`per*al`i*men*ta"tion
(?)
n.
The act of overfeeding, or making one take food in excess of the natural appetite for it.


word: Superaltar
definition:
Superaltar

Su"per*al`tar
(?)
n.
(Arch.)
A raised shelf or stand on the back of an altar, on which different objects can be placed; a predella or gradino.


word: Superannuate
definition:
Superannuate

Su`per*an"nu*ate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Superannuated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Superannuating.]
[Pref. super- + L. annus a year.]
1.
To impair or disquality on account of age or infirmity.
Sir T. Browne.

2.
To give a pension to, on account of old age or other infirmity; to cause to retire from service on a pension.


word: Superannuate₂
definition:
Superannuate

Su`per*an"nu*ate
(?)
v. i.
To last beyond the year; -- said of annual plants.
[Obs.]
Bacon.


word: Superannuation
definition:
Superannuation

Su`per*an`nu*a"tion
(?)
n.
The state of being superannuated, or too old for office or business; the state of being disqualified by old age; decrepitude.

The world itself is in a state of superannuation.
Cowper.

Slyness blinking through the watery eye of superannuation.
Coleridge.


word: Superb
definition:
Superb

Su*perb"
(?)
a.
[F. superbe, L. superbus, fr. super over. See Super-.]
1.
Grand; magnificent; august; stately; as, a superb edifice; a superb colonnade.

2.
Rich; elegant; as, superb furniture or decorations.

3.
Showy; excellent; grand; as, a superb exhibition.

Superb paradise bird (Zool.), a bird of paradise (Paradisaea superba syn. Lophorina superba) having the scapulars erectile, and forming a large ornamental tuft on each shoulder, and a large gorget of brilliant feathers on the breast . The color is deep violet, or nearly black, with brilliant green reflections.  The gorget is bright metallic green. -- Superb warber. (Zool.) See Blue wren, under Wren.


word: Superbiate
definition:
Superbiate

Su*per"bi*ate
(?)
v. t.
[Cf. L. superbiare.]
To make (a person) haughty.
[Obs. & R.]
Feltham.


word: Supercarbureted
definition:
Supercarbureted

Su`per*car"bu*ret`ed
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Bicarbureted.
[Written also supercarburetted.]
[Obsoles.]


word: Supercargo
definition:
Supercargo

Su`per*car"go
(?)
n.
[Super- + cargo: cf. Sp. sobrecargo.  Cf. Surcharge.]
An officer or person in a merchant ship, whose duty is to manage the sales, and superintend the commercial concerns, of the voyage.


word: Supercelestial
definition:
Supercelestial

Su`per*ce*les"tial
(?)
a.
[Pref. super- + celestial: cf. L. supercaelestis.]
1.
Situated above the firmament, or great vault of heaven.
Waterland.

2.
Higher than celestial; superangelic.


word: Supercharge
definition:
Supercharge

Su`per*charge"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Supercharged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Supercharging (?).]
[Pref. super- + charge.  Cf. Surcharge.]
(Her.)
To charge (a bearing) upon another bearing; as, to supercharge a rose upon a fess.


word: Superchemical
definition:
Superchemical

Su`per*chem"ic*al
(?)
a.
Above or beyond chemistry; inexplicable by chemical laws.
J. Le Conte.


word: Superciliary
definition:
Superciliary

Su`per*cil"i*a*ry
(?)
a.
[L. supercilium an eyebrow. See Supercilious.]
1.
Of or pertaining to the eyebrows; supraorbital.

2.
(Zool.)
Having a distinct streak of color above the eyes; as, the superciliary woodpecker.


word: Supercilious
definition:
Supercilious

Su`per*cil"i*ous
(?)
a.
[L. superciliosus, fr. supercilium an eyebrow, pride; super over, + cilium an eyelid; probably akin to celare to conceal.  Cf. Conceal.]
Lofty with pride; haughty; dictatorial; overbearing; arrogant; as, a supercilious officer; asupercilious air; supercilious behavior.
Su`per*cil"i*ous*ly, adv. -- Su`per*cil"i*ous*ness, n.


word: Supercolumniation
definition:
Supercolumniation

Su`per*co*lum`ni*a"tion
(?)
n.
(Arch.)
The putting of one order above another; also, an architectural work produced by this method; as, the putting of the Doric order in the ground story, Ionic above it, and Corinthian or Composite above this.


word: Supercrescence
definition:
Supercrescence

Su`per*cres"cence
(?)
n.
[See Supercrescent.]
That which grows upon another growing thing; a parasite.
[R.]
Sir T. Browne.


word: Supercrescent
definition:
Supercrescent

Su`per*cres"cent
(?)
a.
[L. supercrescens, p. pr. of supercrescere; super above + crescere to grow.]
Growing on some other growing thing.
[R.]
Johnson.


word: Superdominant
definition:
Superdominant

Su`per*dom"i*nant
(?)
n.
(Mus.)
The sixth tone of the scale; that next above the dominant; -- called also submediant.


word: Supereminency
definition:
Supereminency

Supereminence

{ Su`per*em"i*nence (?), Su`per*em"i*nen*cy (?), }
n.
[L. supereminentia.]
The quality or state of being supereminent; distinguished eminence; as, the supereminence of Cicero as an orator, or Lord Chatham as a statesman.
Ayliffe.

He was not forever beset with the consciousness of his own supereminence.
Prof. Wilson.


word: Supereminent
definition:
Supereminent

Su`per*em"i*nent
(?)
a.
[L. supereminens, p. pr. of supereminere. See Super-, and Eminent.]
Eminent in a superior degree; surpassing others in excellence; as, a supereminent divine; the supereminent glory of Christ.
Su`per*em"i*nent*ly, adv.


word: Supererogant
definition:
Supererogant

Su`per*er"o*gant
(?)
a.
[L. supererogans, p. pr. See Supererogate.]
Supererogatory.
[Obs.]


word: Supererogate
definition:
Supererogate

Su`per*er"o*gate
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Supererogated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Supererogating.]
[L. supererogatus, p. p. of supererogare to spend or pay out over and above; super over, above + erogare to expend or pay out money from the public treasury after asking the consent of the people. See Super-, and Erogate, Rogation.]
To do more than duty requires; to perform works of supererogation; to atone (for a dificiency in another) by means of a surplus action or quality.

The fervency of one man in prayer can not supererogate for the coldness of another.
Milton.


word: Supererogation
definition:
Supererogation

Su`per*er`o*ga"tion
(?)
n.
[L. supererogatio a payment in addition.]
The act of supererogating; performance of more than duty or necessity requires.

Works of supererogation (R. C. Ch.), those good deeds believed to have been performed by saints, or capable of being performed by men, over and above what is required for their own salvation.


word: Supererogatory
definition:
Supererogatory

Su`per*e*rog"a*to*ry
(?)
a.
Performed to an extent not enjoined, or not required, by duty or necessity; as, supererogatory services.
Howell.


word: Superessential
definition:
Superessential

Su`per*es*sen"tial
(?)
a.
Essential above others, or above the constitution of a thing.
J. Ellis.


word: Superexalt
definition:
Superexalt

Su`per*ex*alt"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Superexalted; p. pr. & vb. n. Superexalting.]
To exalt to a superior degree; to exalt above others.
Barrow.


word: Superexcellent
definition:
Superexcellent

Su`per*ex"cel*lent
(?)
a.
[Pref. super- + excellent: cf. L. superexcellens.]
Excellent in an uncommon degree; very excellent.
Drayton.


word: Superfecundation
definition:
Superfecundation

Su`per*fec`un*da"tion
(?)
n.
(Physiol.)
Fertilization of two ova, at the same menstruation, by two different acts of coition.


word: Superfecundity
definition:
Superfecundity

Su`per*fe*cun"di*ty
(?)
n.
Superabundant fecundity or multiplication of the species.


word: Superfetate
definition:
Superfetate

Su`per*fe"tate
(?)
v. i.
[L. superfetare; super above, over + fetare to bring forth.]
To conceive after a prior conception, but before the birth of the offspring.

The female . . . is said to superfetate.
Grew.


word: Superfetation
definition:
Superfetation

Su`per*fe*ta"tion
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. superfétation.]
(Physiol.)
The formation of a fetus at the result of an impregnation occurring after another impregnation but before the birth of the offspring produced by it. This is possible only when there is a double uterus, or where menstruation persists up to the time of the second impregnation.

In then became a superfetation upon, and not an ingredient in, the national character.
Coleridge.


word: Superfete₂
definition:
Superfete

Su`per*fete"
v. t.
To conceive (another fetus) after a former conception.
[Obs.]
Howell.


word: Superficial
definition:
Superficial

Su`per*fi"cial
(?)
a.
[L. superficialis: cf. F. superficiel. See Superficies.]
1.
Of or pertaining to the superficies, or surface; lying on the surface; shallow; not deep; as, a superficial color; a superficial covering; superficial measure or contents; superficial tillage.

2.
Reaching or comprehending only what is obvious or apparent; not deep or profound; shallow; -- said especially in respect to study, learning, and the like; as, a superficial scholar; superficial knowledge.

This superficial tale
Is but a preface of her worthy praise.
Shak.

He is a presumptuous and superficial writer.
Burke.

That superficial judgment, which happens to be right without deserving to be so.
J. H. Newman.


word: Superficialist
definition:
Superficialist

Su`per*fi"cial*ist
n.
One who attends to anything superficially; a superficial or shallow person; a sciolist; a smatterer.


word: Superficiality
definition:
Superficiality

Su`per*fi`ci*al"i*ty
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. superficialité.]
The quality or state of being superficial; also, that which is superficial.
Sir T. Browne.


word: Superficialize
definition:
Superficialize

Su`per*fi"cial*ize
(?)
v. t.
To attend to, or to treat, superficially, or in a shallow or slighting way.
[R.]

It is a characteristic weakness of the day to superficialize evil.
E. P. Whipple.


word: Superficiary
definition:
Superficiary

Su`per*fi"ci*a*ry
(?)
n.
(Rom. Law)
One to whom a right of surface occupation is granted; one who pays quitrent for a house built upon another man's ground.


word: Superficiary₂
definition:
Superficiary

Su`per*fi"ci*a*ry
a.
1.
Of or pertaining to the superficies, or surface; superficial.

2.
(Rom. Law)
Situated or built on another man's land, as a house.


word: Superficies
definition:
Superficies

Su`per*fi"cies
(?)
n.
[L., fr. super above, over + facies make, figure, shape. See Surface.]
1.
The surface; the exterior part, superficial area, or face of a thing.

2.
(Civil Law)
(a)
Everything on the surface of a piece of ground, or of a building, so closely connected by art or nature as to constitute a part of it, as houses, or other superstructures, fences, trees, vines, etc.
(b)
A real right consisting of a grant by a landed proprietor of a piece of ground, bearing a strong resemblance to the long building leases granted by landholders in England, in consideration of a rent, and under reservation of the ownership of the soil.
Bouvier. Wharton.


word: Superfine
definition:
Superfine

Su"per*fine
(?)
a.
1.
Very fine, or most fine; being of surpassing fineness; of extra nice or fine quality; as, superfine cloth.

2.
Excessively fine; too nice; over particular; as, superfine distinctions; superfine tastes.


word: Superfluence
definition:
Superfluence

Su*per"flu*ence
(?)
n.
[L. superfluens, p. pr. of superfluere to flow or run over. See Superfluous.]
Superfluity.
[Obs.]
Hammond.


word: Superfluitant
definition:
Superfluitant

Su`per*flu"i*tant
(?)
a.
[L. super above + fluitans, p. pr. of fluitare intensive fr. fluere to flow.]
Floating above or on the surface.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Su`per*flu"i*tance (#), n. [Obs.]


word: Superfluity
definition:
Superfluity

Su`per*flu"i*ty
(?)
n.
pl. Superfluities (#).
[L. superfluité, L. superfluitas. See Superfluous.]
1.
A greater quantity than is wanted; superabundance; as, a superfluity of water; a superfluity of wealth.

A quiet mediocrity is still to be preferred before a troubled superfluity.
Suckling.

2.
The state or quality of being superfluous; excess.
superfluity
Chaucer.

3.
Something beyond what is needed; something which serves for show or luxury.


word: Superfluous
definition:
Superfluous

Su*per"flu*ous
(?)
a.
[L. superfluus overflowing; super over, above + fluere to flow. See Super-, and Fluent.]
More than is wanted or is sufficient; rendered unnecessary by superabundance; unnecessary; useless; excessive; as, a superfluous price.
Shak.

An authority which makes all further argument or illustration superfluous.
E. Everett.

Superfluous interval (Mus.), an interval that exceeds a major or perfect interval by a semitone.


word: Superfrontal
definition:
Superfrontal

Su`per*fron"tal
(?)
n.
(Eccl.)
A cloth which is placed over the top of an altar, and often hangs down a few inches over the frontal.


word: Superheat
definition:
Superheat

Su`per*heat"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Superheated; p. pr. & vb. n. Superheating.]
1.
To heat too much, to overheat; as, to superheat an oven.

2.
(Steam Engine)
To heat, as steam, apart from contact with water, until it resembles a perfect gas.

3.
To heat (a liquid) above its boiling point without converting it into vapor.


word: Superheated
definition:
Superheated

Su"per*heat`ed
heated to a temperature above the boiling point at the ambient pressure; -- said of liquids.  In such an unstable condition, a small disturbance of the liquid can cause a rapid and sometimes violent ebullition of vapor.


word: Superhive
definition:
Superhive

Su"per*hive`
(?)
n.
A removable upper part of a hive. The word is sometimes contracted to super.


word: Superhuman
definition:
Superhuman

Su`per*hu"man
(?)
a.
Above or beyond what is human; sometimes, divine; as, superhuman strength; superhuman wisdom.


word: Superimpose
definition:
Superimpose

Su`per*im*pose"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Superimposed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Superimposing.]
To lay or impose on something else; as, a stratum of earth superimposed on another stratum.
Su`per*im`po*si"tion (#), n.


word: Superimpregnation
definition:
Superimpregnation

Su`per*im`preg*na"tion
(?)
n.
The act of impregnating, or the state of being impregnated, in addition to a prior impregnation; superfetation.


word: Superincumbency
definition:
Superincumbency

Superincumbence

{ Su`per*in*cum"bence (?), Su`per*in*cum"ben*cy (?), }
n.
The quality or state of being superincumbent.


word: Superincumbent
definition:
Superincumbent

Su`per*in*cum"bent
(?)
a.
[L. superincumbens, p. pr. of superincumbere. See Super-, and Incumbent.]
Lying or resting on something else.


word: Superinduce
definition:
Superinduce

Su`per*in*duce"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Superinduced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Superinducing (?).]
[Pref. super- + induce: cf. L. superinducere to draw over.]
To bring in, or upon, as an addition to something.

Long custom of sinning superinduces upon the soul new and absurd desires.
South.


word: Superinduction
definition:
Superinduction

Su`per*in*duc"tion
(?)
n.
The act of superinducing, or the state of being superinduced.
South.


word: Superinfuse
definition:
Superinfuse

Su`per*in*fuse"
(?)
v. t.
[Pref. super- + infuse: cf. L. superinfundere, superinfusum, to pour over.]
To infuse over.
[R.]


word: Superinspect
definition:
Superinspect

Su`per*in*spect"
(?)
v. t.
[Pref. super- + inspect: cf. L. superinspicere, superinspectum.]
To over see; to superintend by inspection.
[R.]
Maydman.


word: Superinstitution
definition:
Superinstitution

Su`per*in`sti*tu"tion
(?)
n.
One institution upon another, as when A is instituted and admitted to a benefice upon a title, and B instituted and admitted upon the presentation of another.
Bailey.


word: Superintend
definition:
Superintend

Su`per*in*tend"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Superintended; p. pr. & vb. n. Superintending.]
[L. superintendere. See Super-, and Intend.]
To have or exercise the charge and oversight of; to oversee with the power of direction; to take care of with authority; to supervise; as, an officer superintends the building of a ship or the construction of a fort.

The king may appoint a council, who may superintend the works of this nature.
Bacon.


word: Superintendence
definition:
Superintendence

Su`per*in*tend"ence
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. superintendance.]
The act of superintending; care and oversight for the purpose of direction; supervision.
Barrow.


word: Superintendency
definition:
Superintendency

Su`per*in*tend"en*cy
(?)
n.
pl. -cies (_;).
The act of superintending; superintendence.
Boyle.


word: Superintendent
definition:
Superintendent

Su`per*in*tend"ent
(?)
a.
[L. superintendens, p. pr. See Superintend.]
Overseeing; superintending.


word: Superintendent₂
definition:
Superintendent

Su`per*in*tend"ent
(?)
n.
[Cf. OF. superintendant, F. surintendant.  Cf. Surintendant.]
One who has the oversight and charge of some place, institution, or organization, affairs, etc., with the power of direction; as, the superintendent of an almshouse; the superintendent of public works.


word: Superior
definition:
Superior

Su*pe"ri*or
(?)
a.
[L., compar. of superus being above, fr. super above, over: cf. F. supérieur. See Super-, and cf. Supreme.]
1.
More elevated in place or position; higher; upper; as, the superior limb of the sun; the superior part of an image.

2.
Higher in rank or office; more exalted in dignity; as, a superior officer; a superior degree of nobility.

3.
Higher or greater in excellence; surpassing others in the greatness, or value of any quality; greater in quality or degree; as, a man of superior merit; or of superior bravery.

4.
Beyond the power or influence of; too great or firm to be subdued or affected by; -- with to.

There is not in earth a spectacle more worthy than a great man superior to his sufferings.
Spectator.

5.
More comprehensive; as a term in classification; as, a genus is superior to a species.

6.
(Bot.)
(a)
Above the ovary; -- said of parts of the flower which, although normally below the ovary, adhere to it, and so appear to originate from its upper part; also of an ovary when the other floral organs are plainly below it in position, and free from it.
(b)
Belonging to the part of an axillary flower which is toward the main stem; posterior.
(c)
Pointing toward the apex of the fruit; ascending; -- said of the radicle.

Superior conjunction, Superior planets, etc. See Conjunction, Planet, etc. -- Superior figure, Superior letter (Print.), a figure or letter printed above the line, as a reference to a note or an index of a power, etc; as, in x2 + yn, 2 is a superior figure, n a superior letter.  Cf. Inferior figure, under Inferior.


word: Superior₂
definition:
Superior

Su*pe"ri*or
n.
1.
One who is above, or surpasses, another in rank, station, office, age, ability, or merit; one who surpasses in what is desirable; as, Addison has no superior as a writer of pure English.

2.
(Eccl.)
The head of a monastery, convent, abbey, or the like.


word: Superioress
definition:
Superioress

Su*pe"ri*or*ess
n.
(Eccl.)
A woman who acts as chief in a convent, abbey, or nunnery; a lady superior.


word: Superiority
definition:
Superiority

Su*pe`ri*or"i*ty
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. supériorité, LL. superioritas.]
The quality, state, or condition of being superior; as, superiority of rank; superiority in merit.


word: Superjacent
definition:
Superjacent

Su`per*ja"cent
(?)
a.
[L. superjacens, p. pr. of superjacere; super above + jacere to lie.]
Situated immediately above; as, superjacent rocks.


word: Superlation
definition:
Superlation

Su`per*la"tion
(?)
n.
[L. superlatio. See Superlative.]
Exaltation of anything beyond truth or propriety.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.


word: Superlative
definition:
Superlative

Su`per*la"tive
(?)
a.
[L. superlativus, fr. superlatus excessive, used as p. p. of superiorferre, but from a different root: cf. F. superlatif. See Elate, Tolerate.]
1.
Lifted up to the highest degree; most eminent; surpassing all other; supreme; as, superlative wisdom or prudence; a woman of superlative beauty; the superlative glory of the divine character.

2.
(Gram.)
Expressing the highest or lowest degree of the quality, manner, etc., denoted by an adjective or an adverb. The superlative degree is formed from the positive by the use of -est, most, or least; as, highest, most pleasant, least bright.


word: Superlative₂
definition:
Superlative

Su`per*la"tive
n.
1.
That which is highest or most eminent; the utmost degree.

2.
(Gram.)
(a)
The superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs; also, a form or word by which the superlative degree is expressed; as, strongest, wisest, most stormy, least windy, are all superlatives.

Absolute superlative, a superlative in an absolute rather than in a comparative or exclusive sense. See Elative.


word: Superlucration
definition:
Superlucration

Su`per*lu*cra"tion
(?)
n.
[Pref. super- + L. lucratio gain.]
Excessive or extraordinary gain.
[Obs.]
Davenant.


word: Superlunary
definition:
Superlunary

Superlunar

{ Su`per*lu"nar (?), Su`per*lu"na*ry (?), }
a.
Being above the moon; not belonging to this world; -- opposed to sublunary.

The head that turns at superlunar things.
Pope.


word: Superman
definition:
Superman

Su"per*man`
(?)
n.
1.
same as Overman, above.

2.
a fictional character of cartoons, movies and television, with superhuman powers such as great strength, the ability to fly, and x-ray vision.  In the cartoon tale, he was born on the planet Krypton and sent by his parents into space before it exploded, and landed on earth, where he fights for "truth, justice, and the American way".  He works incognito as a reporter at the Daily Planet, and is constantly trying to avoid the uncovering of his secret identity by a co-worker, Lois Lane.


word: Supernacular
definition:
Supernacular

Su`per*nac"u*lar
(?)
a.
Like supernaculum; first-rate; as, a supernacular wine.
[R.]
Thackeray.


word: Supernaculum
definition:
Supernaculum

Su`per*nac"u*lum
(?)
adv. & n.
[NL., from L. super over + G. nagel, a nail, as of the finger, or a corruption of L. super and ungulam claw.]
1.
A kind of mock Latin term intended to mean, upon the nail; -- used formerly by topers.
Nares.

Drinking super nagulum [supernaculum], a device of drinking, new come out of France, which is, after a man hath turned up the bottom of the cup, to drop it on his nail and make a pearl with that is left; which if it slide, and he can not make it stand on by reason there is too much, he must drink again for his penance.
Nash.

2.
Good liquor, of which not enough is left to wet one's nail.
Grose.


word: Supernal
definition:
Supernal

Su*per"nal
(?)
a.
[L. supernus, from super above: cf. F. supernel. See Super-.]
1.
Being in a higher place or region; locally higher; as, the supernal orbs; supernal regions.
supernal
Shak.

2.
Relating or belonging to things above; celestial; heavenly; as, supernal grace.

Not by the sufferance of supernal power.
Milton.


word: Supernatant
definition:
Supernatant

Su`per*na"tant
(?)
a.
[L. supernatanus, p. pr. of supernatare to swim above; super above + natare to swim.]
Swimming above; floating on the surface; as, oil supernatant on water.


word: Supernatation
definition:
Supernatation

Su`per*na*ta"tion
(?)
n.
The act of floating on the surface of a fluid.
Sir T. Browne.


word: Supernatural
definition:
Supernatural

Su`per*nat"u*ral
(?)
a.
[Pref. super- + natural: cf. OF. supernaturel, F. surnaturel.]
Being beyond, or exceeding, the power or laws of nature; miraculous.

That is supernatural, whether it be, that is either not in the chain of natural cause and effect, or which acts on the chain of cause and effect in nature, from without the chain.
Bushnell.

We must not view creation as supernatural, but we do look upon it as miraculous.
McCosh.

The supernatural, whatever is above and beyond the scope, or the established course, of the laws of nature. “Nature and the supernatural.” H. Bushnell.


word: Supernaturalism
definition:
Supernaturalism

Su`per*nat"u*ral*ism
(?)
n.
1.
The quality or state of being supernatural; supernaturalness.

2.
(Theol.)
The doctrine of a divine and supernatural agency in the production of the miracles and revelations recorded in the Bible, and in the grace which renews and sanctifies men, -- in opposition to the doctrine which denies the agency of any other than physical or natural causes in the case.
[Written also supranaturalism.]


word: Supernumerary
definition:
Supernumerary

Su`per*nu"mer*a*ry
(?)
a.
[L. supernumerarius: cf. OF. supernuméraire, F. surnuméraire. See Super-, and Numerary, Number.]
1.
Exceeding the number stated or prescribed; as, a supernumerary officer in a regiment.

2.
Exceeding a necessary, usual, or required number or quality; superfluous; as, supernumerary addresses; supernumerary expense.
Addison.


word: Supernumerary₂
definition:
Supernumerary

Su`per*nu"mer*a*ry
n.
pl. Supernumeraries (_;).
1.
A person or thing beyond the number stated.

2.
A person or thing beyond what is necessary or usual; especially, a person employed not for regular service, but only to fill the place of another in case of need; specifically, in theaters, a person who is not a regular actor, but is employed to appear in a stage spectacle.


word: Superorder
definition:
Superorder

Su`per*or"der
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
A group intermediate in importance between an order and a subclass.


word: Superordination
definition:
Superordination

Su`per*or`di*na"tion
(?)
n.
[Pref. super- + ordination: cf. L. superordinatio.]
The ordination of a person to fill a station already occupied; especially, the ordination by an ecclesiastical official, during his lifetime, of his successor.
Fuller.


word: Superparticular
definition:
Superparticular

Su`per*par*tic"u*lar
(?)
a.
[L. superparticularis. See Super-, and Particular.]
(Math.)
Of or pertaining to a ratio when the excess of the greater term over the less is a unit, as the ratio of 1 to 2, or of 3 to 4.
[Obs.]
Hutton.


word: Superpartient
definition:
Superpartient

Su`per*par"tient
(?)
a.
[L. superpartiens; super over + partiens, p. pr. of partire to divide.]
(Math.)
Of or pertaining to a ratio when the excess of the greater term over the less is more than a unit, as that of 3 to 5, or 7 to 10.
[Obs.]
Hutton.


word: Superphosphate
definition:
Superphosphate

Su`per*phos"phate
(?)
n.
(Chem.)
An acid phosphate.

Superphosphate of lime (Com. Chem.), a fertilizer obtained by trating bone dust, bone black, or phosphorite with sulphuric acid, whereby the insoluble neutral calcium phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2, is changed to the primary or acid calcium phosphate Ca(H2PO4)2, which is soluble and therefore available for the soil.


word: Superphysical
definition:
Superphysical

Su`per*phys"ic*al
(?)
a.
Above or beyond physics; not explainable by physical laws.

Something superphysical and superchemical.
J. Le Conte.


word: Superplant
definition:
Superplant

Su"per*plant`
(?)
n.
A plant growing on another, as the mistletoe; an epiphyte.
[Obs.]
Bacon.


word: Superplus
definition:
Superplus

Su"per*plus
(?)
n.
[Pref. super- + L. plus more. See Surplus.]
Surplus.
[Obs.]
Goldsmith.


word: Superpose
definition:
Superpose

Su`per*pose"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Superposed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Superposing.]
[F. superposer. See Super-, and Pose.]
1.
To lay upon, as one kind of rock on another.

2.
(Geom.)
To lay (a figure) upon another in such a manner that all the parts of the one coincide with the parts of the other; as, to superpose one plane figure on another.


word: Superposition
definition:
Superposition

Su`per*po*si"tion
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. superposition. See Super-, and Position.]
The act of superposing, or the state of being superposed; as, the superposition of rocks; the superposition of one plane figure on another, in geometry.


word: Superpraise
definition:
Superpraise

Su`per*praise"
(?)
v. t.
To praise to excess.

To vow, and swear, and superpraise my parts.
Shak.


word: Superreflection
definition:
Superreflection

Su`per*re*flec"tion
(?)
n.
The reflection of a reflected image or sound.
[R.]
Bacon.


word: Superroyal
definition:
Superroyal

Su`per*roy"al
(?)
a.
Larger than royal; -- said of a particular size of printing and writing paper. See the Note under Paper, n.


word: Supersalient
definition:
Supersalient

Su`per*sa"li*ent
(?)
a.
[Pref. super- + L. saliens p. pr. of salire to leap.]
Leaping upon.
[Obs.]


word: Supersaturate
definition:
Supersaturate

Su`per*sat"u*rate
(?)
v. t.
To add to beyond saturation; as, to supersaturate a solution.


word: Supersaturation
definition:
Supersaturation

Su`per*sat`u*ra"tion
(?)
n.
The operation of supersaturating, or the state of being supersaturated.


word: Superscribe
definition:
Superscribe

Su`per*scribe"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Superscribed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Superscribing.]
[L. superscribere, superscriptum; super over + scribere to write. See Super-, and Scribe.]
To write or engrave (a name, address, inscription, or the like) on the top or surface; to write a name, address, or the like, on the outside or cover of (anything); as, to superscribe a letter.


word: Superscription
definition:
Superscription

Su`per*scrip"tion
(?)
n.
[L. superscriptio. See Superscribe.]
1.
The act of superscribing.

2.
That which is written or engraved on the surface, outside, or above something else; specifically, an address on a letter, envelope, or the like.
Holland.

The superscription of his accusation was written over, The King of the Jews.
Mark xv. 26.

3.
(Pharm.)
That part of a prescription which contains the Latin word recipe (Take) or the sign _;.


word: Supersede
definition:
Supersede

Su`per*sede"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Superseded (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Superseding.]
[L. supersedere, supersessum, to sit above, be superior to, forbear, omit; super above + sedere to sit: cf. F. superséder. See Sit, and cf. Surcease.]
1.
To come, or be placed, in the room of; to replace.

2.
To displace, or set aside, and put another in place of; as, to supersede an officer.

3.
To make void, inefficacious, or useless, by superior power, or by coming in the place of; to set aside; to render unnecessary; to suspend; to stay.

Nothing is supposed that can supersede the known laws of natural motion.
Bentley.

4.
(Old Law)
To omit; to forbear.


word: Supersedeas
definition:
Supersedeas

Su`per*se"de*as
(?)
n.
[L., suspend, set aside, stay, 2d pers. sing. present subjunctive of supersedere. See Supersede.]
(Law)
A writ of command to suspend the powers of an officer in certain cases, or to stay proceedings under another writ.
Blackstone.


word: Supersedure
definition:
Supersedure

Su*per*se"dure
(?)
n.
The act of superseding, or setting aside; supersession; as, the supersedure of trial by jury.
A. Hamilton.


word: Superseminate
definition:
Superseminate

Su`per*sem"i*nate
(?)
v. t.
To sow, as seed, over something previously sown.
[Obs.]

That can not be done with joy, when it shall be indifferent to any man to superseminate what he please.
Jer. Taylor.


word: Supersemination
definition:
Supersemination

Su`per*sem`i*na"tion
(?)
n.
The sowing of seed over seed previously sown.
[Obs.]
Abp. Bramhall.


word: Supersensible
definition:
Supersensible

Su`per*sen"si*ble
(?)
a.
[Pref. super- + sensible: cf. F. supersensible.]
Beyond the reach of the senses; above the natural powers of perception.


word: Supersensitive
definition:
Supersensitive

Su`per*sen"si*tive
(?)
a.
Excessively sensitive; morbidly sensitive.
Su`per*sen"si*tive*ness, n.


word: Superserviceable
definition:
Superserviceable

Su`per*serv"ice*a*ble
(?)
a.
Overofficious; doing more than is required or desired.
superserviceable
Shak.


word: Supersession
definition:
Supersession

Su`per*ses"sion
(?)
n.
[Cf. OF. supersession. See Supersede.]
The act of superseding, or the state of being superseded; supersedure.

The general law of diminishing return from land would have undergone, to that extent, a temporary supersession.
J. S. Mill.


word: supersonic
definition:
supersonic

su`per*son"ic
(?)
a.
1.
Moving at a speed greater than the speed of sound in air; -- this speed varies with altitude, since the speed of sound varies with altitude, as well as with temperature and humidity, being approximately 1129 feet per second at sea level and 984 feet per second at 16 miles altitude.

2.
Capable of moving at speeds higher than the speed of sound; -- of aircraft.


word: Supersphenoidal
definition:
Supersphenoidal

Su`per*sphe*noid"al
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above, or on the dorsal side of, the body of the sphenoid bone.


word: Superstition
definition:
Superstition

Su`per*sti"tion
(?)
n.
[F. superstition, L. superstitio, originally, a standing still over or by a thing; hence, amazement, wonder, dread, especially of the divine or supernatural, fr. superstare to stand over; super over + stare to stand. See Super-, and Stand.]
1.
An excessive reverence for, or fear of, that which is unknown or mysterious.

2.
An ignorant or irrational worship of the Supreme Deity; excessive exactness or rigor in religious opinions or practice; extreme and unnecessary scruples in the observance of religious rites not commanded, or of points of minor importance; also, a rite or practice proceeding from excess of sculptures in religion.

And the truth
With superstitions and traditions taint.
Milton.

3.
The worship of a false god or gods; false religion; religious veneration for objects.

[The accusers] had certain questions against him of their own superstition.
Acts xxv. 19.

4.
Belief in the direct agency of superior powers in certain extraordinary or singular events, or in magic, omens, prognostics, or the like.

5.
Excessive nicety; scrupulous exactness.


word: Superstitionist
definition:
Superstitionist

Su`per*sti"tion*ist
n.
One addicted to superstition.
[Obs.]
superstitionists
Dr. H. More.


word: Superstitious
definition:
Superstitious

Su`per*sti"tious
(?)
a.
[F. superstitieux, L. superstitiosus.]
1.
Of or pertaining to superstition; proceeding from, or manifesting, superstition; as, superstitious rites; superstitious observances.

2.
Evincing superstition; overscrupulous and rigid in religious observances; addicted to superstition; full of idle fancies and scruples in regard to religion.

Ye men of Athens, I perceive that in all things ye are too superstitious.
Acts xvii. 22.

3.
Overexact; scrupulous beyond need.

Superstitious use (Law), the use of a gift or bequest, as of land, etc., for the maintenance of the rites of a religion not tolerated by the law. [Eng.] Mozley & W.


word: Superstratum
definition:
Superstratum

Su`per*stra"tum
(?)
n.
pl. Superstrata (_;).
[NL.: cf. L. supersternere, superstratum, to spread upon. See Super-, and Stratum.]
A stratum, or layer, above another.


word: Superstruct
definition:
Superstruct

Su`per*struct"
(?)
v. t.
[L. superstructus, p. p. of superstruere to build upon; super over + struere to build. See Super-, and Structure.]
To build over or upon another structure; to erect upon a foundation.

This is the only proper basis on which to superstruct first innocency and then virtue.
Dr. H. More.


word: Superstruction
definition:
Superstruction

Su`per*struc"tion
(?)
n.
1.
The act of superstructing, or building upon.

2.
That which is superstructed, or built upon some foundation; an edifice; a superstructure.

My own profession hath taught me not to erect new superstructions upon an old ruin.
Denham.


word: Superstructure
definition:
Superstructure

Su`per*struc"ture
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. superstructure.]
1.
Any material structure or edifice built on something else; that which is raised on a foundation or basis
(Arch.)
all that part of a building above the basement. Also used figuratively.

You have added to your natural endowments the superstructure of study.
Dryden.

2.
(Railway Engin.)
The sleepers, and fastenings, in distinction from the roadbed.


word: Supersubstantial
definition:
Supersubstantial

Su`per*sub*stan"tial
(?)
a.
[Pref. super- + substantial: cf. F. supersubstantiel.]
More than substantial; spiritual.
supersubstantial
Jer. Taylor.


word: Supersulphureted
definition:
Supersulphureted

Su`per*sul"phu*ret`ed
(?)
a.
(Chem.)
Supersulphurized.
[Obs.]
[Written also -sulphuretted.]


word: Supersulphurize
definition:
Supersulphurize

Su`per*sul"phur*ize
(?)
v. t.
(Chem.)
To impregnate or combine with an excess of sulphur.


word: Supertax
definition:
Supertax

Su"per*tax`
(?)
n.
[Super- + tax.]
A tax in addition to the usual or normal tax; specif., in the United Kingdom, an income tax of sixpence for every pound in addition to the normal income tax of one shilling and twopence for every pound, imposed, by the Finance Act of 1909-1910 (c. 8, ss 66, 72), on the amount by which the  income of any person exceeds £3,000 when his total income exceeds £5,000.


word: Supertemporal
definition:
Supertemporal

Su`per*tem"po*ral
(?)
n.
That which is more than temporal; that which is eternal.
[R.]


word: Superterrene
definition:
Superterrene

Su`per*ter*rene"
(?)
a.
[Pref. super- + terrene: cf. L. superterrenus.]
Being above ground, or above the earth.
[R.]


word: Superterrestrial
definition:
Superterrestrial

Su`per*ter*res"tri*al
(?)
a.
Being above the earth, or above what belongs to the earth.
Buckminster.


word: Supertonic
definition:
Supertonic

Su`per*ton"ic
(?)
n.
(Mus.)
The note next above the keynote; the second of the scale.
Busby.


word: Supertuberation
definition:
Supertuberation

Su`per*tu`ber*a"tion
(?)
n.
[Pref. super- + tuber.]
(Bot.)
The production of young tubers, as potatoes, from the old while still growing.


word: Supervacaneous
definition:
Supervacaneous

Su`per*va*ca"ne*ous
(?)
a.
[L. supervacaneus, supervacuus; super over + vacuus empty.]
Serving no purpose; superfluous; needless.
[Obs.]
Howell.


word: Supervene
definition:
Supervene

Su`per*vene"
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Supervened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Supervening.]
[L. supervenire, superventum, to come over, to come upon; super over + venire to come. See Super-, and Come, and cf. Overcome.]
To come as something additional or extraneous; to occur with reference or relation to something else; to happen upon or after something else; to be added; to take place; to happen.

Such a mutual gravitation can never supervene to matter unless impressed by divine power.
Bentley.

A tyrany immediately supervened.
Burke.


word: Supervenient
definition:
Supervenient

Su`per*ven"ient
(?)
a.
[L. superveniens, p. pr.]
Coming as something additional or extraneous; coming afterwards.

That branch of belief was in him supervenient to Christian practice.
Hammond.

Divorces can be granted, a mensa et toro, only for supervenient causes.
Z. Swift.


word: Supervise
definition:
Supervise

Su`per*vise"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Supervised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Supervising.]
[Pref. super- + L. visere to look at attentively, to view, surely, intens. from videre, visum, to see.  Cf. Survise, and Survey.]
1.
To oversee for direction; to superintend; to inspect with authority; as, to supervise the construction of a steam engine, or the printing of a book.

2.
To look over so as to read; to peruse.
[Obs.]
Shak.


word: Supervisor
definition:
Supervisor

Su`per*vis"or
(?)
n.
1.
One who supervises; an overseer; an inspector; a superintendent; as, a supervisor of schools.

2.
A spectator; a looker-on.
[Obs.]
Shak.


word: Supervolute
definition:
Supervolute

Su`per*vo*lute"
(?)
a.
[L. supervolutus, p. p. of supervolvere to roll over; super over + volvere to roll.]
(Bot.)
Having a plaited and convolute arrangement in the bud, as in the morning-glory.


word: Supination
definition:
Supination

Su`pi*na"tion
(?)
n.
[L. supinare, supinatum, to bend or lay backward, fr. supinus supine: cf. F. supination. See Supine.]
(Physiol.)
(a)
The act of turning the hand palm upward; also, position of the hand with the palm upward.
(b)
The act or state of lying with the face upward. Opposed to pronation.


word: Supine
definition:
Supine

Su*pine"
(s&uuptack_;*pīn")
a.
[L. supinus, akin to sub under, super above.  Cf. Sub-, Super-.]
1.
Lying on the back, or with the face upward; -- opposed to prone.

2.
Leaning backward, or inclining with exposure to the sun; sloping; inclined.

If the vine
On rising ground be placed, or hills supine.
Dryden.

3.
Negligent; heedless; indolent; listless.

He became pusillanimous and supine, and openly exposed to any temptation.
Woodward.


word: Supine₂
definition:
Supine

Su"pine
(sū"pīn)
n.
[L. supinum (sc. verbum), from supinus bent or thrown backward, perhaps so called because, although furnished with substantive case endings, it rests or falls back, as it were, on the verb: cf. F. supin.]
(Lat. Gram.)
A verbal noun; or (according to C.F.Becker), a case of the infinitive mood ending in -um and -u, that in -um being sometimes called the former supine, and that in -u the latter supine.


word: Supinity
definition:
Supinity

Su*pin"i*ty
(s&uuptack_;*pĭn"ĭ*t&ybreve_;)
n.
[L. supinitas.]
Supineness.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.


word: Suppalpation
definition:
Suppalpation

Sup`pal*pa"tion
(?)
n.
[L. suppalpari to caress a little; sub under, a little + palpare to caress.]
The act of enticing by soft words; enticement.
[Obs.]


word: Supparasitation
definition:
Supparasitation

Sup*par`a*si*ta"tion
(?)
n.
[See Supparasite.]
The act of flattering to gain favor; servile approbation.
[Obs.]
Bp. Hall.


word: Supparasite
definition:
Supparasite

Sup*par"a*site
(?)
v. t.
[L. supparasitari; sub under, a little + parasitus a parasite.]
To flatter; to cajole; to act the parasite.
[Obs.]
Dr. R. Clerke.


word: Suppedaneous
definition:
Suppedaneous

Sup`pe*da"ne*ous
(?)
a.
[Pref. sub- + L. pes, pedis, a foot: cf. L. suppedaneum a footstool.]
Being under the feet.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.


word: Suppeditate
definition:
Suppeditate

Sup*ped"i*tate
(?)
v. t.
[L. suppeditatus, p. p. of suppeditare to supply.]
To supply; to furnish.
[Obs.]
Hammond.


word: Supper
definition:
Supper

Sup"per
(?)
n.
[OE. soper, super, OF. super, soper, F. souper; originally an infinitive, to sup, take a meal. See Soup, and cf. Sup to take supper.]
A meal taken at the close of the day; the evening meal.

&hand_; Supper is much used in an obvious sense, either adjectively or as the first part of a compound; as, supper time or supper-time, supper bell, supper hour, etc.


word: Supperless
definition:
Supperless

Sup"per*less
a.
Having no supper; deprived of supper; as, to go supperless to bed.
Beau. & Fl.


word: Supping
definition:
Supping

Sup"ping
(?)
n.
1.
The act of one who sups; the act of taking supper.

2.
That which is supped; broth.
[Obs.]
Holland.


word: Supplant
definition:
Supplant

Sup*plant"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Supplanted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Supplanting.]
[F. supplanter, L. supplantare to trip up one's heels, to throw down; sub under + planta the sole of the foot, also, a sucker, slip, sprout.  Cf. Plant, n.]
1.
To trip up.
[Obs.]
Supplanted
Milton.

2.
To displace and take the place of; to supersede; to remove or displace by stratagem; as, a rival supplants another in the favor of a mistress or a prince.

Suspecting that the courtier had supplanted the friend.
Bp. Fell.

3.
To overthrow, undermine, or force away, in order to get a substitute in place of.
[obsolescent]

You never will supplant the received ideas of God.
Landor.

4.
To remove (a thing) and replace it with something else.


word: Supplantation
definition:
Supplantation

Sup`plan*ta"tion
(sŭp`plăn*tā"shŭn)
n.
[Cf. F. supplantation, L. supplantatio hypocritical deceit.]
The act of supplanting or displacing.

Habitual supplantation of immediate selfishness.
Cloeridge.


word: Supple
definition:
Supple

Sup"ple
(sŭp"p'l)
a.
[OE. souple, F. souple, from L. supplex suppliant, perhaps originally, being the knees.  Cf. Supplicate.]
1.
Pliant; flexible; easily bent; as, supple joints; supple fingers.

2.
Yielding; compliant; not obstinate; submissive to guidance; as, a supple horse.

If punishment . . . makes not the will supple, it hardens the offender.
Locke.

3.
Bending to the humor of others; flattering; fawning; obsequious.
Addison.


word: Supple₂
definition:
Supple

Sup"ple
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suppled (sŭp"p'ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Suppling (sŭp"plĭng).]
1.
To make soft and pliant; to render flexible; as, to supple leather.

The flesh therewith she suppled and did steep.
Spenser.

2.
To make compliant, submissive, or obedient.

A mother persisting till she had bent her daughter's mind and suppled her will.
Locke.

They should supple our stiff willfulness.
Barrow.


word: Supple₃
definition:
Supple

Sup"ple
v. i.
To become soft and pliant.

The stones . . . 
Suppled into softness as they fell.
Dryden.


word: Supple-jack
definition:
Supple-jack

Sup"ple-jack`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
(a)
A climbing shrub (Berchemia volubilus) of the Southern United States, having a tough and pliable stem.
(b)
A somewhat similar tropical American plant (Paullinia Curassavica); also, a walking stick made from its stem.

He was in form and spirit like a supple-jack, . . . yielding, but tough; though he bent, he never broke.
W. Irving.

&hand_; This name is given to various plants of similar habit in different British colonies.


word: Supplement
definition:
Supplement

Sup"ple*ment
(?)
n.
[F. supplément, L. supplementum, fr. supplere to fill up. See Supply, v. t.]
1.
That which supplies a deficiency, or meets a want; a store; a supply.
[Obs.]
Chapman.

2.
That which fills up, completes, or makes an addition to, something already organized, arranged, or set apart; specifically, a part added to, or issued as a continuation of, a book or paper, to make good its deficiencies or correct its errors.

3.
(Trig.)
The number of degrees which, if added to a specified arc, make it 180°; the quantity by which an arc or an angle falls short of 180 degrees, or an arc falls short of a semicircle.


word: Supplement₂
definition:
Supplement

Sup"ple*ment
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Supplemented; p. pr. & vb. n. Supplementing.]
To fill up or supply by addition; to add something to.

Causes of one kind must be supplemented by bringing to bear upon them a causation of another kind.
I. Taylor.


word: Supplementary
definition:
Supplementary

Supplemental

{ Sup`ple*men"tal (?), Sup`ple*men"ta*ry (?), }
a.
[Cf. F. supplémentaire.]
Added to supply what is wanted; additional; being, or serving as, a supplement; as, a supplemental law; a supplementary sheet or volume.

Supplemental air (Physiol.), the air which in addition to the residual air remains in the lungs after ordinary expiration, but which, unlike the residual air, can be expelled; reserve air. -- Supplemental bill (Equity), a bill filed in aid of an original bill to supply some deffect in the latter, or to set forth new facts which can not be done by amendment. Burrill. Daniel. -- Supplementary chords (Math.), in an ellipse or hyperbola, any two chords drawn through the extremities of a diameter, and intersecting on the curve.


word: Suppleness
definition:
Suppleness

Sup"ple*ness
(?)
n.
The quality or state of being supple; flexibility; pliableness; pliancy.


word: Suppletory
definition:
Suppletory

Suppletive

{ Sup"ple*tive (?), Sup"ple*to*ry (?), }
a.
[Cf. F. supplétif, LL. suppletivus, from L. supplere, suppletum, to fill up. See Supply.]
Supplying deficiencies; supplementary; as, a suppletory oath.


word: Suppletory₂
definition:
Suppletory

Sup"ple*to*ry
n.
pl. Suppletories (_;).
That which is to supply what is wanted.

Invent suppletories to excuse an evil man.
Jer. Taylor.


word: Suppliance
definition:
Suppliance

Sup*pli"ance
(?)
n.
[From Supply.]
That which supplies a want; assistance; a gratification; satisfaction.
[R.]

The perfume and suppliance of a minute.
Shak.


word: Suppliance₂
definition:
Suppliance

Sup*pli"ance
(?)
n.
[See Suppliant.]
Supplication; entreaty.

When Greece her knee in suppliance bent.
Halleck.


word: Suppliant
definition:
Suppliant

Sup"pli*ant
(?)
a.
[F., p. pr. of supplier to entreat, L. supplicare. See Supplicate, and cf. Supplicant.]
1.
Asking earnestly and submissively; entreating; beseeching; supplicating.

The rich grow suppliant, and the poor grow proud.
Dryden.

2.
Manifesting entreaty; expressive of supplication.

To bow and sue for grace
With suppliant knee.
Milton.


word: Suppliant₂
definition:
Suppliant

Sup"pli*ant
n.
One who supplicates; a humble petitioner; one who entreats submissively.

Hear thy suppliant's prayer.
Dryden.


word: Supplicant
definition:
Supplicant

Sup"pli*cant
(?)
a.
[L. supplicans, p. pr. See Supplicate, and cf. Suppliant.]
Entreating; asking submissively.
Shak.
Sup"pli*cant*ly, adv.


word: Supplicant₂
definition:
Supplicant

Sup"pli*cant
n.
One who supplicates; a suppliant.

The wise supplicant . . . left the event to God.
Rogers.


word: Supplicat
definition:
Supplicat

Sup"pli*cat
(?)
n.
[L., he supplicates.]
(Eng. Universities)
A petition; esp., a written one, with a certificate that the conditions have been complied with.


word: Supplicate
definition:
Supplicate

Sup"pli*cate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Supplicated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Supplicating.]
[L. supplicatus, p. p. of supplicare to supplicate; of uncertain origin, cf. supplex, supplicis, humbly begging or entreating; perhaps fr. sub under + a word akin to placare to reconcile, appease (cf. Placable), or fr. sub under + plicare to fold, whence the idea of bending the knees (cf. Ply, v. t.).  Cf. Supple.]
1.
To entreat for; to seek by earnest prayer; to ask for earnestly and humbly; as, to supplicate blessings on Christian efforts to spread the gospel.

2.
To address in prayer; to entreat as a supplicant; as, to supplicate the Deity.


word: Supplicate₂
definition:
Supplicate

Sup"pli*cate
v. i.
To make petition with earnestness and submission; to implore.

A man can not brook to supplicate or beg.
Bacon.


word: Supplication
definition:
Supplication

Sup`pli*ca"tion
(?)
n.
[F. supplication, L.  supplicatio.]
1.
The act of supplicating; humble and earnest prayer, as in worship.

2.
A humble petition; an earnest request; an entreaty.

3.
(Rom. Antiq.)
A religious solemnity observed in consequence of some military success, and also, in times of distress and danger, to avert the anger of the gods.


word: Supplicatory
definition:
Supplicatory

Sup"pli*ca*to*ry
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. supplicatoire.]
Containing supplication; humble; earnest.


word: Supply
definition:
Supply

Sup*ply"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Supplied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Supplying (?).]
[For older supploy, F. suppléer, OF. also supployer, (assumed) LL. suppletare, from L. supplere, suppletum; sub under + plere to fill, akin to plenus full. See Plenty.]
1.
To fill up, or keep full; to furnish with what is wanted; to afford, or furnish with, a sufficiency; as, rivers are supplied by smaller streams; an aqueduct supplies an artificial lake; -- often followed by with before the thing furnished; as, to supply a furnace with fuel; to supply soldiers with ammunition.

2.
To serve instead of; to take the place of.

Burning ships the banished sun supply.
Waller.

The sun was set, and Vesper, to supply
His absent beams, had lighted up the sky.
Dryden.

3.
To fill temporarily; to serve as substitute for another in, as a vacant place or office; to occupy; to have possession of; as, to supply a pulpit.

4.
To give; to bring or furnish; to provide; as, to supply money for the war.
Prior.


word: Supply₂
definition:
Supply

Sup*ply"
n.
pl. Supplies (_;).
1.
The act of supplying; supplial.
A. Tucker.

2.
That which supplies a want; sufficiency of things for use or want.

Stated supply (Eccl.), a clergyman employed to supply a pulpit for a definite time, but not settled as a pastor. [U.S.] -- Supply and demand. (Polit. Econ.) “Demand means the quantity of a given article which would be taken at a given price. Supply means the quantity of that article which could be had at that price.” F. A. Walker.


word: Supply₃
definition:
Supply

Sup*ply"
a.
Serving to contain, deliver, or regulate a supply of anything; as, a supply tank or valve.

Supply system (Zool.), the system of tubes and canals in sponges by means of which food and water are absorbed. See Illust. of Spongiae.


word: Support
definition:
Support

Sup*port"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Supported; p. pr. & vb. n. Supporting.]
[F. supporter, L. supportare to carry on, to convey, in LL., to support, sustain; sub under + portare to carry. See Port demeanor.]
1.
To bear by being under; to keep from falling; to uphold; to sustain, in a literal or physical sense; to prop up; to bear the weight of; as, a pillar supports a structure; an abutment supports an arch; the trunk of a tree supports the branches.

2.
To endure without being overcome, exhausted, or changed in character; to sustain; as, to support pain, distress, or misfortunes.

This fierce demeanor and his insolence
The patience of a god could not support.
Dryden.

3.
To keep from failing or sinking; to solace under affictive circumstances; to assist; to encourage; to defend; as, to support the courage or spirits.

4.
To assume and carry successfully, as the part of an actor; to represent or act; to sustain; as, to support the character of King Lear.

5.
To furnish with the means of sustenance or livelihood; to maintain; to provide for; as, to support a family; to support the ministers of the gospel.

6.
To carry on; to enable to continue; to maintain; as, to support a war or a contest; to support an argument or a debate.

7.
To verify; to make good; to substantiate; to establish; to sustain; as, the testimony is not sufficient to support the charges; the evidence will not support the statements or allegations.

To urge such arguments, as though they were sufficient to support and demonstrate a whole scheme of moral philosophy.
J. Edwards.

8.
To vindicate; to maintain; to defend successfully; as, to be able to support one's own cause.

9.
To uphold by aid or countenance; to aid; to help; to back up; as, to support a friend or a party; to support the present administration.

Wherefore, bold pleasant,
Darest thou support a published traitor?
Shak.

10.
A attend as an honorary assistant; as, a chairman supported by a vice chairman; O'Connell left the prison, supported by his two sons.

Support arms (Mil.), a command in the manual of arms in responce to which the piece is held vertically at the shoulder, with the hammer resting on the left forearm, which is passed horizontally across the body in front; also, the position assumed in response to this command.


word: Support₂
definition:
Support

Sup*port"
(?)
n.
[F.]
1.
The act, state, or operation of supporting, upholding, or sustaining.

2.
That which upholds, sustains, or keeps from falling, as a prop, a pillar, or a foundation of any kind.

3.
That which maintains or preserves from being overcome, falling, yielding, sinking, giving way, or the like; subsistence; maintenance; assistance; reenforcement; as, he gave his family a good support, the support of national credit; the assaulting column had the support of a battery.

Points of support (Arch.), the horizontal area of the solids of a building, walls, piers, and the like, as compared with the open or vacant spaces. -- Right of support (Law), an easement or servitude by which the owner of a house has a right to rest his timber on the walls of his neighbor's house. Kent.


word: Supportable
definition:
Supportable

Sup*port"a*ble
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. supportable.]
Capable of being supported, maintained, or endured; endurable.
Sup*port"a*ble*ness, n. -- Sup*port"a*bly, adv.


word: Supporter
definition:
Supporter

Sup*port"er
(?)
n.
1.
One who, or that which, supports; as, oxygen is a supporter of life.

The sockets and supporters of flowers are figured.
Bacon.

The saints have a . . . supporter in all their miseries.
South.

2.
Especially, an adherent; one who sustains, advocates, and defends; as, the supporter of a party, faction, or candidate.

3.
(Shipbuilding)
A knee placed under the cathead.

4.
(Her.)
A figure, sometimes of a man, but commonly of some animal, placed on either side of an escutcheon, and exterior to it. Usually, both supporters of an escutcheon are similar figures.

5.
(Med.)
A broad band or truss for supporting the abdomen or some other part or organ.


word: Supportress
definition:
Supportress

Sup*port"ress
(?)
n.
A female supporter.
[R.]

You are my gracious patroness and supportress.
Massinger.


word: Supposable
definition:
Supposable

Sup*pos"a*ble
(?)
a.
Capable of being supposed, or imagined to exist; as, that is not a supposable case.
Sup*pos"a*ble*ness, n. -- Sup*pos"a*bly, adv.


word: Supposal
definition:
Supposal

Sup*pos"al
(?)
n.
The act of supposing; also, that which is supposed; supposition; opinion.
Shak.

Interest, with a Jew, never proceeds but upon supposal, at least, of a firm and sufficient bottom.
South.


word: Suppose
definition:
Suppose

Sup*pose"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Supposed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Supposing.]
[F. supposer; pref. sub- under + poser to place; -- corresponding in meaning to L. supponere, suppositum, to put under, to substitute, falsify, counterfeit. See Pose.]
1.
To represent to one's self, or state to another, not as true or real, but as if so, and with a view to some consequence or application which the reality would involve or admit of; to imagine or admit to exist, for the sake of argument or illustration; to assume to be true; as, let us suppose the earth to be the center of the system, what would be the result?

Suppose they take offence without a cause.
Shak.

When we have as great assurance that a thing is, as we could possibly, supposing it were, we ought not to make any doubt of its existence.
Tillotson.

2.
To imagine; to believe; to receive as true.

How easy is a bush supposed a bear!
Shak.

Let not my lord suppose that they have slain all the young men, the king's sons; for Amnon only is dead.
2 Sam. xiii. 32.

3.
To require to exist or to be true; to imply by the laws of thought or of nature; as, purpose supposes foresight.

One falsehood always supposes another, and renders all you can say suspected.
Female Quixote.

4.
To put by fraud in the place of another.
[Obs.]


word: Supposition
definition:
Supposition

Sup`po*si"tion
(?)
n.
[F. supposition, L. suppositio a placing under, a substitution, fr. supponere, suppositium, to put under, to substitute. The word has the meaning corresponding to suppose. See Sub-, and Position.]
1.
The act of supposing, laying down, imagining, or considering as true or existing, what is known not to be true, or what is not proved.

2.
That which is supposed; hypothesis; conjecture; surmise; opinion or belief without sufficient evidence.

This is only an infallibility upon supposition that if a thing be true, it is imposible to be false.
Tillotson.

He means are in supposition.
Shak.


word: Suppositional
definition:
Suppositional

Sup`po*si"tion*al
(?)
a.
Resting on supposition; hypothetical; conjectural; supposed.
South.


word: Supposititious
definition:
Supposititious

Sup*pos`i*ti"tious
(?)
a.
[L. suppositicus. See Supposition.]
1.
Fraudulently substituted for something else; not being what is purports to be; not genuine; spurious; counterfeit; as, a supposititious child; a supposititious writing.
Bacon.

2.
Suppositional; hypothetical.
[R.]
Woodward.


word: Suppositive
definition:
Suppositive

Sup*pos"i*tive
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. suppositif.]
Including or implying supposition, or hypothesis; supposed.
Sup*pos"i*tive*ly, adv. Hammond.


word: Suppositive₂
definition:
Suppositive

Sup*pos"i*tive
n.
A word denoting or implying supposition, as the words if, granting, provided, etc.
Harris.


word: Suppositor
definition:
Suppositor

Sup*pos"i*tor
(?)
n.
(Med.)
An apparatus for the introduction of suppositories into the rectum.


word: Suppository
definition:
Suppository

Sup*pos"i*to*ry
(?)
n.
pl. Suppositories (#).
[LL. suppositorium, fr. L. suppositorius that is placed underneath: cf. F. suppositoire. See Supposition.]
(Med.)
A pill or bolus for introduction into the rectum; esp., a cylinder or cone of medicated cacao butter.


word: Suppress
definition:
Suppress

Sup*press"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suppressed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suppressing.]
[L. suppressus, p. p. of supprimere to suppress; sub under + premere, pressum, to press. See Sub-, and Press.]
1.
To overpower and crush; to subdue; to put down; to quell.

Every rebellion, when it is suppressed, doth make the subject weaker, and the prince stronger.
Sir J. Davies.

2.
To keep in; to restrain from utterance or vent; as, to suppress the voice; to suppress a smile.
Sir W. Scott.

3.
To retain without disclosure; to conceal; not to reveal; to prevent publication of; as, to suppress evidence; to suppress a pamphlet; to suppress the truth.

She suppresses the name, and this keeps him in a pleasing suspense.
Broome.

4.
To stop; to restrain; to arrest the discharges of; as, to suppress a diarrhea, or a hemorrhage.


word: Suppression
definition:
Suppression

Sup*pres"sion
(?)
n.
[L. suppressio: cf. F. suppression.]
1.
The act of suppressing, or the state of being suppressed; repression; as, the suppression of a riot, insurrection, or tumult; the suppression of truth, of reports, of evidence, and the like.

2.
(Med.)
Complete stoppage of a natural secretion or excretion; as, suppression of urine; -- used in contradiction to retention, which signifies that the secretion or excretion is retained without expulsion.
Quain.

3.
(Gram.)
Omission; as, the suppression of a word.


word: Suppurate
definition:
Suppurate

Sup"pu*rate
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Suppurated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suppurating.]
[L. suppuratus, p. p. of suppurare to suppurate, cause to suppurate; sub under + pus, puris, matter. See Pus.]
To generate pus; as, a boil or abscess suppurates.


word: Suppuration
definition:
Suppuration

Sup`pu*ra"tion
(?)
n.
[L. suppuratio: cf. F. suppuration.]
1.
The act or process of suppurating.

2.
The matter produced by suppuration; pus.


word: Suppurative
definition:
Suppurative

Sup"pu*ra*tive
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. suppuratif.]
Tending to suppurate; promoting suppuration.

Suppurative fever (Med.), pyaemia.


word: Supputate
definition:
Supputate

Sup"pu*tate
(?)
v. t.
[L. supputatus, p. p. of supputare. See Suppute.]
To suppute.
[Obs.]


word: Suppute
definition:
Suppute

Sup*pute"
(?)
v. t.
[F. supputer, or L. supputare; sub under + putare to reckon.]
To reckon; to compute; to suppose; to impute.
[Obs.]
Drayton.


word: Supra
definition:
Supra

Su"pra
(?)
adv.
[L.; akin to super. See Super-.]
Over; above; before; also, beyond; besides; -- much used as a prefix.


word: Supra-acromial
definition:
Supra-acromial

Su`pra-a*cro"mi*al
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above the acromial process of the scapula.


word: Supra-auricular
definition:
Supra-auricular

Su`pra-au*ric"u*lar
(?)
a.
(Zool.)
Situated above the ear coverts, or auriculars; -- said of certain feathers of birds.
n. A supra-auricular feather.


word: Supra-axillary
definition:
Supra-axillary

Su"pra-ax"il*la*ry
(?)
a.
(Bot.)
Growing above the axil; inserted above the axil, as a peduncle. See Suprafoliaceous.


word: Suprabranchial
definition:
Suprabranchial

Su`pra*bran"chi*al
(?)
a.
(Zool.)
Situated above the branchiae; -- applied especially to the upper division of the gill cavity of bivalve mollusks.


word: Suprachoroidal
definition:
Suprachoroidal

Suprachoroid

{ Su`pra*cho"roid (?), Su`pra*cho*roid"al (?), }
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above the choroid; -- applied to the layer of the choroid coat of the eyeball next to the sclerotic.


word: Supraclavicle
definition:
Supraclavicle

Su`pra*clav"i*cle
(?)
n.
(Anat.)
A bone which usually connects the clavicle with the post-temporal in the pectorial arch of fishes.


word: Supraclavicular
definition:
Supraclavicular

Su`pra*cla*vic"u*lar
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
(a)
Situated above the clavicle.
(b)
Of or pertaining to the supraclavicle.


word: Supracondyloid
definition:
Supracondyloid

Supracondylar

{ Su`pra*con"dy*lar (?), Su`pra*con"dy*loid (?), }
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above a condyle or condyles.


word: Supra-esophageal
definition:
Supra-esophageal

Supra-esophagal

{ Su`pra-e*soph"a*gal (?), Su`pra-e`so*phag"e*al (?), }
a.
(Bot. & Zool.)
Situated above, or on the dorsal side of, the esophagus; as, the supra-esophageal ganglion of Crustacea.
[Written also supra-oesophagal, and supra-oesophageal.]


word: Supra-ethmoid
definition:
Supra-ethmoid

Su`pra-eth"moid
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Above, or on the dorsal side of, the ethmoid bone or cartilage.


word: Suprafoliaceous
definition:
Suprafoliaceous

Su`pra*fo`li*a"ceous
(?)
a.
(Bot.)
Inserted into the stem above the leaf, petiole, or axil, as a peduncle or flower.


word: Supraglotic
definition:
Supraglotic

Su`pra*glot"ic
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above the glottis; -- applied to that part of the cavity of the larynx above the true vocal cords.


word: Suprahepatic
definition:
Suprahepatic

Su`pra*he*pat"ic
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated over, or on the dorsal side of, the liver; -- applied to the branches of the hepatic veins.


word: Supra-ilium
definition:
Supra-ilium

Su`pra-il"i*um
(?)
n.
(Anat.)
The cartilaginous cap at the sacral end of the ilium of some animals.


word: Supralapsarian
definition:
Supralapsarian

Su`pra*lap*sa"ri*an
(?)
n.
[Supra- + lapse: cf. F. supralapsaire.]
(Eccl. Hist.)
One of that class of Calvinists who believed that God's decree of election determined that man should fall, in order that the opportunity might be furnished of securing the redemption of a part of the race, the decree of salvation being conceived of as formed before or beyond, and not after or following, the lapse, or fall.  Cf. Infralapsarian.


word: Supralapsarianism
definition:
Supralapsarianism

Su`pra*lap*sa"ri*an*ism
(?)
n.
The doctrine, belief, or principles of the Supralapsarians.


word: Supraloral
definition:
Supraloral

Su`pra*lo"ral
(?)
a.
(Zool.)
Situated above the lores; as, the supraloral feathers of a bird.
n. A supraloral feather.


word: Supralunary
definition:
Supralunary

Supralunar

{ Su`pra*lu"nar (?), Su`pra*lu"na*ry (?), }
a.
Beyond the moon; hence, very lofty.


word: Supramaxillary
definition:
Supramaxillary

Su`pra*max"il*la*ry
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
(a)
Situated over the lower jaw; as, the supramaxillary nerve.
(b)
Of or pertaining to the upper jaw.


word: Supramundane
definition:
Supramundane

Su`pra*mun"dane
(?)
a.
Being or situated above the world or above our system; celestial.


word: Supranaturalism
definition:
Supranaturalism

Su`pra*nat"u*ral*ism
(?)
n.
The state of being supernatural; belief in supernatural agency or revelation; supernaturalism.


word: Supranaturalistic
definition:
Supranaturalistic

Supranaturalist

{ Su`pra*nat"u*ral*ist (?), Su`pra*nat`u*ral*is"tic (?), }
a.
Of or pertaining to supernaturalism; supernaturalistic.


word: Supraoccipital
definition:
Supraoccipital

Su`pra*oc*cip"i*tal
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated over, or in the upper part of, the occiput; of or pertaining to the supraoccipital bone.
n. The supraoccipital bone.

Supraoccipital bone (Anat.), a bone on the dorsal side of the great foramen of the skull, usually forming a part of the occipital in the adult, but distinct in the young.


word: Supraocular
definition:
Supraocular

Su`pra*oc"u*lar
(?)
a.
(Zool.)
Above the eyes; -- said of certain scales of fishes and reptiles.


word: Supraorbitar
definition:
Supraorbitar

Supraorbital

{ Su`pra*or"bit*al (?), Su`pra*or"bit*ar (?), }
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above the orbit of the eye.

Supraorbital point (Anat.), the middle point of the supraorbital line, which is a line drawn across the narrowest part of the forehead, separating the face from the cranium; the ophryon.


word: Suprapedal
definition:
Suprapedal

Su*prap"e*dal
(?)
a.
(Zool.)
Situated above the foot of a mollusk; as, the suprapedal gland.


word: Supraprotest
definition:
Supraprotest

Su`pra*pro"test
(?)
n.
(Mercantile Law)
An acceptance of a bill by a third person after protest for nonacceptance by the drawee.
Burrill.


word: Suprapubic
definition:
Suprapubic

Suprapubian

{ Su`pra*pu"bi*an (?), Su`pra*pu"bic (?), }
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above, or anterior to, the pubic bone.


word: Suprarenal
definition:
Suprarenal

Su`pra*re"nal
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above, or anterior to, the kidneys.
n. A suprarenal capsule.

Suprarenal capsules (Anat.), two small bodies of unknown function in front of, or near, the kidneys in most vertebrates. Also called renal capsules, and suprarenal bodies.


word: Suprascalpulary
definition:
Suprascalpulary

Suprascalpular

{ Su`pra*scalp"u*lar (?), Su`pra*scalp"u*la*ry (?), }
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above, or on the anterior side of, the scapula.


word: Suprasphenoidal
definition:
Suprasphenoidal

Su`pra*sphe*noid"al
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above the sphenoidal bone; as, the suprasphenoidal appendage, or pituitary body.


word: Supraspinal
definition:
Supraspinal

Su`pra*spi"nal
a.
(Anat.)
(a)
Situated above the vertebral column.
(b)
Situated above a spine or spines; supraspinate; supraspinous.


word: Supraspinous
definition:
Supraspinous

Supraspinate

{ Su`pra*spi"nate (?), Su`pra*spi"nous (?), }
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above a spine or spines; especially, situated above, or on the dorsal side of, the neural spines of the vertebral column, or above, or in front of, the spine of the scapula.


word: Suprastapedial
definition:
Suprastapedial

Su`pra*sta*pe"di*al
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, that part of the columella of the ear which projects above the connection with the stapes, as in many animals.
n. The suprastapedial part of the columella.


word: Supratemporal
definition:
Supratemporal

Su`pra*tem"po*ral
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above the temporal bone or temporal fossa.
n. A supratemporal bone.


word: Supratrochlear
definition:
Supratrochlear

Su`pra*troch"le*ar
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated over or above a trochlea or trochlear surface; -- applied esp. to one of the subdivisions of the trigeminal nerve.


word: Supravaginal
definition:
Supravaginal

Su`pra*vag"i*nal
(?)
a.
(Anat.)
Situated above or outside a sheath or vaginal membrane.


word: Supremacy
definition:
Supremacy

Su*prem"a*cy
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. suprématie. See Supreme.]
The state of being supreme, or in the highest station of power; highest or supreme authority or power; as, the supremacy of a king or a parliament.

The usurped power of the pope being destroyed, the crown was restored to its supremacy over spiritual men and causes.
Blackstone.

Oath supremacy, an oath which acknowledges the supremacy of the sovereign in spiritual affairs, and renounced or abjures the supremacy of the pope in ecclesiastical or temporal affairs. [Eng.] Brande & C.


word: Supreme
definition:
Supreme

Su*preme"
(?)
a.
[L. supremus, superlative of superus that is above, upper, fr. super above: cf. F. suprême. See Super-, and cf. Sum.]
1.
Highest in authority; holding the highest place in authority, government, or power.

He that is the supreme King of kings.
Shak.

2.
Highest; greatest; most excellent or most extreme; utmost; greatist possible (sometimes in a bad sense); as, supreme love; supreme glory; supreme magnanimity; supreme folly.

Each would be supreme within its own sphere, and those spheres could not but clash.
De Quincey.

3.
(Bot.)
Situated at the highest part or point.

The Supreme, the Almighty; God.


word: Sur-
definition:
Sur-

Sur-
[F. sur over, above, contr. fr. L. super, supra. See Super-.]
A prefix signifying over, above, beyond, upon.


word: Sura
definition:
Sura

Su"ra
(?)
n.
[Ar., a step, a degree.]
One of the sections or chapters of the Koran, which are one hundred and fourteen in number.


word: Suradanni
definition:
Suradanni

Su`ra*dan"ni
(?)
n.
A valuable kind of wood obtained on the shores of the Demerara River in South America, much used for timbers, rails, naves and fellies of wheels, and the like.


word: Surah
definition:
Surah

Su"rah
(?)
n.
A soft twilled silk fabric much used for women's dresses; -- called also surah silk.


word: Sural
definition:
Sural

Su"ral
(?)
a.
[L. sura the calf of the leg: cf. F. sural.]
(Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the calf of the leg; as, the sural arteries.


word: Surangular
definition:
Surangular

Sur*an"gu*lar
(?)
a.
[Pref. sur- + angular.]
(Anat.)
Above the angular bone; supra-angular; -- applied to a bone of the lower jaw in many reptiles and birds.
n. The surangular bone.


word: Surbase
definition:
Surbase

Sur"base`
(?)
n.
[Pref. sur- + base.]
1.
(Arch.)
A cornice, or series of moldings, on the top of the base of a pedestal, podium, etc. See Illust. of Column.

2.
A board or group of moldings running round a room on a level with the tops of the chair backs.
Knight.


word: Surbased
definition:
Surbased

Sur"based`
(?)
a.
(Arch.)
(a)
Having a surbase, or molding above the base.
(b)
[F. surbaissé.]
Having the vertical height from springing line to crown less than the half span; -- said of an arch; as, a segmental arch is surbased.


word: Surbate
definition:
Surbate

Sur*bate"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surbated; p. pr. & vb. n. Surbating.]
[F. solbatu, p. p., bruised (said of a horse's foot); sole a sole (of a horse's foot) + battu, p. p. of battre to beat.]
1.
To make sore or bruise, as the feet by travel.
[Obs.]

Lest they their fins should bruise, and surbate sore
Their tender feet upon the stony ground.
Spenser.

Chalky land surbates and spoils oxen's feet.
Mortimer.

2.
To harass; to fatigue.
[Obs.]
Clarendon.


word: Surbed
definition:
Surbed

Sur*bed"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surbedded; p. pr. & vb. n. Surbedding.]
[Pref. sur- + bed.]
To set edgewise, as a stone; that is, to set it in a position different from that which it had in the quarry.

It . . . has something of a grain parallel with the horizon, and therefore should not be surbedded.
Gilbert White.


word: Surcease
definition:
Surcease

Sur*cease"
(?)
n.
[F. sursis, from sursis, p. p. of surseoir to suspend, postpone, defer, in OF., to delay, refrain from, forbear, L. supersedere. Surcease is not connected with E. cease. See Supersede.]
Cessation; stop; end.
surcease
Longfellow.

It is time that there were an end and surcease made of this immodest and deformed manner of writing.
Bacon.


word: Surcease₂
definition:
Surcease

Sur*cease"
v. t.
To cause to cease; to end.
[Obs.]
surceast
Spenser.

The nations, overawed, surceased the fight.
Dryden.


word: Surcharge
definition:
Surcharge

Sur*charge"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surcharged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surcharging (?).]
[F. surcharger. See Sur-, and Charge, and cf. Overcharge, Supercharge, Supercargo.]
1.
To overload; to overburden; to overmatch; to overcharge; as, to surcharge a beast or a ship; to surcharge a cannon.

Four charged two, and two surcharged one.
Spenser.

Your head reclined, as hiding grief from view,
Droops like a rose surcharged with morning dew.
Dryden.

2.
(Law)
(a)
To overstock; especially, to put more cattle into, as a common, than the person has a right to do, or more than the herbage will sustain. Blackstone.
(b)
(Equity)
To show an omission in (an account) for which credit ought to have been given.
Story. Daniel.

3.
To print or write a surcharge on (a postage stamp).


word: Surcharge₂
definition:
Surcharge

Sur*charge"
n.
[F.]
1.
An overcharge; an excessive load or burden; a load greater than can well be borne.

A numerous nobility causeth poverty and inconvenience in a state, for it is surcharge of expense.
Bacon.

2.
(Law)
(a)
The putting, by a commoner, of more beasts on the common than he has a right to.
(b)
(Equity)
The showing an omission, as in an account, for which credit ought to have been given.
Burrill.

3.
(Railroads)
A charge over the usual or legal rates.

4.
Something printed or written on a postage stamp to  give it a new legal effect, as a new valuation, a place, a date, etc.; also (Colloq.), a stamp with a surcharge.


word: Surchargement
definition:
Surchargement

Sur*charge"ment
(?)
n.
The act of surcharging; also, surcharge, surplus.
[Obs.]
Daniel.


word: Surcingle
definition:
Surcingle

Sur"cin`gle
(?)
n.
[OE. sursengle, OF. sursangle. See Sur-, and Cingle, Shingles.]
1.
A belt, band, or girth which passes over a saddle, or over anything laid on a horse's back, to bind it fast.

2.
(Eccl.)
The girdle of a cassock, by which it is fastened round the waist.


word: Surcloy
definition:
Surcloy

Sur"cloy
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surcloyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surcloying.]
To surfeit.
[Obs.]


word: Surcoat
definition:
Surcoat

Sur"coat`
(?)
n.
[OE. surcote, OF. surcote. See Sur-, and Coat, and cf. Overcoat.]
1.
A coat worn over the other garments; especially, the long and flowing garment of knights, worn over the armor, and frequently emblazoned with the arms of the wearer.

A long surcoat of pers upon he had..
Chaucer.

At night, or in the rain,
He dons a surcoat which he doffs at morn.
Emerson.

2.
A name given to the outer garment of either sex at different epochs of the Middle Ages.


word: Surcrew
definition:
Surcrew

Sur"crew`
(?)
n.
[From F. surcroît increase, or surcrû, p. p. of surcroître to overgrow.]
Increase; addition; surplus.
[Obs.]
Sir H. Wotton.


word: Surculate
definition:
Surculate

Sur"cu*late
(?)
v. t.
[L. surculatus, p. p. of surculare to purne, from surculus a shoot, sprout. See Surcle.]
To purne; to trim.
[Obs.]
Cockeram.


word: Surculose
definition:
Surculose

Sur"cu*lose`
(?)
a.
[CF. L. sucrulosus woody. See Surcle.]
(Bot.)
Producing suckers, or shoots resembling suckers.


word: Surd
definition:
Surd

Surd
(?)
a.
[L. surdus deaf (whence the meaning, deaf to reason, irrational), perhaps akin to E. swart.  Cf. Sordine.]
1.
Net having the sense of hearing; deaf.
[Obs.]
surd
Sir T. Browne.

2.
Unheard.
[Obs.]
Kenrick.

3.
(Math.)
Involving surds; not capable of being expressed in rational numbers; radical; irrational; as, a surd expression or quantity; a surd number.

4.
(Phonetics)
Uttered, as an element of speech, without tone, or proper vocal sound; voiceless; unintonated; nonvocal; atonic; whispered; aspirated; sharp; hard, as f, p, s, etc.; -- opposed to sonant. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§169, 179, 180.


word: Surd₂
definition:
Surd

Surd
n.
(Math.)
1.
A quantity which can not be expressed by rational numbers; thus, √2 is a surd.

2.
(Phon.)
A surd element of speech. See Surd, a., 4.


word: Sure
definition:
Sure

Sure
(?)
a.
[Compar. Surer (?); superl. Surest.]
[OE. sur, OF. seür, F. sûr, L. securus; se aside, without + cura care. See Secure, and cf. Assure, Insure, Sicker sure.]
1.
Certainly knowing and believing; confident beyond doubt; implicity trusting; unquestioning; positive.

We are sure that the judgment of God is according to truth against them which commit such things.
Rom. ii. 2.

I'm sure care 's an enemy of life.
Shak.

2.
Certain to find or retain; as, to be sure of game; to be sure of success; to be sure of life or health.

3.
Fit or worthy to be depended on; certain not to fail or disappoint expectation; unfailing; strong; permanent; enduring.
sure
Keble.

The Lord will certainly make my lord a sure house; because my lord fighteth the battles of the Lord.
1 Sam. xxv. 28.

The testimony of the Lord is sure.
Ps. xix. 7.

Which put in good sure leather sacks.
Chapman.

4.
Betrothed; engaged to marry.
[Obs.]

The king was sure to Dame Elizabeth Lucy, and her husband before God.
Sir T. More.

I presume . . . that you had been sure as fast as faith could bind you, man and wife.
Brome.

5.
Free from danger; safe; secure.

Fear not; the forest is not three leagues off;
If we recover that we are sure enough.
Shak.

To be sure, or Be sure, certainly; without doubt; as, Shall you do? To be sure I shall. -- To make sure. (a) To make certain; to secure so that there can be no failure of the purpose or object. “Make Cato sure.” Addison. “A peace can not fail, provided we make sure of Spain.” Sir W. Temple. (b) To betroth. [Obs.]

She that's made sure to him she loves not well.
Cotgrave.


word: Sure₂
definition:
Sure

Sure
(?)
adv.
In a sure manner; safely; certainly.
sure
Spenser.

'T is pleasant, sure, to see one's name in print.
Byron.


word: Surely
definition:
Surely

Sure"ly
(?)
adv.
1.
In a sure or certain manner; certainly; infallibly; undoubtedly; assuredly.

In the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.
Gen. ii. 17.

He that created something out of nothing, surely can raise great things out of small.
South.

2.
Without danger; firmly; steadly; securely.

He that walketh uprightly walketh surely.
Prov. x. 9.


word: Sureness
definition:
Sureness

Sure"ness
n.
The state of being sure; certainty.

For more sureness he repeats it.
Woodward.

The law holds with equal sureness for all right action.
Emerson.


word: Suresby
definition:
Suresby

Sures"by
(?)
n.
[Etymol. uncertain. See Rudesby.]
One to be sure of, or to be relied on.
[Obs.]

There is one which is suresby, as they say, to serve, if anything will serve.
Bradford.


word: Surety
definition:
Surety

Sure"ty
(?)
n.
pl. Sureties (#).
[OE. seurte, OF. seürté, F. sûreté. See Sure, Security.]
1.
The state of being sure; certainty; security.

Know of a surety, that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs.
Gen. xv. 13.

For the more surety they looked round about.
Sir P. Sidney.

2.
That which makes sure; that which confirms; ground of confidence or security.

[We] our happy state
Hold, as you yours, while our obedience holds;
On other surety none.
Milton.

3.
Security against loss or damage; security for payment, or for the performance of some act.

There remains unpaid
A hundred thousand more; in surety of the which
One part of Aquitaine is bound to us.
Shak.

4.
(Law)
One who is bound with and for another who is primarily liable, and who is called the principal; one who engages to answer for another's appearance in court, or for his payment of a debt, or for performance of some act; a bondsman; a bail.

He that is surety for a stranger shall smart for it.
Prov. xi. 15.

5.
Hence, a substitute; a hostage.
Cowper.

6.
Evidence; confirmation; warrant.
[Obs.]

She called the saints to surety,
That she would never put it from her finger,
Unless she gave it to yourself.
Shak.


word: Suretyship
definition:
Suretyship

Sure"ty*ship
n.
The state of being surety; the obligation of a person to answer for the debt, default, or miscarriage of another.
Bouvier.


word: Surf
definition:
Surf

Surf
(?)
n.
[Formerly spelled suffe, and probably the same word as E. sough.]
The swell of the sea which breaks upon the shore, esp. upon a sloping beach.

Surf bird (Zool.), a ploverlike bird of the genus Aphriza, allied to the turnstone. -- Surf clam (Zool.), a large clam living on the open coast, especially Mactra solidissima (syn. Spisula solidissima). See Mactra. -- Surf duck (Zool.), any one of several species of sea ducks of the genus Oidemia, especially Oidemia percpicillata; -- called also surf scoter. See the Note under Scoter. -- Surf fish (Zool.), any one of numerous species of California embiotocoid fishes. See Embiotocoid. -- Surf smelt. (Zool.) See Smelt. -- Surf whiting. (Zool.) See under Whiting.


word: Surface
definition:
Surface

Sur"face`
(?)
n.
[F. See Sur-, and Face, and cf. Superficial.]
1.
The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body.

The bright surface of this ethereous mold.
Milton.

2.
Hence, outward or external appearance.

Vain and weak understandings, which penetrate no deeper than the surface.
V. Knox.

3.
(Geom.)
A magnitude that has length and breadth without thickness; superficies; as, a plane surface; a spherical surface.

4.
(Fort.)
That part of the side which is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion.
Stocqueler.

Caustic surface, Heating surface, etc. See under Caustic, Heating, etc. -- Surface condensation, Surface condenser. See under Condensation, and Condenser. -- Surface gauge (Mach.), an instrument consisting of a standard having a flat base and carrying an adjustable pointer, for gauging the evenness of a surface or its height, or for marking a line parallel with a surface. -- Surface grub (Zool.), the larva of the great yellow underwing moth (Triphoena pronuba). It is often destructive to the roots of grasses and other plants. -- Surface plate (Mach.), a plate having an accurately dressed flat surface, used as a standard of flatness by which to test other surfaces. -- Surface printing, printing from a surface in relief, as from type, in distinction from plate printing, in which the ink is contained in engraved lines.


word: Surface₂
definition:
Surface

Sur"face
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surfaced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surfacing (?).]
1.
To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth or plain.

2.
To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in hunting for gold.


word: Surface₃
definition:
Surface

Sur"face
(?)
v. i.
1.
To rise from the depths of a liquid to the surface; as, the submarine surfaced to recharge its batteries.

2.
To become known or public; -- said of information.

3.
To show up, as a person who was in hiding; as, he absconded with the payroll and surfaced in Argentina.


word: Surface loading
definition:
Surface loading

Sur"face load`ing
(Aeronautics)
The weight supported per square unit of surface; the quotient obtained by dividing the gross weight, in pounds, of a fully loaded flying machine, by the total area, in square feet, of its supporting surface.


word: Surface tension
definition:
Surface tension

Sur"face ten"sion
(Physics)
That property, due to molecular forces, which exists in the surface film of all liquids and tends to bring the contained volume into a form having the least superficial area. The thickness of this film, amounting to less than a thousandth of a millimeter, is considered to equal the radius of the sphere of molecular action, that is, the greatest distance at which there is cohesion between two particles. Particles lying below this film, being equally acted on from all sides, are in equilibrium as to forces of cohesion, but those in the film are on the whole attracted inward, and tension results.


word: Surfboat
definition:
Surfboat

Surf"boat`
(?)
n.
(Naut.)
A boat intended for use in heavy surf. It is built with a pronounced sheer, and with a view to resist the shock of waves and of contact with the beach.


word: Surfeit
definition:
Surfeit

Sur"feit
(?)
n.
[OE. surfet, OF. surfait, sorfait, excess, arrogance, crime, fr. surfaire, sorfaire, to augment, exaggerate, F. surfaire to overcharge; sur over + faire to make, do, L. facere. See Sur-, and Fact.]
1.
Excess in eating and drinking.

Let not Sir Surfeit sit at thy board.
Piers Plowman.

Now comes the sick hour that his surfeit made.
Shak.

2.
Fullness and oppression of the system, occasioned often by excessive eating and drinking.

To prevent surfeit and other diseases that are incident to those that heat their blood by travels.
Bunyan.

3.
Disgust caused by excess; satiety.
Sir P. Sidney.

Matter and argument have been supplied abundantly, and even to surfeit.
Burke.


word: Surfeit₂
definition:
Surfeit

Sur"feit
v. i.
1.
To load the stomach with food, so that sickness or uneasiness ensues; to eat to excess.

They are as sick that surfeit with too much as they that starve with nothing.
Shak.

2.
To indulge to satiety in any gratification.


word: Surfeit₃
definition:
Surfeit

Sur"feit
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surfeited; p. pr. & vb. n. Surfeiting.]
1.
To feed so as to oppress the stomach and derange the function of the system; to overfeed, and produce satiety, sickness, or uneasiness; -- often reflexive; as, to surfeit one's self with sweets.

2.
To fill to satiety and disgust; to cloy; as, he surfeits us with compliments.
V. Knox.


word: Surfle
definition:
Surfle

Surfel

{ Sur"fel, Sur"fle  }
(?)
v. t.
[Cf. Sulphur.]
To wash, as the face, with a cosmetic water, said by some to be prepared from the sulphur.
[Obs.]

She shall no oftener powder her hair, [or] surfel her cheeks, . . . but she shall as often gaze on my picture.
Ford.


word: Surfy
definition:
Surfy

Surf"y
(?)
a.
Consisting of, abounding in, or resembling, surf; as, a surfy shore.

Scarce had they cleared the surfy waves
That foam around those frightful caves.
Moore.


word: Surge
definition:
Surge

Surge
(?)
n.
[L. surgere, surrectum, to raise, to rise; sub under + regere to direct: cf. OF. surgeon, sourgeon, fountain. See Regent, and cf. Insurrection, Sortie, Source.]
1.
A spring; a fountain.
[Obs.]
surges
Ld. Berners.

2.
A large wave or billow; a great, rolling swell of water, produced generally by a high wind.

He that doubteth is like the surge of the sea driven by the wind and tossed.
James i. 6 (Rev. Ver.)

He flies aloft, and, with impetuous roar,
Pursues the foaming surges to the shore.
Dryden.

3.
The motion of, or produced by, a great wave.

4.
The tapered part of a windlass barrel or a capstan, upon which the cable surges, or slips.


word: Surge₂
definition:
Surge

Surge
v. i.
1.
To swell; to rise hifg and roll.

The surging waters like a mountain rise.
Spenser.

2.
(Naut.)
To slip along a windlass.


word: Surge₃
definition:
Surge

Surge
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surging (?).]
[Cf. F. surgir to cast anchor, to land.  Cf. Surge, n.]
(Naut.)
To let go or slacken suddenly, as a rope; as, to surge a hawser or messenger; also, to slacken the rope about (a capstan).


word: Surgeon
definition:
Surgeon

Sur"geon
(?)
n.
[OE. surgien, OF. surgien, contr. fr. chirurgien. See Chirurgeon.]
1.
One whose profession or occupation is to cure diseases or injuries of the body by manual operation; one whose occupation is to cure local injuries or disorders (such as wounds, dislocations, tumors, etc.), whether by manual operation, or by medication and constitutional treatment.

2.
(Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of chaetodont fishes of the family Teuthidae, or Acanthuridae, which have one or two sharp lancelike spines on each side of the base of the tail. Called also surgeon fish, doctor fish, lancet fish, and sea surgeon.

Surgeon apothecary, one who unites the practice of surgery with that of the apothecary. Dunglison. -- Surgeon dentist, a dental surgeon; a dentist. -- Surgeon fish. See def. 2, above. -- Surgeon general. (a) In the United States army, the chief of the medical department. (b) In the British army, a surgeon ranking next below the chief of the medical department.


word: Surgeoncy
definition:
Surgeoncy

Sur"geon*cy
(sûr"jŭn*s&ybreve_;)
n.
The office or employment of a surgeon, as in the naval or military service.


word: Surgery
definition:
Surgery

Sur"ge*ry
(sûr"jẽr*&ybreve_;)
n.
[OE. surgenrie, surgerie; cf. OF. cirurgie, F. chirurgie, L. chirurgia, Gr. _;. See Surgeon.]
1.
The art of healing by manual operation; that branch of medical science which treats of manual operations for the healing of diseases or injuries of the body; that branch of medical science which has for its object the cure of local injuries or diseases, as wounds or fractures, tumors, etc., whether by manual operation or by medicines and constitutional treatment.

2.
A surgeon's operating room or laboratory.


word: Surgical
definition:
Surgical

Sur"gi*cal
(sûr"jĭ*kal)
a.
Of or pertaining to surgeons or surgery; done by means of surgery; used in surgery; as, a surgical operation; surgical instruments.

Surgical fever. (Med.) (a) Pyaemia. (b) Traumatic fever, or the fever accompanying inflammation.


word: Surgy
definition:
Surgy

Sur"gy
(sûr"j&ybreve_;)
a.
Rising in surges or billows; full of surges; resembling surges in motion or appearance; swelling.
surgy
Pope.


word: suricate
definition:
suricate

suricat

su"ri*cat, su"ri*cate
(sū"rĭ*kăt)
n.
[F. surikate, from the native name in South Africa.]
(Zool.)
A South African mongooselike viverrine (Suricata suricatta or Suricata tetradactyla) having a lemurlike face and only four toes; called also mierkat, yellow mongoose and zenick.
[Also spelled surikate.]
The animal called zenick seems also to be related to or identical to the mierkat, but no reference can be found on the internet.

Syn. -- meerkat.


word: Surinam toad
definition:
Surinam toad

Su`ri*nam" toad"
(sō`rĭ*näm" t&omacrd`)
prop. n.
(Zool.)
A species of toad native of Surinam.  See Pipa.


word: Surloin
definition:
Surloin

Sur"loin`
(sûr"loin`)
n.
[F. surlonge; sur upon + longe loin. See Sur-, and Loin.]
A loin of beef, or the upper part of the loin.  See Sirloin, the more usual, but not etymologically preferable, orthography.
[Also spelled sirloin.]


word: Surly
definition:
Surly

Sur"ly
(sûr"l&ybreve_;)
a.
[Compar. Surlier (sûr"lĭ*ẽr); superl. Surliest.]
[Probably from sir, and originally meaning, sirlike, i.e., proud. See Sir, and Like, a.]
1.
Arrogant; haughty.
[Obs.]
Cotgrave.

2.
Gloomily morose; ill-natured, abrupt, and rude; severe; sour; crabbed; rough; sullen; gloomy; as, a surly groom; a surly dog; surly language; a surly look.
surly
Shak.

3.
Rough; dark; tempestuous.

Now softened into joy the surly storm.
Thomson.


word: Surmark
definition:
Surmark

Sur"mark`
(sûr"märk`)
n.
(Shipbuilding)
A mark made on the molds of a ship, when building, to show where the angles of the timbers are to be placed.
[Written also sirmark.]


word: Surmise
definition:
Surmise

Sur*mise"
(sûr*mīz")
n.
[OF. surmise accusation, fr. surmettre, p. p. surmis, to impose, accuse; sur (see Sur-) + mettre to put, set, L. mittere to send. See Mission.]
1.
A thought, imagination, or conjecture, which is based upon feeble or scanty evidence; suspicion; guess; as, the surmises of jealousy or of envy.

[We] double honor gain
From his surmise proved false.
Milton.

No man ought to be charged with principles he actually disowns, unless his practicies contradict his profession; not upon small surmises.
Swift.

2.
Reflection; thought.
[Obs.]
Shak.


word: Surmise₂
definition:
Surmise

Sur*mise"
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surmised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surmising.]
To imagine without certain knowledge; to infer on slight grounds; to suppose, conjecture, or suspect; to guess.

It wafted nearer yet, and then she knew
That what before she but surmised, was true.
Dryden.

This change was not wrought by altering the form or position of the earth, as was surmised by a very learned man, but by dissolving it.
Woodward.


word: Surmount
definition:
Surmount

Sur*mount"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surmounted; p. pr. & vb. n. Surmounting.]
[OE. sourmounten, OF. surmonter, sormonter, F. surmonter; sur over + monter to mount. See Sur-, and Mount, v. i.]
1.
To rise above; to be higher than; to overtop.

The mountains of Olympus, Athos, and Atlas, overreach and surmount all winds and clouds.
Sir W. Raleigh.

2.
To conquer; to overcome; as, to surmount difficulties or obstacles.
Macaulay.

3.
To surpass; to exceed.
Spenser.

What surmounts the reach
Of human sense I shall delineate.
Milton.


word: Surmountable
definition:
Surmountable

Sur*mount"a*ble
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. surmontable.]
Capable of being surmounted or overcome; superable.
Sur*mount"a*ble*ness, n.


word: Surmounted
definition:
Surmounted

Sur*mount"ed
a.
1.
(Arch.)
Having its vertical height greater than the half span; -- said of an arch.

2.
(Her.)
Partly covered by another charge; -- said of an ordinary or other bearing.


word: Surmullet
definition:
Surmullet

Sur*mul"let
(?)
n.
[F. surmulet; saur, saure, brownish yellow, red + mulet a mullet. See Sorrel, a., and Mullet.]
(Zool.)
Any one of various species of mullets of the family Millidae, esp. the European species (Millus surmulletus), which is highly prized as a food fish. See Mullet.


word: Surname
definition:
Surname

Sur"name`
(?)
n.
[Pref. sur + name; really a substitution for OE. sournoun, from F. surnom. See Sur-, and Noun, Name.]
1.
A name or appellation which is added to, or over and above, the baptismal or Christian name, and becomes a family name.

&hand_; Surnames originally designated occupation, estate, place of residence, or some particular thing or event that related to the person; thus, Edmund Ironsides; Robert Smith, or the smith; William Turner. Surnames are often also patronymics; as, John Johnson.

2.
An appellation added to the original name; an agnomen.
surname
Shak.

&hand_; This word has been sometimes written sirname, as if it signified sire-name, or the name derived from one's father.


word: Surname₂
definition:
Surname

Sur*name"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surnamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surnaming.]
[Cf. F. surnommer.]
To name or call by an appellation added to the original name; to give a surname to.

Another shall subscribe with his hand unto the Lord, and surname himself by the name of Israel.
Isa. xliv. 5.

And Simon he surnamed Peter.
Mark iii. 16.


word: Suroxidate
definition:
Suroxidate

Sur*ox"i*date
(?)
v. t.
(Chem.)
To combine with oxygen so as to form a suroxide or peroxide.
[Obs.]


word: Surpass
definition:
Surpass

Sur*pass"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surpassed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surpassing.]
[F. surpasser; sur over + passer to pass. See Sur-, and Pass.]
To go beyond in anything good or bad; to perform (an activity) better than; to exceed; to excel.

This would surpass
Common revenge and interrupt his joy.
Milton.


word: Surpassing
definition:
Surpassing

Sur*pass"ing
a.
Eminently excellent; exceeding others.
surpassing
Milton.
Sur*pass"ing*ly, adv. -- Sur*pass"ing*ness, n.


word: Surplice
definition:
Surplice

Sur"plice
(?)
n.
[F. surplis, OF. surpeiz, LL. superpellicium; super over + pellicium, pelliceum, a robe of fur, L. pellicius made of skins. See Pelisse.]
(Eccl.)
A white garment worn over another dress by the clergy of the Roman Catholic, Episcopal, and certain other churches, in some of their ministrations.

Surplice fees (Eccl.), fees paid to the English clergy for occasional duties.


word: Surplus
definition:
Surplus

Sur"plus
(?)
n.
[F., fr. sur over + plus more. See Sur-, and Plus, and cf. Superplus.]
1.
That which remains when use or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess; overplus.

2.
Specifically, an amount in the public treasury at any time greater than is required for the ordinary purposes of the government.


word: Surplus₂
definition:
Surplus

Sur"plus
a.
Being or constituting a surplus; more than sufficient; as, surplus revenues; surplus population; surplus words.

When the price of corn falleth, men give over surplus tillage, and break no more ground.
Carew.


word: Surplusage
definition:
Surplusage

Sur"plus*age
(?)
n.
[See Surplus, and cf. Superplusage.]
1.
Surplus; excess; overplus; as, surplusage of grain or goods beyond what is wanted.

Take what thou please of all this surplusage.
Spenser.

A surplusage given to one part is paid out of a reduction from another part of the same creature.
Emerson.

2.
(Law)
Matter in pleading which is not necessary or relevant to the case, and which may be rejected.

3.
(Accounts)
A greater disbursement than the charge of the accountant amounts to.
[Obs.]
Rees.


word: Surprisal
definition:
Surprisal

Sur*pris"al
(?)
n.
[See Surprise, n.]
The act of surprising, or state of being surprised; surprise.

How to secure the lady from surprisal.
Milton.

Because death is uncertain, let us prevent its surprisal.
Barrow.


word: Surprise
definition:
Surprise

Sur*prise"
(?)
n.
[F. surprise, fr. surprendre, surpris; sur over + prendre to take, L. prehendere. See Sur-, and Prehensile.]
1.
The act of coming upon, or taking, unawares; the act of seizing unexpectedly; surprisal; as, the fort was taken by surprise.

2.
The state of being surprised, or taken unawares, by some act or event which could not reasonably be foreseen; emotion excited by what is sudden and strange; a suddenly excited feeling of wonder or astonishment.

Pure surprise and fear
Made me to quit the house.
Shak.

3.
Anything that causes such a state or emotion.

4.
A dish covered with a crust of raised paste, but with no other contents.
[Obs.]
King.

Surprise party, a party of persons who assemble by mutual agreement, and without invitation, at the house of a common friend. [U.S.] Bartlett.


word: Surprise₂
definition:
Surprise

Sur*prise"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surprised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surprising.]
[From Surprise, n.: cf. F. surprendre, p. p. surpris.]
1.
To come or fall suddenly and unexpectedly; to take unawares; to seize or capture by unexpected attack.

Fearfulness hath surprised the hypocrites.
Isa. xxxiii. 14.

The castle of Macduff I will surprise.
Shak.

Who can speak
The mingled passions that surprised his heart?
Thomson.

2.
To strike with wonder, astonishment, or confusion, by something sudden, unexpected, or remarkable; to confound; as, his conduct surprised me.

I am surprised with an uncouth fear.
Shak.

Up he starts,
Discovered and surprised.
Milton.

3.
To lead (one) to do suddenly and without forethought; to bring (one) into some unexpected state; -- with into; as, to be surprised into an indiscretion; to be surprised into generosity.

4.
To hold possession of; to hold.
[Obs.]

Not with me,
That in my hands surprise the sovereignity.
J. Webster.


word: Surprising
definition:
Surprising

Sur*pris"ing
a.
Exciting surprise; extraordinary; of a nature to excite wonder and astonishment; as, surprising bravery; a surprising escape from danger.
Sur*pris"ing*ly, adv. -- Sur*pris"ing*ness, n.


word: Surquedrous
definition:
Surquedrous

Surquedous

{ Sur"que*dous (?), Sur"que*drous (?), }
a.
Having or exhibiting surquedry; arrogant; insolent.
[Obs.]
Gower. James II. of Scot.


word: Surquidry
definition:
Surquidry

Surquedry

{ Sur"que*dry (?), Sur"qui*dry  }
n.
[OF. surcuidier to presume; sur over + cuidier to think, L. cogitare. See Sur-, and Cogitate.]
Overweening pride; arrogance; presumption; insolence.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.

Then pay you the price of your surquedry.
Spenser.


word: Surrebut
definition:
Surrebut

Sur`re*but"
(?)
v. i.
[Pref. sur + rebut.]
(Law)
To reply, as a plaintiff to a defendant's rebutter.


word: Surrejoin
definition:
Surrejoin

Sur`re*join"
(?)
v. i.
[Pref. sur + rejoin.]
(Law)
To reply, as a plaintiff to a defendant's rejoinder.


word: Surrender
definition:
Surrender

Sur*ren"der
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surrendered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surrendering.]
[OF. surrendre to deliver; sur over + rendre to render. See Sur-, and Render.]
1.
To yield to the power of another; to give or deliver up possession of (anything) upon compulsion or demand; as, to surrender one's person to an enemy or to an officer; to surrender a fort or a ship.

2.
To give up possession of; to yield; to resign; as, to surrender a right, privilege, or advantage.

To surrender up that right which otherwise their founders might have in them.
Hooker.

3.
To yield to any influence, emotion, passion, or power; -- used reflexively; as, to surrender one's self to grief, to despair, to indolence, or to sleep.

4.
(Law)
To yield; to render or deliver up; to give up; as, a principal surrendered by his bail, a fugitive from justice by a foreign state, or a particular estate by the tenant thereof to him in remainder or reversion.


word: Surrender₂
definition:
Surrender

Sur*ren"der
v. i.
To give up one's self into the power of another; to yield; as, the enemy, seeing no way of escape, surrendered at the first summons.


word: Surrender₃
definition:
Surrender

Sur*ren"der
n.
1.
The act of surrendering; the act of yielding, or resigning one's person, or the possession of something, into the power of another; as, the surrender of a castle to an enemy; the surrender of a right.

That he may secure some liberty he makes a surrender in trust of the whole of it.
Burke.

2.
(Law)
(a)
The yielding of a particular estate to him who has an immediate estate in remainder or reversion.
(b)
The giving up of a principal into lawful custody by his bail.
(c)
The delivery up of fugitives from justice by one government to another, as by a foreign state. See Extradition.
Wharton.

3.
(Insurance)
The voluntary cancellation of the legal liability of the company by the insured and beneficiary for a consideration (called the surrender value).


word: Surreption
definition:
Surreption

Sur*rep"tion
(?)
n.
[L. surreptio, or subreptio.  Cf. Subreption.]
1.
The act or process of getting in a surreptitious manner, or by craft or stealth.

Fame by surreption got
May stead us for the time, but lasteth not.
B. Jonson.

2.
A coming unperceived or suddenly.


word: Surreptitious
definition:
Surreptitious

Sur`rep*ti"tious
(?)
a.
[L. surreptitius, or subreptitius, fr. surripere, subripere, to snatch away, to withdraw privily; sub- under + rapere to snatch. See Sub-, and Ravish.]
Done or made by stealth, or without proper authority; made or introduced fraudulently; clandestine; stealthy; as, a surreptitious passage in an old manuscript; a surreptitious removal of goods.
Sur`rep*ti"tious*ly, adv.


word: Surrey
definition:
Surrey

Sur"rey
(?)
n.
A four-wheeled pleasure carriage, (commonly two-seated) somewhat like a phaeton, but having a straight bottom.


word: Surrogate
definition:
Surrogate

Sur"ro*gate
(?)
n.
[L. surrogatus, p. p. of surrogare, subrogare, to put in another's place, to substitute; sub under + rogare to ask, ask for a vote, propose a law. See Rogation, and cf. Subrogate.]
1.
A deputy; a delegate; a substitute.

2.
The deputy of an ecclesiastical judge, most commonly of a bishop or his chancellor, especially a deputy who grants marriage licenses.
[Eng.]

3.
In some States of the United States, an officer who presides over the probate of wills and testaments and yield the settlement of estates.

4.
a surrogate mother.


word: Surrogate mother
definition:
Surrogate mother

Sur"ro*gate mother
(?)
n.
1.
a person or who serves in place of the biological mother for child, as for caring or nurturing.

2.
a female animal that raises and nurses the offspring of another animal.

3.
a woman who becomes pregnant by an artificial procedure (one other than copulation), and bears a child to be raised by another person. The person on whose behalf the child is gestated and born is usually one of the biological parents.  The embryo carried by the surrogate mother may be created by in vitro fertilization, and may have no genetic material from the surrogate mother, or the surrogate mother may be impregnated by artificial insemination, usually by sperm donated by the father who is to raise the child.
The procedure is common but controversial, and in some states of the United States, contracts for surrogacy are not considered enforceable.


word: Surrogation
definition:
Surrogation

Sur`ro*ga"tion
(?)
n.
[See Surrogate, n., and cf. Subrogation.]
The act of substituting one person in the place of another.
[R.]
Killingbeck.


word: Surround
definition:
Surround

Sur*round"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surrounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Surrounding.]
[OF. suronder to overflow, LL. superundare; fr. L. super over + undare to rise in waves, overflow, fr. unda wave. The English sense is due to the influence of E. round. See Super-, and Undulate, and cf. Abound.]
1.
To inclose on all sides; to encompass; to environ.

2.
To lie or be on all sides of; to encircle; as, a wall surrounds the city.

But could instead, and ever-during dark
Surrounds me.
Milton.

3.
To pass around; to travel about; to circumnavigate; as, to surround the world.
[Obs.]
Fuller.

4.
(Mil.)
To inclose, as a body of troops, between hostile forces, so as to cut off means of communication or retreat; to invest, as a city.


word: Surround₂
definition:
Surround

Sur*round"
n.
A method of hunting some animals, as the buffalo, by surrounding a herd, and driving them over a precipice, into a ravine, etc.
[U.S.]
Baird.


word: Surrounding₂
definition:
Surrounding

Sur*round"ing
n.
1.
An encompassing.

2.
pl.
The things which surround or environ; external or attending circumstances or conditions.


word: Surroyal
definition:
Surroyal

Sur*roy"al
(?)
n.
[Pref. sur- + royal.]
(Zool.)
One of the terminal branches or divisions of the beam of the antler of the stag or other large deer.


word: Sursanure
definition:
Sursanure

Sur"sa*nure
(?)
n.
[(Assumed) OF. sursaneüre. See Sur-, and Sane.]
A wound healed or healing outwardly only.
[Obs.]

Of a sursanure
In surgery is perilous the cure.
Chaucer.


word: Surseance
definition:
Surseance

Sur"se*ance
(?)
n.
[OF., fr. OF. & F. surseoir. See Surcease.]
Peace; quiet.
[Obs.]
Bacon.


word: Sursolid
definition:
Sursolid

Sur*sol"id
(?)
n.
[F. sursolide. See Sur-, and Solid.]
(Math.)
The fifth power of a number; as, a_; is the sursolid of a, or 32 that of 2.
[R.]
Hutton.


word: Sursum corda
definition:
Sursum corda

Sur"sum cor"da
(?)
[L. sursum upward + corda hearts.]
(Eccl.)
In the Eucharist, the versicles immediately before the preface, inviting the people to join in the service by “lifting up the heart” to God.


word: Surtout
definition:
Surtout

Sur*tout"
(?)
n.
[F., fr. sur over + tout all.]
A man's coat to be worn over his other garments; an overcoat, especially when long, and fitting closely like a body coat.
Gay.


word: Surturbrand
definition:
Surturbrand

Sur"tur*brand
(?)
n.
[Icel. surtarbrandr; svartr black + brandr a firebrand.]
A fibrous brown coal or bituminous wood.


word: Surveillance
definition:
Surveillance

Sur*veil"lance
(?)
n.
[F., fr. surveiller to watch over; sur over + veiller to watch, L. vigilare. See Sur-, and Vigil.]
Oversight; watch; inspection; supervision.

That sort of surveillance of which . . . the young have accused the old.
Sir W. Scott.


word: Surveillant
definition:
Surveillant

Sur*veil"lant
(?)
n.
pl. Surveillants (#).
[F., fr. surveiller to watch over. See Surveillance.]
One who watches over another; an overseer; a spy; a supervisor.


word: Survene
definition:
Survene

Sur*vene"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Survened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Survening.]
[F. survenir. See Supervene.]
To supervene upon; to come as an addition to.
[Obs.]

A suppuration that survenes lethargies.
Harvey.


word: Survenue
definition:
Survenue

Sur"ve*nue
(?)
n.
[OF. See Survene.]
A sudden or unexpected coming or stepping on.
[Obs.]


word: Survey
definition:
Survey

Sur*vey"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Surveyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surveying.]
[OF. surveoir, surveer; sur, sor, over, E. sur + veoir, veeir, to see, F. voir, L. videre. See Sur-, and Vision, and cf. Supervise.]
1.
To inspect, or take a view of; to view with attention, as from a high place; to overlook; as, to stand on a hill, and survey the surrounding country.

Round he surveys and well might, where he stood,
So high above.
Milton.

2.
To view with a scrutinizing eye; to examine.

With such altered looks, . . . 
All pale and speechless, he surveyed me round.
Dryden.

3.
To examine with reference to condition, situation, value, etc.; to examine and ascertain the state of; as, to survey a building in order to determine its value and exposure to loss by fire.

4.
To determine the form, extent, position, etc., of, as a tract of land, a coast, harbor, or the like, by means of linear and angular measurments, and the application of the principles of geometry and trigonometry; as, to survey land or a coast.

5.
To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and value of the same.
[Eng.]
Jacob (Law Dict.).


word: Survey₂
definition:
Survey

Sur"vey
(?)
n.
[Formerly accentuated universally on the last syllable, and still so accented by many speakers.]
1.
The act of surveying; a general view, as from above.

Under his proud survey the city lies.
Sir J. Denham.

2.
A particular view; an examination, especially an official examination, of all the parts or particulars of a thing, with a design to ascertain the condition, quantity, or quality; as, a survey of the stores of a ship; a survey of roads and bridges; a survey of buildings.

3.
The operation of finding the contour, dimensions, position, or other particulars of, as any part of the earth's surface, whether land or water; also, a measured plan and description of any portion of country, or of a road or line through it.

Survey of dogs. See Court of regard, under Regard. -- Trigonometrical survey, a survey of a portion of country by measuring a single base, and connecting it with various points in the tract surveyed by a series of triangles, the angles of which are carefully measured, the relative positions and distances of all parts being computed from these data.


word: Surveying
definition:
Surveying

Sur*vey"ing
n.
That branch of applied mathematics which teaches the art of determining the area of any portion of the earth's surface, the length and directions of the bounding lines, the contour of the surface, etc., with an accurate delineation of the whole on paper; the act or occupation of making surveys.

Geodetic surveying, geodesy. -- Maritime surveying, or Nautical surveying, that branch of surveying which determines the forms of coasts and harbors, the entrances of rivers, with the position of islands, rocks, and shoals, the depth of water, etc. -- Plane surveying. See under Plane, a. -- Topographical surveying, that branch of surveying which involves the process of ascertaining and representing upon a plane surface the contour, physical features, etc., of any portion of the surface of the earth.


word: Surveyor
definition:
Surveyor

Sur*vey"or
(?)
n.
1.
One placed to superintend others; an overseer; an inspector.

Were 't not madness then,
To make the fox surveyor of the fold?
Shak.

2.
One who views and examines for the purpose of ascertaining the condition, quantity, or quality of anything; as, a surveyor of highways, ordnance, etc.

3.
One who surveys or measures land; one who practices the art of surveying.

4.
(Customs)
(a)
An officer who ascertains the contents of casks, and the quantity of liquors subject to duty; a gauger.
(b)
In the United States, an officer whose duties include the various measures to be taken for ascertaining the quantity, condition, and value of merchandise brought into a port.
Abbot.

Surveyor general. (a) A principal surveyor; as, the surveyor general of the king's manors, or of woods and parks. [Eng.] (b) An officer having charge of the survey of the public lands of a land district. [U.S.] Davies & Peck (Math. Dict.). -- Surveyor's compass. See Circumferentor. -- Surveyor's level. See under Level.


word: Surview
definition:
Surview

Sur*view"
(?)
v. t.
[Pref. sur- + view.  Cf. Survey.]
To survey; to make a survey of.
[Obs.]
surview
Spenser.


word: Survise
definition:
Survise

Sur*vise"
(?)
v. t.
[See Supervise, and Survey.]
To look over; to supervise.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.


word: Survival
definition:
Survival

Sur*viv"al
(?)
n.
[From Survive.]
1.
A living or continuing longer than, or beyond the existence of, another person, thing, or event; an outliving.

2.
(Arhaeol. & Ethnol.)
Any habit, usage, or belief, remaining from ancient times, the origin of which is often unknown, or imperfectly known.

The close bearing of the doctrine of survival on the study of manners and customs.
Tylor.

Survival of the fittest. (Biol.) See Natural selection, under Natural.


word: Survivancy
definition:
Survivancy

Survivance

{ Sur*viv"ance (?), Sur*viv"an*cy (?), }
n.
[F. survivance.]
Survivorship.
[R.]

His son had the survivance of the stadtholdership.
Bp. Burnet.


word: Survive
definition:
Survive

Sur*vive"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Survived (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surviving.]
[F. survivre, L. supervivere; super over + vivere to live. See Super-, and Victuals.]
To live beyond the life or existence of; to live longer than; to outlive; to outlast; as, to survive a person or an event.
Cowper.

I'll assure her of
Her widowhood, be it that she survive me,
In all my lands and leases whatsoever.
Shak.


word: Survive₂
definition:
Survive

Sur*vive"
v. i.
To remain alive; to continue to live.

Thy pleasure,
Which, when no other enemy survives,
Still conquers all the conquerors.
Sir J. Denham.

Alike are life and death,
When life in death survives.
Longfellow.


word: Surviving
definition:
Surviving

Sur*viv"ing
a.
Remaining alive; yet living or existing; as, surviving friends; surviving customs.


word: Survivor
definition:
Survivor

Sur*viv"or
(?)
n.
1.
One who survives or outlives another person, or any time, event, or thing.

The survivor bound
In filial obligation for some term
To do obsequious sorrow.
Shak.

2.
(Law)
The longer liver of two joint tenants, or two persons having a joint interest in anything.
Blackstone.


word: Survivorship
definition:
Survivorship

Sur*viv"or*ship
n.
1.
The state of being a survivor.

1.
(Law)
The right of a joint tenant, or other person who has a joint interest in an estate, to take the whole estate upon the death of other.
Blackstone.

Chance of survivorship, the chance that a person of a given age has of surviving another of a giving age; thus, by the Carlisle tables of mortality the chances of survivorship for two persons, aged 25 and 65, are 89 and 11 respectively, or about 8 to 1 that the elder die first.


word: Susceptibility
definition:
Susceptibility

Sus*cep`ti*bil"i*ty
(?)
n.
pl. Susceptibilities (#).
[Cf. F. susceptibilité.]
1.
The state or quality of being susceptible; the capability of receiving impressions, or of being affected.

2.
Specifically, capacity for deep feeling or emotional excitement; sensibility, in its broadest acceptation; impressibility; sensitiveness.

Magnetic susceptibility (Physics), the intensity of magnetization of a body placed in a uniform megnetic field of unit strength. Sir W. Thomson.


word: Susceptible
definition:
Susceptible

Sus*cep"ti*ble
(?)
a.
[F., from L. suscipere, susceptum, to take up, to support, undertake, recognize, admit; pref. sus (see Sub-) + capere to take. See Capable.]
1.
Capable of admitting anything additional, or any change, affection, or influence; readily acted upon; as, a body susceptible of color or of alteration.

It sheds on souls susceptible of light,
The glorious dawn of our eternal day.
Young.

2.
Capable of impression; having nice sensibility; impressible; tender; sensitive; as, children are more susceptible than adults; a man of a susceptible heart.

Candidates are . . . not very susceptible of affronts.
Cowper.

I am constitutionally susceptible of noises.
Lamb.


word: Susception
definition:
Susception

Sus*cep"tion
(?)
n.
[L. susceptio: cf. F. susception. See Susceptible.]
The act of taking; reception.


word: Susceptor
definition:
Susceptor

Sus*cep"tor
(?)
n.
[L. See Susceptible.]
One who undertakes anything; specifically, a godfather; a sponsor; a guardian.
Puller. Shipley.


word: Suscipient
definition:
Suscipient

Sus*cip"i*ent
(?)
a.
[L. suscipiens, p. pr. of suscipere. See Susceptible.]
Receiving; admitting.
[R.]


word: Suscitability
definition:
Suscitability

Sus`ci*ta*bil"i*ty
(?)
n.
Capability of being suscitated; excitability.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.


word: Suscitate
definition:
Suscitate

Sus"ci*tate
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suscitated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suscitating.]
[L. suscitatus, p. p. of suscitare to lift up, to rouse; pref. sus- (see Sub-) + citare to rouse, excite.  Cf. Excite, Incite.]
To rouse; to excite; to call into life and action.
[Obs.]


word: Suscitation
definition:
Suscitation

Sus`ci*ta"tion
(?)
n.
[L. suscitatio: cf. F. suscitation.]
The act of raising or exciting.
[R.]

A mere suscitation or production of a thing.
South.


word: Suslik
definition:
Suslik

Sus"lik
(?)
n.
[Russ. súslik'.]
(Zool.)
A ground squirrel (Spermophilus citillus) of Europe and Asia. It has large cheek pouches.
[Written also souslik.]


word: Suspect
definition:
Suspect

Sus*pect"
(?)
a.
[L. suspectus, p. p. of suspicere to look up, admire, esteem, to look at secretly or askance, to mistrust; sub under + specere to look: cf. F. suspect suspected, suspicious. See Spy, and cf. Suspicion.]
1.
Suspicious; inspiring distrust.
[Obs.]

Suspect [was] his face, suspect his word also.
Chaucer.

2.
Suspected; distrusted.
[Obs.]

What I can do or offer is suspect.
Milton.


word: Suspect₂
definition:
Suspect

Sus*pect"
n.
[LL. suspectus. See Suspect, a.]
1.
Suspicion.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.

So with suspect, with fear and grief, dismayed.
Fairfax.

2.
One who, or that which, is suspected; an object of suspicion; -- formerly applied to persons and things; now, only to persons suspected of crime.
Bacon.


word: Suspect₃
definition:
Suspect

Sus*pect"
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suspected; p. pr. & vb. n. Suspecting.]
1.
To imagine to exist; to have a slight or vague opinion of the existence of, without proof, and often upon weak evidence or no evidence; to mistrust; to surmise; -- commonly used regarding something unfavorable, hurtful, or wrong; as, to suspect the presence of disease.

Nothing makes a man suspect much, more than to know little; and therefore men should remedy suspicion by procuring to know more.
Bacon.

From her hand I could suspect no ill.
Milton.

2.
To imagine to be guilty, upon slight evidence, or without proof; as, to suspect one of equivocation.

3.
To hold to be uncertain; to doubt; to mistrust; to distruct; as, to suspect the truth of a story.
Addison.

4.
To look up to; to respect.
[Obs.]


word: Suspect₄
definition:
Suspect

Sus*pect"
v. i.
To imagine guilt; to have a suspicion or suspicions; to be suspicious.

If I suspect without cause, why then make sport at me.
Shak.


word: Suspectful
definition:
Suspectful

Sus*pect"ful
(?)
a.
Apt to suspect or mistrust; full of suspicion; suspicious; as, to be suspectful of the motives of others.
Milton.
Sus*pect"ful*ness, n.


word: Suspectiousness
definition:
Suspectiousness

Sus*pec"tious*ness
(?)
n.
Suspiciousness; cause for suspicion.
[Obs. & R.]
Ld. Berners.


word: Suspectless
definition:
Suspectless

Sus*pect"less
(?)
a.
1.
Not suspecting; having no suspicion.
[R.]
Sir T. Herbert.

2.
Not suspected; not mistrusted.
[R.]
Beau. & Fl.


word: Suspend
definition:
Suspend

Sus*pend"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Suspended; p. pr. & vb. n. Suspending.]
[F. suspendre, or OF. souspendre (where the prefix is L. subtus below, from sub under), L. suspendere, suspensum; pref. sus- (see Sub-) + pendere to hang. See Pedant, and cf. Suspense, n.]
1.
To attach to something above; to hang; as, to suspend a ball by a thread; to suspend a needle by a loadstone.

2.
To make to depend; as, God hath suspended the promise of eternal life on the condition of obedience and holiness of life.
[Archaic]
Tillotson.

3.
To cause to cease for a time; to hinder from proceeding; to interrupt; to delay; to stay.

Suspend your indignation against my brother.
Shak.

The guard nor fights nor fies; their fate so near
At once suspends their courage and their fear.
Denham.

4.
To hold in an undetermined or undecided state; as, to suspend one's judgment or opinion.
Locke.

5.
To debar, or cause to withdraw temporarily, from any privilege, from the execution of an office, from the enjoyment of income, etc.; as, to suspend a student from college; to suspend a member of a club.

Good men should not be suspended from the exercise of their ministry and deprived of their livelihood for ceremonies which are on all hands acknowledged indifferent.
Bp. Sanderson.

6.
To cause to cease for a time from operation or effect; as, to suspend the habeas corpus act; to suspend the rules of a legislative body.

7.
(Chem.)
To support in a liquid, as an insoluble powder, by stirring, to facilitate chemical action.

To suspend payment (Com.), to cease paying debts or obligations; to fail; -- said of a merchant, a bank, etc.


word: Suspend₂
definition:
Suspend

Sus*pend"
(?)
v. i.
To cease from operation or activity; esp., to stop payment, or be unable to meet obligations or engagements (said of a commercial firm or a bank).


word: Suspender
definition:
Suspender

Sus*pend"er
(?)
n.
One who, or that which, suspends; esp., one of a pair of straps or braces worn over the shoulders, for holding up the trousers.


word: Suspensation
definition:
Suspensation

Sus`pen*sa"tion
(?)
n.
[Cf. LL. suspensatio suspension from a charge or benefice.]
The act of suspending, or the state of being suspended, especially for a short time; temporary suspension.


word: Suspense
definition:
Suspense

Sus*pense"
(?)
a.
[F. suspens, L. suspensus, p. p. of suspendere. See Suspend.]
1.
Held or lifted up; held or prevented from proceeding.
[Obs.]

[The great light of day] suspense in heaven.
Milton.

2.
Expressing, or proceeding from, suspense or doubt.
[Obs.]
suspense
Milton.


word: Suspense₂
definition:
Suspense

Sus*pense"
n.
[From F. suspens, a. See Suspense, a.]
1.
The state of being suspended; specifically, a state of uncertainty and expectation, with anxiety or apprehension; indetermination; indecision; as, the suspense of a person waiting for the verdict of a jury.

Ten days the prophet in suspense remained.
Denham.

Upon the ticklish balance of suspense.
Cowper.

2.
Cessation for a time; stop; pause.

A cool suspense from pleasure and from pain.
Pope.

3.
[Cf. F. suspense.]
(Law)
A temporary cessation of one's right; suspension, as when the rent or other profits of land cease by unity of possession of land and rent.

Suspense account (Bookkeeping), an account in which receipts or disbursements are temporarily entered until their proper position in the books is determined.


word: Suspension
definition:
Suspension

Sus*pen"sion
(?)
n.
[Cf. F. suspension, L. suspensio arched work, imperfect pronunciation. See Suspend.]
1.
The act of suspending, or the state of being suspended; pendency; as, suspension from a hook.

2.
Especially, temporary delay, interruption, or cessation
(a)
Of labor, study, pain, etc.
(b)
Of decision, determination, judgment, etc.; as, to ask a suspension of judgment or opinion in view of evidence to be produced.
(c)
Of the payment of what is due; as, the suspension of a mercantile firm or of a bank.
(d)
Of punishment, or sentence of punishment.
(e)
Of a person in respect of the exercise of his office, powers, prerogative, etc.; as, the suspension of a student or of a clergyman.
(f)
Of the action or execution of law, etc.; as, the suspension of the habeas corpus act.

3.
A conditional withholding, interruption, or delay; as, the suspension of a payment on the performance of a condition.

4.
The state of a solid when its particles are mixed with, but undissolved in, a fluid, and are capable of separation by straining; also, any substance in this state.

5.
(Rhet.)
A keeping of the hearer in doubt and in attentive expectation of what is to follow, or of what is to be the inference or conclusion from the arguments or observations employed.

6.
(Scots Law)
A stay or postponement of execution of a sentence condemnatory by means of letters of suspension granted on application to the lord ordinary.

7.
(Mus.)
The prolongation of one or more tones of a chord into the chord which follows, thus producing a momentary discord, suspending the concord which the ear expects.  Cf. Retardation.

Pleas in suspension (Law), pleas which temporarily abate or suspend a suit. -- Points of suspension (Mech.), the points, as in the axis or beam of a balance, at which the weights act, or from which they are suspended. -- Suspension bridge, a bridge supported by chains, ropes, or wires, which usually pass over high piers or columns at each end, and are secured in the ground beyond. -- Suspension of arms (Mil.), a short truce or cessation of operations agreed on by the commanders of contending armies, as for burying the dead, making proposal for surrender or for peace, etc. -- Suspension scale, a scale in which the platform hangs suspended from the weighing apparatus instead of resting upon it.


word: Suspensive
definition:
Suspensive

Sus*pen"sive
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. suspensif. See Suspend.]
Tending to suspend, or to keep in suspense; causing interruption or delay; uncertain; doubtful.
suspensive
Beaumont.
suspensive
Macaulay.

The provisional and suspensive attitude.
J. Morley.

Suspensive condition (Scots Law), a condition precedent, or a condition without the performance of which the contract can not be completed.


word: Suspensor
definition:
Suspensor

Sus*pen"sor
(?)
n.
[NL.]
1.
A suspensory.

2.
(Bot.)
The cord which suspends the embryo; and which is attached to the radicle in the young state; the proembryo.


word: Suspensorium
definition:
Suspensorium

Sus`pen*so"ri*um
(?)
n.
pl. Suspensoria (#).
[NL.]
(Anat.)
Anything which suspends or holds up a part: especially, the mandibular suspensorium (a series of bones, or of cartilages representing them) which connects the base of the lower jaw with the skull in most vertebrates below mammals.


word: Suspensory
definition:
Suspensory

Sus*pen"so*ry
(?)
a.
1.
Suspended; hanging; depending.

2.
Fitted or serving to suspend; suspending; as, a suspensory muscle.
Ray.

3.
(Anat.)
Of or pertaining to a suspensorium.


word: Suspensory₂
definition:
Suspensory

Sus*pen"so*ry
n.
[Cf. F. suspensoir, suspensoire.]
That which suspends, or holds up, as a truss
(Med.)
a bandage or bag for supporting the scrotum.


word: Suspicable
definition:
Suspicable

Sus"pi*ca*ble
(?)
a.
[L. suspacabilis, fr. suspicari to suspect, akin to suspicere. See Suspect, v. t.]
Liable to suspicion; suspicious.
[Obs.]

It is a very suspicable business.
Dr. H. more.


word: Suspiciency
definition:
Suspiciency

Sus*pi"cien*cy
(?)
n.
[From L. suspiciens, p. pr. of suspicere. See Suspect, v. t.]
Suspiciousness; suspicion.
[Obs.]
Hopkins.


word: Suspicion
definition:
Suspicion

Sus*pi"cion
(?)
n.
[OE. suspecioun, OF. souspeçon, F. soupçon, L. suspectio a looking up to, an esteeming highly, suspicion, fr. suspicere to look up, to esteem, to mistrust. The modern form suspicion in English and French is in imitation of L. suspicio mistrust, suspicion. See Suspect, and cf. Suspicious.]
1.
The act of suspecting; the imagination or apprehension of the existence of something (esp. something wrong or hurtful) without proof, or upon very slight evidence, or upon no evidence.

Suspicions among thoughts are like bats among birds, they ever fly by twilight.
Bacon.

2.
Slight degree; suggestion; hint.
[Colloq.]

The features are mild but expressive, with just a suspicion . . . of saturnine or sarcastic humor.
A. W. Ward.


word: Suspicious
definition:
Suspicious

Sus*pi"cious
(?)
a.
[OE. suspecious; cf. L. suspiciosus. See Suspicion.]
1.
Inclined to suspect; given or prone to suspicion; apt to imagine without proof.

Nature itself, after it has done an injury, will ever be suspicious; and no man can love the person he suspects.
South.

Many mischievous insects are daily at work to make men of merit suspicious of each other.
Pope.

2.
Indicating suspicion, mistrust, or fear.

We have a suspicious, fearful, constrained countenance.
Swift.

3.
Liable to suspicion; adapted to raise suspicion; giving reason to imagine ill; questionable; as, an author of suspicious innovations; suspicious circumstances.

I spy a black, suspicious, threatening could.
Shak.


word: Suspiral
definition:
Suspiral

Sus*pir"al
(?)
n.
[From Suspire.]
1.
A breathing hole; a vent or ventiduct.

2.
A spring of water passing under ground toward a cistern or conduit.


word: Suspiration
definition:
Suspiration

Sus`pi*ra"tion
(?)
n.
[L. suspiratio. See Suspire.]
The act of sighing, or fetching a long and deep breath; a deep respiration; a sigh.

Windy suspiration of forced breath.
Shak.


word: Suspire
definition:
Suspire

Sus*pire"
(?)
v. i.
[L. suspirare to breathe out, to sigh; sub under + spirare to breathe: cf. F. souspirer, OF. souspirer.]
To fetch a long, deep breath; to sigh; to breathe.
Shak.

Fireflies that suspire
In short, soft lapses of transported flame.
Mrs. Browning.


word: Suspired
definition:
Suspired

Sus*pired"
(?)
a.
Ardently desired or longed for; earnestly coveted.
[Obs.]
Sir H. Wotton.


word: Sustain
definition:
Sustain

Sus*tain"
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sustained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sustaining.]
[OE. sustenen, susteinen, OF. sustenir, sostenir, F. soutenir (the French prefix is properly fr. L. subtus below, fr. sub under), L. sustinere; pref. sus- (see Sub-) + tenere to hold. See Tenable, and cf. Sustenance.]
1.
To keep from falling; to bear; to uphold; to support; as, a foundation sustains the superstructure; a beast sustains a load; a rope sustains a weight.

Every pillar the temple to sustain.
Chaucer.

2.
Hence, to keep from sinking, as in despondence, or the like; to support.

No comfortable expectations of another life to sustain him under the evils in this world.
Tillotson.

3.
To maintain; to keep alive; to support; to subsist; to nourish; as, provisions to sustain an army.

4.
To aid, comfort, or relieve; to vindicate.
Shak.

His sons, who seek the tyrant to sustain.
Dryden.

5.
To endure without failing or yielding; to bear up under; as, to sustain defeat and disappointment.

6.
To suffer; to bear; to undergo.

Shall Turnus, then, such endless toil sustain?
Dryden.

You shall sustain more new disgraces.
Shak.

7.
To allow the prosecution of; to admit as valid; to sanction; to continue; not to dismiss or abate; as, the court sustained the action or suit.

8.
To prove; to establish by evidence; to corroborate or confirm; to be conclusive of; as, to sustain a charge, an accusation, or a proposition.


word: Sustain₂
definition:
Sustain

Sus*tain"
(?)
n.
One who, or that which, upholds or sustains; a sustainer.
[Obs.]

I waked again, for my sustain was the Lord.
Milton.


word: Sustainable
definition:
Sustainable

Sus*tain"a*ble
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. soutenable, OF. soustenable.]
Capable of being sustained or maintained; as, the action is not sustainable.


word: Sustained
definition:
Sustained

Sus*tained"
(?)
a.
Held up to a certain pitch, degree, or level; uniform; as, sustained pasion; a sustained style of writing; a sustained note in music.


word: Sustaltic
definition:
Sustaltic

Sus*tal"tic
(?)
a.
[Gr. _; contractile, fr. _; to draw together, to moderate; _; together + _; to place.]
Mournful; -- said of a species of music among the ancient Greeks.
Busby.


word: Sustenance
definition:
Sustenance

Sus"te*nance
(?)
n.
[OF. sustenance, sostenance, soustenance: cf. L. sustenentia endurance. See Sustain.]
1.
The act of sustaining; support; maintenance; subsistence; as, the sustenance of the body; the sustenance of life.

2.
That which supports life; food; victuals; provisions; means of living; as, the city has ample sustenance.
sustenance
Chaucer.

For lying is thy sustenance, thy food.
Milton.


word: Sustentacle
definition:
Sustentacle

Sus*ten"ta*cle
(?)
n.
[L. sustentaculum. See Sustentation.]
Sustenance.
[Obs.]
Dr. H. More.


word: Sustentacular
definition:
Sustentacular

Sus`ten*tac"u*lar
(?)
a.
[See Sustenance.]
(Anat.)
Supporting; sustaining; as, a sustentacular tissue.


word: Sustentation
definition:
Sustentation

Sus`ten*ta"tion
(?)
n.
[L. sustentatio sustenance, maintenance, fr. sustentare to support, maintain, v. intens. fr. sustinere to sustain: cf. F. sustentation. See Sustain.]
1.
The act of sustaining, or the state of being sustained; preservation from falling; support; sustenance; maintenance.

2.
(Physiol.)
The aggregate of the functions by which a living organism is maintained in a normal condition of weight and growth.

Sustentation fund (Eccl.), a fund of a religious body for support of its ministers, chapels, etc.; as, the sustentation fund of the Free Church of Scotland.


word: Sustentative
definition:
Sustentative

Sus"ten*ta*tive
(?)
a.
Adapted to sustain, strengthen, or corroborate; as, sustentative citations or quotations.

Sustentative functions (Physiol.), those functions of the body which affect its material composition and thus determine its mass.


word: Sustention
definition:
Sustention

Sus*ten"tion
(?)
n.
Sustentation.
[R. or Colloq.]

In fine images, in sustention, in irony, they surpass anything that Burke ever wrote.
J. Morley.


word: Sustre
definition:
Sustre

Suster

{ Sus"ter, Sus"tre (?), }
n.
pl. Susters (_;), Sustres, or Sustren (_;).
Sister.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.

There are seven sustren, that serve truth ever.
Piers Plowman.


word: Susurrant
definition:
Susurrant

Su*sur"rant
(?)
a.
[L. susurrans, p. pr. from susurrare to whisper.]
Whispering.
[R.]
susurrant
Poetry of Anti-Jacobin.


word: Susurration
definition:
Susurration

Su`sur*ra"tion
(?)
n.
[L. susurratio, fr. susurrare to whisper: cf. F. susurration.]
A whispering; a soft murmur.
susurrations
Howell.


word: Susurrus
definition:
Susurrus

Su*sur"rus
(?)
n.
[L.]
The act of whispering; a whisper; a murmur.
De Quincey.

The soft susurrus and sighs of the branches.
Longfellow.


word: Sutile
definition:
Sutile

Su"tile
(?)
a.
[L. sutilis, fr. suere to sew: cf. F. sutile.]
Done by stitching.
[R.]
Boswell.


word: Sutler
definition:
Sutler

Sut"ler
(?)
n.
[D. zoetelaar, OD. soetelaar, a small trader, especially in camps, fr. soetelen to undertake low offices; cf. G. sudeln to do dirty work, to sully, soil, E. suds.]
A person who follows an army, and sells to the troops provisions, liquors, and the like.


word: Sutor
definition:
Sutor

Su"tor
(?)
n.
A kind of sirup made by the Indians of Arizona from the fruit of some cactaceous plant (probably the Cereus giganteus).


word: Sutra
definition:
Sutra

Su"tra
(?)
n.
pl. Sutras (#).
[Skr. s_;tra a thread, a string of rules; an aphorism; fr. siv to sew.]
1.
(a)
A precept; an aphorism; a brief rule.
(b)
A collection of such aphorisms.

2.
pl.
A body of Hindoo literature containing aphorisms on grammar, meter, law, and philosophy, and forming a connecting link between the Vedic and later Sanscrit literature.
Balfour (Cyc. of India).


word: Suttee
definition:
Suttee

Sut*tee"
(?)
n.
[Skr. satī a faithful wife, fem. of sant existing, real, true, good, p. pr. of as to be.  Cf. Sooth.]
1.
A Hindoo widow who immolates herself, or is immolated, on the funeral pile of her husband; -- so called because this act of self-immolation is regarded as envincing excellence of wifely character.
[India]

2.
The act of burning a widow on the funeral pile of her husband.
[India]

&hand_; The practice, though abolished in British India law in 1829, is not wholly prevented.


word: Suttle
definition:
Suttle

Sut"tle
(?)
n.
[Etymol. uncertain.]
(Com.)
The weight when the tare has been deducted, and tret is yet to be allowed.
M_;Culloch.


word: Suttle₂
definition:
Suttle

Sut"tle
v. i.
[See Sutler.]
To act as sutler; to supply provisions and other articles to troops.


word: Sutural
definition:
Sutural

Su"tur*al
(?)
a.
[Cf. F. sutural, NL. suturals.]
1.
Of or pertaining to a suture, or seam.

2.
(Bot.)
Taking place at a suture; as, a sutural de_;iscence.


word: Suture
definition:
Suture

Su"ture
(?)
n.
[L. sutura, fr. suere, sutum, to sew or stitch: cf. F. suture. See Sew to unite with thread.]
1.
The act of sewing; also, the line along which two things or parts are sewed together, or are united so as to form a seam, or that which resembles a seam.

2.
(Surg.)
(a)
The uniting of the parts of a wound by stitching.
(b)
The stitch by which the parts are united.

3.
(Anat.)
The line of union, or seam, in an immovable articulation, like those between the bones of the skull; also, such an articulation itself; synarthrosis. See Harmonic suture, under Harmonic.

4.
(Bot.)
(a)
The line, or seam, formed by the union of two margins in any part of a plant; as, the ventral suture of a legume.
(b)
A line resembling a seam; as, the dorsal suture of a legume, which really corresponds to a midrib.

5.
(Zool.)
(a)
The line at which the elytra of a beetle meet and are sometimes confluent.
(b)
A seam, or impressed line, as between the segments of a crustacean, or between the whorls of a univalve shell.

Glover's suture, Harmonic suture, etc. See under Glover, Harmonic, etc.


word: Suwarrow
definition:
Suwarrow

Su*war"row
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
The giant cactus (Cereus giganteus); -- so named by the Indians of Arizona.  Called also saguaro.


word: Suzerain
definition:
Suzerain

Su"ze*rain
(?)
n.
[F., formed fr. sus above, L. susum, sursum (fr. sub under + versum, p. p. of vertere to turn), after the analogy of souverain, E. sovereign. See Sub-, and Verse.]
A superior lord, to whom fealty is due; a feudal lord; a lord paramount.


word: Suzerainty
definition:
Suzerainty

Su"ze*rain*ty
(?)
n.
[F. suzeraineté.]
The dominion or authority of a suzerain; paramount authority.


word: Swab
definition:
Swab

Swab
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Swabbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swabbing.]
[See Swabber, n.]
To clean with a mop or swab; to wipe when very wet, as after washing; as, to swab the desk of a ship.
[Spelt also swob.]


word: Swab₂
definition:
Swab

Swab
n.
[Written also swob.]
1.
A kind of mop for cleaning floors, the desks of vessels, etc., esp. one made of rope-yarns or threads.

2.
A bit of sponge, cloth, or the like, fastened to a handle, for cleansing the mouth of a sick person, applying medicaments to deep-seated parts, etc.

3.
(Naut.)
An epaulet.
[Sailor's Slang]
Marryat.

4.
A cod, or pod, as of beans or pease.
[Obs.]
Bailey.

5.
A sponge, or other suitable substance, attached to a long rod or handle, for cleaning the bore of a firearm.


word: Swabber₂
definition:
Swabber

Swab"ber
n.
[D. zwabber; cf.D. zwabberen to swab, G. schwabbern, Dan. svabre, Sw. svab a swab, svabla to swab.]
1.
One who swabs a floor or desk.
Shak.

2.
(Naut.)
Formerly, an interior officer on board of British ships of war, whose business it was to see that the ship was kept clean.

3.
Same as Swobber, 2.


word: Swad
definition:
Swad

Swad
(?)
n.
[Probably fr. AS. swe_;ian to bind.]
[Written also swod.]
1.
A cod, or pod, as of beans or pease.
[Prov. Eng.]

Swad, in the north, is a peascod shell -- thence used for an empty, shallow-headed fellow.
Blount.

2.
A clown; a country bumpkin.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
swads
Greene.

There was one busy fellow was their leader,
A blunt, squat swad, but lower than yourself.
B. Jonson.

3.
A lump of mass; also, a crowd.
[Low, U.S.]

4.
(Coal Mining)
A thin layer of refuse at the bottom of a seam.
Raymond.


word: Swaddle
definition:
Swaddle

Swad"dle
(?)
n.
[AS. swe_;il, swe_;el, fr. swe_;ain to bind. See Swathe.]
Anything used to swaddle with, as a cloth or band; a swaddling band.

They put me in bed in all my swaddles.
Addison.


word: Swaddle₂
definition:
Swaddle

Swad"dle
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Swaddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swaddling (?).]
1.
To bind as with a bandage; to bind or warp tightly with clothes; to swathe; -- used esp. of infants; as, to swaddle a baby.

They swaddled me up in my nightgown with long pieces of linen.
Addison.

2.
To beat; to cudgel.
[Obs.]
Hudibras.


word: Swaddling
definition:
Swaddling

Swad"dling
(?)
a. & n. from Swaddle, v.

Swaddling band, Swaddling cloth, or Swaddling clout, a band or cloth wrapped round an infant, especially round a newborn infant.

Ye shall find the babe wrapped in swaddling clothes, lying in a manger.
Luke ii. 12.


word: Swag
definition:
Swag

Swag
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Swagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swagging (?).]
[Cf. Icel. sveggja, sveigja to bend, to sway, Norw. svaga to sway. See Sway.]
1.
To hang or move, as something loose and heavy; to sway; to swing.
[Prov. Eng.]

2.
To sink down by its weight; to sag.
Sir H. Wotton.

I swag as a fat person's belly swaggeth as he goeth.
Palsgrave.

3.
To tramp carrying a swag.
[Australia]


word: Swag₂
definition:
Swag

Swag
n.
1.
A swaying, irregular motion.

2.
A burglar's or thief's booty; boodle.
[Cant or Slang]
Charles Reade.

3.
[Australia]
(a)
A tramping bushman's luggage, rolled up either in canvas or in a blanket so as to form a long bundle, and carried on the back or over the shoulder; -- called also a bluey, or a drum.
(b)
Any bundle of luggage similarly rolled up; hence, luggage in general.
He tramped for years till the swag he bore seemed part of himself.
Lawson.


word: Swagbelly
definition:
Swagbelly

Swag"bel`ly
(?)
n.
1.
A prominent, overhanging belly.
Smollett.

2.
(Med.)
Any large tumor developed in the abdomen, and neither fluctuating nor sonorous.
Dunglison.


word: Swage
definition:
Swage

Swage
(?)
v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Swaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swaging (?).]
[Equiv. to suage, abbrev. fr. assuage.]
See Assuage.
[Obs.]


word: Swage₂
definition:
Swage

Swage
n.
A tool, variously shaped or grooved on the end or face, used by blacksmiths and other workers in metals, for shaping their work, whether sheet metal or forging, by holding the swage upon the work, or the work upon the swage, and striking with a sledge.

Swage block, a perforated block of iron, having grooved sides and adapted for use in heading bolts and swaging objects of large size.


word: Swage₃
definition:
Swage

Swage
v. t.
To shape by means of a swage; to fashion, as a piece of iron, by forcing it into a groove or mold having the required shape.


word: Swagger
definition:
Swagger

Swag"ger
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Swaggered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swaggering.]
[Freq. of swag.]
1.
To walk with a swaying motion; hence, to walk and act in a pompous, consequential manner.

A man who swaggers about London clubs.
Beaconsfield.

2.
To boast or brag noisily; to be ostentatiously proud or vainglorious; to bluster; to bully.

What a pleasant it is . . . to swagger at the bar!
Arbuthnot.

To be great is not . . . to swagger at our footmen.
Colier.


word: Swagger₃
definition:
Swagger

Swag"ger
n.
The act or manner of a swaggerer.

He gave a half swagger, half leer, as he stepped forth to receive us.
W. Irving.


word: Swaggerer
definition:
Swaggerer

Swag"ger*er
(?)
n.
One who swaggers; a blusterer; a bully; a boastful, noisy fellow.
Shak.


word: Swaggy
definition:
Swaggy

Swag"gy
(?)
a.
Inclined to swag; sinking, hanging, or leaning by its weight.
Sir T. Browne.


word: Swagman
definition:
Swagman

Swag"man
(?)
n.
A bushman carrying a swag and traveling on foot; -- called also swagsman, swagger, and swaggie.

Once a jolly swagman sat beside a billabong
Under the shade of a coolibah tree.
And he sang as he sat and watched his billy boiling,
`Who'll come a-waltzing Matilda with me?'
[Waltzing Matilda, an Australian tune.]


word: Swain
definition:
Swain

Swain
(?)
n.
[OE. swain, swein, Icel. sveinn a boy, servant; akin to Sw. sven, Dan. svend, AS. swān, OHG. swein.]
1.
A servant.
[Obs.]

Him behoves serve himself that has no swain.
Chaucer.

2.
A young man dwelling in the country; a rustic; esp., a cuntry gallant or lover; -- chiefly in poetry.

It were a happy life
To be no better than a homely swain.
Shak.

Blest swains! whose nymphs in every grace excel.
Pope.


word: Swainish
definition:
Swainish

Swain"ish
a.
Pertaining to, or resembling, a swain; rustic; ignorant.
swainish
Milton.
Swain"ish*ness, n. Emerson.


word: Swainmote
definition:
Swainmote

Swain"mote`
(?)
n.
[Swain + mote meeting: cf. LL. swanimotum.]
(Eng. Forest Law)
A court held before the verders of the forest as judges, by the steward of the court, thrice every year, the swains, or freeholders, within the forest composing the jury.
[Written also swanimote, and sweinmote.]
Blackstone.


word: Swale
definition:
Swale

Swale
(?)
n.
[Cf. Icel. svalr cool, svala to cool.]
A valley or low place; a tract of low, and usually wet, land; a moor; a fen.
[Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]


word: Swallet
definition:
Swallet

Swal"let
(?)
n.
[Cf. G. schwall a sea swell, from schwellen to swell, E. swell.]
Water breaking in upon the miners at their work; -- so called among tin miners.
[Prov. Eng.]


word: Swallow
definition:
Swallow

Swal"low
(?)
n.
[OE. swalowe, AS. swalewe, swealwe; akin to D. zwaluw, OHG. swalawa, G. schwalbe, Icel. & Sw. svala, Dan. svale.]
1.
(Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of passerine birds of the family Hirundinidae, especially one of those species in which the tail is deeply forked. They have long, pointed wings, and are noted for the swiftness and gracefulness of their flight.

&hand_; The most common North American species are the barn swallow (see under Barn), the cliff, or eaves, swallow (see under Cliff), the white-bellied, or tree, swallow (Tachycineta bicolor), and the bank swallow (see under Bank). The common European swallow (Chelidon rustica), and the window swallow, or martin (Chelidon urbica), are familiar species.

2.
(Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of swifts which resemble the true swallows in form and habits, as the common American chimney swallow, or swift.

3.
(Naut.)
The aperture in a block through which the rope reeves.
Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Swallow plover (Zool.), any one of several species of fork-tailed ploverlike birds of the genus Glareola, as Glareola orientalis of India; a pratincole. -- Swallow shrike (Zool.), any one of several species of East Indian and Asiatic birds of the family Artamiidae, allied to the shrikes but similar to swallows in appearance and habits. The ashy swallow shrike (Artamus fuscus) is common in India. -- Swallow warbler (Zool.), any one of numerous species of East Indian and Australian singing birds of the genus Dicaeum. They are allied to the honeysuckers.


word: Swallow₂
definition:
Swallow

Swal"low
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Swallowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swallowing.]
[OE. swolewen, swolwen, swolhen, AS. swelgan; akin to D. zwelgen, OHG. swelahan, swelgan, G. schwelgen to feast, to revel, Icel. svelgia to swallow, SW. svälja, Dan. svaelge.  Cf. Groundsel a plant.]
1.
To take into the stomach; to receive through the gullet, or esophagus, into the stomach; as, to swallow food or drink.

As if I had swallowed snowballs for pills.
Shak.

2.
To draw into an abyss or gulf; to ingulf; to absorb -- usually followed by up.
Milton.

The earth opened her mouth, and swallowed them up, and their houses.
Num. xvi. 32.

3.
To receive or embrace, as opinions or belief, without examination or scruple; to receive implicitly.

Though that story . . . be not so readily swallowed.
Sir T. Browne.

4.
To engross; to appropriate; -- usually with up.

Homer excels . . . in this, that he swallowed up the honor of those who succeeded him.
Pope.

5.
To occupy; to take up; to employ.

The necessary provision of the life swallows the greatest part of their time.
Locke.

6.
To seize and waste; to exhaust; to consume.

Corruption swallowed what the liberal hand
Of bounty scattered.
Thomson.

7.
To retract; to recant; as, to swallow one's opinions.
Swallowed
Shak.

8.
To put up with; to bear patiently or without retaliation; as, to swallow an affront or insult.


word: Swallow₃
definition:
Swallow

Swal"low
v. i.
To perform the act of swallowing; as, his cold is so severe he is unable to swallow.


word: Swallow₄
definition:
Swallow

Swal"low
n.
1.
The act of swallowing.

2.
The gullet, or esophagus; the throat.

3.
Taste; relish; inclination; liking.
[Colloq.]

I have no swallow for it.
Massinger.

4.
Capacity for swallowing; voracity.

There being nothing too gross for the swallow of political rancor.
Prof. Wilson.

5.
As much as is, or can be, swallowed at once; as, a swallow of water.

6.
That which ingulfs; a whirlpool.
[Obs.]
Fabyan.


word: Swallowfish
definition:
Swallowfish

Swal"low*fish`
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
The European sapphirine gurnard (Trigla hirundo). It has large pectoral fins.


word: Swallowtail
definition:
Swallowtail

Swal"low*tail`
(?)
n.
1.
(Carp.)
A kind of tenon or tongue used in making joints. See Dovetail.

2.
(Bot.)
A species of willow.

3.
(Fort.)
An outwork with converging sides, its head or front forming a reentrant angle; -- so called from its form.  Called also priestcap.

4.
A swallow-tailed coat.

This Stultz coat, a blue swallowtail, with yellow buttons.
Thackeray.

5.
An arrow.
Sir W. Scott.

6.
(Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of large and handsome butterflies, belonging to Papilio and allied genera, in which the posterior border of each hind wing is prolongated in the form of a long lobe.

&hand_; The black swallowtail, or asterias (see Papilio), the blue swallowtail, or philenor, the tiger swallowtail, or turnus (see Turnus), and the zebra swallowtail, or ajax (see under Zebra) are common American species.  See also Troilus.


word: Swallow-tailed
definition:
Swallow-tailed

Swal"low-tailed`
(?)
a.
1.
Having a tail like that of a swallow; hence, like a swallow's tail in form; having narrow and tapering or pointed skirts; as, a swallow-tailed coat.

2.
(Carp.)
United by dovetailing; dovetailed.

Swallow-tailed duck (Zool.), the old squaw. -- Swallow-tailed gull (Zool.), an Arctic gull (Xema furcata), which has a deeply forked tail. -- Swallow-tailed hawk or Swallow-tailed kite (Zool.), the fork-tailed kite. -- Swallow-tailed moth (Zool.), a European moth (Urapteryx sambucaria) having tail-like lobes on the hind wings.


word: Swallowwort
definition:
Swallowwort

Swal"low*wort`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
(a)
See Celandine.
(b)
A poisonous plant (Vincetoxicum officinale) of the Milkweed family, at one time used in medicine; -- also called white swallowwort.

African swallowwort, a plant of the genus Stapelia.


word: Swamp
definition:
Swamp

Swamp
(?)
n.
[Cf. AS. swam a fungus, OD. swam a sponge, D. zwam a fungus, G. schwamm a sponge, Icel. svöppr, Dan. & Sw. swamp, Goth. swamms, Gr. somfo`s porous, spongy.]
Wet, spongy land; soft, low ground saturated with water, but not usually covered with it; marshy ground away from the seashore.

Gray swamps and pools, waste places of the hern.
Tennyson.

A swamp differs from a bog and a marsh in producing trees and shrubs, while the latter produce only herbage, plants, and mosses.
Farming Encyc. (E. Edwards, Words).

Swamp blackbird. (Zool.) See Redwing (b). -- Swamp cabbage (Bot.), skunk cabbage. -- Swamp deer (Zool.), an Asiatic deer (Rucervus Duvaucelli) of India. -- Swamp hen. (Zool.) (a) An Australian azure-breasted bird (Porphyrio bellus); -- called also goollema. (b) An Australian water crake, or rail (Porzana Tabuensis); -- called also little swamp hen. (c) The European purple gallinule. -- Swamp honeysuckle (Bot.), an American shrub (Azalea viscosa syn. Rhododendron viscosa or Rhododendron viscosum) growing in swampy places, with fragrant flowers of a white color, or white tinged with rose; -- called also swamp pink and white swamp honeysuckle. -- Swamp hook, a hook and chain used by lumbermen in handling logs.  Cf. Cant hook. -- Swamp itch. (Med.) See Prairie itch, under Prairie. -- Swamp laurel (Bot.), a shrub (Kalmia glauca) having small leaves with the lower surface glaucous. -- Swamp maple (Bot.), red maple. See Maple. -- Swamp oak (Bot.), a name given to several kinds of oak which grow in swampy places, as swamp Spanish oak (Quercus palustris), swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor), swamp post oak (Quercus lyrata). -- Swamp ore (Min.), bog ore; limonite. -- Swamp partridge (Zool.), any one of several Australian game birds of the genera Synoicus and Excalfatoria, allied to the European partridges. -- Swamp robin (Zool.), the chewink. -- Swamp sassafras (Bot.), a small North American tree of the genus Magnolia (Magnolia glauca) with aromatic leaves and fragrant creamy-white blossoms; -- called also sweet bay. -- Swamp sparrow (Zool.), a common North American sparrow (Melospiza Georgiana, or Melospiza palustris), closely resembling the song sparrow. It lives in low, swampy places. -- Swamp willow. (Bot.) See Pussy willow, under Pussy.


word: Swamp₂
definition:
Swamp

Swamp
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Swamped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swamping.]
1.
To plunge or sink into a swamp.

2.
(Naut.)
To cause (a boat) to become filled with water; to capsize or sink by whelming with water.

3.
Fig.: To plunge into difficulties and perils; to overwhelm; to ruin; to wreck.

The Whig majority of the house of Lords was swamped by the creation of twelve Tory peers.
J. R. Green.

Having swamped himself in following the ignis fatuus of a theory.
Sir W. Hamilton.


word: Swamp₃
definition:
Swamp

Swamp
v. i.
1.
To sink or stick in a swamp; figuratively, to become involved in insuperable difficulties.

2.
To become filled with water, as a boat; to founder; to capsize or sink; figuratively, to be ruined; to be wrecked.


word: Swan
definition:
Swan

Swan
(sw&obreve_;n)
n.
[AS. swan; akin to D. zwaan, OHG. swan, G. schwan, Icel. svanr, Sw. svan, Dan. svane; and perhaps to E. sound something audible.]
1.
(Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of large aquatic birds belonging to Cygnus, Olor, and allied genera of the subfamily Cygninae. They have a large and strong beak and a long neck, and are noted for their graceful movements when swimming. Most of the northern species are white. In literature the swan was fabled to sing a melodious song, especially at the time of its death.

&hand_; The European white, or mute, swan (Cygnus gibbus), which is most commonly domesticated, bends its neck in an S-shaped curve. The whistling, or trumpeting, swans of the genus Olor do not bend the neck in an S-shaped curve, and are noted for their loud and sonorous cry, due to complex convolutions of the windpipe. To this genus belong the European whooper, or whistling swan (Olor cygnus), the American whistling swan (Olor Columbianus), and the trumpeter swan (Olor buccinator). The Australian black swan (Chenopis atrata) is dull black with white on the wings, and has the bill carmine, crossed with a white band. It is a very graceful species and is often domesticated.  The South American black-necked swan (Sthenelides melancorypha) is a very beautiful and graceful species, entirely white, except the head and neck, which are dark velvety seal-brown. Its bill has a double bright rose-colored knob.

2.
Fig.: An appellation for a sweet singer, or a poet noted for grace and melody; as Shakespeare is called the swan of Avon.

3.
(Astron.)
The constellation Cygnus.

Swan goose (Zool.), a bird of India (Cygnopsis cygnoides) resembling both the swan and the goose. -- Swan shot, a large size of shot used in fowling.


word: Swanky
definition:
Swanky

Swankie

{ Swank"ie, Swank"y  }
(?)
n.
[Cf. G. schwank flexible, pliant.]
An active and clever young fellow.
[Scot.]
Sir W. Scott.


word: Swans-down
definition:
Swans-down

Swan's-down

{ Swan's"-down` (?), or Swans"-down`  }
n.
1.
The down, or fine, soft feathers, of the swan, used on various articles of dress.

2.
A fine, soft, thick cloth of wool mixed with silk or cotton; a sort of twilled fustian, like moleskin.

Swan's-down cotton. See Cotton flannel, under Cotton.


word: Swanskin
definition:
Swanskin

Swan"skin`
(?)
n.
1.
The act of a swan with the down or the feathers on.

2.
A species of soft flannel, thick and warm.


word: Swan-upping
definition:
Swan-upping

Swan"-up`ping
(?)
n.
A yearly expedition on the Thames to take up young swans and mark them, as by Companies of Dyers and Vintners; -- called also swan-hopping.
[Eng.]
Encyc. Brit.


word: Swap
definition:
Swap

Swap
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Swapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swapping.]
[OE. swappen to strike; cf. E. to strike a bargain; perh. akin to E. sweep.  Cf. Swap a blow, Swap, v. i.]
[Written also swop.]
1.
To strike; -- with off.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Swap
Chaucer.

2.
To exchange (usually two things of the same kind); to swop.
[Colloq.]
Miss Edgeworth.


word: Swap₂
definition:
Swap

Swap
v. i.
[Cf. Swap, v. t.]
1.
To fall or descend; to rush hastily or violently.
C. Richardson (Dict.).

All suddenly she swapt adown to ground.
Chaucer.

2.
To beat the air, or ply the wings, with a sweeping motion or noise; to flap.


word: Swap₃
definition:
Swap

Swap
n.
[Cf. G. schwapp, n., a slap, swap, schwapp, schwapps, interj., slap! smack! and E. swap, v.t.]
1.
A blow; a stroke.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

2.
An exchange; a barter.
[Colloq.]
Sir W. Scott.


word: Sward
definition:
Sward

Sward
(?)
n.
[AS. sweard skin, covering; akin to OFries. swarge, D. zwoord, G. schwarte, Icel. svör_;r skin, sward of the earth.]
1.
Skin; covering.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.

2.
The grassy surface of land; that part of the soil which is filled with the roots of grass; turf.

The sward was trim as any garden lawn.
Tennyson.

Sward pork, bacon in large fitches. [Prov. Eng.]


word: Sward₂
definition:
Sward

Sward
v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Swarded (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swarding.]
To produce sward upon; to cover, or be covered, with sward.
Mortimer.


word: Swarf₂
definition:
Swarf

Swarf
n.
[Cf. Swerve.]
The grit worn away from grindstones in grinding cutlery wet.
[Prov. Eng.]


word: Swarm
definition:
Swarm

Swarm
(?)
v. i.
[Cf. Swerve.]
To climb a tree, pole, or the like, by embracing it with the arms and legs alternately. See Shin.
[Colloq.]

At the top was placed a piece of money, as a prize for those who could swarm up and seize it.
W. Coxe.


word: Swarm₂
definition:
Swarm

Swarm
n.
[OE. swarm, AS. swearm; akin to D. zwerm, G. schwarm, OHG. swaram, Icel. svarmr a tumult, Sw. svärm a swarm, Dan. svaerm, and G. schwirren to whiz, to buzz, Skr. svar to sound, and perhaps to E. swear. √177.  Cf. Swerve, Swirl.]
1.
A large number or mass of small animals or insects, especially when in motion.
swarm
Milton.

2.
Especially, a great number of honeybees which emigrate from a hive at once, and seek new lodgings under the direction of a queen; a like body of bees settled permanently in a hive.
swarm
Chaucer.

3.
Hence, any great number or multitude, as of people in motion, or sometimes of inanimate objects; as, a swarm of meteorites.

Those prodigious swarms that had settled themselves in every part of it [Italy].
Addison.


word: Swarm₃
definition:
Swarm

Swarm
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Swarmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swarming.]
1.
To collect, and depart from a hive by flight in a body; -- said of bees; as, bees swarm in warm, clear days in summer.

2.
To appear or collect in a crowd; to throng together; to congregate in a multitude.
Chaucer.

3.
To be crowded; to be thronged with a multitude of beings in motion.

Every place swarms with soldiers.
Spenser.

4.
To abound; to be filled (with).
Atterbury.

5.
To breed multitudes.

Not so thick swarmed once the soil
Bedropped with blood of Gorgon.
Milton.


word: Swarmspore
definition:
Swarmspore

Swarm"spore`
(?)
n.
1.
(Bot.)
One of innumerable minute, motile, reproductive bodies, produced asexually by certain algae and fungi; a zoospore.

2.
(Zool.)
One of the minute flagellate germs produced by the sporulation of a protozoan; -- called also zoospore.


word: Swart₂
definition:
Swart

Swart
(?)
a.
[OE. swart, AS. sweart black; akin to OFries, OS. & LG. swart, D. zwart, G. schwartz, OHG. swarz, Icel. svarir, Sw. svart, Dan. sort, Goth. swarts; cf. L. sordes dirt, sordere to be dirty.  Cf. Sordid, Surd.]
1.
Of a dark hue; moderately black; swarthy; tawny.
Swart
Trench.
Swart
Hawthorne.

A nation strange, with visage swart.
Spenser.

2.
Gloomy; malignant.
[Obs.]
Milton.

Swart star, the Dog Star; -- so called from its appearing during the hot weather of summer, which makes swart the countenance. [R.] Milton.


word: Swartback
definition:
Swartback

Swart"back`
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
The black-backed gull (Larus marinus); -- called also swarbie.
[Prov. Eng.]


word: Swarth₃
definition:
Swarth

Swarth
n.
[See Sward.]
Sward; short grass.

Grassy swarth, close cropped by nibbling sheep.
Cowper.


word: Swarthiness
definition:
Swarthiness

Swarth"i*ness
n.
The quality or state of being swarthy; a dusky or dark complexion; tawniness.


word: Swarthy
definition:
Swarthy

Swarth"y
(?)
a.
[Compar. Swarthier (?); superl. Swarthiest.]
[See Swart, a.]
Being of a dark hue or dusky complexion; tawny; swart; as, swarthy faces.
swarthy
Shak.

Their swarthy hosts would darken all our plains.
Addison.


word: Swarve
definition:
Swarve

Swarve
(?)
v. i.
[See Swerve.]
1.
To swerve.
[Obs. or Scot.]
Spenser. Jamieson.

2.
To climb.
[Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.


word: Swash
definition:
Swash

Swash
(?)
n.
[Cf. Swash, v. i., Squash, v. t.]
(Arch.)
An oval figure, whose moldings are oblique to the axis of the work.
Moxon.

Swash plate (Mach.), a revolving circular plate, set obliquely on its shaft, and acting as a cam to give a reciprocating motion to a rod in a direction parallel to the shaft.


word: Swash₂
definition:
Swash

Swash
a.
[Cf. Swash, v. i., Squash, v. t.]
Soft, like fruit too ripe; swashy.
[Prov. Eng.]
Pegge.


word: Swash₃
definition:
Swash

Swash
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Swashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swashing.]
[Probably of imitative origin; cf. Sw. svasska to splash, and, for sense 3, Sw. svassa to bully, to rodomontade.]
1.
To dash or flow noisily, as water; to splash; as, water swashing on a shallow place.

2.
To fall violently or noisily.
[Obs.]
Holinshed.

3.
To bluster; to make a great noise; to vapor or brag.


word: Swash₄
definition:
Swash

Swash
n.
1.
Impulse of water flowing with violence; a dashing or splashing of water.

2.
A narrow sound or channel of water lying within a sand bank, or between a sand bank and the shore, or a bar over which the sea washes.

3.
Liquid filth; wash; hog mash.
[Obs.]

4.
A blustering noise; a swaggering behavior.
[Obs.]

5.
A swaggering fellow; a swasher.


word: Swashbuckler
definition:
Swashbuckler

Swash"buc`kler
(?)
n.
A bully or braggadocio; a swaggering, boastful fellow; a swaggerer.
Milton.


word: Swashing
definition:
Swashing

Swash"ing
a.
1.
Swaggering; hectoring.
swashing
Shak.

2.
Resounding; crushing.
Swashing
Shak.


word: Swastica
definition:
Swastica

Swastika

{ Swas"ti*ka, Swas"ti*ca }
(?)
n.
[Also suastica, svastika, etc.]
[Skr. svastika, fr. svasti walfare; su well + asti being.]
A symbol or ornament in the form of a Greek cross with the ends of the arms at right angles all in the same direction, and each prolonged to the height of the parallel arm of the cross.  A great many modified forms exist, ogee and volute as well as rectilinear, while various decorative designs, as Greek fret or meander, are derived from or closely associated with it. The swastika is found in remains from the Bronze Age in various parts of Europe, esp. at Hissarlik (Troy), and was in frequent use as late as the 10th century. It is found in ancient Persia, in India, where both Jains and  Buddhists used (or still use) it as religious symbol, in China and Japan, and among Indian tribes of North, Central, and South America. It is usually thought to be a charm, talisman, or religious token, esp. a sign of good luck or benediction.  Max Müller distinguished from the swastika, with arms prolonged to the right, the suavastika, with arms prolonged to the left, but this distinction is not commonly recognized.  Other names for the swastika are fylfot and gammadion.

The swastika with arms bent to the right came to be used as a symbol of Aryan supremacy by the Nazi party in Germany, 1933 - 1945; hence, it is now associated in the United States and European countries with Nazism or antisemitism.  It is sometimes used by neo-nazis, or by antisemites as an antisemitic symbol.


word: Swat₂
definition:
Swat

Swat
(sw&obreve_;t)
v. t.
1.
to hit, especially with an instrument in the hand; to smack.
2.
(Baseball)
to hit (a baseball) powerfully, and for a long distance.


word: Swat₃
definition:
Swat

Swat
(sw&obreve_;t)
n.
[Also spelled swot.]
1.
a sharp blow, especially one made with an instrument in the hand.
2.
(Baseball)
a powerful hit, especially a home run.


word: Swat₄
definition:
Swat

Swat
(sw&obreve_;t)
n.
a former state in Northwest India, now a part of Pakistan.  It was ruled by a prince called a Wali.


word: Swat team
definition:
Swat team

SWAT team

SWAT" team`, Swat" team`
(sw&obreve_;t" tēm)
n.
[acronym: Special Weapons and Training.]
a special group of police trained to deal with unusually dangerous or violent situations, and having special weapons, such as rifles more powerful than those carried by regular police officers.  They are employed, for example, in situations when hostages are being held, or heavily armed persons need to be captured.  Called also SWAT or S.W.A.T..


word: Swatch
definition:
Swatch

Swatch
(?)
n.
1.
A swath.
[Obs.]
Tusser.

2.
A piece, pattern, or sample, generally of cloth.
Halliwell. Jamieson.


word: Swath
definition:
Swath

Swath
(sw&asuml_;th; 277)
n.
[AS. swaðu a track, trace; akin to D. zwaad, zwad, zwade, a swath of grass, G. schwad, schwaden; perhaps, originally, a shred.  Cf. Swathe, v. t.]
1.
A line of grass or grain cut and thrown together by the scythe in mowing or cradling.

2.
The whole sweep of a scythe, or the whole breadth from which grass or grain is cut by a scythe or a machine, in mowing or cradling; as, to cut a wide swath.

3.
A band or fillet; a swathe.
Shak.

Swath bank, a row of new-mown grass. [Prov. Eng.]


word: Swathe
definition:
Swathe

Swathe
(swā&thlig_;)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Swathed (swā&thlig_;d); p. pr. & vb. n. Swathing.]
[OE. swathen, AS. sweðain. See Swath, n., and cf. Swaddle.]
To bind with a swathe, band, bandage, or rollers.

Their children are never swathed or bound about with any thing when they are first born.
Abp. Abbot.


word: Swathe₂
definition:
Swathe

Swathe
n.
A bandage; a band; a swath.

Wrapped me in above an hundred yards of swathe.
Addison.

Milk and a swathe, at first, his whole demand.
Young.

The solemn glory of the afternoon, with its long swathes of light between the far off rows of limes.
G. Eliot.


word: Swather
definition:
Swather

Swath"er
(?)
n.
[See Swath, n.]
(Agric.)
A device attached to a mowing machine for raising the uncut fallen grain and marking the limit of the swath.


word: Sway
definition:
Sway

Sway
(swā)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Swayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swaying.]
[OE. sweyen, Icel. sveigja, akin to E. swing; cf. D. zwaaijen to wield, swing. See Swing, and cf. Swag, v. i.]
1.
To move or wield with the hand; to swing; to wield; as, to sway the scepter.

As sparkles from the anvil rise,
When heavy hammers on the wedge are swayed.
Spenser.

2.
To influence or direct by power and authority; by persuasion, or by moral force; to rule; to govern; to guide.

The will of man is by his reason swayed.
Shak.

She could not sway her house.
Shak.

This was the race
To sway the world, and land and sea subdue.
Dryden.

3.
To cause to incline or swing to one side, or backward and forward; to bias; to turn; to bend; warp; as, reeds swayed by wind; judgment swayed by passion.

As bowls run true by being made
On purpose false, and to be swayed.
Hudibras.

Let not temporal and little advantages sway you against a more durable interest.
Tillotson.

4.
(Naut.)
To hoist; as, to sway up the yards.


word: Sway₂
definition:
Sway

Sway
(swā)
v. i.
1.
To be drawn to one side by weight or influence; to lean; to incline.

The balance sways on our part.
Bacon.

2.
To move or swing from side to side; or backward and forward.

3.
To have weight or influence.

The example of sundry churches . . . doth sway much.
Hooker.

4.
To bear sway; to rule; to govern.

Hadst thou swayed as kings should do.
Shak.


word: Sway₃
definition:
Sway

Sway
n.
1.
The act of swaying; a swaying motion; the swing or sweep of a weapon.

With huge two-handed sway brandished aloft.
Milton.

2.
Influence, weight, or authority that inclines to one side; as, the sway of desires.
A. Tucker.

3.
Preponderance; turn or cast of balance.

Expert
When to advance, or stand, or turn the sway
Of battle.
Milton.

4.
Rule; dominion; control.
Cowper.

When vice prevails, and impious men bear sway,
The post of honor is a private station.
Addison.

5.
A switch or rod used by thatchers to bind their work.
[Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.


word: Sway-backed
definition:
Sway-backed

Sway"-backed`
(?)
a.
Having the back hollow or sagged, whether naturally or as the result of injury or weakness; -- said of horses and other animals.


word: Sway bar
definition:
Sway bar

Sway bar
(Vehicles)
(a)
A bar attached to the hounds, in the rear of the front axle, so as to slide on the reach as the axle is swung in turning the vehicle.
(b)
Either of the two bars used on couplong the oront ano rear sleds of a logging sled; also, the bar used to couple two logging cars.


word: Sway-bracing
definition:
Sway-bracing

Sway"-bra`cing
(?)
n.
(Engin.)
The horizontal bracing of a bridge, which prevents its swaying.


word: Swaying
definition:
Swaying

Sway"ing
n.
An injury caused by violent strains or by overloading; -- said of the backs of horses.
Crabb.


word: Sweal
definition:
Sweal

Sweal
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Swealed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swealing.]
[OE. swelen to burn, AS. swelan; akin to G. schwelen to burn slowly, schwül sultry, Icel. svaela a thick smoke.]
To melt and run down, as the tallow of a candle; to waste away without feeding the flame.
[Written also swale.]
Sir W. Scott.


word: Swear
definition:
Swear

Swear
(?)
v. i.
[imp. Swore (?), formerly Sware (_;); p. p. Sworn (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swearing.]
[OE. swerien, AS. swerian; akin to D. zweren, OS. swerian, OHG. swerien, G. schwören, Icel. sverja, Sw. svärja, Dan. svaerge, Icel. & Sw. svara to answer, Dan. svare, Dan. & Sw. svar an answer, Goth. swaran to swear, and perhaps to E. swarm. √177.  Cf. Answer.]
1.
To affirm or utter a solemn declaration, with an appeal to God for the truth of what is affirmed; to make a promise, threat, or resolve on oath; also, to affirm solemnly by some sacred object, or one regarded as sacred, as the Bible, the Koran, etc.

Ye shall swear by my name falsely.
Lev. xix. 12.

I swear by all the Roman gods.
Shak.

2.
(Law)
To give evidence on oath; as, to swear to the truth of a statement; he swore against the prisoner.

3.
To make an appeal to God in an irreverant manner; to use the name of God or sacred things profanely; to call upon God in imprecation; to curse.

[I] swore little; diced not above seven times a week.
Shak.

To swear by, to place great confidence in a person or thing; to trust implicitly as an authority.  “I simply meant to ask if you are one of those who swear by Lord Verulam.” Miss Edgeworth. -- To swear off, to make a solemn vow, or a serious resolution, to abstain from something; as, to swear off smoking. [Slang]


word: Swear₂
definition:
Swear

Swear
v. t.
1.
To utter or affirm with a solemn appeal to God for the truth of the declaration; to make (a promise, threat, or resolve) under oath.

Swear unto me here by God, that thou wilt not deal falsely with me.
Gen. xxi. 23.

He swore consent to your succession.
Shak.

2.
(Law)
To put to an oath; to cause to take an oath; to administer an oath to; -- ofetn followed by in or into; as, to swear witnesses; to swear a jury; to swear in an officer; he was sworn into office.

3.
To declare or charge upon oath; as, he swore treason against his friend.
Johnson.

4.
To appeal to by an oath.

Now, by Apollo, king,
Thou swear'st thy gods in vain.
Shak.

To swear the peace against one, to make oath that one is under the actual fear of death or bodily harm from the person, in which case the person must find sureties that he will keep the peace.


word: Swearer
definition:
Swearer

Swear"er
(?)
n.
1.
One who swears; one who calls God to witness for the truth of his declaration.

2.
A profane person; one who uses profane language.

Then the liars and swearers are fools.
Shak.


word: Sweat
definition:
Sweat

Sweat
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Sweat or Sweated (Obs. Swat (_;)); p. pr. & vb. n. Sweating.]
[OE. sweten, AS. swaetan, fr. swāt, n., sweat; akin to OFries. & OS. swēt, D. zweet, OHG. sweiz, G. schweiss, Icel. sviti, sveiti, Sw. svett, Dan. sved, L. sudor sweat, sudare to sweat, Gr. _;, _;, sweat, _; to sweat, Skr. svēda sweat, svid to sweat. √178.  Cf. Exude, Sudary, Sudorific.]
1.
To excrete sensible moisture from the pores of the skin; to perspire.
Shak.

2.
Fig.: To perspire in toil; to work hard; to drudge.

He 'd have the poets sweat.
Waller.

3.
To emit moisture, as green plants in a heap.


word: Sweat₂
definition:
Sweat

Sweat
v. t.
1.
To cause to excrete moisture from the skin; to cause to perspire; as, his physicians attempted to sweat him by most powerful sudorifics.

2.
To emit or suffer to flow from the pores; to exude.

It made her not a drop for sweat.
Chaucer.

With exercise she sweat ill humors out.
Dryden.

3.
To unite by heating, after the application of soldier.

4.
To get something advantageous, as money, property, or labor from (any one), by exaction or oppression; as, to sweat a spendthrift; to sweat laborers.
[Colloq.]

To sweat coin, to remove a portion of a piece of coin, as by shaking it with others in a bag, so that the friction wears off a small quantity of the metal.

The only use of it [money] which is interdicted is to put it in circulation again after having diminished its weight by “sweating”, or otherwise, because the quantity of metal contains is no longer consistent with its impression.
R. Cobden.


word: Sweat₃
definition:
Sweat

Sweat
(?)
n.
[Cf. OE. swot, AS. swāt. See Sweat, v. i.]
1.
(Physiol.)
The fluid which is excreted from the skin of an animal; the fluid secreted by the sudoriferous glands; a transparent, colorless, acid liquid with a peculiar odor, containing some fatty acids and mineral matter; perspiration. See Perspiration.

In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread.
Gen. iii. 19.

2.
The act of sweating; or the state of one who sweats; hence, labor; toil; drudgery.
Shak.

3.
Moisture issuing from any substance; as, the sweat of hay or grain in a mow or stack.
Mortimer.

4.
The sweating sickness.
[Obs.]
Holinshed.

5.
(Man.)
A short run by a race horse in exercise.

Sweat box (Naut.), a small closet in which refractory men are confined. -- Sweat glands (Anat.), sudoriferous glands. See under Sudoriferous.


word: Sweater
definition:
Sweater

Sweat"er
(?)
n.
1.
One who sweats.

2.
One who, or that which, causes to sweat
(a)
A sudorific.
(b)
A woolen jacket or jersey worn by athletes.
(c)
An employer who oppresses his workmen by paying low wages.
[Slang]


word: Sweating
definition:
Sweating

Sweat"ing
a. & n. from Sweat, v.

Sweating bath, a bath producing sensible sweat; a stove or sudatory. -- Sweating house, a house for sweating persons in sickness. -- Sweating iron, a kind of knife, or a piece of iron, used to scrape off sweat, especially from horses; a horse scraper. -- Sweating room. (a) A room for sweating persons. (b) (Dairying) A room for sweating cheese and carrying off the superfluous juices. -- Sweating sickness (Med.), a febrile epidemic disease which prevailed in some countries of Europe, but particularly in England, in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, characterized by profuse sweating. Death often occured in a few hours.


word: Sweaty
definition:
Sweaty

Sweat"y
(?)
a.
[Compar. Sweatier (?); superl. Sweatiest.]
1.
Moist with sweat; as, a sweaty skin; a sweaty garment.

2.
Consisting of sweat; of the nature of sweat.

No noisome whiffs or sweaty streams.
Swift.

3.
Causing sweat; hence, laborious; toilsome; difficult.
sweaty
Prior.


word: Swede
definition:
Swede

Swede
(?)
n.
[Cf. G. Schwede.]
1.
A native or inhabitant of Sweden.

2.
(Bot.)
A Swedish turnip. See under Turnip.


word: Swedenborgian
definition:
Swedenborgian

Swe`den*bor"gi*an
(?)
n.
One who holds the doctrines of the New Jerusalem church, as taught by Emanuel Swedenborg, a Swedish philosopher and religious writer, who was born a. d. 1688 and died 1772. Swedenborg claimed to have intercourse with the spiritual world, through the opening of his spiritual senses in 1745. He taught that the Lord Jesus Christ, as comprehending in himself all the fullness of the Godhead, is the one only God, and that there is a spiritual sense to the Scriptures, which he (Swedenborg) was able to reveal, because he saw the correspondence between natural and spiritual things.


word: Swedish
definition:
Swedish

Swed"ish
(?)
a.
[Cf. G. schwedisch, Sw. svensk.]
Of or pertaining to Sweden or its inhabitants.

Swedish turnip. (Bot.) See under Turnip.


word: Sweeny
definition:
Sweeny

Swee"ny
(?)
n.
(Far.)
An atrophy of the muscles of the shoulder in horses; also, atrophy of any muscle in horses.
[Written also swinney.]


word: Sweep
definition:
Sweep

Sweep
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Swept (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sweeping.]
[OE. swepen; akin to AS. swāpan. See Swoop, v. i.]
1.
To pass a broom across (a surface) so as to remove loose dirt, dust, etc.; to brush, or rub over, with a broom for the purpose of cleaning; as, to sweep a floor, the street, or a chimney. Used also figuratively.

I will sweep it with the besom of destruction.
Isa. xiv. 23.

2.
To drive or carry along or off with a broom or a brush, or as if with a broom; to remove by, or as if by, brushing; as, to sweep dirt from a floor; the wind sweeps the snow from the hills; a freshet sweeps away a dam, timber, or rubbish; a pestilence sweeps off multitudes.

The hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies.
Isa. xxviii. 17.

I have already swept the stakes.
Dryden.

3.
To brush against or over; to rub lightly along.

Their long descending train,
With rubies edged and sapphires, swept the plain.
Dryden.

4.
To carry with a long, swinging, or dragging motion; hence, to carry in a stately or proud fashion.

And like a peacock sweep along his tail.
Shak.

5.
To strike with a long stroke.

Wake into voice each silent string,
And sweep the sounding lyre.
Pope.

6.
(Naut.)
To draw or drag something over; as, to sweep the bottom of a river with a net.

7.
To pass over, or traverse, with the eye or with an instrument of observation; as, to sweep the heavens with a telescope.

To sweep a mold or To sweep up a mold (Founding), to form the sand into a mold by a templet, instead of compressing it around the pattern.


word: Sweep₂
definition:
Sweep

Sweep
(?)
v. i.
1.
To clean rooms, yards, etc., or to clear away dust, dirt, litter, etc., with a broom, brush, or the like.

2.
To brush swiftly over the surface of anything; to pass with switness and force, as if brushing the surface of anything; to move in a stately manner; as, the wind sweeps across the plain; a woman sweeps through a drawing-room.

3.
To pass over anything comprehensively; to range through with rapidity; as, his eye sweeps through space.


word: Sweep₃
definition:
Sweep

Sweep
n.
1.
The act of sweeping.

2.
The compass or range of a stroke; as, a long sweep.

3.
The compass of any turning body or of any motion; as, the sweep of a door; the sweep of the eye.

4.
The compass of anything flowing or brushing; as, the flood carried away everything within its sweep.

5.
Violent and general destruction; as, the sweep of an epidemic disease.

6.
Direction and extent of any motion not rectlinear; as, the sweep of a compass.

7.
Direction or departure of a curve, a road, an arch, or the like, away from a rectlinear line.

The road which makes a small sweep.
Sir W. Scott.

8.
One who sweeps; a sweeper; specifically, a chimney sweeper.

9.
(Founding)
A movable templet for making molds, in loam molding.

10.
(Naut.)
(a)
The mold of a ship when she begins to curve in at the rungheads; any part of a ship shaped in a segment of a circle.
(b)
A large oar used in small vessels, partly to propel them and partly to steer them.

11.
(Refining)
The almond furnace.
[Obs.]

12.
A long pole, or piece of timber, moved on a horizontal fulcrum fixed to a tall post and used to raise and lower a bucket in a well for drawing water.
[Variously written swape, sweep, swepe, and swipe.]

13.
(Card Playing)
In the game of casino, a pairing or combining of all the cards on the board, and so removing them all; in whist, the winning of all the tricks (thirteen) in a hand; a slam.

14.
pl.
The sweeping of workshops where precious metals are worked, containing filings, etc.

Sweep net, a net for drawing over a large compass. -- Sweep of the tiller (Naut.), a circular frame on which the tiller traverses.


word: Sweeper
definition:
Sweeper

Sweep"er
(?)
n.
One who, or that which, sweeps, or cleans by sweeping; a sweep; as, a carpet sweeper.

It is oxygen which is the great sweeper of the economy.
Huxley.


word: Sweeping
definition:
Sweeping

Sweep"ing
a.
Cleaning off surfaces, or cleaning away dust, dirt, or litter, as a broom does; moving with swiftness and force; carrying everything before it; including in its scope many persons or things; as, a sweeping flood; a sweeping majority; a sweeping accusation.
Sweep"ing*ly, adv. -Sweep"ing*ness, n.


word: Sweepings
definition:
Sweepings

Sweep"ings
(?)
n. pl.
Things collected by sweeping; rubbish; as, the sweepings of a street.


word: Sweepstake
definition:
Sweepstake

Sweep"stake`
(?)
n.
1.
A winning of all the stakes or prizes.
Heylin.

2.
A complete removal or carrying away; a clean sweep.
[Obs.]
Bp. Hacket.


word: Sweepstakes
definition:
Sweepstakes

Sweep"stakes`
(?)
n.
1.
A winning of all the stakes or prizes; a sweepstake.

2.
sing. or pl.
The whole money or other things staked at a horse race, a given sum being put up for each horse, all of which goes to the winner, or is divided among several, as may be previously agreed.

3.
A race for all the sums staked or prizes offered.


word: Sweepwasher
definition:
Sweepwasher

Sweep"wash`er
(?)
n.
One who extracts the residuum of precious metals from the sweepings, potsherds, etc., of refineries of gold and silver, or places where these metals are used.


word: Sweepy
definition:
Sweepy

Sweep"y
(?)
a.
Moving with a sweeping motion.

The branches bend before their sweepy away.
Dryden.


word: Sweet
definition:
Sweet

Sweet
(?)
a.
[Compar. Sweeter (?); superl. Sweetest.]
[OE. swete, swote, sote, AS. swēte; akin to OFries. swēte, OS. sw&omacrti, D. zoet, G. süss, OHG. suozi, Icel. saetr, soetr, Sw. söt, Dan. söd, Goth. suts, L. suavis, for suadvis, Gr. _;, Skr. svādu sweet, svad, svād, to sweeten. √175.  Cf. Assuage, Suave, Suasion.]
1.
Having an agreeable taste or flavor such as that of sugar; saccharine; -- opposed to sour and bitter; as, a sweet beverage; sweet fruits; sweet oranges.

2.
Pleasing to the smell; fragrant; redolent; balmy; as, a sweet rose; sweet odor; sweet incense.

The breath of these flowers is sweet to me.
Longfellow.

3.
Pleasing to the ear; soft; melodious; harmonious; as, the sweet notes of a flute or an organ; sweet music; a sweet voice; a sweet singer.

To make his English sweet upon his tongue.
Chaucer.

A voice sweet, tremulous, but powerful.
Hawthorne.

4.
Pleasing to the eye; beautiful; mild and attractive; fair; as, a sweet face; a sweet color or complexion.

Sweet interchange
Of hill and valley, rivers, woods, and plains.
Milton.

5.
Fresh; not salt or brackish; as, sweet water.
Bacon.

6.
Not changed from a sound or wholesome state. Specifically: (a) Not sour; as, sweet milk or bread. (b) Not state; not putrescent or putrid; not rancid; as, sweet butter; sweet meat or fish.

7.
Plaesing to the mind; mild; gentle; calm; amiable; winning; presuasive; as, sweet manners.

Canst thou bind the sweet influence of Pleiades?
Job xxxviii. 31.

Mildness and sweet reasonableness is the one established rule of Christian working.
M. Arnold.

&hand_; Sweet is often used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, sweet-blossomed, sweet-featured, sweet-smelling, sweet-tempered, sweet-toned, etc.

Sweet alyssum. (Bot.) See Alyssum. -- Sweet apple. (Bot.) (a) Any apple of sweet flavor. (b) See Sweet-sop. -- Sweet bay. (Bot.) (a) The laurel (Laurus nobilis). (b) Swamp sassafras. -- Sweet calabash (Bot.), a plant of the genus Passiflora (Passiflora maliformis) growing in the West Indies, and producing a roundish, edible fruit, the size of an apple. -- Sweet cicely. (Bot.) (a) Either of the North American plants of the umbelliferous genus Osmorrhiza having aromatic roots and seeds, and white flowers. Gray. (b) A plant of the genus Myrrhis (Myrrhis odorata) growing in England. -- Sweet calamus, or Sweet cane. (Bot.) Same as Sweet flag, below. -- Sweet Cistus (Bot.), an evergreen shrub (Cistus Ladanum) from which the gum ladanum is obtained. -- Sweet clover. (Bot.) See Melilot. -- Sweet coltsfoot (Bot.), a kind of butterbur (Petasites sagittata) found in Western North America. -- Sweet corn (Bot.), a variety of the maize of a sweet taste. See the Note under Corn. -- Sweet fern (Bot.), a small North American shrub (Comptonia asplenifolia syn. Myrica asplenifolia) having sweet-scented or aromatic leaves resembling fern leaves. -- Sweet flag (Bot.), an endogenous plant (Acorus Calamus) having long flaglike leaves and a rootstock of a pungent aromatic taste. It is found in wet places in Europe and America. See Calamus, 2. -- Sweet gale (Bot.), a shrub (Myrica Gale) having bitter fragrant leaves; -- also called sweet willow, and Dutch myrtle. See 5th Gale. -- Sweet grass (Bot.), holy, or Seneca, grass. -- Sweet gum (Bot.), an American tree (Liquidambar styraciflua). See Liquidambar. -- Sweet herbs, fragrant herbs cultivated for culinary purposes. -- Sweet John (Bot.), a variety of the sweet William. -- Sweet leaf (Bot.), horse sugar.  See under Horse. -- Sweet marjoram. (Bot.) See Marjoram. -- Sweet marten (Zool.), the pine marten. -- Sweet maudlin (Bot.), a composite plant (Achillea Ageratum) allied to milfoil. -- Sweet oil, olive oil. -- Sweet pea. (Bot.) See under Pea. -- Sweet potato. (Bot.) See under Potato. -- Sweet rush (Bot.), sweet flag. -- Sweet spirits of niter (Med. Chem.) See Spirit of nitrous ether, under Spirit. -- Sweet sultan (Bot.), an annual composite plant (Centaurea moschata), also, the yellow-flowered (Centaurea odorata); -- called also sultan flower. -- Sweet tooth, an especial fondness for sweet things or for sweetmeats. [Colloq.] -- Sweet William. (a) (Bot.) A species of pink (Dianthus barbatus) of many varieties. (b) (Zool.) The willow warbler. (c) (Zool.) The European goldfinch; -- called also sweet Billy. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sweet willow (Bot.), sweet gale. -- Sweet wine. See Dry wine, under Dry. -- To be sweet on, to have a particular fondness for, or special interest in, as a young man for a young woman. [Colloq.] Thackeray.


word: Sweet₂
definition:
Sweet

Sweet
(?)
n.
1.
That which is sweet to the taste; -- used chiefly in the plural.
(a)
Confectionery, sweetmeats, preserves, etc.
(b)
Home-made wines, cordials, metheglin, etc.

2.
That which is sweet or pleasant in odor; a perfume.
sweets
Milton.

3.
That which is pleasing or grateful to the mind; as, the sweets of domestic life.

A little bitter mingled in our cup leaves no relish of the sweet.
Locke.

4.
One who is dear to another; a darling; -- a term of endearment.
sweet
B. Jonson.


word: Sweetbread
definition:
Sweetbread

Sweet"bread`
(swēt"brĕd`)
n.
1.
Either the thymus gland or the pancreas, the former being called neck sweetbread or throat sweetbread, the latter belly sweetbread.  The sweetbreads of ruminants, esp. of the calf, are highly esteemed as food.  See Pancreas, and Thymus.

2.
(Anat.)
The pancreas.


word: Sweet-breasted
definition:
Sweet-breasted

Sweet"-breast`ed
(?)
a.
Having a sweet, musical voice, as the nightingale.  Cf. Breast, n., 6.
[Obs.]


word: Sweetbrier
definition:
Sweetbrier

Sweet"bri`er
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A kind of rose (Rosa rubiginosa) with minutely glandular and fragrant foliage. The small-flowered sweetbrier is Rosa micrantha.


word: Sweeten
definition:
Sweeten

Sweet"en
(?)
v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sweetened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sweetening.]
[See Sweet, a.]
1.
To make sweet to the taste; as, to sweeten tea.

2.
To make pleasing or grateful to the mind or feelings; as, to sweeten life; to sweeten friendship.

3.
To make mild or kind; to soften; as, to sweeten the temper.

4.
To make less painful or laborious; to relieve; as, to sweeten the cares of life.
Dryden.

And sweeten every secret tear.
Keble.

5.
To soften to the eye; to make delicate.

Correggio has made his memory immortal by the strength he has given to his figures, and by sweetening his lights and shadows, and melting them into each other.
Dryden.

6.
To make pure and salubrious by destroying noxious matter; as, to sweeten rooms or apartments that have been infected; to sweeten the air.

7.
To make warm and fertile; -- opposed to sour; as, to dry and sweeten soils.

8.
To restore to purity; to free from taint; as, to sweeten water, butter, or meat.


word: Sweetener
definition:
Sweetener

Sweet"en*er
(?)
n.
One who, or that which, sweetens; one who palliates; that which moderates acrimony.


word: Sweetmeat
definition:
Sweetmeat

Sweet"meat`
(?)
n.
1.
Fruit preserved with sugar, as peaches, pears, melons, nuts, orange peel, etc.; -- usually in the plural; a confect; a confection.

2.
The paint used in making patent leather.

3.
(Zool.)
A boat shell (Crepidula fornicata) of the American coast.
[Local, U.S.]


word: Sweetness
definition:
Sweetness

Sweet"ness
n.
[AS. swētness.]
The quality or state of being sweet (in any sense of the adjective); gratefulness to the taste or to the smell; agreeableness.


word: Sweet-scented
definition:
Sweet-scented

Sweet"-scent`ed
(?)
a.
Having a sweet scent or smell; fragrant.

Sweet-scented shrub (Bot.), a shrub of the genus Calycanthus, the flowers of which, when crushed, have a fragrance resembling that of strawberries.


word: Sweetwater
definition:
Sweetwater

Sweet"wa`ter
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A variety of white grape, having a sweet watery juice; -- also called white sweetwater, and white muscadine.


word: Sweetweed
definition:
Sweetweed

Sweet"weed`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
A name for two tropical American weeds (Capraria biflora, and Scoparia dulcis) of the Figwort family.


word: Sweetwood
definition:
Sweetwood

Sweet"wood`
(?)
n.
(Bot.)
(a)
The true laurel (Laurus nobilis.)
(b)
The timber of the tree Oreodaphne Leucoxylon, growing in Jamaica. The name is also applied to the timber of several other related trees.


word: Swell
definition:
Swell

Swell
(?)
v. i.
[imp. Swelled (?); p. p. Swelled or Swollen (_;); p. pr. & vb. n. Swelling.]
[AS. swellan; akin to D. zwellen, OS. & OHG. swellan, G. schwellen, Icel. svella, Sw. svälla.]
1.
To grow larger; to dilate or extend the exterior surface or dimensions, by matter added within, or by expansion of the inclosed substance; as, the legs swell in dropsy; a bruised part swells; a bladder swells by inflation.

2.
To increase in size or extent by any addition; to increase in volume or force; as, a river swells, and overflows its banks; sounds swell or diminish.

3.
To rise or be driven into waves or billows; to heave; as, in tempest, the ocean swells into waves.

4.
To be puffed up or bloated; as, to swell with pride.

You swell at the tartan, as the bull is said to do at scarlet.
Sir W. Scott.

5.
To be inflated; to belly; as, the sails swell.

6.
To be turgid, bombastic, or extravagant; as, swelling words; a swelling style.

7.
To protuberate; to bulge out; as, a cask swells in the middle.

8.
To be elated; to rise arrogantly.

Your equal mind yet swells not into state.
Dryden.

9.
To grow upon the view; to become larger; to expand.
swelling
Shak.

10.
To become larger in amount; as, many little debts added, swell to a great amount.

11.
To act in a pompous, ostentatious, or arrogant manner; to strut; to look big.

Here he comes, swelling like a turkey cock.
Shak.


word: Swell₂
definition:
Swell

Swell
v. t.
1.
To increase the size, bulk, or dimensions of; to cause to rise, dilate, or increase; as, rains and dissolving snow swell the rivers in spring; immigration swells the population.

[The Church] swells her high, heart-cheering tone.
Keble.

2.
To aggravate; to heighten.

It is low ebb with his accuser when such peccadilloes are put to swell the charge.
Atterbury.

3.
To raise to arrogance; to puff up; to inflate; as, to be swelled with pride or haughtiness.

4.
(Mus.)
To augment gradually in force or loudness, as the sound of a note.


word: Swell₃
definition:
Swell

Swell
n.
1.
The act of swelling.

2.
Gradual increase.
(a)
Increase or augmentation in bulk; protuberance.
(b)
Increase in height; elevation; rise.

Little River affords navigation during a swell to within three miles of the Miami.
Jefferson.

Music arose with its voluptuous swell.
Byron.

The swell and subsidence of his periods.
Landor.

3.
A gradual ascent, or rounded elevation, of land; as, an extensive plain abounding with little swells.

4.
A wave, or billow; especially, a succession of large waves; the roll of the sea after a storm; as, a heavy swell sets into the harbor.

The swell
Of the long waves that roll in yonder bay.
Tennyson.

The gigantic swells and billows of the snow.
Hawthorne.

5.
(Mus.)
A gradual increase and decrease of the volume of sound; the crescendo and diminuendo combined; -- generally indicated by the sign.

6.
A showy, dashing person; a dandy.
[Slang]

Ground swell. See under Ground. -- Organ swell (Mus.), a certain number of pipes inclosed in a box, the uncovering of which by means of a pedal produces increased sound. -- Swell shark (Zool.), a small shark (Scyllium ventricosum) of the west coast of North America, which takes in air when caught, and swells up like a swellfish.


word: Swell₄
definition:
Swell

Swell
a.
Having the characteristics of a person of rank and importance; showy; dandified; distinguished; as, a swell person; a swell neighborhood.
[Slang]

Swell mob. See under Mob. [Slang]


word: Swellfish
definition:
Swellfish

Swell"fish`
(?)
n.
(Zool.)
Any plectognath fish that dilates itself, as the bur fish, puffer, or diodon.


word: Swelling
definition:
Swelling

Swell"ing
n.
1.
The act of that which swells; as, the swelling of rivers in spring; the swelling of the breast with pride.

Rise to the swelling of the voiceless sea.
Coleridge.

2.
A protuberance; a prominence
(Med.)
an unnatural prominence or protuberance; as, a scrofulous swelling.

The superficies of such plates are not even, but have many cavities and swellings.
Sir I. Newton.


word: Swelt₂
definition:
Swelt

Swelt
v. i.
[OE. swelten to die, to swoon or faint, AS. sweltan to die; akin to OD. swelten to hunger, to fail, OS. sweltan to die, Icel. svelta to die, to hunger, Sw. svälta to hunger, Dan. sulte, Goth. sviltan to die.  Cf. Swelter, Sweltry.]
1.
To die; to perish.
[Obs.]

2.
To faint; to swoon.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.

Night she swelt for passing joy.
Spenser.


word: Swelt₃
definition:
Swelt

Swelt
v. t.
To overpower, as with heat; to cause to faint; to swelter.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Bp. Hall.


word: Swelter
definition:
Swelter

Swel"ter
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Sweltered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sweltering.]
[From Swelt, v. i.]
1.
To be overcome and faint with heat; to be ready to perish with heat.
Sweltered
Coleridge.

2.
To welter; to soak.
[Obs.]
Drayton.


word: Sweltry
definition:
Sweltry

Swel"try
(?)
a.
[See Swelter, Swelt, v. i., and cf. Sultry.]
Suffocating with heat; oppressively hot; sultry.
[R.]
Evelyn.


word: Swerve
definition:
Swerve

Swerve
(?)
v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Swerved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swerving.]
[OE. swerven, AS. sweorfan to wipe off, to file, to polish; akin to OFries. swerva to creep, D. zwerven to swerve, to rope, OS. swerban to wipe off, MHG. swerben to be whirled, OHG. swerban to wipe off, Icel. sverfa to file, Goth. swaírban (in comp.) to wipe, and perhaps to E. swarm.  Cf. Swarm.]
1.
To stray; to wander; to rope.
[Obs.]

A maid thitherward did run,
To catch her sparrow which from her did swerve.
Sir P. Sidney.

2.
To go out of a straight line; to deflect.
swerved
Sir P. Sidney.

3.
To wander from any line prescribed, or from a rule or duty; to depart from what is established by law, duty, custom, or the like; to deviate.

I swerve not from thy commandments.
Bk. of Com. Prayer.

They swerve from the strict letter of the law.
Clarendon.

Many who, through the contagion of evil example, swerve exceedingly from the rules of their holy religion.
Atterbury.

4.
To bend; to incline.
swerved
Milton.

5.
To climb or move upward by winding or turning.

The tree was high;
Yet nimbly up from bough to bough I swerved.
Dryden.


word: Sweven
definition:
Sweven

Swe"ven
(?)
n.
[AS. swefen sleep, dream; akin to swebban, swefian, to put to sleep, to kill. √176. See Somnolent.]
A vision seen in sleep; a dream.
[Obs.]
Wycliff (Acts ii. 17).

I defy both sweven and dream.
Chaucer.


